CN108408810B - System and method for crystallizing and drying waste water concentrate fluidized by hot air pressure swing circulation - Google Patents
System and method for crystallizing and drying waste water concentrate fluidized by hot air pressure swing circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108408810B CN108408810B CN201810234643.0A CN201810234643A CN108408810B CN 108408810 B CN108408810 B CN 108408810B CN 201810234643 A CN201810234643 A CN 201810234643A CN 108408810 B CN108408810 B CN 108408810B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
- C02F1/12—Spray evaporation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F2001/5218—Crystallization
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for crystallizing and drying wastewater concentrate in hot air pressure-variable circulation, wherein the system and the method heat air from an air inlet unit through a heat exchanger to obtain hot air, the hot air is taken as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidized crystallization drying tower, and ball particle packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a rotating roller is blown into a micro-floating fluidization state; the preheated waste water concentrated solution is distributed to an atomizer arranged on an inner barrel of a rotary roller, the atomized waste water concentrated solution is sprayed to the surface of a spherical particle filler to conduct heat and mass transfer with hot air, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is crystallized and dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized spherical particle filler, along with the rotation of the inner barrel and the flow of the hot air, the salt is ground and collided between the spherical particle fillers and falls off and is deposited to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel mesh screen, the wet saturated air is compressed and then subjected to phase change heat exchange through the preheater, the condensation forms dehumidified air, and the compressed dehumidified air enters an air inlet unit through an air expansion unit to be subjected to pressure swing circulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, relates to end solidification of wastewater, and in particular relates to a system and a method for fluidized crystallization and drying of wastewater concentrate of hot air pressure swing circulation, wherein the wastewater concentrate can be desulfurization wastewater concentrate.
Background
The desulfurization wastewater zero-emission system generally comprises a pretreatment unit, a concentration decrement unit and a tail end solidification unit.
At present, the terminal curing technology adopted at home and abroad mainly comprises the following steps: evaporating crystallization drying, direct-injection flue crystallization drying, bypass flue crystallization drying and hot air crystallization drying.
Evaporating, crystallizing and drying: the evaporation and crystallization process consumes a large amount of steam and/or electricity, and has large occupied area and building area, high construction and operation cost and serious equipment scaling and corrosion. The investment of evaporation crystallization drying ton water treatment equipment is more than 100 ten thousand; the operation and maintenance cost of ton water treatment is about 100 yuan.
And (5) crystallizing and drying by using a direct-injection flue: the direct-injection high-temperature flue is adopted for crystallization and drying, so that a large amount of high-temperature flue gas heat is consumed, the energy efficiency of the air preheater is directly reduced, the energy consumption is high, and the risks of damaging the dust remover and reducing the dust removal efficiency are simultaneously involved; the direct injection low-temperature flue is adopted for crystallization and drying, and is limited by the flue gas temperature and the dew point temperature of the low-temperature flue, so that the amount of the vaporizable wastewater is limited and cannot be completely vaporized. And has the following problems:
(1) After the desulfurization wastewater is evaporated, the highly corrosive chloride cannot be completely collected by the electrostatic precipitator, so that the highly corrosive chloride is accumulated on a desulfurization tower and subsequent equipment to cause serious corrosion, and the equipment maintenance frequency and the equipment maintenance cost are obviously increased;
(2) Heavy metal and other materials in the desulfurization wastewater are enriched in the fly ash, so that the reutilization of the fly ash and the safety of users are greatly influenced.
(3) After atomization of the wastewater, serious corrosion and scaling are caused to a flue, an electrostatic precipitator and downstream equipment, and long-term stable operation of the equipment is affected, such as: the electrostatic precipitator polar plate scale deposit reduces dust removal efficiency, influences electrostatic precipitator normal operating even.
(4) The atomization nozzle and the flue are severely worn, and the equipment is rapidly disabled due to corrosion of high-concentration chloride.
(5) The process mainly relies on an electrostatic precipitator to remove evaporation and crystallization products, and substances which cannot be removed by the electrostatic precipitator return to the desulfurizing tower along with flue gas, so that the process is continuously circulated and enriched, the load of the desulfurizing tower is increased, and PM2.5 emission, mercury emission and the like are easily out of standard.
And (3) crystallizing and drying the bypass flue: the high-temperature flue gas needs to be led in, a large amount of heat of the high-temperature flue gas is consumed, the energy efficiency of the air preheater is directly reduced, the energy consumption is high, the equipment manufacturing cost is high, and the equipment scaling and corrosion are serious. The investment of the bypass flue crystallization drying ton water treatment equipment is about 300 ten thousand, and the atomization equipment is frequently replaced.
And (5) hot air crystallization and drying: a large amount of steam is needed, the energy consumption is high, the product cannot be utilized, and the product is difficult to treat.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a hot air pressure-swing circulation waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system and a method thereof, so as to realize the end solidification of waste water concentrate, wherein the waste water concentrate can be desulfurization waste water concentrate.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system comprises an air inlet unit, a waste water concentrate inlet unit, a fluidization crystallization drying tower, an air heating unit, a thermal compression unit, an expansion unit and a waste water concentrate heating unit;
the lower part of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with an air inlet, the bottom of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a crystallization collection cone hopper, and the top of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a wet air outlet; the inside of the tower body is provided with a rotary roller consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the two ends of the cylindrical structure are fixed on the wall of the tower body, the peripheral wall of the cylindrical structure is in a mesh screen shape, the inner cylinder is rotationally connected on the wall of the tower body through the two shaft ends of the cylindrical structure, and a spherical particle filler with the particle size larger than the mesh screen diameter of the outer cylinder is arranged in a space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each liquid spraying pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles, the end face of one shaft end of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of distribution holes corresponding to the plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each distribution hole is communicated with the corresponding liquid spraying pipeline, the end face of the shaft end is also provided with a distribution valve fixed on the wall of the tower body, the end face is tightly matched with the distribution valve, the distribution valve is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and each distribution hole of the shaft end is sequentially communicated with the liquid inlet hole along with the rotation of the inner cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is also provided with stirring blades for stirring the spherical particle filler during rotation;
the air inlet unit comprises an air filter and a fan, the air heating unit comprises a heat exchanger, and air sequentially passes through the air filter, the fan and the heat exchanger and enters the tower body from the air inlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower; the heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating air;
the wastewater concentrate inlet unit comprises a wastewater concentrate inlet pipeline, one end of the pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet hole, and the other end of the pipeline is a wastewater concentrate inlet; the waste water concentrated solution heating unit comprises a preheater arranged on a waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, and the waste water concentrated solution is preheated by the preheater and enters a rotary roller in the tower body; the air heat compression unit is communicated with a wet air outlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower, and compressed wet air is condensed and dehumidified by the air heat compression unit and enters the air inlet unit for pressure swing circulation through the air expansion unit.
Further, the fluidization crystallization drying system also comprises an air inlet modulation mechanism arranged at the air inlet of the tower body and an exhaust modulation mechanism arranged at the wet air outlet of the tower body;
the inlet gas distribution modulator comprises an inlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of inlet guide plates, wherein the inlet guide plates are arranged below the inlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding horizontal gas flow into vertical gas flow; the exhaust modulation mechanism comprises an outlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of outlet guide plates which are arranged above the outlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding vertical gas flow into horizontal gas flow;
the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body; the middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, and the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones; the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder with a lower end of a semicircle sphere or cone; the modulation blades are arranged at the lower end of the cylinder and comprise a plurality of blades which are obliquely arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder and are used for modulating vertical ascending airflow into rotary ascending airflow;
the outlet gas distribution modulator is located vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator.
Further, the inlet guide plate or the outlet guide plate is respectively composed of a horizontal section and a vertical section, and the horizontal section and the vertical section are connected and transited by an arc section.
Further, the modulation blades are circumferentially fixed at equal intervals through the inner stirrups and the outer stirrups and sleeved at the lower end of the cylinder of the gas distribution modulator.
Further, the modulation shaft body is of a hollow structure.
Further, the heat source is hot water, steam or hot flue gas.
Further, a plurality of scrapers are arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
A method for fluidized crystallization and drying of wastewater concentrate by adopting the system comprises the following steps: heating air from an air inlet unit through a heat exchanger to obtain hot air, taking the hot air as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidization crystallization drying tower, and blowing pellet packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a roller to form a micro-floating fluidization state; the preheated waste water concentrated solution is distributed to an atomizer arranged on an inner barrel of a rotary roller, the atomized waste water concentrated solution is sprayed to the surface of a spherical particle filler to conduct heat and mass transfer with hot air, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is crystallized and dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized spherical particle filler, along with the rotation of the inner barrel and the flow of the hot air, the salt is ground and collided between the spherical particle fillers and falls off and is deposited to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel mesh screen, the wet saturated air is compressed and then subjected to phase change heat exchange through the preheater, condensed water and dehumidified air are formed, and the compressed dehumidified air enters an air inlet unit through an air expansion unit to be subjected to pressure swing circulation.
Further, the heat source of the heat exchanger is hot flue gas before the dust remover.
The basic principle of the invention (taking desulfurization waste water concentrate as an example): hot air enters from an air inlet at the bottom of the tower, is modulated into cyclone flow state by a gas modulation mechanism, and is filled with an inert pellet filler layer between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the rotating roller to be blown into micro-floating fluidization state. The concentrated desulfurization waste water solution is distributed to an atomizer arranged on an inner barrel of a rotating roller through a liquid distribution device in the rotating roller, the atomized water is sprayed to the surface of a spherical particle and hot air for heat and mass transfer, the water and the gasified water are discharged out of a tower body along with gas, salt is crystallized and dried on the surface of the fluidized inert spherical particle, the salt is hardened along with the rotation of the rotating roller and the flow of the hot air modulated into cyclone flow state, the fluidized inert spherical particle is ground and collided to fall off, the fluidized inert spherical particle rotates along with the rotating roller, and the crystallized and dried salt is deposited to the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel screen for collection and discharge. The evaporated moisture is discharged from the top of the tower along with hot air, and the high-temperature wet air discharged from the fluidization crystallization drying tower is recycled by the heat recovered by the preheater, and the high-purity salt can be produced.
According to the technical scheme, heated air enters the tower body from the air inlet, inert pellet filler is blown into a micro-floating fluidization state by rotating ascending air flow in the tower, concentrated solution sprayed to the surface of the pellet in an atomization mode is dried, wet saturated air carrying moisture is discharged from the wet air outlet, and salt is crystallized, dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized inert pellet, and drops along with grinding and collision of the pellet and falls off to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower through an outer cylinder mesh screen. The air filter is used for filtering air, and the fan is used for providing power for the air. The preheater is used for collecting heat of humid air to primarily preheat desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution on one hand, condensing and dehumidifying the humid air on the other hand, and continuously utilizing dehumidified air from the air inlet in a variable pressure manner, so that exhaust gas is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere. The heat exchanger is used for heating the air to a required temperature, and the heat source for providing heat for the heat exchanger can be hot water, steam or hot flue gas of a power plant. In order to reduce the tower height, reduce the equipment investment and the occupied space, the fluidization crystallization drying efficiency needs to be improved, and the air inlet modulation mechanism and the air outlet modulation mechanism can exert the effect. The inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body. The outlet gas distribution modulator is positioned vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator and is positioned on the central line of the tower body; the inlet guide plate is positioned below the inlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air inlet pipeline in the horizontal direction; the outlet guide plate is positioned above the outlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air exhaust pipeline in the horizontal direction; air enters from an air inlet pipeline and is blown to an inlet guide plate and is guided to be in a vertical flow state by a horizontal flow state, then is blown to an inlet gas distribution modulator and is modulated to be in a rotary ascending flow state by a vertical ascending flow state, and is sequentially blown to an outlet gas distribution modulator and an outlet guide plate to be discharged after being subjected to mass transfer with a pellet filler of the sprayed concentrated solution. The modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator and the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator are like a pair of virtual bearings, the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator jointly modulate the air flow into cyclone flow state, so that efficient mass and heat transfer is realized, the air inlet and outlet are more uniform, the space utilization rate in the tower is greatly improved, and the height of the tower is effectively reduced. The middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones, the rotation modulation intensity of the modulation blades on gas can be enhanced, and the lower end of the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator has the same function.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. high heat and mass transfer efficiency: the ball-in rate of the rotating roller is high, the inert ball particle filler is in a micro-floating state in the tower, and direct heat exchange is adopted, so that the heat and mass transfer area is greatly increased, and the heat and mass transfer efficiency is high; 2. the scale resistance is extremely strong: the heat and mass transfer main body, the inert pellet filler, is in a micro-floating state in the tower and moves along with the rotating roller, so that the scale resistance is extremely strong; 3. simple process equipment, low investment and small occupied area; 4. the operation is stable and reliable; 5. the operation cost is low: the heat source adopts the hot flue gas of 120-150 ℃ in front of the dust remover of the coal-fired power plant [ can also be other heat sources such as steam, etc. ], the hot air quantity is small, and the flue gas waste heat is adopted for heating, so that the operation cost is almost avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desulfurization wastewater concentrate fluidized crystallization drying system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an inlet gas distribution modulator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a modulating vane of an inlet gas distribution modulator;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inlet gas distribution modulator and inlet baffle structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet baffle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of a rotating roller;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the end face of the dispensing orifice of the inner barrel and a schematic view of the dispensing valve structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the end face of the inner barrel opposite the dispensing orifice;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the configuration of the inner cartridge and spray conduit, and dispensing valve;
the device comprises a 21-inlet guide plate, a 22-outlet guide plate, a 23-modulation shaft body, 24-blades, 25-inner stirrups, 26-outer stirrups, 31-inner cylinders, 32-outer cylinders, 33-spherical particle fillers, 34-liquid spraying pipelines, 35-atomizers, 36-distribution holes, 37-distribution valves, 38-liquid inlet holes, 39-stirring blades, 40-scraping plates, 41-pipelines for communicating the liquid spraying pipelines with the distribution holes, 42-desulfurization wastewater concentrate inlets and 43-stirring blades.
Detailed Description
The following describes the essential aspects of the present invention in detail with reference to examples, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The test procedures not described in detail in the experiments are conventional test procedures well known to those skilled in the art.
This example takes desulfurization wastewater concentrate as an example.
The desulfurization waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system of hot air pressure swing cycle as shown in figure 1 comprises an air inlet unit, a desulfurization waste water concentrate liquid inlet unit, a fluidization crystallization drying tower, an air heating unit, a thermal compression unit, an expansion unit and a desulfurization waste water concentrate heating unit;
the lower part of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with an air inlet, the bottom of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a crystallization collection cone hopper, and the top of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a wet air outlet; the inside of the tower body is provided with a rotary roller consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the two ends of the cylindrical structure are fixed on the wall of the tower body, the peripheral wall of the cylindrical structure is in a mesh screen shape, the inner cylinder is rotationally connected on the wall of the tower body through the two shaft ends of the cylindrical structure, and a spherical particle filler with the particle size larger than the mesh screen diameter of the outer cylinder is arranged in a space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each liquid spraying pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles, the end face of one shaft end of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of distribution holes corresponding to the plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each distribution hole is communicated with the corresponding liquid spraying pipeline, the end face of the shaft end is also provided with a distribution valve fixed on the wall of the tower body, the end face is tightly matched with the distribution valve, the distribution valve is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and each distribution hole of the shaft end is sequentially communicated with the liquid inlet hole along with the rotation of the inner cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is also provided with stirring blades (shown in figures 6-9) for stirring the spherical particle filler during rotation;
the air inlet unit comprises an air filter and a fan, the air heating unit comprises a heat exchanger, and air sequentially passes through the air filter, the fan and the heat exchanger and enters the tower body from the air inlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower; the heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating air;
the desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet unit comprises a desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, one end of the pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet hole, and the other end of the pipeline is provided with a desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet; the desulfurization waste water concentrated solution heating unit comprises a preheater arranged on a desulfurization waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, and desulfurization waste water concentrated solution is preheated by the preheater and enters a rotary roller in the tower body; the air heat compression unit is communicated with a wet air outlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower, and compressed wet air is condensed and dehumidified by the air heat compression unit and enters the air inlet unit for pressure swing circulation through the air expansion unit.
The fluidized crystallization drying system also comprises an air inlet modulation mechanism arranged at the air inlet of the tower body and an air exhaust modulation mechanism arranged at the wet air outlet of the tower body (as shown in figures 2-5);
the inlet gas distribution modulator comprises an inlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of inlet guide plates, wherein the inlet guide plates are arranged below the inlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding horizontal gas flow into vertical gas flow; the exhaust modulation mechanism comprises an outlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of outlet guide plates which are arranged above the outlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding vertical gas flow into horizontal gas flow;
the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body; the middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, and the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones; the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder with a lower end of a semicircle sphere or cone; the modulation blades are arranged at the lower end of the cylinder and comprise a plurality of blades which are obliquely arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder and are used for modulating vertical ascending airflow into rotary ascending airflow;
the outlet gas distribution modulator is located vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator.
The inlet guide plate or the outlet guide plate consists of a horizontal section and a vertical section respectively, and the horizontal section and the vertical section are connected and transited by an arc section; the modulation blades are circumferentially fixed at equal intervals through the inner stirrups and the outer stirrups and sleeved at the lower end of the cylinder of the gas distribution modulator; the modulation shaft body is of a hollow structure; the heat source is hot water, steam or hot smoke; the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of scraping plates so as to improve the efficiency of separating salt hardened from the spherical particle filler.
A fluidized crystallization drying method for desulfurization wastewater concentrate by adopting the system comprises the following steps: heating air from an air inlet unit through a heat exchanger to obtain hot air, taking the hot air as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidization crystallization drying tower, and blowing pellet packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a roller to form a micro-floating fluidization state; the preheated desulfurization waste water concentrated solution is distributed to an atomizer arranged on an inner barrel of a rotary roller, the atomized solution is sprayed to the surface of a spherical particle filler to conduct heat and mass transfer with hot air, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is crystallized and dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized spherical particle filler, along with the rotation of the inner barrel and the flow of the hot air, the salt is ground and collided between the spherical particle fillers and falls off and falls to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel mesh screen, the wet saturated air is compressed and then subjected to phase change heat exchange through the preheater, condensed to form condensed water and dehumidified air, and the compressed dehumidified air enters an air inlet unit through an air expansion unit to be subjected to pressure swing circulation. The heat source of the heat exchanger is hot flue gas before the dust remover.
In addition, the sampling port, the observation port and the overhaul port are designed for different working sections, so that the internal components can be conveniently observed, sampled, observed and overhauled in an opening manner at any time; different working sections are provided with pressure gauges and thermometers. And the tower body is manufactured in a sectional way and is connected with a flange. The materials of the different components should be selected according to the composition and concentration of the contact medium. The corrosion resistant material can be rubber or plastic with the carbon steel lining temperature resistance of more than or equal to 100 ℃ according to the components and the concentration of the contact medium [ for example: polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced plastic, PP polypropylene, glass flake, etc.), or metal [ e.g.: stainless steel, titanium alloy, C276, 1.4529, etc.), or plastics with a temperature resistance of not less than 100 [ e.g.: polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced plastic, PP polypropylene, etc.).
According to the technical scheme, heated air enters the tower body from the air inlet, inert pellet filler is blown into a micro-floating fluidization state by rotating ascending air flow in the tower, concentrated solution sprayed to the surface of the pellet in an atomization mode is dried, wet saturated air carrying moisture is discharged from the wet air outlet, and salt is crystallized, dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized inert pellet, and drops along with grinding and collision of the pellet and falls off to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower through an outer cylinder mesh screen. The air filter is used for filtering air, and the fan is used for providing power for the air. The preheater is used for collecting heat of humid air to primarily preheat desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution on one hand, condensing and dehumidifying the humid air on the other hand, and continuously utilizing dehumidified air from the air inlet in a variable pressure manner, so that exhaust gas is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere. The heat exchanger is used for heating the air to a required temperature, and the heat source for providing heat for the heat exchanger can be hot water, steam or hot flue gas of a power plant. In order to reduce the tower height, reduce the equipment investment and the occupied space, the fluidization crystallization drying efficiency needs to be improved, and the air inlet modulation mechanism and the air outlet modulation mechanism can exert the effect. The inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body. The outlet gas distribution modulator is positioned vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator and is positioned on the central line of the tower body; the inlet guide plate is positioned below the inlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air inlet pipeline in the horizontal direction; the outlet guide plate is positioned above the outlet gas distribution modulator in the vertical direction, and faces the air exhaust pipeline in the horizontal direction; air enters from an air inlet pipeline and is blown to an inlet guide plate and is guided to be in a vertical flow state by a horizontal flow state, then is blown to an inlet gas distribution modulator and is modulated to be in a rotary ascending flow state by a vertical ascending flow state, and is sequentially blown to an outlet gas distribution modulator and an outlet guide plate to be discharged after being subjected to mass transfer with a pellet filler of the sprayed concentrated solution. The modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator and the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator are like a pair of virtual bearings, the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator jointly modulate the air flow into cyclone flow state, so that efficient mass and heat transfer is realized, the air inlet and outlet are more uniform, the space utilization rate in the tower is greatly improved, and the height of the tower is effectively reduced. The middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones, the rotation modulation intensity of the modulation blades on gas can be enhanced, and the lower end of the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator has the same function.
The system and the method provided by the invention can effectively dry the desulfurization wastewater concentrated solution, and compared with the prior art, the system and the method have the following advantages:
1. high heat and mass transfer efficiency: the ball-in rate of the rotating roller is high, the inert ball particle filler is in a micro-floating state in the tower, and direct heat exchange is adopted, so that the heat and mass transfer area is greatly increased, and the heat and mass transfer efficiency is high; 2. the scale resistance is extremely strong: the heat and mass transfer main body, the inert pellet filler, is in a micro-floating state in the tower and moves along with the rotating roller, so that the scale resistance is extremely strong; 3. simple process equipment, low investment and small occupied area; 4. the operation is stable and reliable; 5. the operation cost is low: the heat source adopts the hot flue gas of 120-150 ℃ in front of the dust remover of the coal-fired power plant [ can also be other heat sources such as steam, etc. ], the hot air quantity is small, and the flue gas waste heat is adopted for heating, so that the operation cost is almost avoided.
The above-described embodiments serve to describe the substance of the present invention in detail, but those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the present invention should not be limited to this specific embodiment.
Claims (9)
1. A waste water concentrate fluidization crystallization drying system of hot air pressure swing circulation, its characterized in that: the device comprises an air inlet unit, a wastewater concentrate inlet unit, a fluidization crystallization drying tower, an air heating unit, a thermal compression unit, an expansion unit and a wastewater concentrate heating unit;
the lower part of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with an air inlet, the bottom of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a crystallization collection cone hopper, and the top of the fluidization crystallization drying tower is provided with a wet air outlet; the inside of the tower body is provided with a rotary roller consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, the two ends of the cylindrical structure are fixed on the wall of the tower body, the peripheral wall of the cylindrical structure is in a mesh screen shape, the inner cylinder is rotationally connected on the wall of the tower body through the two shaft ends of the cylindrical structure, and a spherical particle filler with the particle size larger than the mesh screen diameter of the outer cylinder is arranged in a space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each liquid spraying pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles, the end face of one shaft end of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of distribution holes corresponding to the plurality of liquid spraying pipelines, each distribution hole is communicated with the corresponding liquid spraying pipeline, the end face of the shaft end is also provided with a distribution valve fixed on the wall of the tower body, the end face is tightly matched with the distribution valve, the distribution valve is provided with a liquid inlet hole, and each distribution hole of the shaft end is sequentially communicated with the liquid inlet hole along with the rotation of the inner cylinder; the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is also provided with stirring blades for stirring the spherical particle filler during rotation;
the air inlet unit comprises an air filter and a fan, the air heating unit comprises a heat exchanger, and air sequentially passes through the air filter, the fan and the heat exchanger and enters the tower body from the air inlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower; the heat exchanger is also communicated with a heat source for heating air;
the wastewater concentrate inlet unit comprises a wastewater concentrate inlet pipeline, one end of the pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet hole, and the other end of the pipeline is a wastewater concentrate inlet; the waste water concentrated solution heating unit comprises a preheater arranged on a waste water concentrated solution inlet pipeline, and the waste water concentrated solution is preheated by the preheater and enters a rotary roller in the tower body; the air heat compression unit is communicated with a wet air outlet of the fluidization crystallization drying tower, and compressed wet air is condensed and dehumidified by the air heat compression unit and enters the air inlet unit for pressure swing circulation through the air expansion unit.
2. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an air inlet modulation mechanism arranged at the air inlet of the tower body and an exhaust modulation mechanism arranged at the wet air outlet of the tower body;
the inlet gas distribution modulator comprises an inlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of inlet guide plates, wherein the inlet guide plates are arranged below the inlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding horizontal gas flow into vertical gas flow; the exhaust modulation mechanism comprises an outlet gas distribution modulator and a plurality of outlet guide plates which are arranged above the outlet gas distribution modulator and used for guiding vertical gas flow into horizontal gas flow;
the inlet gas distribution modulator and the outlet gas distribution modulator respectively comprise a middle modulation shaft body and modulation blades arranged on the periphery of the modulation shaft body; the middle of the modulation shaft body of the inlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder, and the two ends of the modulation shaft body are hemispheres or cones; the modulation shaft body of the outlet gas distribution modulator is a cylinder with a lower end of a semicircle sphere or cone; the modulation blades are arranged at the lower end of the cylinder and comprise a plurality of blades which are obliquely arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder and are used for modulating vertical ascending airflow into rotary ascending airflow;
the outlet gas distribution modulator is located vertically above the inlet gas distribution modulator.
3. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 2, wherein: the inlet guide plate or the outlet guide plate is respectively composed of a horizontal section and a vertical section, and an arc section for connecting and transitional the horizontal section and the vertical section.
4. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 2, wherein: the modulation blades are circumferentially fixed at equal intervals through the inner stirrups and the outer stirrups and sleeved at the lower end of the cylinder of the gas distribution modulator.
5. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 2, wherein: the modulation shaft body is of a hollow structure.
6. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat source is hot water, steam or hot flue gas.
7. The fluidized crystallization drying system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of scraping plates.
8. A method of fluidized crystallization drying of wastewater concentrate using the system of any one of claims 1-7, characterized by: heating air from an air inlet unit through a heat exchanger to obtain hot air, taking the hot air as carrier gas to enter from an air inlet of a fluidization crystallization drying tower, and blowing pellet packing between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder of a roller to form a micro-floating fluidization state; the preheated waste water concentrated solution is distributed to an atomizer arranged on an inner barrel of a rotary roller, the atomized waste water concentrated solution is sprayed to the surface of a spherical particle filler to conduct heat and mass transfer with hot air, moisture is taken away by the hot air to obtain wet saturated air, salt in the concentrated solution is crystallized and dried and hardened on the surface of the fluidized spherical particle filler, along with the rotation of the inner barrel and the flow of the hot air, the salt is ground and collided between the spherical particle fillers and falls off and is deposited to a crystallization collection cone bucket at the bottom of the tower through an outer barrel mesh screen, the wet saturated air is compressed and then subjected to phase change heat exchange through the preheater, condensed water and dehumidified air are formed, and the compressed dehumidified air enters an air inlet unit through an air expansion unit to be subjected to pressure swing circulation.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: the heat source of the heat exchanger is hot flue gas before the dust remover.
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