CN108593769A - Utilize the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method of multi-way contral elastic wave - Google Patents
Utilize the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method of multi-way contral elastic wave Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of normalized signal exciting lossless detection methods using multi-way contral elastic wave, include the following steps：Determine the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the calibration maximum value and minimum value for impacting amplitude of elastic wave；Test block is tested, first sensor receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, second sensor receives elastic wave signal, first sensor, second sensor are connected on the different channels of the binary channels test equipment with jump bit and first sensor is connect with jump bit, and first sensor, second sensor are located on the same test surfaces；Calculate jump bit and the time of contact of test surfaces and the impact amplitude of elastic wave；It rejects not in the interior data of calibration range；Integrating superposition is carried out to data and extracts the reception signal of second sensor interface channel out；Extraction signal is analyzed.Using the method increase the stability of test data, consistency and accuracys.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to construction quality safety detection technology fields, and in particular to a kind of using multi-way contral elastic wave
Normalized signal exciting lossless detection method.
Background technology
Possible certain reasons cause its quality to go wrong in each construction process or during use, in order to look into
The quality condition for seeing these concealed works, under the premise ofs not destroying by the original physical state of geodesic structure, chemical property etc., we
General preferable using the technology of non-destructive testing, existing non-destructive testing technology includes that ultrasonic examination method, rebound method, shock wave rebound are comprehensive
The advantages such as legal etc., our common impact elasticity wave methods have testing efficiency high, and measuring distance is remote, and test result is accurate and reliable,
But there are also the disadvantages of impact elasticity wave method oneself.
Impact elasticity wave is usually to be fallen with certain altitude using impact hand hammer, strikes on structured testing face, generates punching
Elastic wave is hit, sensor is recycled to receive elastic wave signal.When being tapped using hand hammer, the hand hammer of different quality can generate
The impact elasticity wave of different frequency characteristic, small hard hammer the elastic wave that can generate high frequency into shape, and opposite big hard hammer can generate low
The elastic wave of frequency, the i.e. time of contact with hammer and target have apparent relationship.When steel ball is hit, rigid ball and test object
Time of contact TcIt can be expressed as：
Wherein, TcUnit be s,δ indicates the parameter of material, and E is deformation modulus, unit：Pa(N/m2), μ
For Poisson's ratio.
Subscript 1 indicates strike sphere, stainless steel sphere E1：196GPa, μ1：0.3；Subscript 2 indicates subject material；
m1：The quality of exciting sphere, unit：Kg,
R1：The radius of exciting sphere, unit：M is known parameters
v0：Exciting sphere and speed when semi-infinite body material impacts, unit：M/s is known parameters
G=9.80m/s2, H is the height of drop of exciting sphere, unit m.
Its impact process is as shown in Figure 1, frequency-domain transform such as Fig. 2.Therefore, accumulation signal and caused free running frequency
Relationship is as follows：
By formula 1 and formula 2 it is found that when hand hammer height of fall is inconsistent, either taps dynamics cause not of uniform size or tap
When occurring situations such as structured testing face is irregular, out-of-flatness, the ingredient for tapping the elastic wave frequency rate of generation, amplitude and wave is equal
It can have greatly changed, and these variations are detrimental to our tests, the stability of test data and accurate can be caused
Property reduce.
Invention content
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention provides a kind of normalized signal using multi-way contral elastic wave sharp
Shake lossless detection method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Using the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method of multi-way contral elastic wave, include the following steps：
A, the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the calibration maximum value and minimum value for impacting amplitude of elastic wave are determined；
B, test block is tested, first sensor receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, and second sensor receives
Elastic wave signal, wherein first sensor, second sensor are connected to the difference of the binary channels test equipment with jump bit
On channel and first sensor is connect with jump bit, and first sensor, second sensor are located on the same test surfaces；
C, the time of contact that jump bit and test surfaces are calculated according to the signal of first sensor, according to the letter of second sensor
Number calculate elastic wave impact amplitude；
D, it rejects not in the interior data of calibration range；
E, integrating superposition is carried out to data and extracts the reception signal of second sensor interface channel out；
F, extraction signal is analyzed.
This programme is normalized test number by demarcating maximum value and calibration minimum value, solves the prior art
The unstable problems of parameters such as middle signal wavelength and the amplitude for leading to test because of the influence of artificial or extraneous factor, improve test data
Stability, consistency and accuracy.Existing conventional method for normalizing is to carry out processing to data itself to reach normalized
Purpose, even if after processing or can there is a situation where undesirable, measuring accuracy is low；And this programme method for normalizing is i.e. logical
Cross two parameters and determine a just too probability distribution, the storage in range, not rejecting, it is follow-up without to data
Reason not only saves and accelerates data processing speed, and the data acquired meet the requirements, and improve measuring accuracy.
Preferably, step A is specially：
A1, standard component is tested, first sensor receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, and second sensor receives
Elastic wave signal, wherein first sensor, second sensor are connected to the difference of the binary channels test equipment with jump bit
On channel and first sensor is connect with jump bit, and first sensor, second sensor are located on the same test surfaces；
A2, the time of contact that jump bit and test surfaces are calculated according to the signal of first sensor, according to second sensor
Signal calculates the impact amplitude of elastic wave；
A3, be repeated several times step A1, A2 obtain the time of contact of multigroup jump bit and test surfaces, elastic wave impact amplitude
Nominal data, determine time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, elastic wave impact amplitude calibration maximum value and minimum value.
Further, step A3 is specially：
Obtain the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the nominal data for impacting amplitude of elastic wave；
Calculate the mean value and standard deviation and the impact amplitude for calculating elastic wave of the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces
Mean value and standard deviation；
Determine normalization range f, wherein f is [(P-K σ)~(P+K σ)], the time of contact or impact amplitude that P is
Average value；σ is time of contact obtained by calibrating or impacts the standard deviation of amplitude；K is constant.
Preferably, being analyzed extraction signal using correlation analysis, fft analysis, MEM analysis methods.
Further include the calibration maximum value and minimum value and according to calibration maximum value and minimum value of determining elastic wave relevant parameter
Elastic wave relevant parameter is normalized.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages and advantages：
1, the present invention is normalized test number using calibration numerical value, solves in the prior art because artificial or outer
Boundary factor influences to lead to the unstable problems of parameters such as signal wavelength and the amplitude of test, improve test data stability, one
Cause property and accuracy.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes one of the application
Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is that hand hammer falls rear impact and the relational graph of time.
Fig. 2 is that hand hammer falls rear frequency-domain transform figure.
Equipment mounting structure schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is test.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, do not make
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Using the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method of multi-way contral elastic wave, include the following steps：
A, the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the calibration maximum value and minimum value for impacting amplitude of elastic wave are determined；
B, test block is tested, first sensor 1 receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, and second sensor 2 connects
By elastic wave signal, wherein first sensor, second sensor are connected to the binary channels test equipment with jump bit not
With on channel and first sensor is connect with jump bit, first sensor, second sensor are located on the same test surfaces；
C, the time of contact that jump bit and test surfaces are calculated according to the signal of first sensor, according to the letter of second sensor
Number calculate elastic wave impact amplitude；
D, it rejects not in the interior data of calibration range；
E, integrating superposition is carried out to data and extracts the reception signal of second sensor interface channel out；
F, extraction signal is analyzed.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment refines its each step on the basis of above-described embodiment principle.
A, the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the calibration maximum value and minimum value for impacting amplitude of elastic wave are determined,
The step can be measured and be obtained, normalization range can be also determined by standard.Specifically measuring the method and step obtained is：
A1, standard component is tested：First sensor receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, and second sensor receives
Elastic wave signal, wherein as shown in figure 3, first sensor, second sensor are connected to the test of the binary channels with jump bit
On the different channels of equipment and first sensor is connect with jump bit, and first sensor, second sensor are located at the same survey
On examination face；
A2, the time of contact that jump bit and test surfaces are calculated according to the signal of first sensor, according to second sensor
Signal calculates the impact amplitude of elastic wave；Claimed range is provided for later stage normalization acquisition, by formula 2 it is found that when obtaining contact
Between can calculate the elastic wave frequency rate of jump bit exciting；
A3, be repeated several times step A1, A2 obtain the time of contact of multigroup jump bit and test surfaces, elastic wave impact amplitude
Nominal data；
Calculate the mean value and standard deviation and the impact amplitude for calculating elastic wave of the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces
Mean value and standard deviation；
Determine normalization range f, wherein f is [(P-K σ)~(P+K σ)], the time of contact or impact amplitude that P is
Average value；σ is time of contact obtained by calibrating or impacts the standard deviation of amplitude；K is constant, is reacted to signal homogeneity
It is required that degree.
Determine the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the calibration maximum value and minimum value for impacting amplitude of elastic wave；
B, test block is tested, first sensor receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, and second sensor receives
Elastic wave signal, wherein first sensor, second sensor are connected to the difference of the binary channels test equipment with jump bit
On channel and first sensor is connect with jump bit, and first sensor, second sensor are located on the same test surfaces；
C, the time of contact that jump bit and test surfaces are calculated according to the signal of first sensor, according to the letter of second sensor
Number calculate elastic wave impact amplitude；
D, it rejects not in the interior data of calibration range, specifically, working as both time of contact or impact amplitude of acquisition simultaneously
It is just qualified data when in calibration range, otherwise rejects.By normalizing the initial data of sets requirement acquisition, by whole symbols
Normalized parameter sets requirement is closed, data are more stable, consistent and accurate.
E, integrating superposition is carried out to data and extracts the reception signal of second sensor interface channel out；
F, using correlation analysis, fft analysis, that is, fast Fourier analysis, MEM analyses i.e. maximum entropy method (MEM) analysis method to taking out
Go out signal to be analyzed to obtain by the size of geodesic structure and internal flaw situation.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment discloses the concrete application of one group of above-described embodiment, i.e., tests the test block of 0.3m.
Using the method for above-described embodiment step A, first sensor, jump bit are connected to the 0 of binary channels test equipment
Second sensor, is connected to 1 channel of binary channels test equipment by channel, and two sensors are located on the same test surfaces repeatedly right
Tender is tested to obtain nominal data.
Nominal data is parsed, calculation contact time, the mean value and standard deviation for impacting amplitude determine normalization sets requirement
Range, herein K values take 1, then time of contact minimum value be 0.26, maximum value 0.418, impact amplitude minimums be 22.884,
Maximum value is 24.456, such as the following table 1, wherein the average value of time of contact and amplitude is respectively 0.339,23.670, standard deviation
Respectively 0.079,0.786, the coefficient of variation is respectively 0.232,0.033.
Table 1
Input " time of contact " and " impact amplitude " maximum value and minimum value.
When testing test block, equally using the above structure and status requirement, first sensor, the second sensing are utilized
Device is acquired test block data, acquires both time of contact or impact amplitude of signal while meeting sets requirement range
When, data are stored in computer, and when the two one is unsatisfactory for sets requirement range, stop data save operation.
Collected data are subjected to integrating superposition and extract 1 channel receiving signal out.
The analyses such as related, FFT and MEM are carried out to extraction signal, are obtained as a result, as shown in table 2 below, wherein optimal result,
The average value of related resolution, MEM parsings and FFT parsings is respectively 0.302,0,0.302,0.303, and standard deviation is respectively
0.001,0.00,0.00,0.00, integrating is averagely respectively 0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000, and optimal result is respectively
0.302、0.000、0.302、0.303。
Table 2
Table 3
Table 3 is the data results that setting acquisition is not normalized, and standard deviation 0.016 tests optimal knot
Fruit is 0.292m, it is found that the data analysis result of normalization setting acquisition is more stablized, standard deviation is only 0.001, is surveyed for comparison
Examination optimal result is 0.302m, closer to actual value.
Further include the calibration maximum value and minimum value and according to calibration maximum value and minimum value of determining elastic wave relevant parameter
Elastic wave relevant parameter is normalized.Elastic wave relevant parameter is more, such as exciting wavelength, frequency, receive wave wavelength,
Frequency, velocity of wave, vibration period of test object, duration, acceleration etc..
Above-described specific implementation mode has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect
It is described in detail, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely the specific implementation mode of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. utilizing the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method of multi-way contral elastic wave, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
A, the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the calibration maximum value and minimum value for impacting amplitude of elastic wave are determined；
B, test block is tested, first sensor receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, and second sensor receives elasticity
Wave signal, wherein first sensor, second sensor are connected to the different channels of the binary channels test equipment with jump bit
Upper and first sensor is connect with jump bit, and first sensor, second sensor are located on the same test surfaces；
C, the time of contact that jump bit and test surfaces are calculated according to the signal of first sensor, according to the signal meter of second sensor
Calculate the impact amplitude of elastic wave；
D, it rejects not in the interior data of calibration range；
E, integrating superposition is carried out to data and extracts the reception signal of second sensor interface channel out；
F, extraction signal is analyzed.
2. the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method according to claim 1 using multi-way contral elastic wave,
It is characterized in that, step A is specially：
A1, standard component is tested, first sensor receives the signal of jump bit exciting generation, and second sensor receives elasticity
Wave signal, wherein first sensor, second sensor are connected to the different channels of the binary channels test equipment with jump bit
Upper and first sensor is connect with jump bit, and first sensor, second sensor are located on the same test surfaces；
A2, the time of contact that jump bit and test surfaces are calculated according to the signal of first sensor, according to the signal of second sensor
Calculate the impact amplitude of elastic wave；
A3, be repeated several times step A1, A2 obtain the time of contact of multigroup jump bit and test surfaces, elastic wave impact amplitude mark
Fixed number evidence determines the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the calibration maximum value and minimum value for impacting amplitude of elastic wave.
3. the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method according to claim 2 using multi-way contral elastic wave,
It is characterized in that, step A3 is specially：
Obtain the time of contact of jump bit and test surfaces, the nominal data for impacting amplitude of elastic wave；
The mean value and standard deviation of the time of contact of calculating jump bit and test surfaces and the mean value for impacting amplitude for calculating elastic wave
And standard deviation；
Determine normalization range f, wherein f is [(P-K σ)~(P+K σ)], the time of contact or impact the flat of amplitude that P is
Mean value；σ is time of contact obtained by calibrating or impacts the standard deviation of amplitude；K is constant.
4. the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method according to claim 1 using multi-way contral elastic wave,
It is characterized in that, extraction signal is analyzed using correlation analysis, fft analysis, MEM analysis methods.
5. the normalized signal exciting lossless detection method according to claim 1 using multi-way contral elastic wave,
It is characterized in that, further includes the calibration maximum value and minimum value and according to calibration maximum value and minimum value of determining elastic wave relevant parameter
Elastic wave relevant parameter is normalized.
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| CN110346453A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 招商局重庆公路工程检测中心有限公司 | Defect minispread reflection echo rapid detection method in a kind of concrete structure |
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| CN110346453A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 招商局重庆公路工程检测中心有限公司 | Defect minispread reflection echo rapid detection method in a kind of concrete structure |
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