CN108576802B - 一种养护女性健康的组合物 - Google Patents
一种养护女性健康的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种养护女性健康的组合物，涉及食品和保健品技术领域。该组合物的组分包括：蔓越莓粉、酵母β‑葡聚糖、嗜酸乳杆菌、罗氏乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌，该组合物中蔓越莓粉、酵母β‑葡聚糖和3种乳杆菌之间具有协同作用，可快速改善女性生殖健康问题，并能提高女性体内抗氧化能力。本发明还提供包含该组合物的口服制剂和保健食品，其安全性高，适合女性长期服用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品和保健品技术领域。更具体地，涉及一种养护女性健康的组合物及其应用。
背景技术
人体的免疫力随着年龄的增长日渐下降，从而导致各种生理性健康问题。工作压力大、精神紧张、不良的饮食习惯、生活不规律等现代都市生活状况会加剧健康问题的发生。由于生理结构的原因，女性容易受到各种妇科问题的影响，也容易受到皮肤衰老等容颜问题的困扰。解决生殖健康问题和容颜衰老问题是女性的两大关注热点。
对于人体的生殖健康，微生物是主要影响因素之一。正常微生物群作为一个新的人体生理系统，是人体整体不可分割的组成部分。人体各生境内大约有1.5kg重的微生物种群，这相当于人体肝脏的重量，细菌总数可达1014个，约10倍于人体细胞，种类达1000余种，主要分布于肠道、泌尿生殖道、口腔、鼻腔、皮肤等生境内。成人女性体内较高的雌激素水平，引起大量的糖原储存在阴道粘膜上皮细胞内，这些糖原可被女性生殖道生境内的微生物群落利用，代谢产生小分子有机酸(主要为乳酸)，从而维持女性生殖道内较低的pH(3.8-4.4)，这种酸性环境可有效抑制致病微生物的生长繁殖，保持阴道清洁，有效控制感染性疾病的发生。生殖道内的微生态菌群多样性如发生变化，可使宿主生殖道内的微生态平衡被打破，其由生理性组合转变为病理性组合状态，从而引起女性尿道、生殖道微生态失衡，导致妇科炎症。
常见的妇科炎症主要包括：盆腔炎、附件炎、宫颈炎、阴道炎、尿道炎、外阴炎等。女性感染妇科炎症后的症状表现会因为炎症类型不同而各不相同，病情的程度也有轻有重，炎症的基本症状在临床上主要有外阴瘙痒、排尿频率高、排尿急并带有痛感、白带异常、性交有痛感、下腹部坠胀、月经不调并且在月经期间感觉疼痛等。
女性的生理结构特殊，女性尿道短而宽，括约肌薄弱，细菌易侵入阴道口、肛门以及尿道口，生殖道与肛门炎症易引起尿路炎症。在美国尿道感染占医院感染的35％～45％，居医院感染的第一位。国内尿道感染占医院感染的10.9％，居医院感染的第3位。
泌尿系统感染最常见的致病菌是肠道革兰氏阴性杆菌，其中以埃希大肠杆菌最常见，占致病菌的70％以上。其次是腐生葡萄球菌，少数是肺炎克雷伯杆菌、肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌等革兰氏阴性杆菌和少数革兰氏阳性球菌。真菌性尿路感染仅占尿路感染的0～4.8％。
女性生殖健康问题的传统治疗方法是使用抗生素和各种洗液进行治疗，但停药后复发率高，同时加剧女性生殖道微生态平衡的失调。例如细菌性阴道炎口服抗生素治疗4周的治愈率不到60％～70％，4周后的回访表明复发率达70％，即使延长抗生素使用时间也不能遏制炎症的复发。
对于女性容颜衰老问题，自由基攻击是现行主流观点之一。衰老的自由基学说始于上世纪50年代中期，由Harman首先提出。他认为衰老是自由基(主要是氧自由基)对细胞成分的有害攻击造成的。维持体内适当水平的抗氧化剂和自由基清除剂水平可以延缓衰老。自由基高度活泼，主要由H、C、0、N、P、S等原子构成，机体内的自由基可在细胞代谢过程中产生，也可由环境因素促成。
正常情况下，体内有多种清除氧自由基的酶和抗氧化剂，能清除代谢过程中产生的氧自由基，主要有超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶以及谷胱甘肽等。随着年龄的增长，尤其是紫外线等外界因素的影响，体内自由基逐渐增多。自由基在体内可直接或间接发挥强氧化剂作用而与机体内的核酸、核蛋白以及脂肪酸相结合，转变成氧化物或过氧化物，使之丧失活性或变性，从而破坏细胞的正常机构，导致细胞功能障碍，最终引发皮肤衰老等问题。氧化与抗氧化在皮肤衰老与抗衰老的作用已日益引起重视。市面上已有多种对女性皮肤起到清除自由基抗氧化作用以达到抗衰老效果的产品。
但是，目前市场上针对女性生殖健康的蔓越莓产品起效时间均较长(2-4周)，且没有同时针对女性抗氧化抗衰老的需求。因此，需要开发一种改善女性生殖健康问题起效时间快并同时兼具抗氧化功能的相关产品。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种养护女性健康的组合物，该组合物可快速改善女性生殖健康问题，并能提高女性体内抗氧化能力。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种含有如上所述的组合物的口服制剂，其安全性高，适合女性日常保健食用。
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种具有养护女性健康的保健食品，该食品味道好，口感佳，兼具保护女性生殖健康和延缓衰老的功效。
为达到上述第一个目的，本发明提供一种养护女性健康的组合物，所述组合物的组分包括：蔓越莓粉、酵母β-葡聚糖、嗜酸乳杆菌、罗氏乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌。
其中，蔓越莓粉含有有机酸、维生素C、花青素、原花青素等物质，其中原花青素(一种生物类黄酮)使蔓越莓具有预防尿道感染的独特功效。大量的研究表明它具有抗细菌黏附特性，能阻止大肠杆菌等致病菌黏附在尿道的上皮细胞和膀胱壁上，致病菌随着尿液流走，从而预防了尿道感染的发生。蔓越莓的原花青素还是国际上公认的最有效的清除人体自由基的天然抗氧化剂之一，其抗自由基氧化能力约是维生素E的50倍。多项试验也证明蔓越莓中的黄酮类能降低血浆脂蛋白水平，抑制LDL氧化，增加血浆抗氧化能力，保护红细胞抗溶血和细胞抗氧化活性。同时蔓越莓还能抵抗自由基对肌肤的老化，促进胶原蛋白合成，又能为肌肤提供营养元素，使肌肤变得年轻，健康美白。所以蔓越莓可以维持肌肤年轻健康，具有很好的抗氧化美白功效。
乳杆菌是健康阴道微环境中的优势菌群(107～108CFU/g)。我国健康妇女阴道乳杆菌种类繁多，常见的有弯曲乳杆菌(29％)、詹氏乳杆菌(26％)、发酵乳杆菌(18％)、加氏乳杆菌(7％)、嗜酸乳杆菌(6％)、德氏乳杆菌(5％)。乳杆菌能够抑制病原微生物的侵入和过度生长，调节微生态平衡，对维护女性生殖道健康起重要作用。阴道正常乳杆菌减少或缺失，尤其是产H2O2的乳杆菌菌株，容易引起细菌性阴道炎。而口服乳杆菌和阴道给药已经被证明有益于治疗细菌性阴道炎，并减少其复发。口服给药将有益于细菌直接引入阴道内，口服消耗的乳杆菌在从直肠排出后被认为上升到阴道。乳杆菌可与病原菌竞争阴道上皮细胞表面粘附受体，从而影响病原菌粘附定植。乳杆菌能够降低阴道pH值，维持酸性环境(pH<4.5)，从而不利于外源细菌生长；乳杆菌产生的H2O2可直接杀灭病原菌，也可经生物酶催化氧化形成杀菌能力更强的卤化物；乳杆菌产生的抗菌肽类物质具有较强的抑菌作用，乳杆菌产生的生物表面活性物质也具有抑菌作用，同时还能降低病原菌的粘附量。大量临床试验证明了乳杆菌对细菌性阴道炎治疗具有明显疗效。而多种乳杆菌联合治疗阴道感染，更能发挥最佳的治疗效果。
酵母β-葡聚糖最基本的功能就是免疫调节。体内及体外的试验研究发现，酵母β-葡聚糖可以刺激先天免疫系统，从而使抵抗细菌、真菌以及病毒等能力大大提高。酵母β-葡聚糖不被胃和肠道中的酸或酶水解而直接通过小肠，小肠粘液细胞上的巨噬细胞通过酵母β-葡聚糖受体吸收酵母β-葡聚糖，接着立刻激活这些细胞。被酵母β-葡聚糖激活的巨噬细胞是一种能够在保护和增强免疫系统方面发挥广泛作用的白细胞，是涉及非特异性免疫的一类主要细胞。它能吞噬外来粒子并摧毁他们。巨噬细胞还给其他免疫细胞如B细胞和T细胞提供信号，使他们向感染的地方移动。酵母β-葡聚糖还可以影响并激活补体的变化，最终达到增强机体细胞和体液免疫的效果。酵母β-葡聚糖还能够有效地清除体内的自由基，保护巨噬细胞在遭受辐射期间和辐射后都能免受自由基的攻击，使这些巨噬细胞继续正常发挥作用。动物实验显示，不同剂量的水溶性的酵母β-葡聚糖作用于试验小鼠，它的血清中SOD的活力会随着剂量的增加而增大，其呈现出了剂量和效应有着正相关的关系，说明了水溶性的酵母β-葡聚糖有着很好的清除自由基的效果。
该组合物中所含的蔓越莓粉、酵母β-葡聚糖和三种乳杆菌不仅可以发挥其各自的功能，还能够相互配合，起到协同增效的作用，快速有效地改善女性生殖健康问题，并能提高女性体内抗氧化能力，延缓女性衰老。
在本发明的优选实施方式中，所述组合物中各组分含量为：蔓越莓粉50～350份、酵母β-葡聚糖30～200份、嗜酸乳杆菌10～150亿CFU、罗氏乳杆菌10～150亿CFU、鼠李糖乳杆菌10～150亿CFU。该配方比例可以优化组合物的抗氧化和改善女性生殖健康的功效。
优选地，所述组合物中各组分含量为：蔓越莓粉70～300份、酵母β-葡聚糖50～150份、嗜酸乳杆菌10～120亿CFU、罗氏乳杆菌10～120亿CFU、鼠李糖乳杆菌10～120亿CFU。更有选地，所述组合物中各组分含量为：蔓越莓粉90～250份、酵母β-葡聚糖70～100份、嗜酸乳杆菌10～100亿CFU、罗氏乳杆菌10～100亿CFU、鼠李糖乳杆菌10～100亿CFU。本发明的组合物中蔓越莓粉与酵母β-葡聚糖以及乳杆菌的组合具有协同增效的作用，可以在功效成分使用量更少的情况下，与大量使用蔓越莓粉或乳杆菌的作用效果相近，可以快速有效地改善女性生殖健康问题。
本发明还提供一种如上所述的组合物在制备改善女性生殖健康兼延缓衰老的食品或保健品中的应用。
为达到上述第二个目的，本发明提供一种含有如上所述的组合物的口服制剂，该口服制剂由所述组合物和食品上可接受的载体、稀释剂或矫味剂组成。优选地，所述制剂类型可以选为粉剂、丸剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂或液体制剂。这些不同类型的制剂可根据其具体的形态，按照本领域的常规手段制备获得。
例如，当所述口服制剂为片剂时，其制备方法包括按照配方比例配料、混合物料、过筛和压片。
当所述口服制剂为胶囊时，其制备方法包括按照配方比例配料、混合、装胶囊。
当所述口服制剂为粉剂或颗粒剂时，其制备方法包括按照配方比例配料混合、过筛和包装。
根据本发明的第三个目的，本发明还提供一种具有养护女性健康的保健食品，所述保健食品为包括如上所述组合物的饮料或软糖，本领域技术人员也可以制作成包含该组合物的其它食品类型，在此不做进一步的限制。
根据本发明的优选实施方式，当所述口服制剂为软糖时，该软糖的制备包括前处理、熬糖、混料调配、成型；当所述口服制剂为饮料时，该饮料的制备方法包括按照配方比例配料、调配、均质、灭菌、灌装和巴氏灭菌。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明提供的一种养护女性健康的组合物，该组合物中所含的蔓越莓粉、酵母β-葡聚糖和三种乳杆菌不仅可以单独发挥其各自的功能，还能够彼此之间相互配合，起到协同增效的作用，快速有效地改善女性生殖健康问题，并能提高女性体内抗氧化能力，延缓女性衰老过程，且安全性高，适合女性的日常保健食用。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种具有养护女性健康功能的食品。本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容，适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是，所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及产品已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述，相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法进行改动或适当变更与组合，来实现和应用本发明技术。
为了进一步理解本发明，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如无特殊说明，本发明实施例中所涉及的试剂均为市售产品，均可以通过商业渠道购买获得。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种养护女性健康的固体饮料，该饮料的配方如表1所示。
表1一种养护女性健康的固体饮料配方
| 蔓越莓粉 | 250g |
| 酵母β-葡聚糖 | 100g |
| 嗜酸乳杆菌 | 40亿CFU |
| 罗氏乳杆菌 | 40亿CFU |
| 鼠李糖乳杆菌 | 40亿CFU |
| 赤藓糖醇 | 500g |
| 麦芽糊精 | 300g |
| 二氧化硅 | 10g |
该固体饮料的制备方法如下：
按照表1所示的配方比例，将蔓越莓粉、酵母β-葡聚糖、赤藓糖醇、麦芽糊精分别干燥至水分含量少于3％后，加入嗜酸乳杆菌、罗氏乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和二氧化硅混合均匀，包装可得。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种养护女性健康的固体饮料，该饮料的配方如下表所示。
表2一种养护女性健康的固体饮料配方
| 蔓越莓粉 | 50g |
| 酵母β-葡聚糖 | 200g |
| 嗜酸乳杆菌 | 10亿CFU |
| 罗氏乳杆菌 | 150亿CFU |
| 鼠李糖乳杆菌 | 10亿CFU |
| 赤藓糖醇 | 500g |
| 麦芽糊精 | 300g |
| 二氧化硅 | 10g |
该固体饮料的制备方法与实施例1一致。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种养护女性健康的固体饮料，该饮料的配方如下表所示。
表3一种养护女性健康的固体饮料配方
| 蔓越莓粉 | 350g |
| 酵母β-葡聚糖 | 30g |
| 嗜酸乳杆菌 | 120亿CFU |
| 罗氏乳杆菌 | 100亿CFU |
| 鼠李糖乳杆菌 | 150亿CFU |
| 赤藓糖醇 | 500g |
| 麦芽糊精 | 300g |
| 二氧化硅 | 10g |
该固体饮料的制备方法与实施例1一致。
对比例1
一种固体饮料，该饮料的配方如下表所示。
表4一种固体饮料的配方
| 蔓越莓粉 | 250g |
| 嗜酸乳杆菌 | 40亿CFU |
| 罗氏乳杆菌 | 40亿CFU |
| 鼠李糖乳杆菌 | 40亿CFU |
| 赤藓糖醇 | 500g |
| 麦芽糊精 | 400g |
| 二氧化硅 | 10g |
该固体饮料的制备方法与实施例1一致。
对比例2
一种固体饮料，该饮料的配方如下表所示。
表5一种固体饮料的配方
该固体饮料的制备方法与实施例1一致。
对比例3
一种固体饮料，该饮料的配方如下表所示。
表6一种固体饮料的配方
| 酵母β-葡聚糖 | 180g |
| 嗜酸乳杆菌 | 80亿CFU |
| 罗氏乳杆菌 | 80亿CFU |
| 鼠李糖乳杆菌 | 80亿CFU |
| 赤藓糖醇 | 200g |
| 麦芽糊精 | 470g |
| 二氧化硅 | 10g |
该固体饮料的制备方法与实施例1一致。
试验例1
为验证本发明的组合物能快速改善女性生殖健康问题，本试验例做出如下临床试验：
选择有盆腔炎、附件炎、宫颈炎、阴道炎、尿道炎或外阴炎的患者作为观察对象。
将患者分为六组，每组100人。其中，有三组患者服用本发明实施例1、实施例2和实施例3提供的养护女性健康的固体饮料；其余三组分别服用对比例1、对比例2和对比例3提供的三种固体饮料。所有患者每天服用一次，每次2g，服用一周，直接口服。
一周之后，对患者的病情进行复查，统计症状减轻或基本消失的患者人数及比例，统计结果如下表所示。
表7本发明实施例1以及对比例1、2、3的作用效果
由表7数据可以看出，实施例1、实施例2和实施例3提供的包含本发明组合物的固体饮料，在改善女性生殖健康问题方面均有很好的效果，约95％的患者在服用该固体饮料一周后症状减轻或症状基本消失。3个实施例中固体饮料的作用效果明显优于对比例1中的同组方不添加酵母β-葡聚糖的固体饮料的作用效果。与对比例2和对比例3相比，实施例可以在功效成分(蔓越莓粉、酵母β-葡聚糖和3种乳杆菌)使用量更少的情况下，与大量使用蔓越莓粉或酵母β-葡聚糖和乳杆菌的作用效果相近，说明蔓越莓粉与酵母β-葡聚糖以及乳杆菌的组合具有协同增效的作用，该组合可以快速有效地改善女性生殖健康问题。
试验例2
为验证本发明组合物的抗氧化效果，本发明做出如下动物试验：
本试验所用实验动物为SPF级大鼠，12月龄以上，体重180～220g，购于广东省医学实验动物中心。
本试验设置空白对照组，模型对照组，蔓越莓粉对照组，酵母β-葡聚糖对照组，实施例1的组合物低剂量组，组合物中剂量组，组合物高剂量组，共7组，各组受试样品成分和用量如下表所示。
表8受试样品成分表
过氧化动物造模：
除空白对照组外，其余组别的动物均用D-半乳糖40mg-1.2g/kg BW颈背部皮下注射或腹腔注射造模，注射量为0.1mL/10g，每日1次，连续造模6周，制造过氧化动物模型。取血测MDA，按MDA水平分组，随机分为1个模型对照组、1个蔓越莓粉对照组、1个酵母β-葡聚糖对照组和3个组合物剂量组。
给药：
3个组合物剂量组经口给予同体积不同浓度的实施例1提供的饮料溶液(固体饮料用蒸馏水稀释)，蔓越莓粉对照组经口给予同体积蔓越莓粉溶液(蔓越莓粉用蒸馏水稀释)，酵母β-葡聚糖对照组经口给予同体积酵母β-葡聚糖溶液(酵母β-葡聚糖用蒸馏水稀释)，模型对照组给予同体积蒸馏水。除空白对照组外的其它6组在给样的同时，均继续给予相同剂量D-半乳糖颈背部皮下或腹腔注射，使动物持续处于过氧化状态，以此判定给药的持续抗氧化作用。
指标测定：
实验结束处死动物测定血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。用SPSS19.0统计软件进行分析，组间比较采用t检验，P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
表9各组MDA、SOD、GSH、GSH-Px的活性比较
注：与空白对照组比较，★P＜0.05；与模型组比较，▲P＜0.05
由上表数据可以看出，与空白对照组比较，模型对照组大鼠MDA显著升高，SOD、GSH、GSH-Px显著降低(P＜0.05)，说明动物造模是成功的。
与模型对照组比较，蔓越莓粉组、酵母β-葡聚糖组、组合物高、中、低剂量组大鼠MDA含量显著降低，SOD、GSH、GSH-Px含量显著升高(P＜0.05)。这表明这些组中的物质对大鼠有一定的抗氧化作用。
同时，与蔓越莓粉组(蔓越莓粉含量60mg/kg)及酵母β-葡聚糖组(酵母β-葡聚糖含量40mg/kg)相比，实施例低剂量组(蔓越莓粉含量24mg/kg,酵母β-葡聚糖9.6mg/kg)大鼠的MDA、SOD、GSH、GSH-Px均无显著差异，说明蔓越莓粉与酵母β-葡聚糖的组合具有协同增效的作用，能在蔓越莓粉和酵母β-葡聚糖使用量更少的情况下达到相近的抗氧化效果。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定，对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动，这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举，凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (5)
1.一种养护女性健康的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物由以下组分组成：蔓越莓粉50~350克、酵母β-葡聚糖30~200克、嗜酸乳杆菌10~150亿CFU、罗氏乳杆菌10~150亿CFU、鼠李糖乳杆菌10~150亿CFU。
2.根据权利要求1所述的养护女性健康的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中各组分含量为：蔓越莓粉70~300克、酵母β-葡聚糖50~150克、嗜酸乳杆菌10~120亿CFU、罗氏乳杆菌10~120亿CFU、鼠李糖乳杆菌10~120亿CFU。
3.根据权利要求1所述的养护女性健康的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中各组分含量为：蔓越莓粉90~250克、酵母β-葡聚糖70~100克、嗜酸乳杆菌10~100亿CFU、罗氏乳杆菌10~100亿CFU、鼠李糖乳杆菌10~100亿CFU。
4.含权利要求1-3任一权利要求所述的组合物的口服制剂，其特征在于，该口服制剂由所述组合物和食品上可接受的载体、稀释剂或矫味剂组成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的口服制剂，其特征在于，所述口服制剂为粉剂、丸剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂或液体制剂。
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