CN108574406A - Maximum power point tracking method and device - Google Patents
Maximum power point tracking method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108574406A CN108574406A CN201710138760.2A CN201710138760A CN108574406A CN 108574406 A CN108574406 A CN 108574406A CN 201710138760 A CN201710138760 A CN 201710138760A CN 108574406 A CN108574406 A CN 108574406A
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- energy
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- maximum power
- power point
- point tracking
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/005—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output using Cuk converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Maximum power point tracking method and device.The maximum power point tracking method, includes the following steps.Power conversion operation is executed according to responsibility cycle signal with converter, the input power for hunting energy device supply is converted into output power, wherein converter includes inductance, and the electric current for flowing through inductance increases during energy storage and reduced during releasing energy.Obtain the length during releasing energy.According to the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal during releasing energy to track the maximum power point of input power or output power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of maximum power point tracking method and devices for being applied to hunt energy device.
Background technology
With multiple entity apparatus influence each other connection Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IoT) technology rise,
Allow entity apparatus that there can be sufficiently long service life to become important subject under discussion.And since most entity apparatus rely on battery, it is right
It increases in the demand of battery, this will likely can lead to environmentally friendly subject under discussion.And develops hunt energy technology (Energy at present
Harvesting) to reduce the battery requirements for Internet of things device, including such as photovoltaic cell (photovoltaic
Cell), thermoelectric generator (thermoelectric generator), piezoelectric generator (piezoelectric
) etc. generator hunt can device inquired into and used by a large amount of, especially photovoltaic cell hunts energy and thermoelectricity for room light
Generator hunts the technology of energy for room temperature.And in order to which effectively for charging with the system for hunting energy device power supply, maximum work can be used
Rate point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) technology hunts energy device Maximum Power Output to control, in turn
Raising hunts energy efficiency and shortens the charging time.
Invention content
The present invention relates to maximum power point tracking method and devices.
An embodiment according to the present invention proposes a kind of maximum power point tracking method, includes the following steps.With converter
Power conversion operation is executed according to responsibility cycle signal, the input power for hunting energy device supply is converted into output power, wherein
Converter includes inductance, and the electric current for flowing through inductance increases during energy storage and reduced during releasing energy.Obtain the length during releasing energy
Degree.According to the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal during releasing energy to track the maximum power point of input power or output power.
An embodiment according to the present invention proposes a kind of maximum power point tracking device, including converter and controller.Turn
Parallel operation is configured to execute power conversion operation according to responsibility cycle signal, the input power for hunting energy device supply is converted to defeated
Go out power, wherein converter includes inductance, and the electric current for flowing through inductance increases during energy storage and reduced during releasing energy.Controller
It is configured to obtain the length during releasing energy, and according to the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal during releasing energy to track input power
Or the maximum power point of output power.
More preferably understand in order to which the above-mentioned and other aspect to the present invention has, multiple embodiments cited below particularly, and coordinates attached
Figure, is described in detail below：
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is painted the flow chart of the maximum power point tracking method according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2A is painted an a kind of example maximum power point hunting energy device, such as photovoltaic cell.
Fig. 2 B are painted an a kind of example maximum power point hunting energy device, such as thermoelectric generator.
Fig. 3 is painted the schematic diagram of the maximum power point tracking device according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 A are painted a kind of schematic diagram of example buck converter operation during energy storage.
Fig. 4 B are painted a kind of schematic diagram of example buck converter operation during releasing energy.
Fig. 5 A are painted a kind of example boost converter and operate schematic diagram during energy storage.
Fig. 5 B are painted a kind of example boost converter and operate schematic diagram during releasing energy.
Fig. 6 is painted a kind of example waveform diagram for the electric current for flowing through converter inductance.
Fig. 7 is painted a kind of schematic diagram of example converter structure according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is painted according to one embodiment of the invention the schematic diagram for the controller architecture for including counter.
Fig. 9 is painted according to one embodiment of the invention the schematic diagram for the controller architecture for including integrator.
Figure 10 is painted the circuit implementation schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the invention controller.
Figure 11 A~Figure 11 D are painted MPPT disturbances and observation program schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 A are painted the schematic diagram during energy storage according to the multi input converters operation of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 B are painted the schematic diagram during releasing energy according to the multi input converters operation of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 13 is painted the current waveform schematic diagram of the inductance for flowing through multi input converter according to one embodiment of the invention.
【Symbol description】
10：Maximum power point tracking device
110、EHX：Hunting can device
120：Converter
120d：Buck converter
120u：Boost converter
121：Inductance
122、136：Comparator
123、124：Transistor
126：Storage element
130：Controller
131：Integrator circuit
132：Critical trigger circuit
133：Counter circuit
134：MPPT controller
135：Pulse width modulation circuit
C、C1、CIN、COUT：Capacitance
D1：Diode
IEH：Hunting can device output current
IIN：Input current
IL1：Inductive current
IOUT：Output current
L1、LCEM：Inductance
M1、MN1、MP1：Transistor
MIG、MIS、MIX、MOG、MOS、MOX：Switch
MPP：Maximum power point
PEH：Hunting can device output power
PIN：Input power
POUT：Output power
S100：Power conversion operation is executed according to responsibility cycle signal with converter, the input work of energy device supply will be hunted
Rate is converted to output power
S102：Obtain the length during releasing energy
S104：According to the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal during releasing energy to track the maximum of input power or output power
Power points
TRES：Time information signal
tS, EH1、tS, EH2、tS, EH3：During energy storage
tR, EH1、tR, EH2、tR, EH3：During releasing energy
VOP1、VOP2、VOP3、VOP4：Operate voltage
VEH：Hunting can device output voltage
VIN：Input voltage
VOUT：Output voltage
VINTEGRATED：Accumulate voltage
VTHRESHOLD：Critical voltage
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 1 is painted the flow chart of the maximum power point tracking method according to one embodiment of the invention, and the method includes following
Step.Step S100：Power conversion operation is executed according to responsibility cycle signal (duty cycle signal) with converter, with
The input power for hunting energy device supply is converted into output power, wherein converter includes inductance, flows through the electric current of inductance in energy storage
(energy-storing) increase during and can be reduced during (energy-releasing) releasing.Step S102：Energy is released in acquisition
The length of period.Step S104：According to the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal during releasing energy to track input power or output work
The maximum power point of rate.
In one embodiment, hunt can device can be photovoltaic cell, the thermoelectricity energy, fuel cell, direct current type hunt can device or
Alternating current type is hunted can device coupling rectifier.For example, photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectricity energy can belong to direct current type and hunt energy device.And
By the rectifier that alternating current is converted to direct current is introduced, the above method also can apply to alternating current type and hunt energy device.Exchange class
Type hunts energy device and may include that electronic generator (electro-dynamic generator), piezoelectricity hunt energy device or radio-frequency antenna.It closes
A and Fig. 2 B are please referred to Fig.2 in the maximum power point of photovoltaic cell and thermoelectric generator.Fig. 2A is painted a kind of hunting energy device one
Example maximum power point, the first half of Fig. 2A are painted one kind and hunting energy device output current IEHTo output voltage VEHIndicatrix, figure
The lower half of 2A is painted this and hunts the corresponding output power P of energy deviceEHTo output voltage VEHIndicatrix.It is painted in same figure
The two different curves shown represent two kinds of different operation conditions, such as different temperatures, pressure or lighting level.It can be from figure
Go out as the output voltage V for hunting energy deviceEHIt is bigger, output current IEHWith regard to smaller.As the output voltage V for hunting energy deviceEHIt is set in a behaviour
Make voltage VOP1(or VOP2) when, output power PEHMaximum power value P is reached in respective conditionsMAX1(or PMAX2), this operating point claims
For maximum power point (MPP).Similarly, Fig. 2 B are painted an example maximum power of a kind of thermoelectric generator or photovoltaic cell
Point, the different curves of depicted two in same figure represent two kinds of different operation conditions.Output current IEHWith output voltage
VEHIncrease and reduce, as the output voltage V for hunting energy deviceEHIt is set in an operation voltage VOP3(or VOP4) when, output power PEH
Respective conditions reach maximum power value PMAX3(or PMAX4).The target of maximum power point tracking method be find such as Fig. 2A and
Maximum power point shown in Fig. 2 B.
Fig. 3 is painted the schematic diagram of the maximum power point tracking device according to one embodiment of the invention.Maximum power point tracking
Device 10 includes converter 120 and controller 130.Converter 120 is configured to execute power conversion according to responsibility cycle signal
Operation will hunt the input power P that energy device 110 is suppliedINBe converted to output power POUT, wherein converter 120 includes inductance 121,
The electric current for flowing through inductance 121 increases during energy storage and is reduced during releasing energy.Controller 130 be configured to obtain release energy during
Length, and according to the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal during releasing energy to track input power PINOr output power POUTMost
High-power point.
Controller 130 as shown in Figure 3 couples converter 120, and wherein the connection between controller 130 and converter 120 can
To include more than one circuit.For example, controller 130 can provide responsibility cycle signal to converter 120 to control power
Conversion operation, converter 120 can provide about release can time span information to controller 130.In one embodiment, converter
120 may include DC-to-dc converter, e.g. synchronous DC-to-dc converter or asynchronous DC-to-dc converter.It lifts
For example, converter 120 can be decompression (buck) converter, boosting (boost) converter, buck (buck-boost) turn
Parallel operation, forward (forward) converter, flyback (flyaback) converter, SEPIC (Single-Ended Primary
Inductance Converter) converter orConverter.120 inside of converter is using inductance 121 with according to responsibility week
Phase signal executes power conversion operation, is operated with during releasing energy during the energy storage about the DC-to-dc converter with inductance
Example is described as follows.
Fig. 4 A are painted a kind of schematic diagram of example buck converter operation during energy storage.Buck converter in this
120d includes transistor M1, diode D1, inductance L1 and capacitance C1.The grid of transistor M1 can couple responsibility cycle signal
To be operated with during releasing energy during controlling the energy storage of buck converter 120d.During energy storage, transistor M1 conductings (on), electric current
Direction is as shown in Figure 4 A, and the voltage of inductance L1 left ends is higher than the voltage of inductance L1 right ends, therefore the electric current for flowing through inductance L1 is storing up
Increase (inductance characteristic during energy).Fig. 4 B are painted a kind of signal of example buck converter operation during releasing energy
Figure.Transistor M1 shutdowns (off) so that current direction is as shown in Figure 4 B, and the voltage of inductance L1 left ends is less than inductance L1 right ends
Voltage, therefore the electric current for flowing through inductance L1 is reduced during releasing energy.
Similarly, Fig. 5 A are painted a kind of example boost converter and operate schematic diagram during energy storage, and Fig. 5 B are painted one kind
Example boost converter operates the schematic diagram during releasing energy.When transistor M1 inside boost converter 120u is connected, stream
Electric current through inductance L1 increases, and when the transistor M1 inside boost converter 120u is turned off, the electric current for flowing through inductance L1 is reduced.
Fig. 6 is painted a kind of example waveform diagram for the electric current for flowing through converter inductance.Converter in this can be
Boost converter 120u shown in buck converter 120d, Fig. 5 A as shown in Figure 4 A or other include inductance direct current-it is straight
Stream transformer.It is the responsibility cycle signal with responsibility cycle (duty cycle) shown in the lower half of Fig. 6, controls energy storage
Operating and releasing can operate, such as can be adjusted by the responsibility cycle of responsibility cycle signal to change the length during energy storage.
Responsibility cycle signal is inductive current I during opening (on)L1Continue to increase, this section of inductive current IL1It can during gradually increasing
Referred to as during energy storage, inductive current I at the end of during energy storageL1Reach maximum value.After this, inductive current IL1Under gradually
It is down to zero current.It should be noted that zero current illustrates only as a kind of example implementation mode herein, so that diagram and explanation
Clear, it is other reference current values that zero current is replaceable in other embodiments.Inductive current IL1Zero is dropped to from maximum value
During this section, during can be described as releasing energy, as shown in Figure 6.
Maximum power point tracking device 10 shown in please referring to Fig.3, input power PIN(PIN=VIN×IIN) it is proportional to input
Electric current IIN, therefore flow through the electric current of 120 internal inductance 121 of converter by obtaining, in that case it can be decided that input power PIN.With reference to Fig. 6
Depicted waveform, inductive current IL1Maximum current bigger grade, then input power PINIt is bigger.Inductive current IL1Decline
Rate (i.e. inductive current I in Fig. 6L1Negative slope during releasing energy) it is proportional to the voltage difference at 121 both ends of inductance
Therefore, if the voltage difference at 121 both ends of inductance maintains to fix during releasing energy in Fig. 3, energy can be released by acquisition
The length of period, to determine inductive current IL1The maximum current grade of (electric current for flowing through inductance 121).In one embodiment, turn
Parallel operation 120 and/or controller 130 can be configured to maintain the voltage difference at 121 both ends of inductance during releasing energy, therefore can device by hunting
The input power P of 110 suppliesIN, the length that can be based purely on during releasing energy and determine.Controller 130 can be configured to be released
Length during energy, and according to the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal released during energy, to track input power PINOr output work
Rate POUTMaximum power point.
In one embodiment, converter 120 may include the zero current sensor (zero-current for being coupled to inductance 121
Detector, ZCD), zero current sensor is configured to generate the time information signal T being relevant to during releasing energyRES.It please refers to
Waveform shown in fig. 6, zero current sensor can detect inductive current IL1Zero when is reached, and can be believed output time information according to this
Number TRESThe length of energy time is released with instruction.
Zero current sensor can be painted there are many implementation, Fig. 7 to be turned according to a kind of example of one embodiment of the invention
The schematic diagram of parallel operation structure.In this embodiment, zero current sensor includes comparator 122,122 comparator transistor of comparator
The voltage of 124 two of which endpoints, with produce output result and controlling transistor 124.Comparator 122 generate output result be
Time information signal TRES, it is sent to controller 130.Controller 130 is according to time information signal TRES(during it indicates to release energy
Length) to adjust responsibility cycle signal, responsibility cycle signal controlling transistor 123.
Fig. 7 is to use boost converter and zero current sensor including comparator as example, however can also make
With other kinds of DC-to-dc converter and zero current sensor.In addition, being released there are many different implementations with maintaining
The voltage difference at inductance both ends during energy.For example, input capacitance C can be set as shown in Figure 7INIt is coupled to inductance 121, input electricity
Hold CINWith sufficiently large capacitance so that voltage can remain stable, in addition, controller 130 can generate responsibility week appropriate
Phase signal is so that the voltage of 121 other end of inductance also remains stable.
130 receiving time information signal T of controllerRES, can be from time information signal T there are many implementationRESIt extracts
Release the length during energy.In one embodiment, controller 130 includes counter (counter), is e.g. counted with fixed frequency
Digit counter, the frequency of counter is sufficiently high to allow counter to calculate release can the umber of pulse that generates of time period counter
Amount.Fig. 8 is painted the schematic diagram of the controller architecture including counter according to one embodiment of the invention.For example, the time believes
Information signal TRESFailing edge can trigger counter and start counting up, rising edge, which can trigger counter, to be stopped counting, and counter can calculate
The number of pulses N generated during releasing energy.Certainly edge-triggered mechanism described herein is merely illustrative, can be according to electricity
Road implementation and change.
It is above-mentioned that simulation implementation can be used in another embodiment for a kind of digital implementation.Fig. 9 be painted according to
The schematic diagram of the controller architecture including integrator of one embodiment of the invention.Controller 130 includes integrator circuit 131, faces
Boundary's trigger circuit 132 and counter circuit 133.Integrator circuit 131 is configured to respond to time information signal TRESIncrease
Add accumulation voltage, for example, integrator circuit 131 may include capacitance, and resetting accumulation can be discharged in original state capacitance
Voltage, then capacitance be charged so that during releasing energy accumulation voltage persistently rise, this charging operations can weigh multiple periods, that is,
It is several release energy during.During each releases energy, the amount that accumulation voltage rises is relevant to the length during releasing energy.Critical triggering electricity
Road 132 is configured to compare accumulation voltage and critical voltage, and critical voltage can be pre-determined value.Also that is, accumulation voltage
Persistently rise in several periods, until accumulation voltage is more than critical voltage.Counter circuit 133 is configured to respond to critical touch
The comparison result that Power Generation Road 132 generates executes counting operation.Counter circuit 133, which can calculate, to be passed through how many a periods so that
It is more than critical voltage to accumulate voltage.Count results are bigger, represent and need be more than just critical voltage by more multiple periods, therefore
Length during releasing energy is smaller.Controller 130 may also include MPPT controller 134 and pulse width modulation (Pulse Width
Modulation, PWM) circuit 135.MPPT controller 134 is configured to be held according to the count results that counter circuit 133 generates
Row MPPT algorithm (e.g. disturbance and observation), MPPT controller 134 then controls pulse width modulation circuit 135 and adjusts responsibility
The responsibility cycle of periodic signal, to execute maximum power point tracking operation.
Fig. 9 is painted a kind of block diagram of example controller 130, and a kind of possible implementation of controller 130 can refer to figure
10, it is painted the circuit implementation schematic diagram according to the controller of one embodiment of the invention.MPPT controller 134 exports reset signal
With unlatching (conducting) transistor MN1So that capacitance C discharges and resets accumulation voltage VIntegrated.During each releases energy, when
Between information signal TRESOpen (conducting) transistor MP1So that fixed DC current source charges to capacitance C.Comparator 136 compares
Accumulate voltage VIntegratedAnd critical voltage VThreshold, as accumulation voltage VIntegratedMore than critical voltage VThresholdWhen, than
Stop counting compared with 136 counter of notifications circuit 133 of device.The count results that MPPT controller 134 is generated according to counter circuit 133
Responsibility value (duty value) is exported, pulse width modulation circuit 135 adjusts duty according to the responsibility value that MPPT controller 134 generates
Appoint the period.
Figure 11 A~Figure 11 D are painted MPPT disturbances and observation program schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the invention.In this instance
The circuit used can be Fig. 9 or shown in Fig. 10 maximum power point tracking devices, include integrator circuit, critical triggering electricity
Road and counter circuit.In Figure 11 A, count results are 13 (it is more than critical electricity to represent accumulation voltage after 13 cycles
Pressure), it is then disturbed to change the voltage for hunting energy device.After disturbance, count results shown in Figure 11 B are 8, and representative is released can the phase
Between length increase, that is, power rise.Then voltage disturbs again, as shown in Figure 11 C, the corresponding count results generated
It is 6, shows power continuous upward trend.Therefore voltage is still with the disturbance of the same direction (reducing voltage), such as Figure 11 D institutes
Show, current count results are 8, and representing the length during releasing energy reduces, that is, power has dropped.Therefore next to execute
Disturbance will be towards opposite direction (increase voltage, as shown in the dotted line of Figure 11 D).Figure 11 A~Figure 11 D depict a kind of example
The disturbance of maximum power point tracking and observation flow, use maximum power point tracking device as shown in fig. 9 or 10.
Converter 120 shown in Fig. 3 further includes other embodiment, and Figure 12 A are painted according to the how defeated of one embodiment of the invention
Enter schematic diagram of the converters operation during energy storage.In this embodiment, multiple hunt can device EHX(X=1,2,3 ..., represent more
A number for hunting energy device) one is coupled to single inductance LCEMConverter.In figure for the sake of clearly showing that, only it is painted
Hunting for one can device EHXAn and corresponding switch MIX, may include in implementation it is multiple hunt can device, in addition can also include multiple
Output loading circuit is coupled to converter.It stored energy operation and releases and can operate and can be controlled by one or more responsibility cycle signals
System.For example, each hunting energy device can be controlled by a responsibility cycle signal respectively, during energy storage, switch MIXAnd MOGIt closes
It closes (closed, i.e. conducting state), and switch MIGAnd MOSIt opens (open, i.e. off state), energy storage to inductance LCEM, figure
12A understands the current direction depicted during energy storage with dotted arrow.
Figure 12 B are painted the schematic diagram during releasing energy according to the multi input converters operation of one embodiment of the invention.It is releasing
During energy, switch MIXAnd MOGIt opens (i.e. off state), and switch MIGAnd MOSIt closes (i.e. conducting state), energy is from inductance LCEM
It is transferred to the internal reservoir unit 126 of converter.For example, internal reservoir unit 126 can provide power supply extremely whenever necessary
Output circuit.Figure 12 B understand the current direction depicted during releasing energy with dotted arrow.During releasing energy, inductance LCEMOne
End is coupled to ground, and the other end is coupled to internal reservoir unit 126, and internal reservoir unit 126 provides a stable voltage level
VSTOR, therefore the inductance L during releasing energyCEMThe voltage difference at both ends maintains to fix.
Figure 13 is painted the current waveform schematic diagram of the inductance for flowing through multi input converter according to one embodiment of the invention.It is false
If the converter connection as shown in Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B there are three hunt can device EH1~EH3, it is each hunt can device EH1~EH3 connect into
Row operation, as shown in figure 13.These three energy storage rates for hunting energy device EH1~EH3 may be different (during three energy storage
tS, EH1、tS, EH2、tS, EH3With Different Slope), but due to the inductance L during releasing energyCEMThe voltage difference at both ends maintains VSTOR, therefore
Energyreleaserate is identical.Also that is, during three are released energy tR, EH1、tR, EH2、tR, EH3, inductive current ILSlope it is identical, this tiltedly
Rate is equal toLength during releasing energy is proportional to the input power of converter, thus each can be hunted can device EH1~
EH3 reaches maximum power point tracking.In addition to this it is possible to release t during energy by comparing threeR, EH1、tR, EH2、tR, EH3, and determine
Determine these three power grades for hunting energy device EH1~EH3.
According to the maximum power point tracking method and device disclosed in above multiple embodiments, when releasing energy of inductance can be used
Between as determine to hunt can device power condition, therefore the circuit of maximum power point tracking can be simplified.For example, control circuit is not
It needs to use multiplier or analog-digital converter, and hardware area can be reduced, this advantage is applied and worn for Internet of Things
Formula device is worn to be even more important.In addition, can be enough the time to determine power because simple use is released, the operating point for hunting energy device can't
Specific sections are confined to, and high dynamic sensing range can be reached.Furthermore, due to having this simple feature, the disclosure
Converter can be easy to integrate and form a concentration energy management converter, such as converter shown in Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B,
Energy device can be hunted with multiple input and multiple output loadings are circuit integrated, and as a concentration energy management converter.
In conclusion although the present invention is disclosed as above with multiple embodiments, however, it is not to limit the invention.This hair
Bright one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can be used for a variety of modifications and variations.Therefore, originally
The protection domain of invention is when subject to the appended claims confining spectrum.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of maximum power point tracking method, including：
Converter executes power conversion operation according to responsibility cycle signal, and the input power for hunting energy device supply is converted to output work
Rate, the wherein converter include inductance, and the electric current for flowing through the inductance increases during energy storage and reduced during releasing energy；
Obtain the length during releasing energy；And
The length adjustment maximum of the responsibility cycle signal to track the input power or the output power during releasing energy according to this
Power points.
2. maximum power point tracking method as described in claim 1, further includes：
The voltage difference at the inductance both ends is maintained during this releases energy.
3. maximum power point tracking method as described in claim 1, wherein the length adjustment responsibility during releasing energy according to this
Periodic signal further includes：
The responsibility cycle of the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal during releasing energy according to this.
4. maximum power point tracking method as described in claim 1, the wherein converter include DC-to-dc converter.
5. maximum power point tracking method as described in claim 1, the wherein converter are buck converter, boost conversion
Device, type of voltage step-up/down converter, consequent converter, direction flyback converter, SEPIC converters orConverter.
6. maximum power point tracking method as described in claim 1, it is photovoltaic cell, the thermoelectricity energy, combustion that wherein this, which hunts energy device,
Material battery, direct current type hunt energy device or alternating current type hunts energy device coupling rectifier.
7. maximum power point tracking method as described in claim 1, wherein obtaining the length during releasing energy and further including：
With zero current sensor generation time information signal, which couples the inductance, and wherein the temporal information is believed
It number is relevant to during this releases energy.
8. maximum power point tracking method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the zero current sensor includes capacitance.
9. maximum power point tracking method as claimed in claim 7, wherein obtaining the length during releasing energy and further including：
The counter generated pulse number during this releases energy is calculated with counter.
10. maximum power point tracking method as claimed in claim 7, wherein obtaining the length during releasing energy and further including：
Increase accumulation voltage in response to the time information signal；
Compare the accumulation voltage and critical voltage；And
Comparison result in response to comparing the accumulation voltage and the critical voltage step executes counting operation.
11. a kind of maximum power point tracking device, including：
Converter is converted to the input power for hunting energy device supply to execute power conversion operation according to responsibility cycle signal
Output power, the wherein converter include inductance, and the electric current for flowing through the inductance increases during energy storage and reduced during releasing energy；
And
Controller is configured to obtain the length during releasing energy, and the length adjustment responsibility cycle during releasing energy according to this
Signal is to track the maximum power point of the input power or the output power.
12. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 11, the wherein controller are configured to during this releases energy
Maintain the voltage difference at the inductance both ends.
13. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 11, the wherein controller are configured to release the energy phase according to this
Between the length adjustment responsibility cycle signal responsibility cycle.
14. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 11, the wherein converter include DC-to-dc converter.
15. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 11, the wherein converter are buck converter, boost conversion
Device, type of voltage step-up/down converter, consequent converter, direction flyback converter, SEPIC converters orConverter.
16. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 11, wherein this hunt can device be photovoltaic cell, the thermoelectricity energy,
Fuel cell, direct current type hunt energy device or alternating current type hunts energy device coupling rectifier.
17. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 11, the wherein converter include zero current sensor, coupling
The inductance, wherein the zero current sensor are configured to generation time information signal, and wherein the time information signal is relevant to this
During releasing energy.
18. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 17, wherein the zero current sensor includes capacitance.
19. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 17, the wherein controller include counter, to calculate this
Counter generated pulse number during this releases energy.
20. maximum power point tracking device as claimed in claim 17, the wherein controller include：
Integrator circuit, to increase accumulation voltage in response to the time information signal；
Critical trigger circuit, to compare the accumulation voltage and critical voltage；And
Counter circuit, the comparison result to be generated in response to the critical trigger circuit execute counting operation.
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| CN201710138760.2A CN108574406A (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Maximum power point tracking method and device |
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| CN201710138760.2A CN108574406A (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Maximum power point tracking method and device |
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Application publication date: 20180925 |