Soil quality is distinguished with soil sampling device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of highway engineering, in particular to a soil sampling device for soil quality identification.
Background
With the continuous development and progress of the road traffic industry, the condition of a foundation soil layer in the road engineering is directly related to the construction quality of a road, so that in the early construction process of the road engineering construction, a roadbed soil sample 800 mm below the original ground of the road engineering needs to be analyzed according to the technical requirements to ensure the construction quality of the road.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a soil sampling device for soil identification to solve the above problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a soil sampling device for soil quality identification comprises a fixed base, a soil drilling device and a soil loading device, wherein three supporting leg frames are welded on the lower end face of the fixed base vertically downwards at equal intervals, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the central position inside the fixed base, a free end of a piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the soil drilling device, the soil drilling device comprises a first motor, a rotating shaft and a drill bit, the first motor is fixed in a motor box, the upper end of the motor box is connected with the free end of the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder, an output shaft of the first motor penetrates through the lower end of the motor box and is connected with one end of the rotating shaft through a coupler, the drill bit is fixed at the other end of the rotating shaft and is in a cone shape with the downward top end, a bearing sleeve is arranged on the outer surface between the upper end of the rotating shaft and the drill bit, three rectangular sliding grooves corresponding to the supporting leg frames are formed in the, the upper end of each supporting leg frame is horizontally welded with the same fixing plate along the direction pointing to the center of the rotating shaft, the lower end face of each fixing plate is provided with the same soil loading device, each soil loading device comprises a lifting device and a sampling container, the lifting devices are a second motor, a worm wheel and a worm, the upper end of the second motor is fixed on the lower end face of the fixing plate, the worm wheel is fixed on an output shaft of the second motor, the worm wheel faces one side of the rotating shaft and is provided with the worm along the vertical direction, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm wheel and connected, the lower end of the worm is connected with a fixing block through a bearing, the fixing block is positioned on one side of the worm and is provided with a convex block, the convex block is positioned in a corresponding rectangular sliding chute and is in sliding connection with the rectangular sliding chute, the fixing block is positioned on the other side of, the diameter of the bottom circle of the drill bit is larger than the diameter of a circle formed by the outer walls of the outer sides of the three worms and smaller than the diameter of a circle formed by the outer walls of the inner sides of the three sampling containers.
Preferably, a control panel is arranged at the upper end of the fixed base and is respectively and electrically connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the first motor and the second motor.
Preferably, the supporting leg frame is of an L-shaped structure, and a bolt is arranged on the bottom end face of the supporting leg frame parallel to the ground.
Preferably, the bearing sleeve is provided with a scale mark matched with the rectangular sliding grooves between every two rectangular sliding grooves.
Preferably, the sampling container is of a cylindrical hollow structure, a first sealing cover is arranged at an upper end opening of the sampling container, the first sealing cover is in threaded connection with an upper end opening of the sampling container, two identical semicircular sealing doors are symmetrically arranged on two sides of an inner wall of the upper end of a lower end opening of the sampling container, the semicircular sealing doors are half of the lower end opening of the sampling container, and the semicircular sealing doors are hinged to the inner wall of the upper end of the lower end opening of the sampling container.
Preferably, the semicircular sealing door can rotate towards the inner wall of the upper end of the opening of the sampling container along the hinge joint, and the semicircular sealing door can rotate for 0-90 degrees along the hinge joint.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the soil loading device comprises the lifting device and the sampling container, three groups of soil loading devices are arranged, on one hand, the soil sample layers with different depths can be conveniently sampled at the same sampling point, on the other hand, the three groups of soil loading devices can be used for sampling the soil sample layers with the same depth at the same sampling point, the soil quality of the soil sample layers can be preliminarily distinguished according to the principle that two soil sampling devices are larger than one soil sampling device, and meanwhile, the accuracy of experimental results can be improved.
(2) In addition, the lifting device comprises a worm gear and a motor II, wherein the worm gear and worm mechanism not only can obtain a large transmission ratio, but also has a compact structure, large bearing capacity, low noise and self-locking capacity.
(3) According to the invention, the bearing sleeve is arranged between the rotating shaft and the drill bit, and the scale marks matched with the rectangular sliding grooves are arranged between every two rectangular sliding grooves of the bearing sleeve, so that the depth of the adopted soil sample can be conveniently known, and the bearing sleeve is beneficial to providing favorable help for experimental analysis.
(4) The sampling container is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the outer wall of the lower end of the sampling container is in threaded connection with the fixed block, the sampling containers of different specifications can be conveniently replaced, and the sampling container is matched with the soil drilling device for use, so that not only can soil samples of different layers be sampled, but also other soil samples can be prevented from being mixed in the sampling process.
(5) The inner wall of the upper end of the lower port of the sampling container is symmetrically hinged with a semicircular sealing door, when the sampling container descends, the semicircular sealing door positioned at the horizontal position rotates towards the inner wall of the upper end of the lower port of the sampling container along the hinged position and is attached to the inner wall of the upper end of the lower port of the sampling container under the action of the force of a soil sample on the semicircular sealing door, when the sampling container is full of the soil sample, the semicircular sealing door extrudes the two symmetrical semicircular sealing doors hinged at the inner wall of the upper end of the lower port of the sampling container to the horizontal position under the action of the self gravity of the soil sample in the sampling container, so that the effect of the semicircular sealing door on the lower port of the sampling container is realized, the soil sample in the sampling container is prevented from being scattered out of the sampling container when the sampling container is lifted, the upper port of the sampling container is provided with a first sealing cover which is in threaded connection, conveniently take out the soil sample, for taking out the soil sample from sample container lower port need with the interior soil sample of semicircular sealing door with sample container up-push, destroyed when having avoided soil sample layer structure to take out from sample container.
(6) The diameter of the bottom circle of the drill bit is larger than the diameter of the circle formed by the outer walls of the outer sides of the three worms and smaller than the diameter of the circle formed by the outer walls of the inner sides of the three sampling containers, so that a soil sample layer taken by the sampling containers is not damaged, the original structure of the soil sample layer is kept, the structural integrity of the taken soil sample layer is ensured, and the accuracy of an experimental result is improved.
Therefore, the soil sampling device for soil texture identification provided by the invention is convenient for simultaneously sampling soil sample layers with different depths at the same sampling point on one hand, and can be used for sampling the soil sample layers with the same depth at the same sampling point by utilizing three soil sampling devices on the other hand, so that the soil texture of the soil sample layers can be preliminarily distinguished, the integrity of the obtained soil sample layer structure can be ensured, the error brought in the sampling process is reduced, and the accuracy of the experimental result is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing block;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a sampling vessel;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the sampling container;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the instant structure of the present invention in operation;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a top view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fixed base; 2a, a first motor; 2b, a rotating shaft; 2c, a drill bit; 3a, a lifting device; 3b, a sampling container; 4. a support leg frame; 5. a hydraulic cylinder; 6. a coupling; 7. a bearing sleeve; 8. a rectangular chute; 9. a fixing plate; 10. a second motor; 11. a worm gear; 12. a worm; 13. a fixed block; 14. a bump; 15. a threaded hole; 16. a bolt; 17. scale lines; 18. a first sealing cover; 19. semicircular sealing doors.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a soil sampling device for soil quality identification comprises a fixed base 1, a soil drilling device and a soil loading device, wherein a control panel is arranged at the upper end of the fixed base 1 and is respectively electrically connected with a hydraulic cylinder 5, a first motor 2a and a second motor 10 for respectively controlling the soil drilling device and the soil loading device to work, three supporting leg frames 4 are vertically welded on the lower end face of the fixed base 1 downwards at equal intervals, each supporting leg frame 4 is of an L-shaped structure, a bolt 16 is arranged on the bottom end face of each supporting leg frame 4 parallel to the ground and is used for fixing the soil sampling device on the ground to prevent the soil drilling device from shaking, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is arranged at the central position inside the fixed base 1, the free end of a piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected with the soil drilling device, and the soil drilling device comprises a first motor 2a, a rotating shaft 2b and a drill bit 2c, the soil sampling device is characterized in that the motor I2 a is fixed in the motor box, the upper end of the motor box is connected with the free end of a piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder 5, the output shaft of the motor I2 a penetrates through the lower end of the motor box and is connected with one end of the rotating shaft 2b through the coupler 6, the other end of the rotating shaft 2b is fixedly provided with the drill bit 2c, the drill bit 2c is in a cone shape with the downward top end, a bearing sleeve 7 is arranged on the outer surface between the upper end of the rotating shaft 2b and the drill bit 2c, three rectangular sliding grooves 8 corresponding to the supporting leg frames 4 are formed in the outer surface of the bearing sleeve 7 at equal intervals in the vertical direction, a scale mark 17 matched with the rectangular sliding grooves 8 is arranged between every two rectangular sliding grooves 8 of the bearing sleeve 7, the depth of a soil sampling is convenient to measure, the same fixing plate 9 is horizontally welded on the upper end of each, the distance between the fixed plate 9 and the fixed base 1 is greater than the maximum distance of the worm 12, the lower end face of each fixed plate 9 is provided with the same soil loading device, each soil loading device comprises a lifting device 3a and a sampling container 3b, the lifting devices 3a are a second motor 10, a worm wheel 11 and a worm 12, the upper end of the second motor 10 is fixed on the lower end face of the fixed plate 9, the worm wheel 11 is fixed on the output shaft of the second motor 10, the worm 12 is arranged on one side of the worm wheel 11 facing the rotating shaft 2b and along the vertical direction, the worm 12 is meshed with the worm wheel 11, the lower end of the worm 12 is connected with a fixed block 13 through a bearing, a convex block 14 is arranged on one side of the worm 12 of the fixed block 13, the convex block 14 is arranged in the corresponding rectangular chute 8 and is slidably connected with the rectangular chute 8, a threaded hole 15 is arranged on the other side of the, the threaded hole 15 is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the bottom end of the sampling container 3b, the sampling container 3b is of a cylindrical hollow structure and is used for containing a soil sample, a soil sample layer obtained by the sampling container is complete, a first sealing cover 18 is arranged at an upper end opening of the sampling container 3b, the soil sample is taken out of the sampling container 3b after the soil sample is taken out, the first sealing cover 18 is in threaded connection with an upper end opening of the sampling container 3b, the sampling container 3b is convenient to take out, the sampling containers 3b with different specifications are convenient to replace, the first sealing cover 18 is convenient to open, two identical semicircular sealing doors 19 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the upper end of a lower end opening of the sampling container 3b, and the soil sample in the sampling container 3b is prevented from falling off from the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b due to the effect of the gravity of the soil sample in the process of the, therefore, the failure of soil sampling caused by the incomplete acquired soil sample is avoided, the semicircular sealing door 19 is one half of the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b, the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b can be completely sealed, the semicircular sealing door 19 is hinged with the upper end inner wall of the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b, the semicircular sealing door 19 can rotate towards the upper end inner wall of the opening of the sampling container along the hinge joint, the semicircular sealing door 19 can rotate 0-90 degrees along the hinge joint, when the sampling container 3b descends, the semicircular sealing door 19 positioned at the horizontal position rotates towards the upper end inner wall of the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b along the hinge joint and is attached to the upper end inner wall of the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b through the acting force of the soil sample to the semicircular sealing door 19, and after the soil sample is fully acquired, the semicircular sealing door 19 enables the two symmetrical semicircles hinged at the upper end inner wall of the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b under the action of the The shape sealing door 19 is extruded to the horizontal position, so that the effect of the semicircular sealing door 19 on sealing the lower end opening of the sampling container 3b is realized, the soil sample in the sampling container is prevented from being scattered outside the sampling container in the process that the soil sample is taken out of the sampling container 3b and the diameter of the bottom surface circle of the drill bit 2c is larger than the diameter of the circle surrounded by the outer walls of the outer sides of the three worms 12 and smaller than the diameter of the circle surrounded by the outer walls of the inner sides of the three sampling containers 3b, and the soil sample layer damaged by the drill bit 2c is not taken out all the time in the sampling process of the sampling container 3b, so that the integrity of the obtained soil sample layer is ensured, and the accuracy of the experimental result is also improved.
The working principle is as follows: firstly fixing a support foot rest 4 on the ground through a bolt 16, starting a hydraulic cylinder 5 and a first motor 2a through a control panel to make a drill bit 2c on a rotating shaft 2b drill holes on the ground, stopping working when the rotating shaft 2b extends into the ground to a required depth, starting a second motor 10, driving a worm 12 to move downwards while a worm wheel 11 on an output shaft of the second motor 10 rotates, sampling the soil while the lower end of the worm 12 is connected with a fixed block 13 through a bearing, a lug 14 on the fixed block 13, which is positioned at the left end of the worm 12, is positioned in a rectangular chute 8 and moves downwards along with the worm 12, a sampling container 3b, which is positioned at the right end of the worm 12, on the fixed block 13 moves downwards along with the worm 12, and sealing a semicircular sealing door 19 arranged in the lower opening of the sampling container 3b under the action of self gravity to seal the sampling container 3b, the soil sample in the sampling container 3b is prevented from slipping out, after the soil sample is taken by the sampling container 3b, the sampling container 3b ascends along with the screw rod 12, when the sampling container 3b ascends to the ground, the sampling container 3b is taken away from the fixed block 13, the first sealing cover 18 at the upper end of the sampling container 3b is opened, the opening at the upper end of the sampling container 3b is aligned with the test tube, the soil sample is placed in the test tube for experimental analysis, the integrity of the soil sample layer is not damaged in the whole soil sample taking process, so that the accuracy of the experimental result is improved, the error brought in the sampling process is reduced, finally the soil drilling device is lifted to the original position, as the soil loading devices in the sampling device are provided with three groups, on one hand, the soil sample layers with different depths can be conveniently sampled at the same sampling point at the same time, on the other hand, the same depth of the same sampling point can be sampled by utilizing three groups of soil, and the soil quality of the soil sample layer can be preliminarily distinguished according to the principle that the second value is larger than the first value, and the accuracy of the experimental result is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.