CN108609678B - Hot waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system and method with hot air pressure swing circulation - Google Patents
Hot waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system and method with hot air pressure swing circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108609678B CN108609678B CN201810234999.4A CN201810234999A CN108609678B CN 108609678 B CN108609678 B CN 108609678B CN 201810234999 A CN201810234999 A CN 201810234999A CN 108609678 B CN108609678 B CN 108609678B
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
- C02F1/12—Spray evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a hot-air pressure-variable circulating hot-waste water concentrate fluidized crystallization drying system and a method thereof, wherein the system and the method heat air from an air inlet unit through a first heat exchanger to obtain hot air, the hot air is taken as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidized crystallization drying tower, and ball particle packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a rotating roller is blown into a micro-floating fluidization state; the hot waste water concentrated solution preheated by the preheater and heated by the second heat exchanger is distributed to the atomizer on the inner cylinder of the rotary roller, the atomized spray is carried out on the surface of the ball particle filler and hot air to carry out heat and mass transfer, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized ball particle filler, the salt is ground, collided and shed between the ball particle fillers along with the rotation of the inner cylinder and the flow of the hot air, and is sunk to the tower bottom crystallization collection cone through the outer cylinder mesh screen, and compressed wet saturated air is condensed to form dehumidified air after phase change heat exchange of the preheater, and the dehumidified air enters the air inlet unit through the air expansion unit to be subjected to pressure swing circulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, relates to end solidification of wastewater, and in particular relates to a hot-air pressure-swing-circulation hot wastewater concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system and method.
Background
The desulfurization wastewater zero-emission system generally comprises a pretreatment unit, a concentration decrement unit and a tail end solidification unit.
At present, the terminal curing technology adopted at home and abroad mainly comprises the following steps: evaporating crystallization drying, direct-injection flue crystallization drying, bypass flue crystallization drying and hot air crystallization drying.
Evaporating, crystallizing and drying: the evaporation and crystallization process consumes a large amount of steam and/or electricity, and has large occupied area and building area, high construction and operation cost and serious equipment scaling and corrosion. The investment of evaporation crystallization drying ton water treatment equipment is more than 100 ten thousand; the operation and maintenance cost of ton water treatment is about 100 yuan.
And (5) crystallizing and drying by using a direct-injection flue: the direct-injection high-temperature flue is adopted for crystallization and drying, so that a large amount of high-temperature flue gas heat is consumed, the energy efficiency of the air preheater is directly reduced, the energy consumption is high, and the risks of damaging the dust remover and reducing the dust removal efficiency are simultaneously involved; the direct injection low-temperature flue is adopted for crystallization and drying, and is limited by the flue gas temperature and the dew point temperature of the low-temperature flue, so that the amount of the vaporizable wastewater is limited and cannot be completely vaporized. And has the following problems:
(1) After the desulfurization wastewater is evaporated, the highly corrosive chloride cannot be completely collected by the electrostatic precipitator, so that the highly corrosive chloride is accumulated on a desulfurization tower and subsequent equipment to cause serious corrosion, and the equipment maintenance frequency and the equipment maintenance cost are obviously increased;
(2) Heavy metal and other materials in the desulfurization wastewater are enriched in the fly ash, so that the reutilization of the fly ash and the safety of users are greatly influenced.
(3) After atomization of the wastewater, serious corrosion and scaling are caused to a flue, an electrostatic precipitator and downstream equipment, and long-term stable operation of the equipment is affected, such as: the electrostatic precipitator polar plate scale deposit reduces dust removal efficiency, influences electrostatic precipitator normal operating even.
(4) The atomization nozzle and the flue are severely worn, and the equipment is rapidly disabled due to corrosion of high-concentration chloride.
(5) The process mainly relies on an electrostatic precipitator to remove evaporation and crystallization products, and substances which cannot be removed by the electrostatic precipitator return to the desulfurizing tower along with flue gas, so that the process is continuously circulated and enriched, the load of the desulfurizing tower is increased, and PM2.5 emission, mercury emission and the like are easily out of standard.
And (3) crystallizing and drying the bypass flue: the high-temperature flue gas needs to be led in, a large amount of heat of the high-temperature flue gas is consumed, the energy efficiency of the air preheater is directly reduced, the energy consumption is high, the equipment manufacturing cost is high, and the equipment scaling and corrosion are serious. The investment of the bypass flue crystallization drying ton water treatment equipment is about 300 ten thousand, and the atomization equipment is frequently replaced.
And (5) hot air crystallization and drying: a large amount of steam is needed, the energy consumption is high, the product cannot be utilized, and the product is difficult to treat.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a hot air pressure-swing circulation hot waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system and a hot air pressure-swing circulation hot waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying method so as to realize end solidification of waste water concentrate, wherein the waste water concentrate can be desulfurization waste water concentrate.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a hot air pressure-swing circulation type hot waste water concentrate fluidizing and crystallizing drying system comprises an air inlet unit, a waste water concentrate inlet unit, a fluidizing and crystallizing drying tower, an air heating unit, a waste water concentrate heating unit, an air hot compression unit and an expansion unit;
the lower part of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with an air inlet, the bottom of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a crystallization collection cone hopper, and the top of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a wet air outlet; the inside of the tower body is provided with a rotary roller consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the two ends of the cylindrical structure are fixed on the wall of the tower body, the peripheral wall of the cylindrical structure is in a mesh screen shape, the inner cylinder is rotationally connected on the wall of the tower body through the two shaft ends of the cylindrical structure, and a spherical particle filler with the particle size larger than the mesh screen diameter of the outer cylinder is arranged in a space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each liquid spraying pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles, the end face of one shaft end of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of distribution holes corresponding to the plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each distribution hole is communicated with the corresponding liquid spraying pipeline, the end face of the shaft end is also provided with a distribution valve fixed on the wall of the tower body, the end face is tightly matched with the distribution valve, the distribution valve is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and each distribution hole of the shaft end is sequentially communicated with the liquid inlet hole along with the rotation of the inner cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is also provided with stirring blades for stirring the spherical particle filler during rotation;
the air inlet unit comprises an air filter and a fan, the air heating unit comprises a first heat exchanger, and air sequentially passes through the air filter, the fan and the first heat exchanger and enters the tower body from the air inlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower; the first heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating air;
the wastewater concentrate inlet unit comprises a wastewater concentrate inlet pipeline, one end of the pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet hole, and the other end of the pipeline is a wastewater concentrate inlet; the waste water concentrated solution heating unit comprises a preheater and a second heat exchanger which are arranged on a waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, and the waste water concentrated solution is preheated by the preheater and heated by the second heat exchanger to enter a rotary roller in the tower body; the air heat compression unit is communicated with a wet air outlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower, and compressed wet air is condensed and dehumidified by the air heat compression unit and enters the air inlet unit for pressure swing circulation through the air expansion unit; the second heat exchanger is also in communication with a heat source for heating the wastewater concentrate.
Further, the fluidization crystallization drying system also comprises an air inlet modulation mechanism arranged at the air inlet of the tower body and an exhaust modulation mechanism arranged at the wet air outlet of the tower body;
the inlet gas distribution modulator comprises an inlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of inlet guide plates, wherein the inlet guide plates are arranged below the inlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding horizontal gas flow into vertical gas flow; the exhaust modulation mechanism comprises an outlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of outlet guide plates which are arranged above the outlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding vertical gas flow into horizontal gas flow;
the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body; the middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, and the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones; the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder with a lower end of a semicircle sphere or cone; the modulation blades are arranged at the lower end of the cylinder and comprise a plurality of blades which are obliquely arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder and are used for modulating vertical ascending airflow into rotary ascending airflow;
the outlet gas distribution modulator is located vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator.
Further, the inlet guide plate or the outlet guide plate is respectively composed of a horizontal section and a vertical section, and the horizontal section and the vertical section are connected and transited by an arc section.
Further, the modulation blades are circumferentially fixed at equal intervals through the inner stirrups and the outer stirrups and sleeved at the lower end of the cylinder of the gas distribution modulator.
Further, the modulation shaft body is of a hollow structure.
Further, the heat source is hot water, steam or hot flue gas.
Further, a plurality of scrapers are arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
A method for fluidized crystallization and drying of wastewater concentrate by adopting the system comprises the following steps: heating air from an air inlet unit through a first heat exchanger to obtain hot air, taking the hot air as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidized crystallization drying tower, and blowing pellet packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a rotating roller into a micro-floating fluidization state; the hot waste water concentrated solution preheated by the preheater and heated by the second heat exchanger is distributed to an atomizer arranged on the inner barrel of the rotary roller, the atomized spray is sprayed to the surface of the ball particle filler to conduct heat and mass transfer with hot air, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is crystallized and dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized ball particle filler, the salt is ground, collided and fallen off between the ball particle fillers and falls to a crystallization collecting cone hopper at the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel mesh screen along with the rotation of the inner barrel and the flow of the hot air, and compressed wet saturated air is condensed to form condensed water and dehumidified air after phase change heat exchange of the preheater, and the dehumidified air enters an air inlet unit through an air expansion unit to be subjected to pressure swing circulation.
Further, the heat source of the heat exchanger is hot flue gas before the dust remover.
The basic principle of the invention (taking desulfurization waste water concentrate as an example): hot air enters from an air inlet at the bottom of the tower, is modulated into cyclone flow state by a gas modulation mechanism, and is filled with an inert pellet filler layer between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the rotating roller to be blown into micro-floating fluidization state. The heated hot desulfurization waste water concentrated solution is distributed to an atomizer arranged on an inner cylinder of a rotating roller through a liquid distribution device in the rotating roller, atomized and sprayed to the surface of a spherical particle and hot air to conduct heat and mass transfer, moisture and gasification are discharged out of a tower body along with gas, salt is crystallized and dried and hardened on the surface of a fluidized inert spherical particle, the salt is ground and collided and falls off along with the rotation of the rotating roller and the flow of the hot air modulated into a cyclone flow state, and crystallization and drying salt is deposited to the bottom of the tower through an outer cylinder screen to be collected and discharged. The evaporated moisture is discharged from the top of the tower along with hot air, and the high-temperature wet air is recycled by the heat recovered by the preheater to obtain dehumidified air, and higher-purity salt can be produced.
According to the technical scheme, heated air enters the tower body from the air inlet, inert pellet filler is blown into a micro-floating fluidization state by rotating ascending air flow in the tower, hot desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution sprayed to the surface of the pellet in an atomization mode is dried, wet saturated air carrying moisture is discharged from the wet air outlet, and salt is crystallized, dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized inert pellet, and then drops to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower along with grinding and collision falling of the pellet through an outer cylinder mesh screen. The air filter is used for filtering air, and the fan is used for providing power for the air. The first heat exchanger is used for heating air to a required temperature, and the heat source for providing heat for the first heat exchanger can be hot water, steam or hot flue gas of a power plant. The preheater is used for collecting heat of humid air to primarily preheat desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution on one hand, and condensing and dehumidifying the humid air on the other hand, and the dehumidified air is continuously utilized from the air inlet, so that exhaust gas is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere. The second heat exchanger is used for further heating the preheated wastewater concentrate to a desired temperature, and the heat source for providing heat for the second heat exchanger can be hot water, steam or hot flue gas of a power plant. In order to reduce the tower height, reduce the equipment investment and the occupied space, the fluidization crystallization drying efficiency needs to be improved, and the air inlet modulation mechanism and the air outlet modulation mechanism can exert the effect. The inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body. The outlet gas distribution modulator is positioned vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator and is positioned on the central line of the tower body; the inlet guide plate is positioned below the inlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air inlet pipeline in the horizontal direction; the outlet guide plate is positioned above the outlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air exhaust pipeline in the horizontal direction; air enters from an air inlet pipeline and is blown to an inlet guide plate and is guided to be in a vertical flow state by a horizontal flow state, then is blown to an inlet gas distribution modulator and is modulated to be in a rotary ascending flow state by a vertical ascending flow state, and is sequentially blown to an outlet gas distribution modulator and an outlet guide plate to be discharged after being subjected to mass transfer with a pellet filler of the sprayed concentrated solution. The modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator and the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator are like a pair of virtual bearings, the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator jointly modulate the air flow into cyclone flow state, so that efficient mass and heat transfer is realized, the air inlet and outlet are more uniform, the space utilization rate in the tower is greatly improved, and the height of the tower is effectively reduced. The middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones, the rotation modulation intensity of the modulation blades on gas can be enhanced, and the lower end of the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator has the same function.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. high heat and mass transfer efficiency: the ball-in rate of the rotating roller is high, the inert ball particle filler is in a micro-floating state in the tower, and direct heat exchange is adopted, so that the heat and mass transfer area is greatly increased, and the heat and mass transfer efficiency is high; 2. the scale resistance is extremely strong: the heat and mass transfer main body, the inert pellet filler, is in a micro-floating state in the tower and moves along with the rotating roller, so that the scale resistance is extremely strong; 3. simple process equipment, low investment and small occupied area; 4. the operation is stable and reliable; 5. the operation cost is low: the heat source adopts the hot flue gas of 120-150 ℃ in front of the dust remover of the coal-fired power plant [ can also be other heat sources such as steam, etc. ], the hot air quantity is small, and the flue gas waste heat is adopted for heating, so that the operation cost is almost avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desulfurization wastewater concentrate fluidized crystallization drying system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an inlet gas distribution modulator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a modulating vane of an inlet gas distribution modulator;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inlet gas distribution modulator and inlet baffle structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet baffle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of a rotating roller;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the end face of the dispensing orifice of the inner barrel and a schematic view of the dispensing valve structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the end face of the inner barrel opposite the dispensing orifice;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the configuration of the inner cartridge and spray conduit, and dispensing valve;
the device comprises a 21-inlet guide plate, a 22-outlet guide plate, a 23-modulation shaft body, 24-blades, 25-inner stirrups, 26-outer stirrups, 31-inner cylinders, 32-outer cylinders, 33-spherical particle fillers, 34-liquid spraying pipelines, 35-atomizers, 36-distribution holes, 37-distribution valves, 38-liquid inlet holes, 39-stirring blades, 40-scraping plates, 41-pipelines for communicating the liquid spraying pipelines with the distribution holes, 42-desulfurization wastewater concentrate inlets and 43-stirring blades.
Detailed Description
The following describes the essential aspects of the present invention in detail with reference to examples, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The test procedures not described in detail in the experiments are conventional test procedures well known to those skilled in the art.
This example takes desulfurization wastewater concentrate as an example.
The hot-air pressure-swing-circulation hot desulfurization waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system shown in fig. 1 comprises an air inlet unit, a desulfurization waste water concentrate liquid inlet unit, a fluidization crystallization drying tower, an air heating unit, a desulfurization waste water concentrate heating unit, an air hot compression unit and an expansion unit;
the lower part of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with an air inlet, the bottom of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a crystallization collection cone hopper, and the top of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a wet air outlet; the inside of the tower body is provided with a rotary roller consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the two ends of the cylindrical structure are fixed on the wall of the tower body, the peripheral wall of the cylindrical structure is in a mesh screen shape, the inner cylinder is rotationally connected on the wall of the tower body through the two shaft ends of the cylindrical structure, and a spherical particle filler with the particle size larger than the mesh screen diameter of the outer cylinder is arranged in a space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each liquid spraying pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles, the end face of one shaft end of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of distribution holes corresponding to the plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each distribution hole is communicated with the corresponding liquid spraying pipeline, the end face of the shaft end is also provided with a distribution valve fixed on the wall of the tower body, the end face is tightly matched with the distribution valve, the distribution valve is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and each distribution hole of the shaft end is sequentially communicated with the liquid inlet hole along with the rotation of the inner cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is also provided with stirring blades (shown in figures 6-9) for stirring the spherical particle filler during rotation;
the air inlet unit comprises an air filter and a fan, the air heating unit comprises a first heat exchanger, and air sequentially passes through the air filter, the fan and the first heat exchanger and enters the tower body from the air inlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower; the first heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating air;
the desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet unit comprises a desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, one end of the pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet hole, and the other end of the pipeline is provided with a desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet; the desulfurization waste water concentrated solution heating unit comprises a preheater and a second heat exchanger which are arranged on a desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, and desulfurization waste water concentrated solution is preheated by the preheater and heated by the second heat exchanger to enter a rotary roller in the tower body; the air heat compression unit is communicated with a wet air outlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower, and compressed wet air is condensed and dehumidified by the air heat compression unit and enters the air inlet unit for pressure swing circulation through the air expansion unit; the second heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating the desulfurization wastewater concentrate.
The fluidized crystallization drying system also comprises an air inlet modulation mechanism arranged at the air inlet of the tower body and an air exhaust modulation mechanism arranged at the wet air outlet of the tower body (as shown in figures 2-5);
the inlet gas distribution modulator comprises an inlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of inlet guide plates, wherein the inlet guide plates are arranged below the inlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding horizontal gas flow into vertical gas flow; the exhaust modulation mechanism comprises an outlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of outlet guide plates which are arranged above the outlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding vertical gas flow into horizontal gas flow;
the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body; the middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, and the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones; the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder with a lower end of a semicircle sphere or cone; the modulation blades are arranged at the lower end of the cylinder and comprise a plurality of blades which are obliquely arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder and are used for modulating vertical ascending airflow into rotary ascending airflow;
the outlet gas distribution modulator is located vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator.
The inlet guide plate or the outlet guide plate consists of a horizontal section and a vertical section respectively, and the horizontal section and the vertical section are connected and transited by an arc section; the modulation blades are circumferentially fixed at equal intervals through the inner stirrups and the outer stirrups and sleeved at the lower end of the cylinder of the gas distribution modulator; the modulation shaft body is of a hollow structure; the heat source is hot water, steam or hot smoke; the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of scraping plates so as to improve the efficiency of separating salt hardened from the spherical particle filler.
A fluidized crystallization drying method for desulfurization wastewater concentrate by adopting the system comprises the following steps: heating air from an air inlet unit through a first heat exchanger to obtain hot air, taking the hot air as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidized crystallization drying tower, and blowing pellet packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a rotating roller into a micro-floating fluidization state; the method comprises the steps that hot desulfurization waste water concentrated solution preheated by a preheater and heated by a second heat exchanger is distributed to an atomizer arranged on an inner barrel of a rotary roller, atomization is sprayed to the surface of a spherical particle filler to conduct heat and mass transfer with hot air, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is crystallized and dried on the surface of the fluidized spherical particle filler to harden, the salt is ground, collided and shed between the spherical particle fillers and falls to a crystallization collecting cone hopper at the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel mesh screen along with rotation of the inner barrel and flow of the hot air, and compressed wet saturated air is condensed to form condensed water and dehumidified air after phase change heat exchange of the preheater, and the dehumidified air enters an air inlet unit through an air expansion unit to be subjected to variable-pressure circulation. The heat source of the heat exchanger is hot flue gas before the dust remover.
In addition, the sampling port, the observation port and the overhaul port are designed for different working sections, so that the internal components can be conveniently observed, sampled, observed and overhauled in an opening manner at any time; different working sections are provided with pressure gauges and thermometers. And the tower body is manufactured in a sectional way and is connected with a flange. The materials of the different components should be selected according to the composition and concentration of the contact medium. The corrosion resistant material can be rubber or plastic with the carbon steel lining temperature resistance of more than or equal to 100 ℃ according to the components and the concentration of the contact medium [ for example: polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced plastic, PP polypropylene, glass flake, etc.), or metal [ e.g.: stainless steel, titanium alloy, C276, 1.4529, etc.), or plastics with a temperature resistance of not less than 100 [ e.g.: polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced plastic, PP polypropylene, etc.).
According to the technical scheme, heated air enters the tower body from the air inlet, inert pellet filler is blown into a micro-floating fluidization state by rotating ascending air flow in the tower, hot desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution sprayed to the surface of the pellet in an atomization mode is dried, wet saturated air carrying moisture is discharged from the wet air outlet, and salt is crystallized, dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized inert pellet, and then drops to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower along with grinding and collision falling of the pellet through an outer cylinder mesh screen. The air filter is used for filtering air, and the fan is used for providing power for the air. The first heat exchanger is used for heating air to a required temperature, and the heat source for providing heat for the first heat exchanger can be hot water, steam or hot flue gas of a power plant. The preheater is used for collecting heat of humid air to primarily preheat desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution on one hand, and condensing and dehumidifying the humid air on the other hand, and the dehumidified air is continuously utilized from the air inlet, so that exhaust gas is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere. The second heat exchanger is used for further heating the preheated wastewater concentrate to a desired temperature, and the heat source for providing heat for the second heat exchanger can be hot water, steam or hot flue gas of a power plant. In order to reduce the tower height, reduce the equipment investment and the occupied space, the fluidization crystallization drying efficiency needs to be improved, and the air inlet modulation mechanism and the air outlet modulation mechanism can exert the effect. The inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body. The outlet gas distribution modulator is positioned vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator and is positioned on the central line of the tower body; the inlet guide plate is positioned below the inlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air inlet pipeline in the horizontal direction; the outlet guide plate is positioned above the outlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air exhaust pipeline in the horizontal direction; air enters from an air inlet pipeline and is blown to an inlet guide plate and is guided to be in a vertical flow state by a horizontal flow state, then is blown to an inlet gas distribution modulator and is modulated to be in a rotary ascending flow state by a vertical ascending flow state, and is sequentially blown to an outlet gas distribution modulator and an outlet guide plate to be discharged after being subjected to mass transfer with a pellet filler of the sprayed concentrated solution. The modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator and the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator are like a pair of virtual bearings, the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator jointly modulate the air flow into cyclone flow state, so that efficient mass and heat transfer is realized, the air inlet and outlet are more uniform, the space utilization rate in the tower is greatly improved, and the height of the tower is effectively reduced. The middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones, the rotation modulation intensity of the modulation blades on gas can be enhanced, and the lower end of the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator has the same function.
The system and the method provided by the invention can effectively dry the desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution, and compared with the prior art, the system and the method have the following advantages:
1. high heat and mass transfer efficiency: the ball-in rate of the rotating roller is high, the inert ball particle filler is in a micro-floating state in the tower, and direct heat exchange is adopted, so that the heat and mass transfer area is greatly increased, and the heat and mass transfer efficiency is high; 2. the scale resistance is extremely strong: the heat and mass transfer main body, the inert pellet filler, is in a micro-floating state in the tower and moves along with the rotating roller, so that the scale resistance is extremely strong; 3. simple process equipment, low investment and small occupied area; 4. the operation is stable and reliable; 5. the operation cost is low: the heat source adopts the hot flue gas of 120-150 ℃ in front of the dust remover of the coal-fired power plant [ can also be other heat sources such as steam, etc. ], the hot air quantity is small, and the flue gas waste heat is adopted for heating, so that the operation cost is almost avoided.
The above-described embodiments serve to describe the substance of the present invention in detail, but those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the present invention should not be limited to this specific embodiment.
Claims (7)
1. A hot-air pressure-swing-circulation hot-waste-water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system is characterized in that: the device comprises an air inlet unit, a wastewater concentrate inlet unit, a fluidization crystallization drying tower, an air heating unit, a wastewater concentrate heating unit, an air thermal compression unit and an expansion unit;
the lower part of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with an air inlet, the bottom of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a crystallization collection cone hopper, and the top of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a wet air outlet; the inside of the tower body is provided with a rotary roller consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the two ends of the cylindrical structure are fixed on the wall of the tower body, the peripheral wall of the cylindrical structure is in a mesh screen shape, the inner cylinder is rotationally connected on the wall of the tower body through the two shaft ends of the cylindrical structure, and a spherical particle filler with the particle size larger than the mesh screen diameter of the outer cylinder is arranged in a space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each liquid spraying pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles, the end face of one shaft end of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of distribution holes corresponding to the plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each distribution hole is communicated with the corresponding liquid spraying pipeline, the end face of the shaft end is also provided with a distribution valve fixed on the wall of the tower body, the end face is tightly matched with the distribution valve, the distribution valve is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and each distribution hole of the shaft end is sequentially communicated with the liquid inlet hole along with the rotation of the inner cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is also provided with stirring blades for stirring the spherical particle filler during rotation;
the air inlet unit comprises an air filter and a fan, the air heating unit comprises a first heat exchanger, and air sequentially passes through the air filter, the fan and the first heat exchanger and enters the tower body from the air inlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower; the first heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating air;
the wastewater concentrate inlet unit comprises a wastewater concentrate inlet pipeline, one end of the pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet hole, and the other end of the pipeline is a wastewater concentrate inlet; the waste water concentrated solution heating unit comprises a preheater and a second heat exchanger which are arranged on a waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, and the waste water concentrated solution is preheated by the preheater and heated by the second heat exchanger to enter a rotary roller in the tower body; the air heat compression unit is communicated with a wet air outlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower, and compressed wet air is condensed and dehumidified by the air heat compression unit and enters the air inlet unit for pressure swing circulation through the air expansion unit; the second heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating the wastewater concentrate;
wherein: the heat source is hot water, steam or hot smoke; the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of scraping plates.
2. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an air inlet modulation mechanism arranged at the air inlet of the tower body and an exhaust modulation mechanism arranged at the wet air outlet of the tower body;
the inlet gas distribution modulator comprises an inlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of inlet guide plates, wherein the inlet guide plates are arranged below the inlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding horizontal gas flow into vertical gas flow; the exhaust modulation mechanism comprises an outlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of outlet guide plates which are arranged above the outlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding vertical gas flow into horizontal gas flow;
the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body; the middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, and the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones; the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder with a lower end of a semicircle sphere or cone; the modulation blades are arranged at the lower end of the cylinder and comprise a plurality of blades which are obliquely arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder and are used for modulating vertical ascending airflow into rotary ascending airflow;
the outlet gas distribution modulator is located vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator.
3. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 2, wherein: the inlet guide plate or the outlet guide plate is respectively composed of a horizontal section and a vertical section, and an arc section for connecting and transitional the horizontal section and the vertical section.
4. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 2, wherein: the modulation blades are circumferentially fixed at equal intervals through the inner stirrups and the outer stirrups and sleeved at the lower end of the cylinder of the gas distribution modulator.
5. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 2, wherein: the modulation shaft body is of a hollow structure.
6. A method of fluidized crystallization drying of wastewater concentrate using the system of any one of claims 1-5, characterized by: heating air from an air inlet unit through a first heat exchanger to obtain hot air, taking the hot air as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidized crystallization drying tower, and blowing pellet packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a rotating roller into a micro-floating fluidization state; the hot waste water concentrated solution preheated by the preheater and heated by the second heat exchanger is distributed to an atomizer arranged on the inner barrel of the rotary roller, the atomized spray is sprayed to the surface of the ball particle filler to conduct heat and mass transfer with hot air, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is crystallized and dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized ball particle filler, the salt is ground, collided and fallen off between the ball particle fillers and falls to a crystallization collecting cone hopper at the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel mesh screen along with the rotation of the inner barrel and the flow of the hot air, and compressed wet saturated air is condensed to form condensed water and dehumidified air after phase change heat exchange of the preheater, and the dehumidified air enters an air inlet unit through an air expansion unit to be subjected to pressure swing circulation.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the heat source of the heat exchanger is hot flue gas before the dust remover.
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