CN108573328A - A kind of mine worked-out section method for estimating stability - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of mine worked-out section method for estimating stability belongs to the safe Treatment process field in mine worked-out section;Including:It determines goaf to be evaluated and influences the factor of goaf stability;Obtain Triangular Fuzzy Number and composition fuzzy indicator value matrix of the goaf to be evaluated about each factor;Fuzzy integrated assign is carried out according to the matrix after standardization to each factor to weigh;Goaf fuzzy evaluation value is calculated, fuzzy integrated tax power synthetic evaluation matrix is constituted;Fuzzy integrated power synthetic evaluation matrix of assigning is expressed as structure n-ary form n, more each fuzzy evaluation value size in goaf to be evaluated, the sequence stablized according to goaf carries out goaf and orderly administers;The present invention proposes fuzzy integrated enabling legislation, reduces weighted deviations;Weight is blurred, the determination of factor of evaluation weight is made more to be bonded reality;Fuzzy number is expressed using fuzzy structured element, solves Operations of Fuzzy Numbers challenge;Goaf stability sequence is obtained, goaf can be administered in reasonable and orderly manner.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the safe Treatment process fields in mine worked-out section, and in particular to a kind of mine worked-out section estimation of stability
Method.
Background technology
In metalliferous mine exploitation, a large amount of goafs are left after mineral building back production, if not adopting an effective measure positive improvement, one
Denier goaf unstability will influence the normal production in mine, work safety accident and subsidence and ecology easily caused when serious
The environmental problems such as destruction.Therefore, carry out the estimation of stability research of metallic ore Goaf Area, it can be mined out to administer in reasonable and orderly manner
Area provides foundation, is of great significance to Mine Safety in Production and environmental protection.
Goaf estimation of stability is studied currently, having scholar:Deng Hongwei, Jia Ming are constructed mined out using AHP
2 grades of evaluation analysis models of area's stability, have obtained main influence index and its weight in each ranking;Jia Nan, Wu Chao
The algorithm and phenomenon of reverse order that approach degree in similarity to ideal solution ranking method is improved with sieve week congruence, establish goaf stability
Grade evaluation index, and then obtained the level evaluation of goaf stability;Cheng Aibao, Gourde(G) life etc. are true according to analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Determine the subjective weight of factor of evaluation, the objective weight of factor of evaluation, profit are determined according to the factor importance in RoughSets theories
It is analyzed with combining weights, has obtained the principal elements such as goaf wall rock geology construction, goaf exposed area.Has method
It is insufficient to the research of factor of evaluation weight when carrying out goaf overall merit, have ignored the mould of subjective weight and objective weight
Paste property;When carrying out Operations of Fuzzy Numbers using extension Principle, in operation expression traversal sex chromosome mosaicism so that operation result is difficult
To realize Analytical Expression.
Invention content
In view of the deficiency of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of mine worked-out section method for estimating stability.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of mine worked-out section method for estimating stability, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Determine object set U=(u to be evaluated1,u2,···,uj,···un) and each object of characterization finger
Mark (factor) collection V=(v1,v2,···,vi,···vm), ujFor object to be evaluated, that is, goaf to be evaluated, j=1,
2, n, n are goaf number to be evaluated, viIt is to influence the factor of goaf stability to be evaluated for index, i=1,
2, m, m are factor number;
Step 2:Obtain Triangular Fuzzy Number of each goaf to be evaluated about each factorAnd constitute fuzzy indicator value matrix
Step 3:According to fuzzy indicator value matrixComprehensive evaluation pair is weighed using fuzzy integrated assign based on structural elements
The stability in goaf carries out quantitative analysis:
Step 3-1:Fuzzy indicator matrix is standardized, the Triangular Fuzzy Number after being standardizedAnd it is fuzzy
Index value matrix
Step 3-2:Fuzzy integrated assign is carried out to each factor to weigh, and is calculated fuzzy integrated assign and weighed synthetic evaluation matrix:
Step 3-2-1:Subjective weights are carried out to each factor, obtain each factor viSubjective weight
Step 3-2-2:Objective Weight is carried out to each factor according to the fuzzy indicator value matrix after standardization, obtains each factor
viObjective weight
Step 3-2-3:By subjective weightWith objective weightIt is combined, obtains factor viFuzzy integrated weight
Step 3-2-4:It will fuzzy integrated weightIt is normalized to
Step 3-2-5:According to fuzzy integrated weightWith fuzzy indicator value matrixCalculate the mould of goaf j to be evaluated
Paste evaluation of estimateIt obtains fuzzy integrated assign and weighs synthetic evaluation matrix
Step 3-3:Fuzzy integrated power synthetic evaluation matrix of assigning is expressed as structure n-ary form n:
Step 3-3-1:The generating function of given fuzzy structured element E and each fuzzy number, willTable
Up to for structure n-ary form n;
Step 3-3-2:Application structure member expresses fuzzy evaluation valueFuzzy integrated assign for obtaining structural elements expression weighs synthesis
Evaluations matrix P=(p1(x),p2(x),…,pn(x))X=E。
Step 3-4:According to the fuzzy integrated structural elements expression for assigning power synthetic evaluation matrix, more each goaf mould to be evaluated
Paste evaluation of estimateMagnitude relationship, complete goaf estimation of stability.
Specific method is:It enablesWherein, E (x) is fuzzy structured element E's
Membership function.IfThenIfThen Wherein, j, j'=1,2, n, and j ≠ j'.
Step 4:According to the estimation of stability in goaf as a result, orderly administering goaf, human and material resources and time are realized
Rationally utilize.
Advantageous effect:A kind of mine worked-out section method for estimating stability compared with prior art, has following advantage:
(1) it proposes fuzzy integrated enabling legislation, reduces subjective weighted deviations and data statistics caused by personal subjectivity and miss
Objective weight deviation caused by difference;
(2) weight is blurred, the determination of factor of evaluation weight is made more to be bonded reality;
(3) it applies fuzzy structured element to express fuzzy number, and carries out the operation of fuzzy number on this basis, avoid using expansion
The problem of Zhang Yuanli cannot achieve Operations of Fuzzy Numbers result Analytical Expression when stating successfully solves fuzzy integrated assign and weighs synthesis
The complex calculation problem of fuzzy number in evaluation;
(4) metallic ore is often handled with filling method and leaves goaf, and the management of the laying of filling system and filling operation
It needs to expend a large amount of human and material resources and time, according to the integrated goaf stabilization assigned power comprehensive evaluation and obtained of fuzzy structured element
Property order administer the goaf left in reasonable and orderly manner under conditions of not interfering mine normally to produce, to can realize mine
Safety in production and environmental protection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the mine worked-out section method for estimating stability flow chart of one embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to one embodiment of the present invention.
According to master, the thought of objective combination weights, proposes fuzzy integrated enabling legislation, i.e., is combined master, objective weighted model,
The importance of each factor of concentrated expression, while considering the ambiguity that weight information has, according to fuzzy structure metatheory, establish
Fuzzy integrated assign based on structural elements expression weighs comprehensive evaluation model.It is applied in the evaluation of goaf stability, to
The evaluation result more to be tallied with the actual situation, to provide guidance for the improvement of goaf rational and orderly.
Present embodiment, using the goaf left after certain underground metalliferous mine back production as research object, using based on structural elements
The fuzzy integrated power comprehensive evaluation of assigning of expression evaluates the stability in each goaf, to formulate rational goaf harnessing
Order provides foundation.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mine worked-out section method for estimating stability, includes the following steps:
Step 1:Determine object set U=(u to be evaluated1,u2,···,uj,···un) and each object of characterization finger
Mark (factor) collection V=(v1,v2,···,vi,···vm), ujFor object to be evaluated, that is, goaf to be evaluated, j=1,
2, n, n are goaf number to be evaluated, viIt is to influence the factor of goaf stability to be evaluated for index, i=1,
2, m, m are factor number;
In present embodiment, goaf to be evaluated is 1~goaf of goaf 4;According to professional knowledge and analysis, adopt
Empty slope stability sexual factor includes qualitative factor and quantitative factor, and qualitative factor is:Rock mass structure, hydrographic factor, is opened geological structure
Disturbance, the influence of adjacent dead zone are adopted, quantitative factor is goaf buried depth, goaf volume, exposure duration, country rock uniaxial compressive strength
Rc, tensile strength Rt.
Step 2:Obtain Triangular Fuzzy Number of each goaf to be evaluated about each factorAnd constitute fuzzy indicator value matrix
Wherein,Data type is divided into two kinds:①It is proportionate with goaf stability, i.e.,Bigger, goaf is steady
It is qualitative higher;②It is negatively correlated with goaf stability, i.e.,Bigger, goaf stability is lower.
In present embodiment, Triangular Fuzzy Number of the 1~goaf of goaf 4 about each factor is obtained by statisticsSuch as table
Shown in 1:
Triangular Fuzzy Number table of the 1 each goaf of table about factor of evaluation
Each goaf is expert team according to goaf about the value of qualitative factor in table 1 geologic information, exploitation skill
The fuzzy synthesis scoring that art condition etc. provides, scoring value range is [0,10], and score value is bigger, and goaf is more not easy unstability, fixed
Amount factor obtains goaf buried depth according to geology borehole data, obtains goaf volume and exposure duration according to statistics is measured, leads to
It crosses goaf country rock original position coring and carries out tension and compression experiment, country rock uniaxial compressive strength Rc and tensile strength Rt.
Step 3:According to fuzzy indicator value matrix, using the fuzzy integrated power comprehensive evaluation of assigning based on structural elements to mined out
The stability in area carries out quantitative analysis:
Step 3-1:Fuzzy indicator value matrix is standardized;Since different objects are under different factorsTake
There may be the othernesses in numerical values recited and dimension for value, therefore, rightMake data standardization, specific method is:
For Triangular Fuzzy Number (aij,bij,cij),
For what is be proportionate with goaf stabilitySpecification turns to:
For negatively correlated with goaf stabilitySpecification turns to:
Obtain Standard Process:In present embodiment,
It willIt is normalized to:
Fuzzy indicator value matrix after being standardizedFor:
Step 3-2:Fuzzy integrated assign is carried out to each factor to weigh, and is calculated fuzzy integrated assign and weighed synthetic evaluation matrix:
Step 3-2-1:Subjective weights are carried out to each factor, obtain each factor viSubjective weight
Delphi method is used in present embodiment, and the subjective power of each factor is obtained by expert evaluation, and through repeatedly integration
Weight be (0.05,0.1,0.15), (0.3,0.4,0.5), (0.15,0.2,0.25), (0.4,0.5,0.6), (0.35,0.4,
0.45), (0.5,0.6,0.7), (0.75,0.8,0.85), (0.25,0.3,0.35), (0.5,0.6,0.7), (0.4,0.5,
0.0.6)。
Step 3-2-2:Objective Weight is carried out to each factor according to the fuzzy indicator value matrix after standardization, obtains each factor
viObjective weightObjective Weight selects entropy assessment, according to the fuzzy indicator value matrix after standardizationObtain factor vi
Fuzzy entropy be:
Wherein, whenWhen,
Smaller according to the entropy of factor, the higher principle of weight takes factor viObjective weightFor:
Wherein, whenWhen,
Step 3-2-3:By subjective weightWith objective weightIt is combined, obtains factor viFuzzy integrated weight
Step 3-2-4:It will fuzzy integrated weightIt is normalized to
Step 3-2-5:According to fuzzy integrated weightWith fuzzy indicator value matrixIt calculates fuzzy integrated assign and weighs synthesis
Evaluations matrix
Wherein,For the fuzzy evaluation value of goaf j to be evaluated.
Step 3-3:Fuzzy integrated power synthetic evaluation matrix of assigning is expressed as structure n-ary form n;
Due to when carrying out Operations of Fuzzy Numbers using extension Principle, in operation expression traversal sex chromosome mosaicism make operation
As a result it is difficult to realize Analytical Expression.Therefore, integrated assign in power comprehensive evaluation model is obscuredEtc. fuzzy numbers operation
It is difficult to obtain result of calculation by extension Principle.Therefore fuzzy structured element expression fuzzy number is applied herein and carries out fuzzy number fortune
It calculates.
Step 3-3-1:The generating function of given fuzzy structured element E and each fuzzy number, willTable
Up to for structure n-ary form n;
The fuzzy structured element is defined as follows:
E is the fuzzy set on set of real numbers R, and E (x) is its membership function, x ∈ R, if meeting:
1) (0)=1 E;
2) function E (x) [- 1,0) on be it is single increase fight continuity, (0,1] on be single drop let continuous;
3) as x ∈ (- ∞, -1) or x ∈ (1 ,+∞), E (x)=0.
Then fuzzy set E is referred to as the fuzzy structured element on R.
The structural elements of the fuzzy number are expressed as:
E is the fuzzy structured element on R, appoints and limit boundary fuzzy figure A, perseverance is given to have the monotonic bounded function f on [- 1,1], make A
There is relationship between f:A=f (E).
Common linear monotonic function f (x)=a+bx generates fuzzy number, that is, has A=f (E)=a+bE (b>0).
For Triangular Fuzzy NumberIt can then be generated by piecewise monotonic function f (x), wherein
In present embodiment, fuzzy structured element E, fuzzy number are givenGeneration letter
Number is respectively fij(x)、gij(x)、hi (1)(x)、hi (2)(x)、hi (1,2)(x)、Hi(x), and each function is same sequence on [- 1,1]
Monotonic function.If f (x) has same sequence monotonic transformation τ on [- 1,1]2So that:
Then fuzzy numberIt can be expressed as respectively:
Wherein,
Step 3-3-2:Fuzzy integrated power synthetic evaluation matrix application structure member of assigning is expressed as P:
P=([H1(x),H2(x),…,Hm(x)]·G(x))X=E=(p1(x),p2(x),…,pn(x))X=E (8)
Wherein,pj(x) it is that fuzzy integrated assign weighs synthetic evaluation matrix
Middle fuzzy evaluation valueStructural elements expression.
In present embodiment, by matrixF can be obtainedij(x), i=1,2 ..., 10, j=1,2,3,4.This sentences f11(x)
WithFor illustrate calculating process, other summary.
It can be obtained by formula (4)
Similarly, according to formula (4)~(8) fuzzy number can be realized using matlab sign computations
Solution.
Step 3-4:According to the fuzzy integrated structural elements expression for assigning power synthetic evaluation matrix, more each goaf mould to be evaluated
Paste evaluation of estimateMagnitude relationship, complete goaf estimation of stability;
Structural elements according to fuzzy number weight sequence thought, enableWherein, E
(x) membership function for being fuzzy structured element E, ifThenIfThen Wherein, j, j'=1,2, n, and j ≠ j',For fuzzy number
Structural elements weight sequence.
It is obtained by the integrating function of matlab sign functions:
Therefore goaf stability order is
Step 4:According to the estimation of stability in goaf as a result, orderly administering goaf, human and material resources and time are realized
Rationally utilize;In view of the factors such as subsidence and soil, environmental protection, at present metallic ore often handled with filling method leave it is mined out
Area, and the management of the laying of filling system and filling operation needs to expend a large amount of human and material resources and time, therefore can be according to mould
The integrated goaf stability order assigned power comprehensive evaluation and obtained of paste structural elements, in the condition for not interfering mine normally to produce
Under, the goaf left is administered in reasonable and orderly manner, to realize the safety in production and environmental protection in mine.
In order to verify the correctness and engineering practicability of this method, 4 goaf top plate sedimentations to be evaluated of the mine are used
VWM type type vibration wire multipoint displacement meters carry out field monitoring, monitor and drill in goaf top plate Drilling, and goaf can be obtained by monitoring
The opposite deflection of top plate is caving degree or damage envelope.
From the point of view of the displacement data that top plate multipoint displacement meter monitors, u2、u4、u3Goaf top plate sinking speed and settling amount
Significantly it is more than u1, this just indirectly illustrates u1Stability be more than u2、u4、u3, also demonstrate based on the integrated tax of fuzzy structured element
Weigh validity of the integrated evaluating method to the differentiation of metal mine goaf stability order.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of mine worked-out section method for estimating stability, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1:Determine object set U=(u to be evaluated1,u2,…,uj,…un) and set of factors V=(v1,v2,…,vi,cvm),
In, ujFor object to be evaluated, that is, goaf to be evaluated, j=1,2, n, n are goaf number to be evaluated, viTo influence to wait for
The factor of evaluation goaf stability, i=1,2, m, m are factor number;
Step 2:Obtain Triangular Fuzzy Number of each goaf to be evaluated about each factorAnd constitute fuzzy indicator value matrix
Step 3:According to fuzzy indicator value matrixUsing the fuzzy integrated power comprehensive evaluation of assigning based on structural elements to mined out
The stability in area carries out quantitative analysis:
Step 3-1:Fuzzy indicator value matrix is standardized, the Triangular Fuzzy Number after being standardizedAnd fuzzy finger
Scale value matrix
Step 3-2:According to fuzzy indicator value matrixTo each factor viIt carries out fuzzy integrated assign to weigh, calculate each to be evaluated mined out
Area's fuzzy evaluation valueIt constitutes fuzzy integrated assign and weighs synthetic evaluation matrix
Step 3-3:Fuzzy integrated power synthetic evaluation matrix of assigning is expressed as structure n-ary form n P=(p1(x),p2(x),…,pn
(x))X=E;
Step 3-4:According to the fuzzy integrated structural elements expression for assigning power synthetic evaluation matrix, more each goaf to be evaluated is fuzzy to comment
ValueMagnitude relationship, complete goaf estimation of stability;
Step 4:According to the estimation of stability in goaf, goaf is orderly administered.
2. mine worked-out section method for estimating stability according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3-2 is specific
For:
Step 3-2-1:Subjective weights are carried out to each factor, obtain each factor viSubjective weight
Step 3-2-2:According to the fuzzy indicator value matrix after standardizationObjective Weight is carried out to each factor, obtains each factor
viObjective weight
Step 3-2-3:By subjective weightWith objective weightIt is combined, obtains each factor viFuzzy integrated weight
Step 3-2-4:It will fuzzy integrated weightIt is normalized to
Step 3-2-5:According to fuzzy integrated weightWith fuzzy indicator value matrixThe fuzzy of goaf j to be evaluated is calculated to comment
ValueIt obtains fuzzy integrated assign and weighs synthetic evaluation matrix
3. mine worked-out section method for estimating stability according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3-3 is specific
For:
Step 3-3-1:The generating function of given fuzzy structured element E and each fuzzy number, willIt is expressed as tying
Constitutive element form;
Step 3-3-2:Application structure member expresses fuzzy evaluation valueFuzzy integrated assign for obtaining structural elements expression weighs overall merit
Matrix P=(p1(x),p2(x),…,pn(x))X=E。
4. mine worked-out section method for estimating stability according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tool of the step 3-4
Body method is:
It enablesWherein, E (x) is the membership function of fuzzy structured element E, ifThenIfThenIfThenIts
In, j, j'=1,2, n, and j ≠ j'.
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CN112712484B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2023-10-17 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Method for delineating goaf resistivity image anomalies by adopting fuzzy mathematical theory |
CN112598304A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-02 | 中国能源建设集团陕西省电力设计院有限公司 | Power engineering construction goaf evaluation method based on contact entropy |
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