CN108606966A - 一种抗真菌外用组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种抗真菌外用组合物,由作为活性成分的酮康唑和(3‑(6‑氯‑4(3H)‑喹唑啉酮))甲基‑1‑(4‑(3‑甲基苄氧基)苯基‑5‑(2‑吡啶基)‑1,4‑戊二烯‑3‑酮肟醚(I10),和至少一种适用于皮肤外用的辅料组成;组合物中化合物(I10)与酮康唑的质量比为1:2~3,酮康唑含量为0.6%~0.8%。组合物为凝胶剂,辅料选自卡波姆、保湿剂、溶剂、表面活性剂、pH调节剂中的一种或几种,以及余量的水。卡波姆为卡波姆940,用量为0.5%~1.5%;溶剂为乙醇;保湿剂为丙三醇,用量为4%~10%;表面活性剂优选吐温‑80,用量为0.5%~1%;所述防腐剂为尼泊金乙酯;所述pH调节剂选自三乙醇胺。
Description
技术领域:
本发明提供了一种外用抗真菌组合物。
背景技术:
病原真菌侵犯表皮时引起的浅部真菌感染性疾病即真菌性皮肤病,轻度的真菌性皮肤病多采用外用药进行治疗,如酮康唑、咪康唑、联苯苄唑等。在抗真菌药物中,酮康唑(ketoconazole,CAS:65277-42-1)是一种咪唑类广谱抗真菌药,广泛的用于治疗各种皮肤真菌感染,但是由于容易造成严重的肝损伤,我国已经于2015年停止了酮康唑口服制剂的生产,并且已经将现有的多种含有酮康唑的外用药重新确定为处方药。由于具有造成严重副作用的危险性,酮康唑的使用受到了很大的限制,现有的酮康唑外用制剂为2%的酮康唑乳膏。
中国专利文献CN 106749046A公开了系列含喹唑啉酮的1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚类衍生物,并指出该类化合物可以用于烟草花叶病毒的防治,该文献具体公开了化合物(3-(6-氯-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮))甲基-1-(4-(3-甲基苄氧基)苯基-5-(2-吡啶基)-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚(I10),依照该文献公开内容,化合物(I10)对烟草花叶病毒具有一定防治效果,但其效果明显低于作为对照药物的宁南霉素。
如何在现有技术基础上,合理组成复方,提高酮康唑制剂的效果,并通过降低外用制剂中酮康唑用量来避免其造成肝损伤的潜在副作用成为现有技术中亟待解决的问题。
发明内容:
在研究中我们惊奇的发现,化合物(I10)与酮康唑联合用药,能显著提高真菌性皮肤病常见病原的抑菌效果。基于上述发现,本发明提供的技术方案为:
一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征在于所述组合物由作为活性成分的酮康唑和(3-(6-氯-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮))甲基-1-(4-(3-甲基苄氧基)苯基-5-(2-吡啶基)-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚(I10),和至少一种适用于皮肤外用的辅料组成;所述组合物中化合物(I10)与酮康唑的质量比为1:2~3,所述酮康唑含量为0.6%~0.8%。
一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征在于所述化合物(I10)与酮康唑的质量比为1:2.3~2.7。
所述的一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征在于所述组合物制成凝胶剂、乳膏剂、软膏剂、糊剂中的一种。
所述的一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征是所述组合物为凝胶剂,所述辅料选自卡波姆、保湿剂、溶剂、表面活性剂、pH调节剂中的一种或几种,以及余量的水。
所述卡波姆选自卡波姆940,所述卡波姆940的用量为组合物总质量的0.5%~1.5%。所述溶剂为乙醇。所述的保湿剂为丙三醇;用量为4%~10%。所述表面活性剂优选吐温-80,用量为0.5%~1%。所述防腐剂为尼泊金乙酯,所述pH调节剂选自三乙醇胺。
本发明中所述百分比均为占组合物的重量百分比。
本发明提供的一种抗真菌外用组合物,基于体外抑菌效果实验中的发现,将化合物(I10)与酮康唑的配比确定为1:2~3,在此配比范围内,得到的组合物对红色毛癣菌等皮肤真菌病的病原可以产生更好的治疗效果,尤其是可以大幅度提高对白色念珠菌的抑菌效果,使其特别适用于白色念珠菌的皮肤感染治疗。经过对实施例制得的凝胶剂型的组合物的动物实验表明,本发明提供的一种抗真菌外用组合物对于常见皮肤真菌病致病菌的治疗效果高于单独施用酮康唑和化合物(I10),其且毒性实验和皮肤刺激实验均表明化合物(I10)属于低毒物质,无明显的皮肤刺激性和口服的蓄积毒性。本发明技术方案中,特定比例的化合物(I10)与酮康唑产生了协同的抗真菌皮肤感染效果,在酮康唑含量仅为0.6~0.8%的情况下,其抗真菌效果优于更大有效成分含量的酮康唑制剂。在进一步实验中我们发现,化合物(I10)与酮康唑的配比在1:2.3~2.7时,上述协同效果更为明显,避免了现有制剂中酮康唑用量较高而带来的潜在危险。在方案筛选时,我们发现化合物(I)与现有多种抗真菌药物配比时,只有和酮康唑配比能够产生上述协同效果。
具体实施方式:
化合物(I10)的制备,按照中国专利文献CN CN106749046A中公开的方法,制备(3-(6-氯-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮))甲基-1-(4-(3-甲基苄氧基)苯基-5-(2-吡啶基)-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚(I10)原料药,含量98%以上。
药理实施例1、体外抑菌效果实验
1、培养基的制备
马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA),质量分数为马铃薯20%、葡萄糖2%、琼脂1.8%。每个试管中加入5ml培养基制备成斜面培养基;直径90mm的平皿中加入20ml培养基制备成平板培养基
2、实验方法
2.1菌株的处理
①将阳性菌落使用灭菌接种环转种于平皿PDA培养基活化菌株,丝状型真菌采取一区划线法,置于28℃恒温培养箱,培养7天;念珠菌使用三区划线法,置于35℃恒温培养箱,培养2天。
②挑取无污染的菌落采取三区划线法转种于平皿PDA培养基进行分纯,培养条件同前。
③挑取单独的纯化菌落以“Z”字形转种于斜面SDA试管培养基中,丝状型真菌置于28℃恒温培养箱,培养10天后经玻片小培养鉴定到种;念珠菌置于35℃恒温箱,培养2天后接种于科玛嘉培养基显色鉴定到种。
本实验采用的的菌株分别为属于皮肤癣菌的红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌、石膏小孢子菌和属于念珠菌的白色念珠菌和光滑念珠菌
2.2制作菌悬液
挑取适当菌落团块,溶于1mL加入吐温80的0.9%灭菌生理盐水。用微量振荡器震荡2min,充分震荡洗脱出孢子,使用血细胞计数器调节菌悬液浊度至5×106~10×106CFU/mL。
2.3制作含菌平板
抽取0.5ml菌悬液置于PDA平皿培养基,用灭菌涂布棒使之均匀分布于培养基表面。
2.4打孔加药
以直径6mm的打孔器在涂菌后的培养基上打孔,挑去孔内琼脂,将待测试药物分别挤入1ml无菌注射器中,每孔内加药0.1ml。
将活性成分溶于DMSO后再按下表所示浓度配制成混合溶液后,作为各组的待测试药物
实验组号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
化合物(110)% | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1 | 0 |
酮康挫% | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0 | 1 |
2.5培养与结果测量
药敏实验平板置于28℃恒温培养箱,培养10天。使用游标卡尺测量每种药的抑菌环半径,记录各药孔周围抑菌圈半径mm值。每株菌同时做3个平板。
结果如下(单位mm,n=3,means±s)
体外抑菌实验的结果表明,与单用活性成分的实验组5/6和其他实验组相比,实验组3对各种致病真菌的抑制效果显著提高,尤其是对于白色念珠菌,抑制效果提高幅度更为显著。实验组3中化合物(I10)与酮康唑的比例为1:2.33,基于上述实验结果,可将制剂实施例中的化合物(I10)与酮康唑的比例确定为1:2~3。
。实施例1
化合物(I10)3g酮康唑6g、,
卡波姆9405g,丙三醇50g吐温805g
尼泊金乙酯1g蒸馏水加至1000g
将卡波姆与吐温80及300ml蒸馏水混合,三乙醇胺滴加至上液中至pH为7,再将酮康唑及化合物(I10)溶于适量乙醇后逐渐加入搅匀,补足余量的水搅匀即得透明凝胶。
实施例2
化合物(I10)2.7g酮康唑8g
卡波姆93410g丙三醇50g吐温805g,蒸馏水加至1000g
将卡波姆与吐温80及300ml蒸馏水混合,三乙醇胺滴加至上液中至pH为7,再将酮康唑及化合物(I10)溶于适量乙醇后逐渐加入搅匀,补足余量的水搅匀即得透明凝胶。
实施例3
化合物(I10)2.6g、酮康唑6g
卡波姆940 15g丙三醇50g吐温80 5g
尼泊金乙酯1g蒸馏水加至1000g
将卡波姆与吐温80及300ml蒸馏水混合,三乙醇胺滴加至上液中至pH为7,再将酮康唑及化合物(I10)溶于乙醇后逐渐加入搅匀,补足余量的水搅匀即得透明凝胶。
实施例4
化合物(I10)3g、酮康唑8g
卡波姆940 10g乙醇60g丙三醇80g吐温80 10g
尼泊金乙酯1g氢氧化钠4g蒸馏水加至1000g
将卡波姆与吐温80及300ml蒸馏水混合,三乙醇胺滴加至上液中至pH为7,再将酮康唑及化合物(I10)溶于乙醇后逐渐加入搅匀,补足余量的水搅匀即得透明凝胶。..
对比例1
按照实施例1的配方,将活性成分改为酮康唑12g。
对比例2
按照实施例1的配方,将活性成分改为化合物(I10)12g。
药理实施例1真菌抑菌效果对比实验
1、材料
实验动物为Hartley豚鼠,体重300±20g,雌雄各半,
2、菌悬液的制备
将须癣毛癣菌菌株在PDA固体培养基上连续传代培养2次(28℃),以保证其活力。于第二次培养5d后,挑其菌落与0.9%生理盐水中,制成终浓度为1×108CFU/mL的菌悬液。
3、造模
豚鼠背部剃刀剃毛,用日本脱毛蜡脱毛,形成沿脊柱对称的两个4.0cm×4.0cm的无毛区。对无毛区进行真菌直接镜检及培养,结果均为阴性确认为阴性后用砂纸在豚鼠背上轻轻均匀地摩擦,并将菌悬液200μL均匀涂布于背部无毛区。涂菌1次后,连续观察10天。
4、分组及给药
取造模成功的实验动物随机分组,每组5只,每只动物的两个无毛区,给予同一种药物,连续给药7d,并记录给药前和给药7d后的评分,
评分标准
4分:红、肿、皮肤增厚,皮屑致密布满整个皮损部位。
3分:红、肿,皮损部位皮屑间有点状正常皮肤,累计小于25%。
2分:微红、不肿,皮损部位皮屑间有线状正常皮肤,累计小于50%。
1分:不红、不肿,皮损部位有少许皮屑间,75%以上皮肤正常。
0分:不红、不肿,基本正常。
分组给药与实验结果见下表
实验结果表明,实验1~4组采用本发明实施例提供的组合物,其对真菌感染模型动物的治疗效果既优于对照组,也优于采用单一活性成分的实验5/6组,说明本发明提供的组合物通过优选两种活性成分的比例,提高了对于皮肤真菌感染的治疗效果,特别是实验3/4组,在酮康唑用量仅为0.6%~0.8%的情况下,其效果也明显优于其他实施例,说明特别优选的化合物(I10)与酮康唑比例(1:2.3~2.7)能够表现出更好的抗皮肤真菌感染效果。
Claims (5)
1.一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征在于所述组合物由作为活性成分的酮康唑和(3-(6-氯-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮))甲基-1-(4-(3-甲基苄氧基)苯基-5-(2-吡啶基)-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚(I10),和至少一种适用于皮肤外用的辅料组成;所述组合物中化合物(I10)与酮康唑的质量比为1:2~3,所述酮康唑含量为0.6%~0.8%。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征在于所述化合物(I10)与酮康唑的质量比为1:2.3~2.7。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征在于所述组合物制成凝胶剂、乳膏剂、软膏剂、糊剂中的一种。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征是所述组合物为凝胶剂,所述辅料选自卡波姆、保湿剂、溶剂、表面活性剂、pH调节剂中的一种或几种,以及余量的水。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种抗真菌外用组合物,其特征是所述卡波姆选自卡波姆940,所述卡波姆940的用量为组合物总质量的0.5%~1.5%;所述溶剂为乙醇;所述的保湿剂为丙三醇,用量为4%~10%;所述表面活性剂优选吐温-80,用量为0.5%~1%;所述防腐剂为尼泊金乙酯;所述pH调节剂选自三乙醇胺。
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