CN108580050B - Method for floating potassium feldspar under neutral pH value condition - Google Patents
Method for floating potassium feldspar under neutral pH value condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN108580050B CN108580050B CN201810321807.3A CN201810321807A CN108580050B CN 108580050 B CN108580050 B CN 108580050B CN 201810321807 A CN201810321807 A CN 201810321807A CN 108580050 B CN108580050 B CN 108580050B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/002—Inorganic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
- B03B1/04—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated by additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for floating potash feldspar under a neutral pH value condition, which comprises the following steps: crushing and grinding the potash feldspar containing material to prepare potash feldspar ore pulp; adding modified oleic acid and sodium petroleum sulfonate into the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp, and performing flotation to remove iron-containing impurities and mud-containing impurities to obtain ore pulp after impurity removal; adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the ore pulp after impurity removal, and performing roughing to obtain roughed concentrate and roughed tailings; adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the roughed tailings, and carrying out scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; and adding an inhibitor into the roughed concentrate, and carrying out fine selection to obtain the potash feldspar concentrate. The method can realize effective separation of potassium feldspar and quartz under the condition of neutral pH value, has little corrosion to flotation equipment and little pollution to environment, has high potassium feldspar concentrate grade and recovery rate, and can realize separation of K feldspar and quartz2Effectively developing and utilizing the potassium feldspar crude ore with the O content of 7-10%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feldspar flotation, in particular to a method for floating potassium feldspar under a neutral pH value condition.
Background
The feldspar and the quartz are widely distributed, abundant in reserves and multiple in purposes, and can be applied to the fields of building materials, glass ceramics, electronic appliances, refractory materials and the like. For a long time, the exploitation and utilization of feldspar and quartz in China are mainly concentrated on high-quality feldspar and quartz deposits in various places, and a large number of middle-low grade deposits are not effectively developed and utilized, which is mainly related to the development of the mineral separation technology at the present stage.
Feldspar and quartz belong to framework silicate minerals, the structure is similar, so that the physical properties and chemical compositions of the feldspar and the quartz are similar, and the feldspar and the quartz often appear in nature in an intergrowth state, or accompany together, or coexist with other various useful minerals as gangue minerals, and the separation of the feldspar and the quartz is a world problem at present.
At present, three flotation methods are mainly used for separating feldspar and quartz, namely a hydrofluoric acid method, a sulfuric acid method and an acid-free method. The separation effect is better by hydrofluoric acid method and then by sulfuric acid method. The acid-free flotation method means that the pH value of ore pulp is neutral or alkaline in the flotation process, and the ore pulp cannot enter large-scale industrial application until now due to harsh process conditions.
The patent application with publication number CN1261556A discloses a process for treating silica sand, which is suitable for floatation of feldspar-containing silica sand, and is technically characterized in that before feldspar and quartz are separated by floatation, the silica sand is subjected to pre-activation treatment, so that an activator and feldspar quartz particles fully act, and after the pre-activation treatment, the activator is removed, so that the content of the activator in the floatation process is reduced to the minimum degree, and the using amount of a collecting agent can be reduced. The water and the flotation wastewater removed after the pre-activation treatment are respectively recycled, so that the content of fluorine ions in the discharged beneficiation wastewater is 3.0mg/L, and the influence of the fluorine ion-containing wastewater on environmental pollution is solved.
The patent application with publication number CN107185716A discloses a feldspar and quartz flotation separation combined collector under an acidic condition and an application method thereof, the method comprises the steps of grinding, desliming and magnetic separation of feldspar and quartz raw ore, adding sulfuric acid for size mixing until the pH value is 2-5, and then adding butylpyridine hydrochloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate and kerosene combined collector to realize the flotation of feldspar minerals. The method avoids using hydrofluoric acid in the feldspar and quartz flotation separation process, and has the characteristics of high operation safety coefficient and environmental friendliness.
The patent application with publication number CN104785362A discloses a method for optimizing flotation feldspar and quartz from tantalum-niobium ore, the technological process is that tantalum-niobium ore gravity tailings → high-efficiency desliming → flotation lepidolite → flotation feldspar, quartz concentrate is obtained by flotation tailings, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is added as a regulator during feldspar flotation, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid and sodium oxalate are added as activators, dodecylamine or octadecylamine is used as a collecting agent, and the obtained feldspar concentrate K is obtained2O+Na2The O content is more than 9 percent, and the recovery rate is more than 85 percent.
The patent application with publication number CN103736596A discloses an environment-friendly feldspar and quartz flotation separation technology with small environmental pollution degree, which comprises the steps of grinding feldspar and quartz raw ore, pulping, adding sodium carbonate for size mixing, adding N-acyl sarcosine sodium, finally adding one or more of naphthenic acid soap, oxidized paraffin soap, oleic acid and hydroximic acid as a collecting agent, and floating quartz to obtain an in-tank product, namely the feldspar. The medicament used in the method can be naturally degraded, and has low requirements on equipment and low production cost.
The patent application with publication number CN105618271A discloses a method for separating quartz from low-grade potassium-sodium feldspar ore, which comprises the steps of mixing sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to be 8-10, activating the quartz by alkaline earth metal ions of calcium chloride, lime or barium chloride, using sodium dodecyl sulfate, water glass and sodium hexametaphosphate as inhibitors, floating the quartz by using amine collectors such as dodecylamine, octadecylamine and etheramine, and carrying out rough separation, scavenging and fine separation on the low-grade feldspar ore powder to obtain feldspar powder meeting the requirements of the potassium feldspar industry.
Although the methods disclosed in the above patent documents all achieve separation of feldspar and quartz, the following problems are common: (1) the flotation pulp is strong in acidity or alkalinity and has high requirements on corrosion resistance of equipment; (2) the grade and recovery rate index of feldspar ore concentrate are not high; thus, these methods are directed to K abundantly present in nature2The development and utilization of the common feldspar ore with the O content of 7-10% have a plurality of restrictions; the development of the flotation method which can realize effective separation of feldspar and quartz under the condition of neutral pH value, has high feldspar concentrate grade and recovery rate, is low-carbon, environment-friendly and economically feasible has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the existing feldspar and quartz flotation separation technology, the invention provides a method for floating potassium feldspar under a neutral pH value condition, which can realize effective separation of potassium feldspar and quartz under the neutral pH value condition, has little corrosion to flotation equipment and little pollution to the environment, and can obtain potassium feldspar concentrate with high grade and recovery rate, thereby solving the problems of unsatisfactory grade, high impurity content, low flotation recovery rate of the potassium feldspar concentrate and the like in the separation process of the potassium feldspar and the quartz under the neutral pH value condition, and being capable of floating the potassium feldspar concentrate with low recovery rate and the like, and being capable of floating the potassium feldspar under the neutral pH value condition2Effectively developing potassium feldspar crude ore with O content of 7-10%Utilize and obtain K2The potash feldspar concentrate with the O content of 10-14% and the recovery rate of 70-88% meets the requirement of the ceramic industry on the potash feldspar concentrate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for floating potash feldspar under a neutral pH value condition comprises the following steps:
step A, crushing and grinding potassium-containing feldspar materials to prepare potassium-containing feldspar ore slurry;
step B, adding modified oleic acid and sodium petroleum sulfonate into the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp obtained in the step A, and performing flotation to remove iron-containing impurities and mud-containing impurities so as to obtain ore pulp after impurity removal;
step C, adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the ore pulp subjected to impurity removal in the step B, and performing roughing to obtain roughed concentrate and roughed tailings;
d, adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the rougher tailings in the step C, and carrying out scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; returning the sequence of scavenging middlings to the upper section operation;
and E, adding an inhibitor into the rough concentration obtained in the step C, and carrying out fine concentration to obtain fine concentration middlings and potash feldspar concentrates.
Preferably, in the step A, the potash feldspar containing material is crushed and ground to a grain size of-0.074 mm accounting for 60%.
Preferably, in the step A, the concentration of the solid phase in the potassium-containing feldspar ore slurry is 30-45 wt%.
Preferably, in the step B, the addition amount of the modified oleic acid is 300-400 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material, and the addition amount of the petroleum sodium sulfonate is 400-500 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; wherein the modified oleic acid is prepared by stirring 90% of oleic acid, 3% of alcohol, 3% of diesel oil and 4% of tween 80 in percentage by mass at normal temperature.
Preferably, in the step C, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 1000-1600 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the activating agent is at least one of dodecylamine, octadecylamine and etheramine, and the total using amount of the activating agent is 140-220 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the inhibitor is at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass, and the total dosage of the inhibitor is 280-450 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material.
Preferably, in the step D, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 500-800 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the activating agent is at least one of dodecylamine, octadecylamine and etheramine, and the total using amount of the activating agent is 70-110 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the inhibitor is at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass, and the total dosage of the inhibitor is 140-220 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material.
Preferably, in the step E, at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass is adopted as the inhibitor, and the total dosage of the inhibitor is 30-50 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material.
Preferably, in step C, at least one rougher flotation is performed.
Preferably, in step D, at least two sweepings are performed, and the middlings are sequentially returned to the upper section of the operation per sweeping.
Preferably, in step E, at least one beneficiating is performed and the beneficiated middlings are returned to the upper stage of the operation in sequence.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the potassium feldspar flotation method under the neutral pH value condition firstly adds the modified oleic acid and the petroleum sodium sulfonate into the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp for flotation so as to remove the covers of iron-containing impurities and mud-containing impurities in the ore pulp on the surfaces of the potassium feldspar and the quartz, so that the flotation agent can be better adsorbed on the surfaces of the potassium feldspar and the quartz, the interference of the impurities on the separation of the feldspar and the quartz can be removed, and the collecting agent can better act with the potassium feldspar. Secondly, three flotation agents of sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor generate synergistic action in the liquid phase of the ore pulp and promote each other, and the three flotation agents generate physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and surface chemical reaction on the surfaces of the potassium feldspar and the quartz mineral, so that the collecting agent is more stably adsorbed on the surface of the potassium feldspar, and meanwhile, the hydrophobicity of the surface of the potassium feldspar mineral is enhanced, and the potassium feldspar can be firmly attached to the bubbles when colliding with the bubbles and is lifted along with the bubblesFloating. And then sodium hexametaphosphate is used as a gangue inhibitor in the process of carrying out potassium feldspar concentration on the roughed concentrate, so that the grade of the potassium feldspar concentrate can be further improved. Sodium hexametaphosphate is added in the flotation process as an inhibitor, so that oleic acid radical ions adsorbed on the surface of quartz can be desorbed, the adsorption of an amine ion collecting agent on the surface of quartz can be prevented, the feldspar is not greatly influenced, the floatability of potassium feldspar and quartz in ore pulp is enlarged, the potassium feldspar and bubbles float upwards to form concentrate, and finally K can be obtained2The content of O is 10-14%, and the recovery rate is 70-88%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for floating potash feldspar under neutral pH conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method for floating potash feldspar under the neutral pH condition provided by the invention is described in detail below. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
As shown in figure 1, a method for floating potash feldspar under neutral pH value condition can be used for K flotation2The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out mineral separation on potassium feldspar materials with the O content of 7-10 percent:
and step A, crushing and grinding the potassium-containing feldspar materials to prepare potassium-containing feldspar ore slurry.
And step B, adding modified oleic acid and sodium petroleum sulfonate into the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp obtained in the step A, and performing flotation to remove iron-containing impurities and mud-containing impurities, so as to obtain ore pulp after impurity removal.
And step C, adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the ore pulp subjected to impurity removal in the step B, and performing at least one roughing to obtain roughed concentrate and roughed tailings.
And D, adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the rougher tailings obtained in the step C, and carrying out scavenging at least twice to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings. And returning the scavenged middlings obtained by scavenging each time to the upper section of operation.
And E, adding an inhibitor into the rough concentration obtained in the step C, and carrying out at least one time of fine concentration to obtain fine concentration middlings and potash feldspar concentrates. And returning the sequence of the concentrated middlings obtained by concentration to the upper section of operation.
Wherein, the potassium feldspar containing material is ore, tailings or other types of stones containing potassium feldspar, in particular to feldspar quarry containing potassium feldspar.
Specifically, each step of the method for floating potassium feldspar under the neutral pH condition can comprise the following embodiments:
(1) in the step A, when the granularity of the potash feldspar containing material reaches-0.074 mm and accounts for 60 percent, the potash feldspar containing material can be directly prepared into potash feldspar ore pulp; when the particle size of the potassium-containing feldspar material is relatively coarse, the potassium-containing feldspar material is preferably crushed and ground until the particle size is-0.074 mm and accounts for 60%, and then the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp is prepared. Controlling the particle size of the potash feldspar containing material within this range helps to enable dissociation of feldspar and quartz, and the ore grinding cost is relatively economical.
(2) In the step a, the concentration of the solid phase in the potassium-containing feldspar ore slurry is preferably 30-45 wt%, and may be, for example, 30 wt%, 31 wt%, 32 wt%, 33 wt%, 34 wt%, 35 wt%, 36 wt%, 37 wt%, 38 wt%, 39 wt%, 40 wt%, 41 wt%, 42 wt%, 43 wt%, 44 wt%, 45 wt% or a specific value therebetween, which is not exhaustive for the sake of brevity and simplicity.
(3) In the step B, the modified oleic acid is prepared by stirring 90% of oleic acid, 3% of alcohol, 3% of diesel oil and 4% of tween 80 in mass ratio at normal temperature; the addition amount of the modified oleic acid is preferably 300-400 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 300-400 g of modified oleic acid is added per 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), and may be, for example, 300g/t, 310g/t, 320g/t, 330g/t, 340g/t, 350g/t, 360g/t, 370g/t, 380g/t, 390g/t, 400g/t or specific values therebetween, which is limited by space and for brevity, and the present invention is not exhaustive. In addition, the modified oleic acid is preferably stirred for 3-5 min after being added into the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp, so that the modified oleic acid can fully play a role.
(4) In the step B, the addition amount of the petroleum sodium sulfonate is preferably 400-500 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 400-500 g of petroleum sodium sulfonate is required to be added for each 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), and may be, for example, 400g/t, 410g/t, 420g/t, 430g/t, 440g/t, 450g/t, 460g/t, 470g/t, 480g/t, 490g/t, 500g/t or specific points between the above values, which is limited by space and for simplicity, and the present invention is not exhaustive. In addition, the petroleum sodium sulfonate is preferably stirred for 3-5 min after being added into the potassium-containing feldspar ore slurry, so that the petroleum sodium sulfonate can fully play a role.
(5) In step C, sodium oleate is used as a collector, and the dosage of the sodium oleate is preferably 1000-1600 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 1000-1600 g of sodium oleate is required to be added to each 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), for example, 1000g/t, 1100g/t, 1200g/t, 1300g/t, 1400g/t, 1500g/t, 1600g/t or specific values therebetween, which is limited to space and for brevity, the invention is not exhaustive. In addition, after the sodium oleate is added into the ore pulp after impurity removal, the ore pulp is preferably stirred for 3-5 min, so that the sodium oleate can fully play a role.
(6) In step C, at least one of dodecylamine, octadecylamine and etheramine is preferably used as the activator, but the activator is not limited thereto, and other activators commonly used in the prior art are suitable for the present invention. When the activating agent is dodecylamine, the dosage of the dodecylamine is preferably 140-220 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 140-220 g of dodecylamine is required to be added per 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), for example, 140g/t, 150g/t, 160g/t, 170g/t, 180g/t, 190g/t, 200g/t, 210g/t, 220g/t or specific values therebetween may be used, which is not limited to space and for simplicity, and the present invention is not exhaustive. In addition, the ore pulp after impurity removal is preferably stirred for 3-5 min after an activating agent is added, so that the activating agent can fully play a role.
(7) In step C, at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass is preferably used as the inhibitor, but the inhibitor is not limited thereto, and other commonly used activators in the prior art are suitable for the present invention. When sodium hexametaphosphate is used as the inhibitor, the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is preferably 280-450 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 140-220 g of sodium hexametaphosphate needs to be added per 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), and may be, for example, 280g/t, 300g/t, 320g/t, 340g/t, 360g/t, 380g/t, 400g/t, 4200g/t, 440g/t, 450g/t or specific values therebetween, which is not exhaustive for the sake of space and simplicity. In addition, the ore pulp after impurity removal is preferably stirred for 3-5 min after the inhibitor is added, so that the inhibitor can fully play a role.
(8) In the step D, sodium oleate is used as a collector, and the dosage of the sodium oleate is preferably 500-800 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 500-800 g of sodium oleate is required to be added to each 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), for example, 500g/t, 550g/t, 600g/t, 650g/t, 700g/t, 750g/t, 800g/t or specific values between the above values are included, which is not limited to the space and for the sake of brevity, and the invention is not exhaustive. In addition, after the sodium oleate is added into the roughed tailings, the roughed tailings are preferably stirred for 3-5 min, so that the sodium oleate can fully play a role.
(9) In step D, at least one of dodecylamine, octadecylamine and etheramine is preferably used as the activator, but the activator is not limited thereto, and other activators commonly used in the prior art are suitable for the present invention. When the activating agent is dodecylamine, the dosage of the dodecylamine is preferably 70-110 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 70-110 g of dodecylamine is added per 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material treated), for example, 70g/t, 75g/t, 80g/t, 85g/t, 90g/t, 95g/t, 100g/t, 105g/t, 110g/t or specific values between the above values can be used, and the invention is not limited to space and for simplicity, and is not exhaustive. In addition, the activating agent is preferably added into the roughed tailings and then stirred for 3-5 min, so that the activating agent can fully play a role.
(10) In step D, at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass is preferably used as the inhibitor, but the inhibitor is not limited thereto, and other commonly used activators in the prior art are suitable for the present invention. When sodium hexametaphosphate is used as the inhibitor, the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is preferably 140 to 220g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 140 to 220g of sodium hexametaphosphate is required to be added per 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), and may be, for example, 140g/t, 150g/t, 160g/t, 170g/t, 180g/t, 190g/t, 200g/t, 210g/t, 220g/t or specific values therebetween, which is not intended to be exhaustive for the sake of brevity and simplicity. In addition, the inhibitor is preferably added into the roughed tailings and then stirred for 3-5 min, so that the inhibitor can fully play a role.
(11) In step E, at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass is preferably used as the inhibitor, but the inhibitor is not limited thereto, and other commonly used activators in the prior art are suitable for the present invention. When sodium hexametaphosphate is used as the inhibitor, the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is preferably 30 to 50g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material (i.e. 30 to 50g of sodium hexametaphosphate needs to be added per 1t of potassium-containing feldspar material to be treated), and for example, 30g/t, 35g/t, 40g/t, 45g/t, 50g/t or specific values therebetween may be used, which is not exhaustive for the sake of brevity and simplicity. In addition, the inhibitor is preferably stirred for 3-5 min after being added into the rough concentration, so that the inhibitor can fully play a role.
(12) In step E, the rougher concentrate refers to the foam product floated by rougher flotation in step C. The rough concentration concentrate in the step C is subjected to at least one time of fine concentration, so that the grade of the potash feldspar concentrate can be improved; for example, one selection, two selections, three selections, four selections, etc. may be performed, but the selection is not particularly limited, and the specific selection may be adjusted according to the actual situation. However, when two or more passes are performed, the present invention only chooses to add the inhibitor at the same time as the first two passes, for example: when three times of concentration are carried out on the rough concentration in the step C, the inhibitor is added into the first concentration I and the second concentration II, and the inhibitor is not added into the third concentration III, and only blank concentration is carried out.
(13) Middling refers to the tailings of the flotation machine in the fine flotation operation, the tailings of the roughing operation and the foam products of the scavenging operation in the flotation process. Middlings are between concentrate and tailings and need further treatment. The processing method of the middlings is determined according to the content of the intergrowth in the flotation middlings, the floatability of the required fine minerals, the composition of the middlings, the foam content of the medicinal agents in the middlings, the requirement on the quality of the concentrates and the like. In the invention, the scavenging middlings obtained by scavenging in the step C are sequentially returned to the upper section of operation, and the concentrating middlings obtained by concentrating in the step E are also sequentially returned to the upper section of operation.
Furthermore, the method for floating the potassium feldspar under the neutral pH value condition firstly adds the modified oleic acid and the petroleum sodium sulfonate into the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp for floating so as to remove the cover of the iron-containing impurities and mud-containing impurities in the ore pulp on the surfaces of the potassium feldspar and the quartz, so that the floating agent can be better adsorbed on the surfaces of the potassium feldspar and the quartz, the interference of the impurities on the separation of the feldspar and the quartz can be removed, and the collecting agent can better act with the potassium feldspar. Secondly, three flotation agents of sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor generate synergistic action in an ore pulp liquid phase and promote each other, and the three flotation agents generate physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and surface chemical reaction on the surfaces of the potassium feldspar and the quartz mineral, so that the collecting agent is more stably adsorbed on the surface of the potassium feldspar, and meanwhile, the hydrophobicity of the surface of the potassium feldspar mineral is enhanced, and the potassium feldspar can be firmly attached to the bubbles when colliding with the bubbles and floats upwards along with the bubbles. And then sodium hexametaphosphate is used as a gangue inhibitor in the process of carrying out potassium feldspar concentration on the roughed concentrate, so that the grade of the potassium feldspar concentrate can be further improved. Sodium hexametaphosphate is added in the flotation process as an inhibitor, so that oleic acid radical ions adsorbed on the surface of quartz can be desorbed, the adsorption of an amine ion collecting agent on the surface of quartz can be prevented, and the feldspar is not greatly influenced, so that potassium feldspar and quartz are causedThe floatability in the ore pulp is enlarged, the potassium feldspar can float upwards together with the bubbles to form concentrate, and finally the K can be obtained2The content of O is 10-14%, and the recovery rate is 70-88%.
Compared with the prior art, the method for floating the potash feldspar under the neutral pH value condition, provided by the invention, has at least the following advantages:
(1) the method for floating potassium feldspar under the condition of neutral pH value solves the problems of low potassium feldspar flotation recovery rate, unsatisfactory concentrate grade, high impurity content and the like in the separation process of feldspar and quartz, obviously improves the potassium feldspar concentrate recovery rate and the potassium feldspar concentrate quality, and aims at K2Obtaining K from ordinary potash feldspar crude ore with the O content of 7-10%2The content of O is 10-14%, and the recovery rate is 70-88%, so that the method can be used for K-feldspar ore concentrate2The potassium feldspar crude ore with the O content of 7-10% is effectively developed and utilized, and the demand of the ceramic industry on potassium feldspar concentrate can be met.
(2) The method can realize effective separation of potassium feldspar and quartz under the condition of neutral pH value, the recovery rate of the potassium feldspar concentrate can be improved by 30-40% compared with the prior art, the grade of the potassium feldspar concentrate can be improved by 30-35% compared with the prior art, and the method is a low-carbon, environment-friendly, economical and efficient method for recovering the potassium feldspar by flotation.
(3) The method for floating potassium feldspar under the neutral pH value condition provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, strong adaptability to potassium feldspar materials, safe and stable use, small medicament dosage, reduction of investment of magnetic separation equipment, small corrosion to the flotation equipment, small environmental pollution and the like, and has good application prospect.
In order to more clearly show the technical scheme and the technical effects provided by the invention, the method for floating potash feldspar under the neutral pH condition provided by the embodiment of the invention is described in detail by using specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, a method for floating potash feldspar under neutral pH value condition is used for K flotation2Carrying out ore dressing on potassium feldspar crude ore with the O content of 9.65%, wherein the potassium feldspar crude ore also contains quartz, chlorite and magnetThe method for floating potassium feldspar from minerals such as iron ore, limonite and hematite comprises the following steps:
step a1, adding K2Grinding the potash feldspar crude ore with the O content of 9.65% to the granularity of-0.074 mm accounting for 60%, and preparing the potash feldspar ore pulp with the solid phase concentration of 40 wt%.
Step b1, adding modified oleic acid and petroleum sodium sulfonate into the feldspar ore pulp containing potassium in the step a1, stirring for 6min, removing impurities and floating to remove iron and mud impurities, and thus obtaining ore pulp after impurity removal.
And c1, adding sodium oleate serving as a collecting agent, dodecylamine serving as an activating agent and sodium hexametaphosphate serving as an inhibitor into the ore pulp subjected to impurity removal in the step b1, and performing two times of roughing (namely roughing I and roughing II in the figure 1), wherein in each roughing, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 1000g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, the using amount of the dodecylamine is 140g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, and the using amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 300g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, so that roughing concentrate and roughing tailings are obtained.
And d1, adding sodium oleate serving as a collecting agent, dodecylamine serving as an activating agent and sodium hexametaphosphate serving as an inhibitor into the roughed tailings in the step c1, and performing scavenging twice (namely scavenging I and scavenging II in the figure 1), wherein in each scavenging, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 500g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material, the using amount of the dodecylamine is 70g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material, and the using amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 150g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material, so that scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings (namely the quartz-containing tailings in the figure 1) are obtained. And returning the scavenged middlings obtained by scavenging each time to the upper section of operation.
Step e1, adding sodium hexametaphosphate as an inhibitor to the rougher concentrate of step c1, wherein the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is 30g/t potassium-containing feldspar material, and carrying out one-time concentration (i.e. concentration in fig. 1), thereby obtaining concentrated middlings and potassium feldspar concentrate (i.e. potassium feldspar in fig. 1). And returning the sequence of the concentrated middlings obtained by concentration to the upper section of operation.
Specifically, the invention is detected according to the mass percentage contentK in the potassium feldspar concentrate finally obtained in step e1 of example 12The O content is 13.80 percent, and the recovery rate is 87.23 percent; the composition ratio of the potassium feldspar crude ore and the finally obtained potassium feldspar concentrate in the embodiment 1 of the invention is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Composition (I) | K2O | Na2O | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | CaO | Loss on ignition |
| Raw ore | 9.65 | 1.14 | 68.67 | 17.34 | 1.40 | 0.06 | 0.69 | 0.87 |
| Refined potash feldspar powder | 13.80 | 1.63 | 64.37 | 19.05 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.41 |
Example 2
A method for floating potash feldspar under neutral pH value condition is used for K flotation2The potash feldspar crude ore with the O content of 7.25% is subjected to ore dressing, the potash feldspar crude ore also contains quartz, muscovite, limonite, hematite and other minerals, and the specific method for floating the potash feldspar can comprise the following steps:
step a2, adding K2Grinding the potash feldspar crude ore with the O content of 7.25% to the granularity of-0.074 mm accounting for 60%, and preparing the potash feldspar ore pulp with the solid phase concentration of 38 wt%.
Step b2, adding modified oleic acid and petroleum sodium sulfonate into the feldspar ore pulp containing potassium in the step a2, stirring for 6min, removing impurities and floating to remove iron and mud impurities, and thus obtaining ore pulp after impurity removal.
And c2, adding sodium oleate serving as a collecting agent, dodecylamine serving as an activating agent and sodium hexametaphosphate serving as an inhibitor into the ore pulp subjected to impurity removal in the step b2, and performing two-time roughing (namely roughing I and roughing II in the figure 1), wherein in each roughing, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 1500g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, the using amount of the dodecylamine is 210g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, and the using amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 420g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, so that roughing concentrate and roughing tailings are obtained.
And d2, adding sodium oleate serving as a collecting agent, dodecylamine serving as an activating agent and sodium hexametaphosphate serving as an inhibitor into the roughed tailings in the step c2, and performing scavenging twice (namely scavenging I and scavenging II in the figure 1), wherein in each scavenging, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 750g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, the using amount of the dodecylamine is 105g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, and the using amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 210g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, so that scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings (namely the quartz-containing tailings in the figure 1) are obtained. And returning the scavenged middlings obtained by scavenging each time to the upper section of operation.
Step e2, adding sodium hexametaphosphate as an inhibitor to the rougher concentrate of step c2, wherein the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is 40g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material, and carrying out one-time concentration (i.e. concentration in fig. 1), thereby obtaining concentrated middlings and potassium feldspar concentrate (i.e. potassium feldspar in fig. 1). And returning the sequence of the concentrated middlings obtained by concentration to the upper section of operation.
Specifically, according to the detection, in the potassium feldspar concentrate finally obtained in the step e2 of the embodiment 2 of the invention, the content of K is measured according to the mass percentage2The O content is 11.52 percent, and the recovery rate is 74.38 percent; the composition ratio of the potassium feldspar crude ore and the finally obtained potassium feldspar concentrate in the embodiment 2 of the invention is shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
| Composition (I) | K2O | Na2O | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | CaO | Loss on ignition |
| Raw ore | 7.25 | 2.02 | 71.64 | 15.84 | 1.12 | 0.23 | 0.76 | 0.87 |
| Potash feldspar ore concentrate | 11.52 | 3.12 | 65.49 | 18.02 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.45 | 0.92 |
Example 3
A method for floating potash feldspar under neutral pH value condition is used for K flotation2The potassium feldspar crude ore with the O content of 8.17% is subjected to ore dressing, the potassium feldspar crude ore also contains quartz, chlorite, muscovite, limonite, hematite and other minerals, and the specific potassium feldspar flotation method can comprise the following steps:
step a3, adding K2Grinding potassium feldspar crude ore with O content of 8.17% to obtain ore with granularity of-0.074 mm accounting for 60%, and making into solidA potassium-containing feldspar ore slurry with a phase concentration of 35 wt%.
Step b3, adding modified oleic acid and petroleum sodium sulfonate into the feldspar ore pulp containing potassium in the step a3, stirring for 6min, removing impurities and floating to remove iron and mud impurities, and thus obtaining ore pulp after impurity removal.
And c3, adding sodium oleate serving as a collecting agent, dodecylamine serving as an activating agent and sodium hexametaphosphate serving as an inhibitor into the ore pulp subjected to impurity removal in the step b3, and performing two times of roughing (namely roughing I and roughing II in the figure 1), wherein in each roughing, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 1200g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, the using amount of the dodecylamine is 170g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, and the using amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 340g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, so that roughing concentrate and roughing tailings are obtained.
And d3, adding sodium oleate serving as a collecting agent, dodecylamine serving as an activating agent and sodium hexametaphosphate serving as an inhibitor into the roughed tailings in the step c3, and performing scavenging twice (namely scavenging I and scavenging II in the figure 1), wherein in each scavenging, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 600g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, the using amount of the dodecylamine is 86g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, and the using amount of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 170g/t of the potassium-containing feldspar material, so that scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings (namely the quartz-containing tailings in the figure 1) are obtained. And returning the scavenged middlings obtained by scavenging each time to the upper section of operation.
Step e3, adding sodium hexametaphosphate as an inhibitor to the rougher concentrate of step c3, wherein the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is 35g/t potassium-containing feldspar material, and carrying out one-time concentration (i.e. concentration in fig. 1), thereby obtaining concentrated middlings and potassium feldspar concentrate (i.e. potassium feldspar in fig. 1). And returning the sequence of the concentrated middlings obtained by concentration to the upper section of operation.
Specifically, according to the detection, in the potassium feldspar concentrate finally obtained in the step e3 of the embodiment 3 of the invention, the content of K is measured according to the mass percentage2The O content is 12.77 percent, and the recovery rate is 80.63 percent; the composition ratio of the potassium feldspar crude ore and the finally obtained potassium feldspar concentrate in the embodiment 3 of the invention is shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3
| Composition (I) | K2O | Na2O | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | CaO | Loss on ignition |
| Raw ore | 8.17 | 1.76 | 70.63 | 16.04 | 0.87 | 0.43 | 0.81 | 0.95 |
| Potash feldspar ore concentrate | 12.77 | 2.74 | 64.29 | 18.13 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.48 | 1.05 |
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention can realize effective separation of potassium feldspar and quartz under the condition of neutral pH value, has little corrosion to flotation equipment and little pollution to environment, and the obtained potassium feldspar concentrate has high grade and recovery rate, thereby solving the problems of non-ideal grade, high impurity content, low flotation recovery rate of potassium feldspar concentrate and the like in the separation process of potassium feldspar and quartz under the condition of neutral pH value, and being capable of realizing the separation of K feldspar and quartz under the condition of neutral pH value2Effectively developing and utilizing potassium feldspar crude ore with the O content of 7-10%, and obtaining K2The content of O is 10-14%, and the recovery rate is 70-88%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for floating potash feldspar under the condition of neutral pH value is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step A, crushing and grinding potassium-containing feldspar materials to prepare potassium-containing feldspar ore slurry;
step B, adding modified oleic acid and sodium petroleum sulfonate into the potassium-containing feldspar ore pulp obtained in the step A, and performing flotation to remove iron-containing impurities and mud-containing impurities so as to obtain ore pulp after impurity removal; wherein the modified oleic acid is prepared by stirring 90% of oleic acid, 3% of alcohol, 3% of diesel oil and 4% of tween 80 in mass ratio at normal temperature;
step C, adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the ore pulp subjected to impurity removal in the step B, and performing roughing to obtain roughed concentrate and roughed tailings;
d, adding sodium oleate, an activating agent and an inhibitor into the rougher tailings in the step C, and carrying out scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; returning the sequence of scavenging middlings to the upper section operation;
and E, adding an inhibitor into the rough concentration obtained in the step C, and carrying out fine concentration to obtain fine concentration middlings and potash feldspar concentrates.
2. The method for floating potassium feldspar under the neutral pH condition according to claim 1, wherein in the step A, potassium feldspar containing materials are crushed and ground to obtain 60% of potassium feldspar with the granularity of-0.074 mm.
3. The method for floating potash feldspar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step a, the concentration of the solid phase in the potash feldspar containing slurry is 30-45 wt%.
4. The method for floating potash feldspar under neutral pH conditions according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step B, the addition amount of the modified oleic acid is 300-400 g/t of potash feldspar containing material, and the addition amount of the petroleum sodium sulfonate is 400-500 g/t of potash feldspar containing material.
5. The method for floating potassium feldspar under the neutral pH condition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step C, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 1000-1600 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the activating agent is at least one of dodecylamine, octadecylamine and etheramine, and the total using amount of the activating agent is 140-220 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the inhibitor is at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass, and the total dosage of the inhibitor is 280-450 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material.
6. The method for floating potassium feldspar under the neutral pH condition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step D, the using amount of the sodium oleate is 500-800 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the activating agent is at least one of dodecylamine, octadecylamine and etheramine, and the total using amount of the activating agent is 70-110 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material; the inhibitor is at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass, and the total dosage of the inhibitor is 140-220 g/t of potassium-containing feldspar material.
7. The method for floating potassium feldspar under the neutral pH condition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step E, at least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass is adopted as the inhibitor, and the total dosage of the inhibitor is 30-50 g/t of potassium feldspar containing material.
8. The neutral pH condition potassium feldspar flotation process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step C at least one rougher flotation is performed.
9. The neutral pH condition potassium feldspar flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step D, at least two times of scavenging are carried out, and middlings in each time of scavenging are sequentially returned to the upper section operation.
10. The neutral pH conditional flotation potash feldspar process of claim 1 or 2, wherein in step E, at least one concentration is performed and the concentrated middlings are returned to the upper stage operation in sequence.
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