CN108581380A - A kind of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method - Google Patents
A kind of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108581380A CN108581380A CN201810359573.1A CN201810359573A CN108581380A CN 108581380 A CN108581380 A CN 108581380A CN 201810359573 A CN201810359573 A CN 201810359573A CN 108581380 A CN108581380 A CN 108581380A
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- curved surface
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
A kind of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method, belongs to accurate sheet metal processing field, it is suitable for forming dimension precision, type face precision and the higher aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member of surface quality requirements.The method of the present invention is as follows：1. designing and producing aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mold, flanging bore flanging die and the hot flanging die of right side window；2. calculating blank shape size and carrying out blanking；3. top abnormal curved surface hot forming；4. removal process allowance simultaneously opens flange hole flanging bottom outlet and flange window flange front window；5. flanging bore flanging forming；6. bending edges bending and forming；7. the hot flanging forming of window.The method of the present invention can overcome the poor part integrity of prior art processing, form accuracy control difficulty or the higher disadvantage of cost, be effective to ensure that the precision form of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bent manufacturing process of abnormity, especially a kind of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision modeling
Property manufacturing process, belongs to accurate sheet metal processing field.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is because having excellent performance, in fields such as aerospace, rail traffic, weaponrys using very
Extensively.In aerospace field, the integration of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member product, light weight degree are higher and higher,
The accuracy of manufacture requires also higher and higher.In sheet forming field, aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member is often with manufacturing method master
There are two kinds of cold-press moulding and superplastic forming.Not only dimensional accuracy is difficult to reach requirement cold-press moulding, and type face precision is also difficult to control
System, usually follow-up to need a large amount of manual school shape, forming period is long, and the defects of easy to produce rebound, corrugation and cracking.It is super
Modeling manufacturing process is limited by design of part feature, and aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member superplastic forming is difficult, and mold design is multiple
Miscellaneous, evenness of wall thickness control is difficult, high processing costs, low production efficiency.Therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of rational manufacturing process solution
Problem above.
Invention content
Present invention solves the technical problem that being：It is bent a kind of aluminum alloy complex abnormity has been overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide
Face structural member precision plastic forming method, it can overcome, and the part integrity of prior art processing is poor, form accuracy control is difficult
Or the higher disadvantage of cost, it is effective to ensure that the precision form of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member.
Technical solution of the invention is：
S1, the aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structure member design aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mould shaped as needed
Tool, the first mold for flange hole flanging and the second mold for window flange；
S2 determines the size of required blank and outer by the appearance and size of the aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member
Shape simultaneously carries out blanking；
S3, the aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mold described in S1 realize the abnormal curved surface forming；
S4, removes the process allowance of the abnormal curved surface shaped in S3, and opens flange bottom outlet and flange front window on it；
S5, the first mold described in S1 complete all flange hole flangings described in S4 one by one；
S6 carries out twice bending edges bending and forming with Bending Mould；
S7, described in S1 the second mold realize S6 in complete bending and forming after the hot flange of abnormal curved surface right side window at
Shape, final abnormal curved surface structural member forming.
Further, the hot forming of aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface described in S1 mold and the second mold are according to the abnormal curved surface
The size of structural member corresponding site is amplified processing, and the amplification coefficient η of the amplification processing is 3 ‰~5 ‰.
Further, blanking described in S2 is to choose heavy-gauge sheeting in water-jet machine, laser cutting machine tool or numerical control stamping
Blank blanking is carried out on bed.
Further, realize that the method that the abnormal curved surface shapes is described in S3：Aluminium alloy abnormity prepared by S1 is bent
Face hot forming mold is heated to T1, the hot forming mold includes upper die and lower die, the S2 blanks prepared is put in described
Between hot forming upper mould, lower die, upper mold moves gradually downward, speed v1, blank in hot forming mold gradually
Deformation, until upper die and lower die molding is complete, i.e., abnormal curved surface part hot forming finishes at the top of blank.
Further, the T1It is 300~400 DEG C, v1For 0.5~5mm/s.
Further, in the S4 flanging bore and flange bottom outlet a diameter of d1For 12~16mm, the flange window and
Flange front window size is 186 × 118mm, and fillet is 5~15mm.
Further, first mold includes upper die and lower die, and the first mold described in S5 realizes abnormal curved surface forming
Method be：The upper and lower mould of first mold is closed, i.e., upper mold moves close to lower die, and upper mold movement velocity is v2, described
v2For 0.5~2mm/s.
Further, the abnormal curved surface completed to flange in the S5 with limiter in the S6 carries out first time limit,
Complete first time bending；Bending Mould is replaced, after the abnormal curved surface after first time bending is overturn 180 °, is used in combination limiter to institute
It states abnormal curved surface and carries out second of limit, complete second of bending；The first time Bending Mould is R10, second of bender
Tool is R2, and first time restraining position is 94mm, and bending angle is 130 °, and second of restraining position is 10mm, and bending angle is 148 °.
Further, realize that the method that the abnormal curved surface structural member shapes is described in S7：Second mould prepared by S1
Tool is heated to T2, second mold includes upper die and lower die, and the abnormal curved surface that S6 bendings are completed is put in second mold
Between upper die and lower die, upper mold moves gradually downward, speed v3, until upper die and lower die molding is complete.
Further, the T2It is 250~350 DEG C, v3For 0.5~5mm/s.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that：
(1) the aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member that the present invention shapes, good integrity, parts size precision, type face essence
Degree and surface quality are higher；
(2) present invention is using abnormal curved surface at the top of hot forming, can effectively avoid the rebound of part abnormal curved surface, corrugation and
The generation of the defects of cracking；
(3) present invention uses drop stamping rectangular window flange, can effectively avoid the defects of cracking at parts flanged-edge fillet.
(4) present invention uses metal plate bending+hot forming+cold punching hole flanging compound forming technique, and different parts, which are taken, most to be closed
Suitable forming technique can effectively reduce following process amount to the whole precision plastic forming for realizing part, avoid follow-up manual school
Shape improves efficiency, reduces cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is blank schematic diagram needed for aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member；
Fig. 3 is top abnormal curved surface heat pressure forming process schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is part schematic diagram after the abnormal curved surface hot forming of top；
Fig. 5 is that top abnormal curved surface formation of parts removes schematic diagram after process allowance；
Fig. 6 is flanging bore flanging forming process schematic；
Fig. 7 is part schematic diagram after flanging bore flanging forming；
Fig. 8 is part schematic diagram after bending edges bending and forming；
Fig. 9 is the hot flanging forming process schematic of window.
Specific implementation mode
Highly preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member to be shaped, including Complex Different Shape curved surface and in abnormal curved surface
The bending edges and turnup structure of upper distribution.
By taking certain aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member as an example, geomery is shown in that Fig. 1, part material close for 5A06 aluminium
Gold, outer mold surface spatial complex polymorphic structure, three-dimensional dimension are 400 × 340 × 360mm, part wall thickness 1.2mm, mainly by top
Abnormal curved surface 11, top flanging bore 12, right side-overturn side window mouth 13, right side bending edges 14, bottom fold side 15 and right side flange
Hole 16 forms, flange bore dia 20mm, flange height 5mm, flange window flange height 20mm.
Specific implementation mode is carried out by following processing step：
Step 1 determines forming arrangements and technological process according to design of part feature and appearance and size, multiple according to aluminium alloy
Miscellaneous abnormal curved surface structural member appearance and size and Each part feature determine the forming arrangements using a mould two pieces, technological process
For：Abnormal curved surface 11 → scribing line removal process allowance → top flanging bore 12 and right side flanging bore 16 are cold-pressed flange at the top of hot forming
→ right side bending edges 14 and 15 bendings of bottom fold side → 13 hot forming flange of right side-overturn side window mouth；
Step 2 designs shaping dies, designs and produces aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mold, flanging bore flanging die
And the hot flanging die of right side window, wherein aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mold and the hot flanging die of right side window, it
It is amplified processing according to aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member response spot size, amplification coefficient is chosen for 4 ‰；
Step 3, plate cutting, according to aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member appearance and size and a mould two pieces forming side
Case, calculates blank shape size, and geomery is shown in that Fig. 2, maximum appearance and size are 900 × 1000mm, chooses 1.2mm slabs
Material carries out blank blanking on water-jet machine, laser cutting machine tool or numerical control press；
Step 4, plank hot forming：As shown in figure 3, aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface prepared by step 2 design is hot pressed into
Shape mold is heated to 350 DEG C, and blank 23 prepared by step 3 is put between hot forming upper mould 21, lower die 22.Upper mold
21 move gradually downward, and speed 1mm/s, blank 23 gradually deforms in hot forming mold, until upper mold 21 and lower die 22
Molding is complete, i.e., abnormal curved surface part hot forming finishes at the top of blank, and part is shown in Fig. 4 after forming；
Step 5 removes process allowance, after the completion of step 4 as shown in Figure 5, by top abnormal curved surface hot-forming die
It is crossed with model and removes process allowance, and open flange hole flanging bottom outlet and flange window flange front window, flange bottom outlet
Diameter 14mm, flange front window 186 × 118mm of size, fillet 15mm.
The part 34 that step 5 is completed is put in step by step 6, flanging bore flanging forming by flange bottom outlet as shown in Figure 6
Rapid two design between the flanging bore flanging forming mold upper mold 31 prepared, lower die 32, and are fixed by flange fixing installation 33.Upper mold by
It gradually moves downward, speed 1mm/s, the gradual flange in flanging bore flanging forming mold of part 34, until upper mold 32 and lower die
32 moldings complete single flange hole flanging completely, are repeatedly performed remaining flange hole flanging, part is shown in after flanging bore flanging forming
Fig. 7；
Step 7, bending edges bending and forming are chosen R10 Bending Moulds and are mounted on numerical control bender, will complete step 6
The part of flange hole flanging is positioned between bender up and down, and by side against limiter, setting restraining position is 94mm, vertical folding
Curved mould, which is closed, completes bending, and bending angle is 130 °, changes R2 Bending Moulds on numerical control bender, and by 180 ° of fitting turnover
After be positioned over up and down between bender, equally by side against limiter, setting restraining position is 10mm, and upper and lower mould mould is closed completion
Bending, bending angle are 148 °, complete the part after bending edges bending and forming and see Fig. 8；
Step 8, the hot flanging forming of window, the hot flanging forming die of right side window for as shown in Figure 9 preparing step 2 design
Tool be heated to 350 DEG C, step 7 complete bending and forming after part 44 be put in hot flanging forming mold upper mold 41, lower die 42 it
Between, and flanging module 43 is positioned over retaining element 44 on part 44.Upper mold 41 moves gradually downward, speed 1mm/s, part
The gradual flange in hot flanging forming mold, until upper mold 41 and lower die 42 are closed and complete the hot flanging forming of window, after forming
Final part is shown in Fig. 1；
Use aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member dimensional accuracy prepared by the method for ± 0.3mm, type face precision ±
0.5mm, surface roughness Ra 3.2 reduce by 10% than existing method manufacturing cost, and processing efficiency improves 20%.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
S1, the aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structure member design aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mold shaped as needed,
The first mold for flange hole flanging and the second mold for window flange；
S2, by the appearance and size of the aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member determine required blank size and shape simultaneously
Carry out blanking；
S3, the aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mold described in S1 realize the abnormal curved surface forming；
S4, removes the process allowance of the abnormal curved surface shaped in S3, and opens flange bottom outlet and flange front window on it；
S5, the first mold described in S1 complete all flange hole flangings described in S4 one by one；
S6 carries out bending edges bending and forming with Bending Mould；
S7, the second mold described in S1 realize the hot flanging forming of abnormal curved surface right side window completed in S6 after bending and forming,
Final abnormal curved surface structural member forming.
2. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The hot forming of aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface described in S1 mold and the second mold are according to the abnormal curved surface structural member corresponding site
Size is amplified processing, and the amplification coefficient η of the amplification processing is 3 ‰~5 ‰.
3. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Blanking described in S2 is to choose plank to carry out blank blanking on water-jet machine, laser cutting machine tool or numerical control press.
4. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Realize that the method that the abnormal curved surface shapes is described in S3：Aluminium alloy abnormal curved surface hot forming mold heating prepared by S1
To T1, the hot forming mold includes upper die and lower die, S2 prepare blank be put in the hot forming upper mould, under
Between mould, upper mold moves gradually downward, speed v1, blank gradually deforms in hot forming mold, until upper die and lower die
Molding is complete.
5. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The T1It is 300~400 DEG C, v1For 0.5~5mm/s.
6. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
A diameter of d of flanging bore and flange bottom outlet in the S41For 12~16mm, the flange window and flange front window size
For 186 × 118mm, fillet is 5~15mm.
7. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
First mold includes upper die and lower die, and the method that the first mold described in S5 realizes abnormal curved surface forming is：Described first
The upper and lower mould of mold is closed, i.e., upper mold moves close to lower die, and upper mold movement velocity is v2, the v2For 0.5~2mm/s.
8. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The abnormal curved surface completed to flange in the S5 with limiter in the S6 carries out first time limit, completes first time bending；More
Bending Mould is changed, after the abnormal curved surface after first time bending is overturn 180 °, limiter is used in combination to carry out the to the abnormal curved surface
Second of bending is completed in secondary limit；The first time Bending Mould is R10, and second of Bending Mould is R2, is limited for the first time
Position is 94mm, and bending angle is 130 °, and second of restraining position is 10mm, and bending angle is 148 °.
9. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Realize that the method that the abnormal curved surface structural member shapes is described in S7：S1 the second molds prepared are heated to T2, described
Two molds include upper die and lower die, the abnormal curved surface that S6 bendings are completed are put between second upper mould, lower die, upper mold
It moves gradually downward, speed v3, until upper die and lower die molding is complete.
10. aluminum alloy complex abnormal curved surface structural member precision plastic forming method according to claim 9, feature exist
In：The T2It is 250~350 DEG C, v3For 0.5~5mm/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810359573.1A CN108581380B (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Precise plastic forming method for aluminum alloy complex special-shaped curved surface structural part |
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| CN201810359573.1A CN108581380B (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Precise plastic forming method for aluminum alloy complex special-shaped curved surface structural part |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109590383A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-04-09 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of abnormity Sheet Metal Part superplastic forming method |
| CN109604409A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-04-12 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Aluminium alloy abnormity sheet metal component preparation method and processing mold for rail traffic |
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