CN108571945B - Method for monitoring underwater geomembrane by using node array - Google Patents
Method for monitoring underwater geomembrane by using node array Download PDFInfo
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- CN108571945B CN108571945B CN201810631716.XA CN201810631716A CN108571945B CN 108571945 B CN108571945 B CN 108571945B CN 201810631716 A CN201810631716 A CN 201810631716A CN 108571945 B CN108571945 B CN 108571945B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring an underwater geomembrane by using a node array, which comprises the following steps: step one, a monitoring node array is arranged, a square monitoring disc and a square cover matched with the square monitoring disc are arranged at the middle section monitoring nodes positioned in the first row or the non-row, and a stress strain detection device is arranged in the square monitoring disc; step two, connecting the monitoring node array to the downward side of the geomembrane and laying the monitoring node array on the surface of an underwater reservoir basin or canal bottom together, wherein the stress-strain detection device is communicated with a central server of a control center through a network; step three, a central server technician of the control center obtains monitoring data of the monitoring node array, judges the monitoring data, and obtains coordinates of the deformation or damage position of the preliminary geomembrane. According to the technical scheme, the modularized production is carried out on the middle section monitoring nodes positioned in the first row or the non-row, so that the lap joint requirement of site construction is facilitated, and the method has great economic benefit and application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geomembrane anti-seepage engineering of water conservancy, construction, municipal administration and the like, in particular to a method for monitoring an underwater geomembrane by using a node array.
Background
Geomembrane seepage prevention is a relatively mature technology, is mainly used for vertical plastic-paving seepage prevention engineering of a water reservoir bottom or a canal bottom in early stage, and in recent years, the geomembrane horizontal seepage prevention technology is widely applied to plain reservoirs, south-to-north-transfer engineering and canal engineering in China, and the effectiveness of the geomembrane seepage prevention technology is also demonstrated.
There are few examples of using geomembrane full reservoir basin level barrier in karst mountain reservoirs and there are unsuccessful cases: for example, in the seepage prevention engineering of the pool dams in the mountain-east jujube village and the pomegranate garden, the rupture of the geomembrane is caused by improper drainage and exhaust and no monitoring measures. The anti-seepage technology of the Wang Puzhou reservoir basin adopts the geomembrane technology, the monitoring technology of the strain gauge is adopted, but only short-term observation is carried out, an effective monitoring means is lacked, and no actual monitoring effect is achieved.
In reservoir basin seepage-proofing engineering, the integrity of geomembranes is affected by two conditions: firstly, the geomembrane part is suspended due to the collapse of the foundation under the membrane, and the tensile strength and the shear strength of the extended membrane body are low, so that the membrane is easy to tear; secondly, the soil engineering membrane is damaged due to the fact that the soil engineering membrane is partially raised due to factors such as unsmooth exhaust and the like of the subgrade. At present, once the geomembrane is damaged, the actual difficulty that the cracking position is difficult to determine exists, and timely measures are taken to repair the geomembrane, so that the geomembrane is not easy to talk. The water leakage of the reservoir can be aggravated under the conditions, so that a large amount of water loss is caused, and the safety and normal operation of the reservoir are affected. Therefore, in the geomembrane application engineering, how to effectively detect the later-stage geomembrane and discover the damaged part in time is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the technical problem of how to quickly find and accurately position damaged parts aiming at the geomembrane used in underwater engineering.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a method for monitoring an underwater geomembrane by using a node array, which comprises the following steps:
setting a monitoring node array at the bottom of a reservoir basin or a canal, and setting stress-strain detection devices on all nodes in the array, wherein the stress-strain detection devices of middle monitoring nodes positioned in a first row or an unrow comprise square monitoring discs and square covers matched with the square monitoring discs;
arranging and attaching the monitoring node array to the bottom of the geomembrane, wherein the stress-strain detection device is communicated with a central server of a control center through a network;
step three, a central server technician of the control center obtains monitoring data signals of the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring node array, and the coordinates of nodes where the stress-strain detection devices with the maximum peak value or the earliest signal of the data signals are located are used as the position coordinates of deformation or damage of the geomembrane by comparing the threshold values of the monitoring data and judging the time.
In addition, the embodiment according to the invention can have the following additional technical features:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first step specifically includes providing at least three rows of monitoring nodes to form an odd-numbered row or an even-numbered row of monitoring node array, where each monitoring node of the even-numbered row is disposed between two adjacent monitoring node spacing areas of the odd-numbered row, each monitoring node includes a stress-strain detection device disposed therein, a rope is connected between the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring nodes in each row, the stress-strain detection devices in adjacent monitoring nodes in adjacent rows are connected by the rope to form a triangular mesh, the stress-strain detection device in the first monitoring node in the adjacent odd-numbered row is also connected by the rope, and the stress-strain detection devices in the end monitoring nodes in the adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected by the rope; the square monitoring disc comprises a line collecting table which is arranged on the symmetrical central axis of the left side and the right side of the square monitoring disc and is close to the straight edge on the upper side, a wiring plug is arranged on the line collecting table, two pairs of bolt holes taking the symmetrical central axis of the left side and the right side of the square monitoring disc as symmetrical axes are arranged on the line collecting table, one ends of the two pairs of connecting sheets are respectively matched with the two pairs of bolt holes through bolts and are fastened on the line collecting table, the other ends of the two pairs of connecting sheets are respectively and independently connected with two pairs of stress strain sensors, the connecting lines of the axial axes of one pair of stress strain sensors are collinear, the two ends of the rope are connected with the other ends of the connecting pieces, which are far away from the connecting pieces, of the square monitoring disc through bolts, waterproof plugs are arranged on the side walls of the square monitoring disc, the rope penetrates out of the square monitoring disc through the waterproof plugs and is connected with stress strain detection devices of other adjacent monitoring nodes, and signal wires of the stress strain sensors are respectively and electrically connected with control buses in the line through the wiring plugs;
the wiring plug sets up the line concentration platform position in the disk body of square monitoring dish, the wiring plug includes by the hollow tube of the interior departure of disk body and the ring flange of being connected with the hollow tube shows disk body one end the installation is a plurality of protruding posts on the hollow tube inner wall, protruding post is located the radial direction of hollow tube, and is a plurality of protruding post is followed the axial direction of hollow tube is arranged the outside mouth of pipe position of hollow tube shows the disk body and intraductal protruding post between be equipped with a plurality of gasbags, through the communication pipe UNICOM between the gasbag, the signal line passes the clearance of gasbag and protruding post stretches out the disk body.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the second step specifically comprises the steps of keeping tension among ropes in the monitoring node array, fixedly installing stress-strain detection devices arranged on the monitoring nodes on the downward side of the geomembrane, laying the geomembrane together with the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes arranged on the downward side on the surface of a reservoir basin or a canal bottom, connecting the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes in each row with a control bus of the row, and electrically connecting the control buses of each row with a control box arranged on a water bank.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third step specifically includes, when any geomembrane deforms, stress-strain detecting devices in monitoring nodes located at corresponding positions on the back of the geomembrane receive stress effects to send data signals, and meanwhile, ropes connected with the stress-strain detecting devices are also involved, so that peripheral stress-strain detecting devices can sense deformation of the geomembrane to send data signals, each data signal is transmitted to a control box through a control bus in which each data signal is located, a controller in the control box uploads each data signal to a cloud server, an internal program of a central server of the control center judges and compares the data signals, position coordinates of the monitoring node with the largest peak value of the data signals sent first are primarily determined as position coordinates of deformation or breakage of the geomembrane, and technicians informed of the coordinate signals can obtain relatively accurate deformation or breakage positions of the geomembrane by checking the corresponding monitoring nodes and surrounding areas thereof, so as to provide technical support for further emergency treatment.
The internal program of the central server of the control center discards stress peak value signals smaller than the threshold lower limit by sending out time sequences to the data signals and comparing the data signals with the threshold lower limit of stress peaks born by the geomembrane, and records stress peak value signals larger than the threshold lower limit, wherein the threshold lower limit can be set to 80-140N/125 PX, N units are newtons, and PX is a pixel.
The technical scheme has the working principle that in the concrete application of adopting the laid geomembrane to perform seepage prevention treatment on the underwater engineering, the membrane body of the geomembrane is easy to damage under the actions of foundation change, external force and the like, the actual situation of accidents such as reservoir basin or canal bottom seepage and the like can be caused when the membrane body is serious, a plurality of monitoring nodes are installed on one face of the geomembrane facing downwards, and the adjacent monitoring nodes are connected through ropes to form a mesh network structure, wherein the established ropes play roles of reinforcing ribs while participating in constructing a monitoring node array mesh and playing a stress signal linkage role, so that the tensile capacity of the underwater geomembrane can be enhanced, and the capacity of the geomembrane for resisting the external force to avoid damage can be improved by phase change, thereby realizing the best stress monitoring mode: the geomembrane is a good effect of never being or being less stressed. The method has the disadvantages that when the underwater geomembrane is deformed or damaged under stress at the initial stage, the possible obtained stress data signal value is smaller due to the ropes, the problem of reduced monitoring sensitivity due to the ropes can be solved by reducing the lower limit of the threshold value of the monitoring signal in the program of a later control center server, the stress tensile strength of the geomembrane is more than or equal to 250N/125px under the normal condition, the lower limit of the threshold value is set to 80-140N/125 px, the threshold value is artificially reduced, and the sensitivity of receiving the stress signal of the geomembrane is improved under the condition that the existing equipment is not increased. Thereby ensuring that the early stage of stress deformation and even damage of the geomembrane can be responded in time.
When a foundation under the underwater geomembrane is raised or gas is accumulated, the geomembrane is deformed or even broken under the action of water pressure and other external forces, a stress-strain detection device of a monitoring node closest to the position is pulled by a corresponding rope of a deformation area to generate a warning signal, and other ropes connected with the stress-strain detection device are also involved, so that the peripheral stress-strain detection devices can more or less sense the deformation signal of the geomembrane, all the signals are summarized to a control box through a control bus and are sequentially uploaded to a cloud server, the cloud server is communicated with a server of the control center, the server of the control center judges the acquired signals according to time sequence and peak value, and a related technical staff can primarily determine the position coordinate of the monitoring node with the peak value larger than the warning signal as the position coordinate of the damage of the geomembrane, and the related technical staff can obtain the relative accurate position of the damage of the geomembrane, so that the time is strived for timely treatment of the related staff, and the needs of the related staff are met;
the stress-strain detection device specifically comprises a stress-strain sensor, and the actual acquisition of stress data signals is acquired by the stress-strain sensor.
The cloud server can be directly accessed through the mobile terminal, deformation stress signal information recorded by each stress-strain detection device in the monitoring node under the underwater geomembrane is mastered in real time, the pre-judgment can be performed at the first time, precious rush repair time at the initial stage of membrane body cracking is obtained, and the risk is reduced to the minimum in an effort manner, so that the expansion of accidents is prevented.
The working principle of the invention is mature and reliable, and the deformation or damage position of the underwater geomembrane is positioned on the premise of not increasing too much investment.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring an underwater geomembrane using an array of nodes;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sector-shaped monitor plate structure of a first of the monitor nodes in an odd row of the monitor node array;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the fan-shaped monitor disk of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a square monitor panel structure of a middle monitor node in a first row or in an unworked row of the monitor node array;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the square monitor disk structure of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pentagonal monitor panel with the first and last monitor nodes in even rows of the array of monitor nodes;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the pentagonal monitor panel of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a regular hexagonal monitor disk of intermediate monitor nodes in the array of monitor nodes except for the first row and the non-row and except for the first and last monitor nodes in the row;
FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the regular hexagonal monitor disk of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of the regular hexagonal monitor panel of FIG. 8 with ground anchors;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a system employing an underwater geomembrane stress-strain monitoring method that monitors an array of nodes;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged construction of a wiring plug;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a rope restraining device;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the ratchet and cable engagement of FIG. 13;
the system comprises a reservoir basin or canal bottom, 2, a monitoring node, 3, a rope, 4, a control bus, 5, a wireless router, 6, a cloud server, 7, a mobile terminal, 8, a center server, 9, a gateway, 10, a control box, 11, a geomembrane, 12, a fan-shaped monitoring disc, 13, a turnover edge, 14, a stress strain sensor, 15, a waterproof plug, 16, a bolt, 17, a clamp plate, 18, a connecting piece, 19, a hub, 20, a wiring plug, 21, a fan-shaped cover, 22, a square monitoring disc, 23, a square cover, 24, a pentagonal monitoring disc, 25, a pentagonal cover, 26, a signal wire, 27, an air bag, 28, a protruding column, 29, a communication tube, 30, an upper mounting seat, 31, a ratchet, 32, a lower mounting seat, 33, a radial notch, 34, a conical body, 35, a transverse torsion bar, 36, a ratchet spindle, 37, a lower groove, 38, an upper groove tube, 39, a hollow side wall, 40, a positive monitoring disc, 41, a regular hexagonal cover, and 42.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Further description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings;
the present monitoring method and system can be applied to a reservoir basin or canal floor 1, in the stress monitoring of a geomembrane 11 laid in the canal floor of a reservoir basin or canal of a reservoir, a method for monitoring an underwater geomembrane using a node array is provided in fig. 1 to 14, comprising the steps of:
step one, arranging a monitoring node array at the bottom of a reservoir basin or canal, and arranging stress-strain detection devices on each node in the array, wherein the stress-strain detection devices of the middle monitoring nodes 2 positioned in the first row or the non-row comprise square monitoring discs 22 and square covers 23 matched with the square monitoring discs 22;
arranging and applying the monitoring node array to the bottom of the geomembrane 11, wherein the stress-strain detection device is communicated with a central server 8 of a control center through a network; here, the network may be a 3G or 4G network.
Step three, a central server technician of the control center obtains monitoring data signals of the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring node array, and the coordinates of nodes where the stress-strain detection devices with the maximum peak value or earliest sending signal 8 of the data signals are located are used as the deformed or damaged position coordinates of the geomembrane 11 through threshold comparison and time judgment on the monitoring data;
the first step specifically includes setting at least three rows of monitoring nodes 2 to form a monitoring node array of an odd-numbered row or an even-numbered row, wherein each monitoring node 2 of the even-numbered row is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node 2 interval areas of the odd-numbered row, each monitoring node 2 comprises a stress-strain detection device, a rope 3 is connected between the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring nodes 2 in each row, the stress-strain detection devices in the adjacent monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent rows are connected through the rope 3 to form a triangular mesh, the stress-strain detection devices in the first monitoring node 2 in the adjacent odd-numbered row are also connected with the rope 3, and the stress-strain detection devices of the end monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected through the rope 3;
in addition, as shown at B in fig. 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a square cover 23 is matched on the square monitoring disc 22, a turning edge 13 is arranged on the outer side of an upper straight edge and a lower straight edge between the left side and the right side of the square cover 23, a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge 13, the square monitoring disc 22 is faced, a line collecting table 19 is arranged on the straight edge position which is positioned on the symmetrical central axis of the left side and the right side of the square monitoring disc 22 and is close to the upper side, a wiring plug 20 is arranged on the line collecting table 19, two pairs of bolt holes taking the symmetrical central axes of the left side and the right side of the square monitoring disc 22 as symmetrical axes are arranged on the line collecting table 19, one end of each pair of connecting pieces 18 is respectively matched with the two pairs of bolt holes through bolts 16 and fastened on the line collecting table 19, the other ends of the two pairs of connecting pieces 18 are respectively and independently connected with two pairs of stress strain sensors 14, the connecting lines of the axial axes of one pair of stress strain sensors 14 are collinear and parallel to the upper straight edge and the lower straight edge between the left side and the right side of the square monitoring disc 22, the axial axes of the other pair of stress strain sensors 14 are symmetric in a splayed shape relative to the symmetry central axes of the left side and the right side in the square monitoring disc 22, the other end of each stress strain sensor 14 far away from the connecting piece 18 is also provided with a bolt hole, one end of a rope 3 is crimped on the other end of the stress strain sensor 14 far away from the connecting piece 18 by the pressing plate 17 through the cooperation of the bolt 16 and the bolt hole, the side wall of the square monitoring disc 22 is provided with a waterproof plug 15, the rope 3 penetrates out of the square monitoring disc 22 through the waterproof plug 15 to be connected with the stress strain detection devices of other adjacent monitoring nodes 2, the signal lines 26 of the stress-strain sensors 14 are electrically connected to the control bus 4 in the row via the connection plugs 20.
The second step specifically includes that tension is kept between ropes 3 in the monitoring node array, stress strain detection devices arranged on the monitoring nodes 2 are fixedly installed on one downward face of the geomembrane 11, the geomembrane 11 and the stress strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 installed on the downward face are laid on the bottom surface of a reservoir basin or a canal, the stress strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 in each row are connected with control buses 4 of the row, and the control buses 4 of each row are electrically connected with a control box 10 arranged on a water bank.
The third step specifically includes, when any geomembrane 11 deforms, stress-strain detecting devices in the monitoring nodes 2 located at corresponding positions on the back of the geomembrane 11 receive stress to send out data signals, meanwhile, ropes 3 connected with the stress-strain detecting devices are also involved, so that peripheral stress-strain detecting devices can sense the deformation of the geomembrane 11 to send out data signals, each data signal is transmitted to a control box 10 through a control bus 4 where the data signal is located, a controller in the control box 10 uploads each data signal to a cloud server 6, an internal program of a central server 8 of the control center judges and compares the data signals, sends out time sequences, discards stress peak signals smaller than a threshold lower limit, records stress peak signals larger than the threshold lower limit, and the threshold lower limit can be set to 80 or 100 or 140N/125PX, N is newton, PX is a pixel of the geomembrane; the position coordinates of the monitoring node 2 which sends out the data signal firstly or has the maximum data signal peak value are preliminarily determined as the position coordinates of deformation or damage of the geomembrane 11, and technicians which acquire the coordinate signals can check the corresponding monitoring node 2 and surrounding areas thereof, so that the relative accurate deformation or damage position of the geomembrane 11 can be obtained, and technical support is provided for further emergency treatment.
As shown at a in fig. 11, the stress-strain detecting device of the first monitoring node 2 in the odd-numbered row includes a fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12 is matched with a fan-shaped cover 21, a turning edge 13 is arranged on the outer side of two straight edges of the fan-shaped cover 21, and a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge 13, so that the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12 can be connected on the downward side of the geomembrane 11, namely the back side of the geomembrane 11, by sewing or riveting, by using the mounting hole on the turning edge 13. The wire collecting table 19 is arranged at the position, opposite to one side, of the arc edge in the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, the wire collecting table 19 is provided with a wiring plug 20, three bolt holes are formed in the edge of the table surface, close to one side of the arc edge of the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, of the wire collecting table 19, one ends of the three connecting pieces 18 are respectively fastened to the wire collecting table 19 through the matching of bolts 16 and the three bolt holes, the other ends of the three connecting pieces 18 are respectively connected with stress strain sensors 14, the other end, far away from the connecting pieces 18, of each stress strain sensor 14 is also provided with a bolt hole, one end of a rope 3 is in pressure connection with the other end, far away from the connecting pieces 18, of the stress strain sensor 14 through the matching of the bolts 16 and the bolt holes, a waterproof plug 15 is arranged on the side wall of the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, the rope 3 penetrates out of the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12 through the waterproof plug 15 to be connected with stress strain detection devices in other adjacent monitoring nodes 2, and signal wires 26 of the stress strain sensors 14 are respectively electrically connected with the control buses 4 in the row through the wiring plug 20.
In fig. 11, a system for monitoring an underwater geomembrane by using a node array is shown, which comprises arranging at least three rows of monitoring nodes 2 in a water area in a reservoir basin or a canal bottom 1 to form an odd-row or even-row monitoring node array, wherein each monitoring node 2 in the even-row is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node 2 interval areas in the odd-row, each monitoring node 2 comprises a stress-strain detection device, a rope 3 is connected between the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring nodes 2 in each row, the stress-strain detection devices in the adjacent monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent rows are connected through the rope 3 to form a triangular mesh, the stress-strain detection devices in the first monitoring node 2 in the adjacent odd-row are also connected with the rope 3, and the stress-strain detection devices of the end monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent odd-row are also connected through the rope 3;
the ropes 3 in the monitoring node array are kept tensioned, the monitoring nodes 2 are fixedly arranged on the downward side of the geomembrane 11, the geomembrane 11 and the monitoring nodes 2 on the downward side are laid on the surface of an underwater reservoir basin or canal bottom 1, the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 in each row are connected with the control buses 4 of the row, and the control buses 4 of each row are electrically connected with the control boxes 10 arranged on the water bank; the control box 10 is in communication with the cloud server 6, the cloud server 6 is in communication with the central server 8 of the control center through the gateway 9, and the cloud server 6 is also in communication with the mobile terminal 7.
The control box 10 comprises a controller and a wireless transmitting module connected with the controller, and the wireless transmitting module is communicated with the cloud server 6 through the wireless router 5.
The controller is a PLC controller, and the rope 3 is a stainless steel wire rope.
The PLC controller is installed in the control box 10, and is electrically connected to peripheral electrical accessories such as a power source, a start switch, an indicator light, etc., which are conventional to those skilled in the art, and thus will not be described again.
Further, as shown at C in FIG. 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in FIGS. 6, 7, the stress-strain detecting device of the first and the last monitoring nodes in the even number rows includes a pentagonal monitoring disk 24 and a pentagonal cover 25 mated with the pentagonal monitoring disk 24, facing the pentagonal monitoring disk 24, two mutually parallel upper and lower end sides are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the pentagonal cover 25 in the horizontal direction, and the outer sides of the upper and lower end sides are respectively provided with a turn-over 13, a mounting hole is provided on the turn-over 13, five sides of the pentagonal monitoring disk 24 include upper and lower straight sides which are mutually parallel, a left straight side which is perpendicular to the upper and lower straight sides respectively, a right side includes an upper-stage side and a lower-stage side, one end of the upper-stage side is connected to the right end of the upper straight side, one end of the lower-stage side is connected to the right end of the lower straight side, the other ends of the upper section side and the lower section side are connected with each other, the connection intersection point of the upper section side and the lower section side is far away from the left side edge of the pentagon monitoring disc 24 to form an outer protrusion, an included angle larger than zero and smaller than 180 degrees exists between the upper section side and the lower section side, a line concentration table 19 is arranged in the middle of the pentagon monitoring disc 24, a wiring plug 20 is arranged on the line concentration table 19, a pair of bolt holes are respectively arranged at the edges close to the upper side and the lower side of the line concentration table 19, the two pairs of bolt holes are symmetrical relative to the line concentration table 19, one bolt hole is arranged at the edge close to the right side of the line concentration table in the pentagon monitoring disc, and the pentagon monitoring disc can be used by turning 180 degrees in order to meet the direction requirement of the pentagon monitoring disc of the first monitoring node and the last monitoring node of even number lines; the radial centers of the bolt holes on the right edge of the line concentration table are opposite to the vertex angle formed by the connection intersection point of the upper section edge and the lower section edge and are positioned on the extension line of the angle bisector of the vertex angle, and the radial centers of a pair of bolt holes respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side edge of the line concentration table 19 are positioned on the diagonal line of the mutual cross connection of two pairs of vertex angles where the two ends of the upper straight edge and the lower straight edge of the pentagon monitoring disc 24 are positioned. The radial centers of the bolt holes are positioned on the crossed diagonal lines, so that ropes connected to the stress-strain sensor 14 can conveniently penetrate out along the vertex angles without bending. The sensitivity of the sensor to stress sensing is improved.
One end of five connection pieces 18 is fastened on a line concentration table 19 through the cooperation of bolts 16 and bolt holes respectively, the other end of five connection pieces 18 is respectively and independently connected with stress strain sensors 14, the other end of each stress strain sensor 14 far away from connection pieces 18 is provided with a fastening hole, one end of a rope is pressed and connected with the other end of the stress strain sensor 14 far away from connection pieces 18 through the cooperation of bolts 16 and fastening holes by a pressing plate 17, a waterproof plug 15 is arranged on the side wall of a pentagon monitoring disc 24, five ropes penetrate out of the side wall through the waterproof plug 15 and are connected with other adjacent monitoring nodes, and signal lines 26 of the five stress strain sensors 14 are respectively and electrically connected with a control bus 4 in the line through the wiring plug 20.
Finally, as shown at D in FIG. 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, except for the first row and the non-row, and the middle monitoring node of the first and the last monitoring nodes in the row comprises a regular hexagon monitoring disc 40 and a regular hexagon cover 41 matched with the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40, facing the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40, in the horizontal direction, two straight sides parallel to each other are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the regular hexagon cover, the outer sides of the two straight sides are respectively provided with a turning edge 13, a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge 13, six vertex angles of the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40 are three pairs of symmetrical vertex angles symmetrical about the symmetry center in the disc, a line collecting table 19 is arranged at the symmetry center in the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40, a wiring plug 20 is arranged on the line collecting table 19, six bolt holes are respectively arranged at the edges near the upper side and the lower side and the left side and the right side of the line collecting table 19, three pairs of the six bolt holes form three pairs symmetrical about the symmetry center in the disc, each pair of the three pairs of the bolt holes are respectively positioned on the projection diagonal projection of the three pairs of the line collecting tables 19 on the front side of the line collecting table 40,
one end of each of the six connecting pieces 18 is fastened on the line concentration table 19 through the cooperation of the bolts 16 and the bolt holes, the other ends of the six connecting pieces 18 are respectively and independently connected with the stress strain sensors 14, the other end, far away from the connecting piece 18, of each stress strain sensor 14 is provided with a fastening hole, one end of a rope is pressed and connected with the other end, far away from the connecting piece 18, of the stress strain sensor 14 through the cooperation of the bolts 16 and the fastening holes by the pressing plate 17, the side wall of the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40 is provided with a waterproof plug 15, six ropes penetrate out of the side wall through the waterproof plug 15 and are connected with other adjacent monitoring nodes, and signal lines 26 of the six stress strain sensors 14 are respectively and electrically connected with the control bus 4 in the line through the wiring plug 20.
As shown in fig. 10, the regular-hexagon monitoring discs may also be provided with a fixed anchor 42, because the regular-hexagon monitoring discs are often arranged in the middle area of the whole geomembrane 11, the displacement is small compared with the edge area of the geomembrane 11, so that the fixed anchor 42 can be used for relatively keeping positioning, the fixed anchor 42 can be grasped in the mud of the water bottom, so that each regular-hexagon monitoring disc is relatively fixed on the water bottom, that is, a plurality of original coordinates are artificially established, when the geomembrane 11 is damaged or deformed, the stress-strain sensor 14 in the node is applied with a force path by the rope, and the central server 8 directly obtains the relative coordinates of the original points of the fixed regular-hexagon monitoring discs as a reference point according to the transmitted data signals, so that the damaged or deformed position of the geomembrane 11 can be obtained more rapidly by less program operation than by traversing the whole water bottom area to zero.
In fig. 12, there is provided a patch plug 20, the patch plug 20 is respectively disposed at a line concentration table 19 in a tray body of a sector-shaped monitoring tray 12, a square-shaped monitoring tray 22, a pentagonal monitoring tray 24 and a regular hexagonal monitoring tray 40, the patch plug 20 comprises a hollow tube penetrating through the tray body and a flange connected with one end of the exposed tray body of the hollow tube, a plurality of protruding columns 28 are mounted on the inner wall of the hollow tube, the protruding columns 28 are located in the radial direction of the hollow tube, a plurality of protruding columns 28 are arranged along the axial direction of the hollow tube, a plurality of air bags 27 are disposed between the opening position of the exposed tray body of the hollow tube and the protruding columns 28 in the tube, the air bags 27 are communicated through a communication tube 29, a signal line 26 extends out of the tray body through a gap between the air bags 27 and the protruding columns 28, taking the square-shaped monitoring tray 22 as an example, when the square monitoring disc 22 and the geomembrane 11 are installed under water, under the action of water pressure, the air bags 27 at the pipe orifice outside the disc body are compressed, the air bags 27 are communicated with each other through the communication pipe 29, after the air bags 27 outside the pipe orifice are compressed, the air bags 27 in the hollow pipe of the wiring plug 20 are expanded, the air bags are further wrapped on the circumference of the signal wire 26 passing through the wiring plug 20, under the wrapping of the air bags 27, the signal wire 26 is surrounded by the protruding columns 28 which are staggered in the pipe diameter of the signal wire 26 to become more \36918 or \366, so that the air bags 27 and the protruding columns 28 are matched to increase the bending degree in the pipe, on the one hand, the waterproof sealing effect in the monitoring disc is guaranteed, on the other hand, because the protruding columns 28 are made of soft rubber materials, when the stress strain sensor 14 in the square monitoring disc 22 is stressed, the signal wire 26 can freely stretch in the hollow pipe when weak displacement occurs, the situation that the signal wire 26 and the terminal of the internal stress strain sensor 14 are broken due to overlarge stress so that stress signals cannot be transmitted is avoided, and thus the working reliability of the monitoring disc is greatly improved.
In fig. 13 and 14, a rope limiting device is provided, in order to ensure that the rope in the monitoring array effectively displaces under the action of stress, and the rope limiting device is not deviated due to the catch of attachments, the rope limiting device can be arranged on the ground of a reservoir basin or a canal bottom through which the rope passes, the rope limiting device comprises an upper mounting seat 30, a turning edge 13 is arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper mounting seat 30, a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge 13, an upper groove pipe 38 is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the upper mounting seat 30, the upper groove pipe 38 passes through and is parallel to the left and right symmetrical central axes of the upper mounting seat 30, the upper groove pipe 38 is a groove pipe with an opening at the lower part, a side wall hole 39 is arranged on one side of the middle section of the upper groove pipe 38, the upper mounting seat 30 is connected with a lower mounting seat 32 positioned right below in a matched manner, a lower groove 37 is arranged on the lower mounting seat 32 at a position corresponding to the upper groove pipe 38, the lower groove 37 is provided with a ratchet wheel 31 corresponding to a side wall hollowed hole 39 of the upper groove pipe 38, the ratchet wheel 31 is matched with a conical body 34 under the lower mounting seat 32 through a ratchet wheel main shaft 36, the conical body 34 comprises an upper plane and a lower conical drill, the side wall of the conical drill is provided with spiral threads to play a role of a drill bit in use, time and labor are saved, the radial center of the upper plane is provided with a counter bore along the axial axis direction of the lower conical drill, two opposite side walls which are positioned on the conical drill and are close to the upper plane are provided with radial notches 33, the radial notches 33 are communicated with the counter bores, the ratchet wheel main shaft 36 is matched with the counter bores, the lower end of the ratchet wheel main shaft 36 is connected with the middle part of a lower transverse torsion bar 35, two ends of the transverse torsion bar 35 are positioned in the radial notches 33, when the ropes are buckled in the lower grooves 37 and the upper groove pipes 38 of the upper mounting seat 30 and the lower mounting seat 32, the conical body 34 is implanted into mud at the bottom of a reservoir basin or a canal, when the ropes are subjected to stress to displace, the ratchet wheel 31 is triggered to rotate, the ratchet wheel 31 is a one-way wheel and only rotates towards one direction, under the driving of the ratchet wheel 31, the ratchet wheel main shaft 36 drives the transverse torsion bar 35 in the radial notch 33 to rotate and apply moment on the conical body 34, so that the conical drill at the lower part of the conical body 34 drills into the mud, and the displacement of the stress on the ropes is limited, so that the conical drill cannot be fed too much, and only the node array formed by the ropes and the geomembrane 11 laid on the node array are tightly attached to the bottom of the reservoir basin or the canal, thereby avoiding the displacement of the geomembrane 11; even if gas exists below the geomembrane 11, the geomembrane 11 still can be attached to a reservoir basin or a canal bottom under the action of the rope and the cone 34, which is equivalent to uniformly spreading the gas in a larger area below the geomembrane 11, so that local bulge of the geomembrane 11 is avoided, local stress and damage caused by accumulation of the gas on a small point of the geomembrane 11 are delayed or avoided, and under the action of the rope and the rope limiting device, the geomembrane 11 has a stronger tensile effect and a firmer ground grabbing effect, and accidental damage of the underwater geomembrane 11 is reduced from two aspects. In addition, a torque sensor can be arranged between the ratchet main shaft 36 and the lower mounting seat 32, and the signal wire of the torque sensor is connected into the control box through a corresponding data bus and the signal uploading network is transmitted to the central server 8 similarly to the stress strain sensor, so that the stress monitoring of the underwater geomembrane is supplemented, and a new way of stress monitoring is established.
Here, when the rope is pulled by the opposite stress of the other direction, the rope moves in the opposite direction, and the ratchet wheel 31 moving in one direction does not participate in the movement, so that the conical drill is ensured to drill holes only to the bottom of the reservoir basin or the canal bottom, and the whole rope limiting device is prevented from being screwed out of mud in the reservoir basin or the canal bottom;
the rope limiting device can ensure the rope not to be twisted, and meanwhile, the groove structure can also clear mud or other attachments attached to the rope, so that the geomembrane and the rope can meet the laying of reservoir basin or canal bottom or partial undulating water bottom working conditions. In addition, although each rope is bound to each disc body, the disc body does not have larger displacement, if the rope limiting device is connected below the disc bodies of the fan-shaped disc 12 or the square monitoring disc 22 or the pentagonal monitoring disc 24 or the regular hexagonal monitoring disc 40 and is pricked into mud, the limitation on the displacement amplitude of the disc body is realized under the condition that the stress monitoring is not influenced, and the traction amplitude of the disc body to the geomembrane body in the stress strain is further reduced or avoided, so that the whole system can obtain more reliable operation guarantee.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the term "one embodiment" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A method for monitoring an underwater geomembrane using an array of nodes, comprising the steps of:
setting a monitoring node array at the bottom of a reservoir basin or a canal, and setting stress-strain detection devices on all nodes in the array, wherein the stress-strain detection devices of middle monitoring nodes positioned in a first row or an unrow comprise square monitoring discs and square covers matched with the square monitoring discs;
arranging at least three monitoring nodes to form a monitoring node array of an odd-numbered line or an even-numbered line, wherein each monitoring node of the even-numbered line is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node interval areas of the odd-numbered line, each monitoring node comprises a stress-strain detection device, ropes are connected between the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring nodes in each line, the stress-strain detection devices in the adjacent monitoring nodes of the adjacent lines are connected through the ropes to form triangular meshes, ropes are also connected between the stress-strain detection devices in the first monitoring node in the adjacent odd-numbered line, and the stress-strain detection devices of the tail end monitoring nodes in the adjacent odd-numbered line are also connected through the ropes;
the wire collecting table is provided with a wiring plug, two pairs of bolt holes taking the symmetrical central axes of the left side and the right side in the square monitoring disc as symmetrical shafts are arranged on the wire collecting table, one ends of the two pairs of connecting pieces are respectively matched with the two pairs of bolt holes through bolts and fastened on the wire collecting table, the other ends of the two pairs of connecting pieces are respectively and independently connected with two pairs of stress strain sensors, the connecting lines of the axial axes of one pair of stress strain sensors are collinear, and are parallel to the upper side and the lower side of the left side of the square monitoring disc, the axial axes of the other pair of stress strain sensors are symmetrical and form a Chinese character 'ba' shape with respect to the symmetrical central axes of the left side and the right side of the square monitoring disc, one end of each pair of connecting pieces is also matched with the other end of the cable through bolts, the other end of the cable is far away from the other end of the wire collecting table, and is respectively connected with the other end of the cable through the wire collecting table, and the other end of the cable is far away from the other end of the wire collecting disc through the waterproof plug;
the wiring plug is arranged at the position of the line concentration table in the disc body of the square monitoring disc; the wiring plug comprises a hollow pipe penetrating through the disc body and a flange connected with one end of the disc body exposed out of the hollow pipe, a plurality of protruding columns are arranged on the inner wall of the hollow pipe, the protruding columns are arranged in the radial direction of the hollow pipe, the protruding columns are distributed along the axial direction of the hollow pipe, a plurality of air bags are arranged at the pipe opening position of the outer part of the disc body exposed out of the hollow pipe and between the protruding columns in the pipe, the air bags are communicated through a communication pipe, and a signal wire penetrates through a gap between the air bags and the protruding columns and extends out of the disc body;
arranging and attaching the monitoring node array to the bottom of the geomembrane, wherein the stress-strain detection device is communicated with a central server of a control center through a network;
the method comprises the steps of keeping tension among ropes in a monitoring node array, fixedly mounting stress-strain detection devices arranged on all monitoring nodes on one downward-facing surface of a geomembrane, laying the geomembrane on the surface of a reservoir basin or a canal bottom together with the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes mounted on the downward-facing surface, wherein the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes in all rows are connected with control buses of the row, and the control buses of all rows are electrically connected with a control box arranged on a water bank;
step three, a central server technician of the control center obtains monitoring data signals of the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring node array, and the coordinates of nodes where the stress-strain detection devices with the maximum peak value or earliest signal of the data signals are located are used as the position coordinates of deformation or damage of the geomembrane by comparing the threshold values of the monitoring data and judging the time;
when any geomembrane deforms, the stress-strain detection device in the monitoring node at the corresponding position on the back of the geomembrane is subjected to stress action to send out a data signal, meanwhile, the rope connected with the stress-strain detection device is also involved, so that the peripheral stress-strain detection devices can sense the deformation of the geomembrane to send out the data signal, each data signal is transmitted to the control box through the control bus where the data signal is located, the controller in the control box uploads each data signal to the cloud server, the internal program of the central server of the control center judges and compares the data signal, the position coordinate of the monitoring node with the largest peak value of the data signal sent out first is preliminarily determined as the position coordinate of deformation or breakage of the geomembrane, and technicians informed of the coordinate signal can check the corresponding monitoring node and surrounding areas thereof, so that the relatively accurate deformation or breakage position of the geomembrane can be obtained, and technical support is provided for further emergency treatment.
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