CN108574305B - Cascaded high-voltage frequency converter power unit load platform with feedback function - Google Patents
Cascaded high-voltage frequency converter power unit load platform with feedback function Download PDFInfo
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- CN108574305B CN108574305B CN201810494697.0A CN201810494697A CN108574305B CN 108574305 B CN108574305 B CN 108574305B CN 201810494697 A CN201810494697 A CN 201810494697A CN 108574305 B CN108574305 B CN 108574305B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascaded high-voltage frequency converter power unit load platform with a feedback function, which comprises a tested power unit, an H-bridge controllable rectification module, a direct current capacitor, a three-phase grid-connected inversion module and a control system, wherein the tested power unit is connected with the control system through the direct current capacitor; the control system collects the current of the output end of the tested power unit and the voltage signals at two ends of the direct current capacitor through the sampling circuit, outputs a driving signal to the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the voltage and current sampling signal and a given power factor, and controls the input current of the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the set power factor so as to realize the reactive power control of the tested power unit; the control system collects three-phase voltage and current on the AC power grid side through the sampling circuit, outputs a driving signal to the three-phase grid-connected inverter module according to the sampling signal to control the active power of the three-phase grid-connected inverter module, so that the active power control of the tested power unit is realized, and the real simulation of the load of the tested power unit is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of in-plant load experiments of power units of cascaded high-voltage frequency converters, in particular to a power unit load platform of a cascaded high-voltage frequency converter with a feedback function.
Background
In order to ensure the product quality of the high-voltage cascaded frequency converter, the high-voltage cascaded frequency converter needs to perform a load experiment of a power unit before leaving a factory. In the high-voltage cascade frequency converter industry, the load modes of a power unit mainly include two modes, namely a resistance inductance load and a feedback load.
The resistance load is generally formed by connecting a plurality of power resistors in series and in parallel, different resistance values are achieved through the series connection and the parallel connection, and single-phase reactors with different inductance values are configured on the basis to adapt to output current values and power factors of different power units. Each resistance inductance platform often requires a large area and high heat dissipation requirements, while a large amount of electrical energy is wasted on the heating of the resistance. Fig. 1 shows an electrical schematic diagram of a conventional load, in which a three-phase ac power is input to a power unit, converted into an ac power of 0-50 Hz by the power unit, and output to the load. FIG. 2 shows a tested power unit topology, in which a three-phase power input is converted into a direct current through a power unit rectifier diode, and is converted into a 0-50 Hz alternating current power output through inversion of a power unit H bridge, and an output voltage is applied to a resistive load or an inductive load; the size of the output current is adjusted by changing the impedance of the load, so that the aging purpose is achieved.
In a feedback type load platform introduced in a high-voltage cascade frequency converter power unit grid-connected feedback device (No. 202353232U) and a power unit aging test device and method (No. CN102928719A), three power units are adopted to form a Y-shaped connection access power grid at the same time, three power units are needed to work, and only a unit full-load test of a small power grade can be carried out on the power units of different power grades, so that the flexibility of the load is poor. The feedback type load introduced in the patent of 'high-voltage inverter grid-connected feedback device (application publication number: CN 103023063A)' adopts the whole high-voltage inverter to be connected to the grid for carrying out feedback test, and carries out the whole machine full power test under the condition that the power unit has no power test, the danger coefficient is higher, and the method is only suitable for carrying out the whole machine full power test after the power unit power test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a cascaded high-voltage frequency converter power unit load platform with a feedback function, and solves the technical problems of poor flexibility and adaptability of a feedback load in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a cascaded high-voltage inverter power unit load platform with a feedback function, which is characterized by comprising a tested power unit, an H-bridge controllable rectification module, a direct-current capacitor, a three-phase grid-connected inversion module and a control system;
the input end of a tested power unit is connected with an alternating current power grid, the output end of the tested power unit is connected with the input end of an H-bridge controllable rectification module after being connected with a single-phase reactor in series, the output end of the H-bridge controllable rectification module is connected with a direct current side of a three-phase grid-connected inversion module after being connected with a direct current capacitor in parallel, and the alternating current side of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module is connected with a three-phase reactor in series and then is merged into the alternating current power grid;
the control system collects the current of the output end of the tested power unit and the voltage signals at two ends of the direct current capacitor through the sampling circuit, outputs a driving signal to the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the voltage and current sampling signal and a given power factor, and controls the input current of the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the set power factor so as to realize the reactive power control of the tested power unit;
the control system collects three-phase voltage and current of the alternating current power grid side through the sampling circuit, and outputs a driving signal to the three-phase grid-connected inversion module according to the sampling signal to control the active power of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module so as to realize active power control on the tested power unit.
Preferably, the sampling circuit comprises a sampling circuit of the output current of the tested power unit, a sampling circuit of the output voltage of the H-bridge controllable rectifier module, a sampling circuit of the three-phase voltage of the alternating current power grid and a sampling circuit of the current, and the sampling circuit inputs each sampling signal into the control system.
Preferably, the control system comprises an H-bridge feedback control unit, the H-bridge feedback control unit comprises a PI regulator, a PF regulator, a PR regulator and an H-bridge pulse management unit, and the voltage u on the direct current capacitor is adjusteddcWith a given value UdcrefComparing, and setting the error as active current after passing through PI regulatorOutput, giving the active currentGiven power factor angleAnd inputting the phase-locked angle theta of the output voltage of the tested power unit into the PF regulator to obtain a reference sinusoidal current signal irefI is torefCompared with the output current i of the tested power unit, the error passes through a PR regulator, and the output of the PR regulator is used as a voltage modulation signal udModulating the voltage with a signal udInput H-bridge pulse tubeAnd the processing unit generates a corresponding driving signal to drive the H-bridge controllable rectifying module.
preferably, the phase-locked angle θ is the sine angle α of the PWM pulse of the power cell under test plus the delay angle γ.
Preferably, the control system comprises a three-phase inversion feedback control unit, the three-phase inversion feedback control unit comprises a three-phase decoupling unit and a three-phase pulse management unit, three-phase voltage and current of the alternating current power grid are input to the three-phase decoupling unit to carry out current closed-loop three-phase decoupling control, three-phase reference voltage is generated, the reference voltage is output to the three-phase pulse control unit, and corresponding driving signals are generated to drive the three-phase grid-connected inversion module.
Preferably, the specific process of the three-phase decoupling unit for current closed-loop three-phase decoupling control is as follows: phase locking is carried out on the three-phase voltage to obtain a power grid phase angle beta, and DQ conversion is carried out on voltage and current on the power grid side to respectively obtain ed、eqAnd id、iqInitial current idWith a given value idrefComparing, outputting the obtained difference value through a PI regulator, and outputting the voltage value and the active component e of the power grid voltagedAnd iqOmega L is compared to obtain the voltage active component udrefAlso, initial current iqWith a given value iqrefComparing, outputting the obtained difference value through a PI regulator, and obtaining a voltage value and a voltage reactive component eqAnd idOmega L is compared to obtain a voltage reactive component uqrefFor the obtained udref、uqrefAnd carrying out DQ inverse transformation to obtain the three-phase reference voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the output active power control of the tested power unit is realized by controlling the alternating current test current of the three-phase grid-connected inverter module, and meanwhile, the output reactive power control of the tested power unit is realized by the power factor of the H-bridge controllable rectifier module, so that the real simulation of the load of the tested power unit is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of a conventional load test;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional power cell under test;
FIG. 3 is an electrical schematic of the load platform of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an H-bridge controllable rectifier module;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase grid-connected inverter module circuit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control system controlling an H-bridge controllable rectification module and a three-phase grid-connected inversion module;
fig. 7 is a diagram of the PWM waveform output by the power unit under test.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Since the cascade type high-voltage frequency converter is formed by cascading a plurality of power units, the output driving load of the frequency converter is usually an asynchronous motor. The input power factor of the motor is usually 0.85-0.9 (hysteresis). In order to fully simulate the motor load, the output power of the power unit not only contains active power but also contains reactive power, and the power factor generally takes a value of 0.85-0.9 lagging.
In order to realize the real simulation of the motor load, the functional block diagram of the circuit of the cascaded high-voltage frequency converter power unit load platform with the feedback function is shown in fig. 3 and comprises a tested power unit, an H-bridge controllable rectification module, a direct-current capacitor, a three-phase grid-connected inversion module and a control system;
the input end of a tested power unit is connected with an alternating current power grid, the output end of the tested power unit is connected with the input end of an H-bridge controllable rectification module after being connected with a single-phase reactor in series, the output end of the H-bridge controllable rectification module is connected with a direct current side of a three-phase grid-connected inversion module after being connected with a direct current capacitor in parallel, and the alternating current side of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module is connected with a three-phase reactor in series and then is merged into the alternating current power grid;
the control system collects the current of the output end of the tested power unit and the voltage signals at two ends of the direct current capacitor through the sampling circuit, outputs a driving signal to the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the voltage and current sampling signal and a given power factor, and controls the input current of the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the set power factor so as to realize the reactive power control of the tested power unit;
the control system collects three-phase voltage and current of an alternating current power grid through the sampling circuit, outputs a driving signal to the three-phase grid-connected inversion module according to the sampling signal to control active power of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module, and therefore active power control of the tested power unit is achieved.
The sampling circuit comprises a tested power unit output current sampling circuit, an H-bridge controllable rectification module output voltage sampling circuit, a three-phase voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit on the side of an alternating current network, and each sampling signal is input into the control system by the sampling circuit.
The current sampling circuit adopts a current Hall element to be connected in series in the circuit for measurement, and the voltage sampling circuit is connected in parallel in the circuit through a voltage Hall element for measurement.
The control idea of the invention is as follows: the tested power unit absorbs energy from the power grid, and the three-phase grid-connected inversion module feeds active power back to the power grid, so that closed loop of energy is realized, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved. Because the system loss is small, under the condition of not considering the system loss, the active power flowing through each link (module) of the whole feedback system is equal, the active power of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module is controlled, the active power output by the tested power unit can be indirectly controlled, and the active control of the tested power unit can be realized by carrying out active control on the three-phase grid-connected inversion module. Because reactive power can not be controlled by a direct current part, reactive control added to the three-phase inverter module can not realize reactive control on the tested power unit. And the H-bridge controllable rectification module provides active power for the three-phase grid-connected inverter module, if the input of active current of the H-bridge controllable rectification module is controlled, reactive current control is added, so that the input current of the H-bridge controllable rectification module is controlled according to a set power factor, the output of the tested power unit contains the active current and the reactive current, the current of the set power factor output by the tested power unit can be realized, and real motor load is simulated.
The circuit diagram of the H-bridge controllable rectifying module is shown in fig. 4, and the H-bridge controllable rectifying module comprises a bridge circuit formed by 4 IGBTs, wherein when the upper left IGBT and the lower right IGBT are switched on, a high level is output, and when the upper right IGBT and the lower left IGBT are switched on, a low level is output. When the upper two or the lower two IGBTs are conducted, 0 level is output. The dc input and ac output can be realized by sending high, low and 0 levels according to the waveform of fig. 7. In short, 4 IGBTs in the H-bridge controllable rectification module are driven by four driving signals, so as to rectify the input alternating current. The H-bridge controllable rectifier module belongs to the prior art, and active current control is usually realized by adopting a single-phase controllable rectifier voltage and current double closed-loop strategy in the prior document. In order to enable the current output by the H-bridge controllable rectification module to meet the control requirements of active current and power factor, a control system collects the current at the output end of a tested power unit and the voltage at two ends of a direct current capacitor, power factor control is added on the basis of a single-phase voltage and current double closed-loop control strategy, and power factor closed-loop control is carried out on the input of the H-bridge controllable rectification module.
The control system performs power factor closed-loop control on the H-bridge controllable rectification module, the control schematic block diagram is shown in FIG. 6, and the specific process is as follows: control system collects voltage u on direct current capacitordcWith a given value UdcrefComparing, and setting the error as active current after passing through PI regulatorOutput, giving the active currentGiven power factor angleAnd the phase-locked angle theta of the output voltage of the tested power unit is input into a PF regulator (i.e. a power factor regulator),obtaining a reference sinusoidal current signal irefI is torefCompared with the output current i of the tested power unit, the error passes through a PR regulator to realize the non-static control, and the output of the PR regulator is used as a voltage modulation signal udModulating the voltage with a signal udAnd modulating with a carrier signal, outputting a PWM (pulse-width modulation) modulation signal, processing the modulation signal, and outputting four paths of driving signals to drive 4 IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) of the H-bridge controllable rectifying module so as to realize that the input current of the H-bridge controllable rectifying module is in accordance with a set power factor.
Wherein a given value UdcrefAnd not less than the peak value of the input side voltage, which is the output voltage of the power unit, as shown in fig. 7. The peak value of the output voltage of the power unit is the voltage of the direct-current bus of the power unit, the voltage of the direct-current bus of the power unit under normal work is 820V, and 820V can be selected here.
The calculation formula in the PF regulator is:the specific theoretical meaning is as follows: known active current DC componentSince the power factor is the ratio of the active current to the apparent current, the given current peak is:the lagging power factor angle is the phase-locked angle theta and the given power factor angleDifference of differenceThe output reference sinusoidal current signal isThe sinusoidal current signal value is a given value of the output current required by the tested power unit and is a value expected to be reached, and closed-loop control is formed through a PR regulator and feedback. Make feedbackInfinitely close to the given value.
The phase-locked angle θ is the actual angle of the output voltage of the power unit under test. Since the output of the power unit under test is ac (positive or negative), the frequency is 50Hz, but it is not a sine wave, but a waveform (PWM wave) of high or low level, as shown in fig. 7. The control system is difficult to phase-lock the PWM wave output by the tested power unit, and in order to obtain an accurate phase-locked signal, the system delay angle gamma is increased on the basis of the sine angle alpha of the PWM pulse of the tested power unit, so that the sine phase-locked angle theta controlled by the H-bridge controllable rectification module can be obtained. The sine angle α is known to the control system, and the control system modulates the sine angle, the frequency, and the modulation ratio information to generate PWM pulses and sends the PWM pulses to the power unit under test, which is not described in detail in the prior art. The system delay angle gamma is that the control system sends a modulated PWM pulse signal to the power unit to be tested, the power unit to be tested sends a pulse for driving the IGBT according to the PWM signal sent by the control system, and the pulse is output to the output voltage of the power unit to be tested.
Fig. 5 shows a circuit diagram of the three-phase grid-connected inverter module, and 6 IGBTs in the three-phase grid-connected inverter module are driven by six driving signals to realize direct current inversion into alternating current, so that the output power meets the control requirement of active power. In the embodiment of the invention, a control system collects three-phase voltage and current of an alternating current power grid (also called voltage and current of a power grid side), and controls active power of a three-phase grid-connected inversion module by adopting a current closed-loop three-phase decoupling control strategy.
The three-phase decoupling control strategy of the active outer ring and the current inner ring is a common control strategy in the prior art. The specific process is shown in fig. 6: the control system collects alternating current network side voltage and current, phase-locks the network voltage to obtain a network phase angle beta, and simultaneously performs DQ conversion on the network side voltage and current to respectively obtain a network voltage active component edReactive voltage division of power gridQuantity eqAnd the active component i of the network currentdReactive component of the grid current iqInitial grid current active component idWith given value of active component idref(the set value is based on the set value of the active power and the active component e of the network voltagedCalculated), the obtained difference value is output through a PI regulator, and the output voltage value is compared with the active component e of the power grid voltagedAnd iqOmega L is compared to obtain the active component u of the reference voltagedrefWherein, omega is angular frequency, L is inductance value of the output reactor;
likewise, the initial grid current reactive component iqGiven value of reactive component of current iqrefComparing, outputting the obtained difference value through a PI regulator, and obtaining a voltage value and a voltage reactive component eqAnd idOmega L is compared to obtain a reference voltage reactive component uqrefFor the obtained udref、uqrefCarrying out DQ inverse transformation to obtain a three-phase reference voltage; and forming PWM pulses according to the three-phase reference voltage to generate a driving signal, and sending the PWM pulses to the three-phase grid-connected inversion module by the control system to control and drive 6 IGBTs of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module.
Both the DQ conversion and the DQ inverse conversion are in the prior art, and the conversion process can be referred to in the prior art, which is not described herein.
The tested power unit comprises an independent controller, and the controller can read the bus voltage and related fault information of the tested power unit and upload the bus voltage and related fault information to a control system, namely an uplink signal. The controller obtains the PWM pulse signal from the control system and generates a PWM output voltage which is a downlink signal. The uplink and downlink signal interaction between the tested power unit and the main control system belongs to the conventional control of a power unit load platform, and specifically refers to the prior art.
According to the invention, the output active power control of the tested power unit is realized by controlling the alternating current test current of the three-phase grid-connected inverter module, and meanwhile, the output reactive power control of the tested power unit is realized by the power factor of the H-bridge controllable rectifier module, so that the real simulation of the load of the tested power unit is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The cascaded high-voltage frequency converter power unit load platform with the feedback function is characterized by comprising a tested power unit, an H-bridge controllable rectification module, a direct-current capacitor, a three-phase grid-connected inversion module and a control system;
the input end of a tested power unit is connected with an alternating current power grid, the output end of the tested power unit is connected with the input end of an H-bridge controllable rectification module after being connected with a single-phase reactor in series, the output end of the H-bridge controllable rectification module is connected with a direct current side of a three-phase grid-connected inversion module after being connected with a direct current capacitor in parallel, and the alternating current side of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module is connected with a three-phase reactor in series and then is merged into the alternating current power grid;
the control system collects the current of the output end of the tested power unit and the voltage signals at two ends of the direct current capacitor through the sampling circuit, outputs a driving signal to the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the voltage and current sampling signal and a given power factor, and controls the input current of the H-bridge controllable rectifying module according to the set power factor so as to realize the reactive power control of the tested power unit;
the control system collects three-phase voltage and current at the side of the alternating current power grid through a sampling circuit, and outputs a driving signal to the three-phase grid-connected inversion module according to the sampling signal to control the active power of the three-phase grid-connected inversion module so as to realize active power control on a tested power unit;
the control system comprises an H-bridge feedback control unit, wherein the H-bridge feedback control unit comprises a PI (proportional-integral) regulator, a PF (pulse-frequency) regulator, a PR (pulse-frequency) regulator and an H-bridge pulse management unit, and the voltage u on the direct-current capacitor is converted into the voltage udcWith a given value UdcrefComparing, and setting the error as active current after passing through PI regulatorOutput, giving the active currentGiven power factor angleAnd inputting the phase-locked angle theta of the output voltage of the tested power unit into the PF regulator to obtain a reference sinusoidal current signal irefI is torefCompared with the output current i of the tested power unit, the error passes through a PR regulator, and the output of the PR regulator is used as a voltage modulation signal udModulating the voltage with a signal udAnd inputting the H-bridge pulse management unit to generate a corresponding driving signal so as to drive the H-bridge controllable rectifying module.
2. The cascaded high-voltage inverter power unit load platform with the feedback function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampling circuit comprises a tested power unit output current sampling circuit, an H-bridge controllable rectifier module output voltage sampling circuit, a three-phase voltage sampling circuit of an alternating current grid and a current sampling circuit, and the sampling circuit inputs each sampling signal into the control system.
4. the cascaded high-voltage inverter power unit load platform with feedback function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phase-locked angle θ is a sine angle α plus a delay angle γ of the PWM pulse of the power unit under test.
5. The cascaded high-voltage inverter power unit load platform with the feedback function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control system comprises a three-phase inversion feedback control unit, the three-phase inversion feedback control unit comprises a three-phase decoupling unit and a three-phase pulse management unit, three-phase voltage and current of an alternating current grid are input into the three-phase decoupling unit to perform current closed loop three-phase decoupling control, a three-phase reference voltage is generated, the reference voltage is output to the three-phase pulse control unit, and a corresponding driving signal is generated to drive the three-phase grid-connected inversion module.
6. The cascaded high-voltage inverter power unit load platform with the feedback function as claimed in claim 5, wherein the specific process of the three-phase decoupling unit for performing current closed loop three-phase decoupling control is as follows: phase locking is carried out on the three-phase voltage to obtain a power grid phase angle beta, and DQ conversion is carried out on voltage and current on the power grid side to respectively obtain ed、eqAnd id、iqInitial current idWith a given value idrefComparing, outputting the obtained difference value through a PI regulator, and outputting the voltage value and the active component e of the power grid voltagedAnd iqOmega L is compared to obtain the voltage active component udrefOmega is angular frequency, L is output reactor inductance value; also, initial current iqWith a given value iqrefComparing, outputting the obtained difference value through a PI regulator, and obtaining a voltage value and a voltage reactive component eqAnd idOmega L is compared to obtain a voltage reactive component uqrefFor the obtained udref、uqrefAnd carrying out DQ inverse transformation to obtain the three-phase reference voltage.
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CN103023063A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-03 | 国电南京自动化股份有限公司 | Grid-connection feedback device of high-voltage inverter and control method of grid-connection feedback device |
CN107894531A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-10 | 北京合力电气传动控制技术有限责任公司 | A kind of power cell test system |
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