CN108597637A - Million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process - Google Patents
Million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108597637A CN108597637A CN201810247871.1A CN201810247871A CN108597637A CN 108597637 A CN108597637 A CN 108597637A CN 201810247871 A CN201810247871 A CN 201810247871A CN 108597637 A CN108597637 A CN 108597637A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/14—Processing by incineration; by calcination, e.g. desiccation
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process.The processing method includes the following steps：The activity concentration for detecting radioactivity waste oil as solution oil-control, if activity concentration ＞ 0.1Bq/g, carries out catalytic treatment, filtering, ion-exchange treatment etc., obtains solution oil-control if activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g；Acid oxidase processing, alkali cleaning processing are carried out successively to solution oil-control, obtain neutral fluid, and be used for combustion heat supplying.Treatment method carries out catalysis and filtration treatment to radioactivity waste oil, and using ion-exchange method the radionuclide of radioactivity waste oil intermediate ion grade is removed, to obtain the solution oil-control for reaching discharge standard, solution oil-control is then used for combustion heat supplying, on the one hand the radioactive residue pollutant directly generated to Spent Radioactive oil firing is avoided, on the other hand nuclear power plant's radioactivity waste oil accumulation, the third aspect, additionally it is possible to realize the recycling of waste are solved the problems, such as.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear power Spent Radioactive oil processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory radiation
Property useless oil treatment process.
Background technology
In nuclear facilities operation and maintenance process, it can use to oil products such as a large amount of insulating oil, lubricating oil and hydraulic oil.This
A little oil products in use, are inevitably contaminated, reach the reasons such as service life or reduced performance by for
When changing calcellation, nuclear power plant's radioactivity waste oil is just constituted.Under normal conditions, activity concentration is very in these radioactivity waste oil
It is low, only 3.7 × 104Bq/m3~3.7 × 106Bq/m3, the radioactivity waste oil activity concentration as certain nuclear power plant keeps at present is less than
2×106Bq/m3.In addition, in radioactivity waste oil also contain a small amount of β, gamma activity nucleic and activation products for example tritium, strontium, caesium,
The nucleic such as cobalt, also other metal nucleic, such as lead, barium, mercury.
Radioactivity waste oil is stored generally in the form of mixing, and is had the characteristics that on a small quantity and dispersed distribution.With it is domestic certain
For large nuclear-power factory：The waste oil of different type or model is mixed and is stored in waste oil storage tank after carrying on the back radioactive pollution；
Separate unit mega kilowatt nuclear power generators generates radioactivity waste oil about 0.5m every year3, run more than 20 years cumulative Spent Radioactive
Oil also only has more than ten cubic metres.Other and power station also have similar situation, the radioactivity waste oil of accumulation to be all temporarily stored in certainly
In oneself workshop, the characteristic distributions that cause domestic waste oil to disperse on a small quantity.These radioactivity waste oil are stored for a long time, are accumulated for many years, factory
Room inventory limitation has existed deficiency, and waste oil itself belongs to flammable and explosive substance, and long-term storage can have security risk, influence
The safety of workshop, the content of radioactive substance of waste oil can not be reduced when directly burning, and radioactive substance can be transferred to
In combustion residue or flue gas, environmental pollution is caused.Therefore have and probe into environmentally friendly and relatively low cost nuclear power plant and put
Penetrating property waste oil disposal scheme.
Invention content
For Spent Radioactive oilreserves are more and more existing for current nuclear power plant, are inconvenient to handle and cause to pacify to nuclear power plant
Full hidden danger and the problems such as cannot conventionally handle and can not be effectively treated due to radioactivity, the present invention
A kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process is provided.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process, at least includes the following steps：
The activity concentration of step S01. detection radioactivity waste oil, if activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, directly
S05 is entered step as solution oil-control, if activity concentration ＞ 0.1Bq/g, carry out step S02；
Step S02. is more than activity concentration in the case where having oxygen atmosphere and heating condition, using metallic catalyst
The radioactivity waste oil of 0.1Bq/g carries out catalytic treatment, obtains the first fluid；
Step S03. carries out filtration treatment several times to first fluid, obtains the second fluid；
Step S04. carries out ion-exchange treatment to second fluid, obtains third fluid, detects the third fluid
Activity concentration, if activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, as solution oil-control be directly entered step S05；If radiation
Property activity concentration ＞ 0.1Bq/g, then circulation step S02~S04 to activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, obtain solution oil-control, into
Enter step S05；
Step S05. carries out acid oxidase processing successively to the solution oil-control, alkali cleaning is handled, and neutral fluid is obtained, in described
Property fluid be placed in combustion furnace and carry out combustion heat supplying.
The technique effect of the present invention：Million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process provided by the invention, it is right
Radioactivity waste oil carries out catalytic treatment and filtration treatment, tentatively reduces activity concentration, further uses ion exchange side
Formula makes the radionuclide of radioactivity waste oil intermediate ion grade be removed, to obtain the solution oil-control for reaching discharge standard, then
Solution oil-control is used for combustion heat supplying, on the one hand avoids the radioactive residue pollutant directly generated to Spent Radioactive oil firing,
On the other hand nuclear power plant's radioactivity waste oil accumulation, the third aspect, additionally it is possible to realize the recycling of waste are solved the problems, such as；
In addition, the processing method is simple for process, less energy consumption, be conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction, environmental protection.
Description of the drawings
It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with Figure of description and reality
Example is applied, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this
Invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Explanation of nouns of the present invention：
Solve oil-control：Refer to by radioactivity be reduced to solution control it is below the mark, the national standard of reference is《It can be from radiation protection
Radionuclide concentration activity in the material of supervision》GB27742-2011.
First fluid, the second fluid, third fluid involved in the present invention etc. are for convenience of to processing side of the invention
The differentiation of the radioactivity waste oil in different disposal stage in method, therefore, the first, second, third, etc. attribute special contain without other
Justice.
As shown in Figure 1, present example provides a kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process.At this
Reason method at least includes the following steps：
The activity concentration of step S01. detection radioactivity waste oil, if activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, directly
S05 is entered step as solution oil-control, if activity concentration ＞ 0.1Bq/g, carry out step S02；
Step S02. is more than activity concentration in the case where having oxygen atmosphere and heating condition, using metallic catalyst
The radioactivity waste oil of 0.1Bq/g carries out catalytic treatment, obtains the first fluid；
Step S03. carries out filtration treatment several times to first fluid, obtains the second fluid；
Step S04. carries out ion-exchange treatment to second fluid, obtains third fluid, detects the third fluid
Activity concentration, if activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, as solution oil-control be directly entered step S05；If radiation
Property activity concentration ＞ 0.1Bq/g, then circulation step S02~S04 to activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, obtain solution oil-control, into
Enter step S05；
Step S05. carries out acid oxidase processing successively to the solution oil-control, alkali cleaning is handled, and neutral fluid is obtained, in described
Property fluid be placed in combustion furnace and carry out combustion heat supplying.
To the million kilowatt nuclear power factory, Spent Radioactive oil treatment process is further explained explanation below.
In step S01, when detecting the activity concentration of radioactivity waste oil, it is necessary to first stir radioactivity waste oil
It to uniform, then detects again, the data to ensure detection are true and reliable.The purpose of detection is directly to judge radioactivity for convenience
Whether waste oil can be directly as solution oil-control, if it is possible to directly as solution oil-control, then be not necessarily to carry out step S02~S04, with section
Save the process cycle of radioactivity waste oil.
In step S02, oxygen atmosphere can be that activity concentration after step S01 detections is directly more than 0.1Bq/g
Radioactivity waste oil be exposed in air, can also be to be passed through air or oxygen thereto, have oxygen atmosphere that should entirely urge
Change in processing procedure, to ensure catalytic effect.
When carrying out catalytic treatment to radioactivity waste oil, need to heat.Radioactivity is specifically heated to 135~165 DEG C,
At such a temperature, the catalysis oxidation to radioactivity waste oil and catalysis aging may be implemented so that the radioactivity of radioactivity waste oil
Activity concentration is greatly lowered.And after radioactivity waste oil is heated to 135~165 DEG C, need to keep at such a temperature
At least 7 days, to ensure that activity concentration is reduced to 0.08Bq/g and following.In catalysis, basic principle is：Due to putting
Contain additive in penetrating property waste oil, these additives are mainly inorganic salts, such as phosphate, zinc salt, and radionuclide is main
It is combined with additive and there are in oil body, under the catalytic action of metallic catalyst, additive can be become oil by deterioration by oxidation
Mud precipitates, by standing, you can the separation for realizing radionuclide and radioactivity waste oil reaches to reduce and be radiated in radioactivity waste oil
The purpose of property activity concentration.
Preferably, in the catalytic process of radioactivity waste oil, heating temperature is 140~160 DEG C, continues catalysis time and is more than 12
It, the specific time can be adjusted according to the number of Spent Radioactive oil mass and the height of activity concentration.In the temperature
Under degree and the catalysis time, higher catalytic effect can be obtained, activity concentration can be reduced to 0.06Bq/g and with
Under.
Preferably, metallic catalyst is any one of copper catalyst, iron catalyst.
When carrying out catalytic treatment to radioactivity waste oil, it should be ensured that radioactivity waste oil and oxygen, metallic catalyst fill
Tap is touched, that is, metallic catalyst both contacts with fluid, is also contacted with oxygen so that catalytic effect is apparent, therefore, into
When row catalytic treatment, need routinely to be stirred radioactivity waste oil.
Preferably, copper catalyst be copper wire or copper mesh or copper rod, copper wire or copper mesh or copper rod relative to copper billet or
Copper coin has the specific surface area of bigger, also can more be contacted with fluid, air.
The main purpose of filtration treatment several times of step S03 is the greasy filth precipitation generated in separation catalysis ageing process, with
It handles, is prevented in ion-exchange treatment due to causing exchange resin column to be blocked there are greasy filth precipitation conducive to subsequent ion exchange
Plug.Certainly, in order to improve efficiency, filtering that can be in a manner of suction filtration in alternative steps S03, when suction filtration also includes taking out several times
Filter is handled, and the filtering accuracy that last time filters is 1 μ.The waste oil after catalysis aging was carried out by filtering processing realization
Filter, separation are catalyzed the greasy filth precipitation generated in ageing process.
In step S04, ion-exchange treatment is realized and carries out ion level to the radionuclide of the second fluid intermediate ion state
Filtering further removes the radionuclide in the second fluid.
Preferably, ion-exchange treatment uses cation exchange resin, mainly due to after treatment, radionuclide
It is predominantly cationic.Specifically, the model GR2.0 of cation exchange resin, full name in English：GRAVEX GR-2-0NG(H).
If after ion-exchange treatment, obtain third fluid, if the activity concentration of third fluid still above
Third fluid must be then back in step S02 by 0.1Bq/g, carry out catalytic treatment, filtering, ion exchange circulation step,
Until activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, the amount of radioactive residue when further decreasing subsequent combustion.
Preferably, before carrying out acid oxidase processing to the solution oil-control of step S05, first solution oil-control is carried out at removing impurity by means of precipitation
Reason avoids subsequent combustion from solving oil-control in the process and blocks burning to remove the solid wastes such as the calcium carbonate, the gelatin that solve and contain in oil-control
Stove and may cause alarm blowing out.Usually, time of repose at least for 24 hours, the object for then taking supernatant to be handled as acid oxidase.
In the present invention, acid oxidase processing refers to handling the solution oil-control after removing impurity by means of precipitation using acid solution so that solution
Organic matter and grease are removed in oil-control, avoid serious carbon distribution occur when burning and reducing the service life of combustion furnace.
Specifically, oil-control will be solved using oil pump or is evacuated in acid oxidase slot by the solution oil-control of removing impurity by means of precipitation, to sour oxygen
Change the sulfuric acid of implantation quality score >=95% in slot, the addition of sulfuric acid is solve oil-control quality 5% or so, then 55~75
1~3h is stirred to react at DEG C.
In the present invention, alkali cleaning processing refers to washing away acid oxidase using lye in rinsing bowl treated that solution oil-control carries out
Washing, so that solution oil-control becomes neutral from acidity.Preferably, lye is sodium hydroxide solution, and additive amount is solution oil-control matter
10% or so of amount, wash temperature are 60~100 DEG C, wash 30~60min, are washed in such a way that distribution is repeatedly washed
It washs, the pH value of oil-control to be solved reaches neutrality.It is handled by alkali cleaning, acid solution oil-control is avoided to enter in combustion furnace to burning
Furnace apparatus causes to corrode.
In order to realize completely burned, the combustion utilization efficiency of solution oil-control is improved, the present invention is in burning using spray burning
Mode.
Preferably, to alkali cleaning treated solution oil-control carry out spray burning before, further include using diesel oil to solution oil-control carry out
The step of dilution, improves atomizing effect, reaches clean-burning purpose by dilution.
Million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process provided by the invention, the work with the following aspects
With：
(1) it realizes making full use of for waste resource, reduces the waste of the energy；
(2) so that radioactivity waste oil accumulation tails off, parking space is saved；
(3) nuclear power plant's combustibles are eliminated and stores the security risk brought；
(4) waste oil is solved directly to burn pollution on the environment.
More effectively to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, illustrate million kilowatt of the present invention below by multiple embodiments
Nuclear power plant's Spent Radioactive oil treatment process.
Embodiment 1
A kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process, includes the following steps：
(1) certain nuclear power plant is stored to radioactivity waste oil (the radioactivity waste oil in the storage tank of 3 years Spent Radioactive oil tanks
For the lubricating oil containing radionuclide) be stirred until homogeneous after take 1000mL, detect its activity concentration, testing result is such as
Shown in table 1；
(2) the radioactivity waste oil that step (1) obtains is heated to 160 DEG C, while to thin copper that purity is 99.9% or more
Silk screen be polishing to smooth, and processed thin copper wire is then laid in Spent Radioactive oil meter face so that thin copper wire net with put
Penetrating property waste oil contacts with each other without being completely covered by filtrate, and radioactivity waste oil and thin copper wire net are exposed in air, and is used
Mixing plant is persistently stirred fluid, maintains Spent Radioactive oil temperature at 160 DEG C and stirs 7 days, obtains the first fluid；
(3) four suction filtrations are carried out to the first fluid, it is 80 μ to filter organic filter paper filtering accuracy for using for the first time, second
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy that uses of filtering is 40 μ, and it is 10 μ to filter the organic filter paper filtering accuracy used for the third time, the 4th
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy used that filters is 1 μ, obtains the second fluid, the radioactive activity for detecting second fluid is dense
Degree, concrete outcome are as shown in table 1；
(4) it uses the second fluid of cation exchange resin column pair of model GR2.0 to carry out ion-exchange treatment, obtains the
Three fluid, carry out the third fluid detection of activity concentration, and testing result is as shown in table 1；
(5) third fluid is stood for 24 hours, then supernatant is transferred in acid oxidase slot with oil pump, into acid oxidase slot
The sulfuric acid that implantation quality score is 98%, and 5% that the sulfuric acid quality injected is supernatant quality, in about 60 DEG C of condition of temperature
Lower stirring makes it react 1h, and oil solution becomes dark-brown at this time, takes supernatant；
(6) supernatant that step (5) obtains is transferred in rinsing bowl with oil pump, is added and accounts in three times into rinsing bowl
The sodium hydroxide solution of clear liquid quality 10%, and supernatant is heated to 90 DEG C, each reaction 30min, it is stood after each reaction
30min then detects acid-base value using pH test paper, when detection to pH value is neutral, stops washing, continues heating so that remaining
Moisture evaporation is fallen；
(7) discarded diesel oil is added in the obtained fluid into step (6), and stirs evenly so that oil viscosity is
When 11.5mPas, fluid is transferred in combustion furnace, carries out spray burning heat supply.
Indices parameter during Spent Radioactive oil processing in 1 embodiment 1 of table
Embodiment 2
A kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process, includes the following steps：
(1) certain nuclear power plant is stored to radioactivity waste oil (the radioactivity waste oil in the storage tank of 3 years Spent Radioactive oil tanks
For the hydraulic oil containing radionuclide) be stirred until homogeneous after take 1000mL, detect its activity concentration, testing result is such as
Shown in table 2；
(2) the radioactivity waste oil that step (1) obtains is heated to 160 DEG C, while to thin copper that purity is 99.9% or more
Silk screen be polishing to smooth, and processed thin copper wire is then laid in Spent Radioactive oil meter face so that thin copper wire net with put
Penetrating property waste oil contacts with each other without being completely covered by filtrate, and radioactivity waste oil and thin copper wire net are exposed in air, and is used
Mixing plant is persistently stirred fluid, maintains Spent Radioactive oil temperature at 160 DEG C and stirs 12 days, obtains the first oil
Liquid；
(3) four suction filtrations are carried out to the first fluid, it is 80 μ to filter organic filter paper filtering accuracy for using for the first time, second
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy that uses of filtering is 40 μ, and it is 10 μ to filter the organic filter paper filtering accuracy used for the third time, the 4th
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy used that filters is 1 μ, obtains the second fluid, the radioactive activity for detecting second fluid is dense
Degree, concrete outcome are as shown in table 2；
(4) it uses the second fluid of cation exchange resin column pair of model GR2.0 to carry out ion-exchange treatment, obtains the
Three fluid, carry out the third fluid detection of activity concentration, and testing result is as shown in table 2；
(5) third fluid is stood for 24 hours, then supernatant is transferred in acid oxidase slot with oil pump, into acid oxidase slot
The sulfuric acid that implantation quality score is 98%, and 5% that the sulfuric acid quality injected is supernatant quality, under conditions of 65 DEG C of temperature
Stirring makes it react 1h, and oil solution becomes dark-brown at this time, takes supernatant；
(6) supernatant that step (5) obtains is transferred in rinsing bowl with oil pump, is added and accounts in three times into rinsing bowl
The sodium hydroxide solution of clear liquid quality 10%, and supernatant is heated to 90 DEG C, each reaction 30min, it is stood after each reaction
30min then detects acid-base value using pH test paper, when detection to pH value is neutral, stops washing, continues heating so that remaining
Moisture evaporation is fallen；
(7) discarded diesel oil is added in the obtained fluid into step (6), and stirs evenly so that oil viscosity is
When 14.4mPas, fluid is transferred in combustion furnace, carries out spray burning heat supply.
Indices parameter during Spent Radioactive oil processing in 2 embodiment 2 of table
| Project | Cs-137 | Co-60 | γ |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) before processing | 1.323 | 2.914 | 4.237 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after suction filtration | 0.856 | 1.014 | 1.87 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after ion exchange | 0.04158 | 0.0471 | 0.08868 |
| Gross decontamination factor | 31.82 | 61.87 | 47.779 |
Embodiment 3
A kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process, includes the following steps：
(1) certain nuclear power plant is stored to radioactivity waste oil (the radioactivity waste oil in the storage tank of 3 years Spent Radioactive oil tanks
For the lubricating oil containing radionuclide) be stirred until homogeneous after take 1000mL, detect its activity concentration, testing result is such as
Shown in table 3；
(2) the radioactivity waste oil that step (1) obtains is heated to 160 DEG C, while to thin copper that purity is 99.9% or more
Silk screen be polishing to smooth, and processed thin copper wire is then laid in Spent Radioactive oil meter face so that thin copper wire net with put
Penetrating property waste oil contacts with each other without being completely covered by filtrate, and radioactivity waste oil and thin copper wire net are exposed in air, and is used
Mixing plant is persistently stirred fluid, maintains Spent Radioactive oil temperature at 160 DEG C and stirs 12 days, obtains the first oil
Liquid；
(3) four suction filtrations are carried out to the first fluid, it is 80 μ to filter organic filter paper filtering accuracy for using for the first time, second
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy that uses of filtering is 40 μ, and it is 10 μ to filter the organic filter paper filtering accuracy used for the third time, the 4th
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy used that filters is 1 μ, obtains the second fluid, the radioactive activity for detecting second fluid is dense
Degree, concrete outcome are as shown in table 3；
(4) it uses the second fluid of cation exchange resin column pair of model GR2.0 to carry out ion-exchange treatment, obtains the
Three fluid, carry out the third fluid detection of activity concentration, and testing result is as shown in table 3；
(5) third fluid is stood for 24 hours, then supernatant is transferred in acid oxidase slot with oil pump, into acid oxidase slot
The sulfuric acid that implantation quality score is 98%, and 5% that the sulfuric acid quality injected is supernatant quality, in about 60 DEG C of condition of temperature
Lower stirring makes it react 1h, and oil solution becomes dark-brown at this time, takes supernatant；
(6) supernatant that step (5) obtains is transferred in rinsing bowl with oil pump, is added and accounts in three times into rinsing bowl
The sodium hydroxide solution of clear liquid quality 10%, and supernatant is heated to 90 DEG C, each reaction 30min, it is stood after each reaction
30min then detects acid-base value using pH test paper, when detection to pH value is neutral, stops washing, continues heating so that remaining
Moisture evaporation is fallen；
(7) discarded diesel oil is added in the obtained fluid into step (6), and stirs evenly so that oil viscosity is
When 10.4mPas, fluid is transferred in combustion furnace, carries out spray burning heat supply.
Indices parameter during Spent Radioactive oil processing in 3 embodiment 3 of table
| Project | Cs-137 | Co-60 | γ |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) before processing | 1.5741 | 2.789 | 4.3631 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after suction filtration | 0.701 | 1.418 | 2.119 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after ion exchange | 0.0745 | 0.0621 | 0.1366 |
| Gross decontamination factor | 21.13 | 44.9 | 31.94 |
Embodiment 4
A kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process, includes the following steps：
(1) certain nuclear power plant is stored to radioactivity waste oil (the radioactivity waste oil in the storage tank of 3 years Spent Radioactive oil tanks
For the lubricating oil containing radionuclide) be stirred until homogeneous after take 1000mL, detect its activity concentration, testing result is such as
Shown in table 4；
(2) the radioactivity waste oil that step (1) obtains is heated to 160 DEG C, while to thin copper that purity is 99.9% or more
Silk screen be polishing to smooth, and processed thin copper wire is then laid in Spent Radioactive oil meter face so that thin copper wire net with put
Penetrating property waste oil contacts with each other without being completely covered by filtrate, and radioactivity waste oil and thin copper wire net are exposed in air, and is used
Mixing plant is persistently stirred fluid, maintains Spent Radioactive oil temperature at 160 DEG C and stirs 12 days, obtains the first oil
Liquid；
(3) four suction filtrations are carried out to the first fluid, it is 80 μ to filter organic filter paper filtering accuracy for using for the first time, second
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy that uses of filtering is 40 μ, and it is 10 μ to filter the organic filter paper filtering accuracy used for the third time, the 4th
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy used that filters is 1 μ, obtains the second fluid, the radioactive activity for detecting second fluid is dense
Degree, concrete outcome are as shown in table 4；
(4) it uses the second fluid of cation exchange resin column pair of model GR2.0 to carry out ion-exchange treatment, obtains the
Three fluid, carry out the third fluid detection of activity concentration, and testing result is as shown in table 4；
(5) third fluid is stood for 24 hours, then supernatant is transferred in acid oxidase slot with oil pump, into acid oxidase slot
The sulfuric acid that implantation quality score is 98%, and 5% that the sulfuric acid quality injected is supernatant quality, in about 60 DEG C of condition of temperature
Lower stirring makes it react 1h, and oil solution becomes dark-brown at this time, takes supernatant；
(6) supernatant that step (5) obtains is transferred in rinsing bowl with oil pump, is added and accounts in three times into rinsing bowl
The sodium hydroxide solution of clear liquid quality 10%, and supernatant is heated to 90 DEG C, each reaction 30min, it is stood after each reaction
30min then detects acid-base value using pH test paper, when detection to pH value is neutral, stops washing, continues heating so that remaining
Moisture evaporation is fallen；
(7) discarded diesel oil is added in the obtained fluid into step (6), and stirs evenly so that oil viscosity is
When 12.1mPas, fluid is transferred in combustion furnace, carries out spray burning heat supply.
Indices parameter during Spent Radioactive oil processing in 4 embodiment 4 of table
| Project | Cs-137 | Co-60 | γ |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) before processing | 1.501 | 2.916 | 4.417 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after suction filtration | 0.816 | 1.54 | 2.356 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after ion exchange | 0.0657 | 0.0804 | 0.1461 |
| Gross decontamination factor | 22.85 | 36.27 | 30.23 |
Embodiment 5
A kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process, includes the following steps：
(1) certain nuclear power plant is stored to radioactivity waste oil (the radioactivity waste oil in the storage tank of 3 years Spent Radioactive oil tanks
For the lubricating oil containing radionuclide) be stirred until homogeneous after take 1000mL, detect its activity concentration, testing result is such as
Shown in table 5；
(2) the radioactivity waste oil that step (1) obtains is heated to 140 DEG C, while to thin copper that purity is 99.9% or more
Silk screen be polishing to smooth, and processed thin copper wire is then laid in Spent Radioactive oil meter face so that thin copper wire net with put
Penetrating property waste oil contacts with each other without being completely covered by filtrate, and radioactivity waste oil and thin copper wire net are exposed in air, and is used
Mixing plant is persistently stirred fluid, maintains Spent Radioactive oil temperature at 140 DEG C and stirs 12 days, obtains the first oil
Liquid；
(3) four suction filtrations are carried out to the first fluid, it is 80 μ to filter organic filter paper filtering accuracy for using for the first time, second
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy that uses of filtering is 40 μ, and it is 10 μ to filter the organic filter paper filtering accuracy used for the third time, the 4th
The secondary organic filter paper filtering accuracy used that filters is 1 μ, obtains the second fluid, the radioactive activity for detecting second fluid is dense
Degree, concrete outcome are as shown in table 5；
(4) it uses the second fluid of cation exchange resin column pair of model GR2.0 to carry out ion-exchange treatment, obtains the
Three fluid, carry out the third fluid detection of activity concentration, and testing result is as shown in table 5；
(5) third fluid is stood for 24 hours, then supernatant is transferred in acid oxidase slot with oil pump, into acid oxidase slot
The sulfuric acid that implantation quality score is 98%, and 5% that the sulfuric acid quality injected is supernatant quality, in about 60 DEG C of condition of temperature
Lower stirring makes it react 1h, and oil solution becomes dark-brown at this time, takes supernatant；
(6) supernatant that step (5) obtains is transferred in rinsing bowl with oil pump, is added and accounts in three times into rinsing bowl
The sodium hydroxide solution of clear liquid quality 10%, and supernatant is heated to 90 DEG C, each reaction 30min, it is stood after each reaction
30min then detects acid-base value using pH test paper, when detection to pH value is neutral, stops washing, continues heating so that remaining
Moisture evaporation is fallen；
(7) discarded diesel oil is added in the obtained fluid into step (6), and stirs evenly so that oil viscosity is
When 9.8mPas, fluid is transferred in combustion furnace, carries out spray burning heat supply.
Indices parameter during Spent Radioactive oil processing in 5 embodiment 5 of table
| Project | Cs-137 | Co-60 | γ |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) before processing | 1.541 | 2.856 | 4.397 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after suction filtration | 0.841 | 1.64 | 2.481 |
| Activity concentration (Bq/g) after ion exchange | 0.0615 | 0.0782 | 0.1397 |
| Gross decontamination factor | 25.057 | 36.52 | 31.47 |
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc. made by within refreshing and principle should all include within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process, it is characterised in that：It at least includes the following steps：
The activity concentration of step S01. detection radioactivity waste oil, if activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, directly as
Solution oil-control enters step S05, if activity concentration ＞ 0.1Bq/g, carry out step S02；
Step S02. is more than 0.1Bq/g in the case where having oxygen atmosphere and heating condition, using metallic catalyst to activity concentration
The radioactivity waste oil carry out catalytic treatment, obtain the first fluid；
Step S03. carries out filtration treatment several times to first fluid, obtains the second fluid；
Step S04. carries out ion-exchange treatment to second fluid, obtains third fluid, detects putting for the third fluid
Penetrating property activity concentration is directly entered step S05 if activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g as solution oil-control；If radioactivity is lived
Concentration ＞ 0.1Bq/g are spent, then circulation step S02~S04 to activity concentration≤0.1Bq/g, solution oil-control is obtained, into step
Rapid S05；
Step S05. carries out acid oxidase processing successively to the solution oil-control, alkali cleaning is handled, and neutral fluid is obtained, by the neutral oil
Liquid, which is placed in combustion furnace, carries out combustion heat supplying.
2. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to urge
When changing processing, the radioactivity waste oil is heated to 135~165 DEG C, catalysis time is 7~15 days.
3. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gold
Metal catalyst is any one of copper catalyst, iron catalyst.
4. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The copper
Catalyst is copper wire.
5. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described to urge
When changing processing, the radioactivity waste oil is heated to 140~160 DEG C, the time of catalytic treatment is 12~14 days.
6. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to urge
When changing processing, it need to continue to stir, the radioactivity waste oil is made to be come into full contact with oxygen, metallic catalyst.
7. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The acid
Oxidation processes are the solution oil-control to be placed in acid oxidase slot, and the sulfuric acid that mass fraction is 95% or more is added, and are heated to
55~75 DEG C, react 1~3h so that the organic matter and grease contained in the solution oil-control is removed.
8. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The alkali
Processing is washed to be washed to the fluid that acid oxidase is handled using lye, wash temperature is 60~100 DEG C, washing to fluid
PH is neutrality.
9. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The acid
It further include removing impurity by means of precipitation processing before oxidation processes.
10. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as claimed in claim 9, feature exist：It is described heavy
Removal of impurities processing form sediment to stand at least for 24 hours the solution oil-control, to remove the impurity contained in the solution oil-control.
11. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Further include the steps that being diluted to the solution oil-control that the alkali cleaning is handled using diesel oil before combustion heat supplying.
12. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
It is to be passed through air into the radioactivity waste oil or be passed through oxygen to have oxygen atmosphere.
13. million kilowatt nuclear power factory Spent Radioactive oil treatment process as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The combustion system of combustion heat supplying is spray burning.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109859876A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-06-07 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of Spent Radioactive machine oil Radionuclide separation method |
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