CN108547261B - Monitoring method of underwater geomembrane monitoring system adopting sector monitoring disc - Google Patents
Monitoring method of underwater geomembrane monitoring system adopting sector monitoring disc Download PDFInfo
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- CN108547261B CN108547261B CN201810632010.5A CN201810632010A CN108547261B CN 108547261 B CN108547261 B CN 108547261B CN 201810632010 A CN201810632010 A CN 201810632010A CN 108547261 B CN108547261 B CN 108547261B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 237
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 59
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater geomembrane monitoring system and method adopting a fan-shaped monitoring disc, wherein at least three rows of monitoring nodes are arranged in a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom water area, a stress strain detection device of the first monitoring node in an odd number row comprises the fan-shaped monitoring disc, a line concentration table is arranged at a position, opposite to an arc edge, in the fan-shaped monitoring disc, a line concentration table is provided with a wiring plug, three bolt holes are arranged on the edge of a table top, close to the arc edge, of the fan-shaped monitoring disc, of the line concentration table, one end of each of the three connecting pieces is fastened on the line concentration table through the matching of bolts and the three bolt holes, the other ends of the three connecting pieces are respectively connected with stress strain sensors, and signal wires of the stress strain sensors are respectively and electrically connected with a control bus in the line through the wiring plug. According to the technical scheme, in the leakage prevention and treatment of the dam, the monitoring nodes adopt a modularized standard structure, so that the construction is convenient, and the monitoring of the damage of the underwater geomembrane is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a monitoring method of an underwater geomembrane monitoring system adopting a fan-shaped monitoring disc.
Background
The geomembrane is used as a high molecular polymer, has high tensile strength and high elongation, bears water pressure and adapts to deformation of a dam body, and is widely applied to hydraulic engineering due to water impermeability so as to isolate leakage channels of water flow. In the early stage of China, the geomembrane is used for vertical plastic-paving seepage-proofing engineering of a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom, and the geomembrane is widely applied to water conservancy projects such as plain reservoirs in recent years; in the engineering of plain reservoir, face rockfill dam, canal and cofferdam, it is an effective technique to adopt geomembrane for seepage prevention.
In general, if a plurality of monitoring nodes are laid under a geomembrane to obtain state data of a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom, the monitoring nodes are required to be controlled one by one, so that a control system is complicated, if a network structure is adopted, a bus structure is required to be adopted for data transmission, once a certain monitoring node is damaged and cannot work normally, data collection is blank, an island of the monitoring node exists, the integrity of the reservoir bottom or the canal bottom and the geomembrane can not be completely guaranteed, if ropes are adopted to link the monitoring nodes to form a monitoring node array, but in the monitoring node array, the monitoring node structures at different positions are different, some monitoring nodes at the edge of the array are required to be linked with ropes on one side, and some monitoring nodes at the center of the array are required to be linked with front, rear, left, right and surrounding nodes, so that monitoring nodes with various structures are required to be adopted for selection.
At present, in urban construction and partial hydraulic engineering, the adoption of geomembranes for seepage prevention in areas with poor geological conditions and lacking ideal impermeable layers becomes a preferred scheme. The geomembrane belongs to a flexible material, has strong adaptability to deformation of an underwater foundation, and can meet the economic life requirements of most hydraulic engineering at the aging speed under the condition of not being pierced and torn by external force, and is particularly suitable for being used as a reservoir bottom seepage prevention scheme in areas with multiple earthquakes and karst areas.
In practical application, the integrity of the geomembrane can face the test of deformation of the underwater foundation, and the deformation of the underwater foundation generally has two types, namely, the submerged foundation is in a collapse state, so that the geomembrane is partially suspended, the tensile strength and the shear strength of the membrane body are lower, and the submerged foundation is raised and the local stress, the displacement and the like of the geomembrane are caused by gas expansion. In short, once the underwater reservoir bottom geomembrane is damaged under the actions of geological environment, water and soil organisms, external force of a liner, flatulence and the like, the important defect that the cracking position is difficult to determine is immediately displayed. Because the seepage water rapidly diffuses in the soil body after passing through the geomembrane, even the embedded monitoring instrument can not determine the damaged part in a small range. The defect causes the short rush repair time to be lost in the initial stage of the membrane body cracking, leads the rupture and the permeation damage of the geomembrane to be rapidly expanded, and seriously threatens the safety of hydraulic engineering.
In a word, once the geomembrane is destroyed, the leakage of reservoir water is aggravated, a large amount of water is lost, the normal operation of the reservoir is influenced, and the engineering safety is endangered. Therefore, effective monitoring techniques must be employed for geomembrane operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the technical problem of how to quickly find and accurately position the underwater anti-seepage geomembrane after accidental breakage is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an underwater geomembrane monitoring system adopting a sector monitoring disc, at least three rows of monitoring nodes are arranged in a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom water area, an odd-row or even-row monitoring node array is formed, the first stress-strain detection device of the monitoring nodes in the odd-row comprises the sector monitoring disc, the sector monitoring disc is matched with a sector cover, a turning edge is arranged on the outer sides of two straight edges of the sector cover, a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge, a line concentration table is arranged at a position, opposite to one side of an arc edge, in the sector monitoring disc, a wiring plug is arranged on the line concentration table, one end of each of three connecting pieces is fastened on the line concentration table through matching of bolts and the three bolt holes, the other ends of the three connecting pieces are respectively connected with stress-strain sensors, one end of a rope is crimped on the stress-strain sensors through matching of the bolts and the bolt holes, the other ends of the pressing plate are away from the other connecting pieces of the sector-strain sensors, the other end of the rope is connected with the other stress-strain sensors through the waterproof plug in the adjacent line concentration table, and the water-proof plug is connected with the other monitoring device through the wiring plug in the line concentration table, and the other monitoring device is connected with the line-concentration cable through the other wire-plug.
A method of an underwater geomembrane monitoring system employing a sector-shaped monitoring disc, comprising the steps of:
setting at least three rows of monitoring nodes in a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom water area to form a monitoring node array of an odd number row or an even number row, wherein each monitoring node of the even number row is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node interval areas of the odd number row, each monitoring node comprises a stress-strain detection device, the stress-strain detection device of the first monitoring node in the odd number row comprises a sector-shaped monitoring disc, the stress-strain detection devices of the first monitoring node and the last monitoring node in the even number row comprise pentagon monitoring discs and pentagon covers matched with the pentagon monitoring discs, the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes in each row are connected with each other to form triangular meshes, the stress-strain detection devices of the adjacent monitoring nodes in the adjacent odd number row are connected with each other through ropes, and the stress-strain detection devices of the end monitoring nodes in the adjacent odd number row are also connected with each other through ropes;
the second step comprises the steps of keeping tension among ropes in a monitoring node array, fixedly mounting stress-strain detection devices arranged on the monitoring nodes on one downward surface of a geomembrane, laying the geomembrane together with the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes mounted on the downward surface on the bottom surface of a reservoir or the bottom surface of a canal, wherein the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes in each row are connected with control buses of the row, and the control buses of each row are electrically connected with control boxes arranged on a embankment;
step three, when any geomembrane deforms, stress strain detection devices in monitoring nodes at corresponding positions on the back of the geomembrane are subjected to stress action to send out data signals, meanwhile, ropes connected with the stress strain detection devices are also involved, so that peripheral stress strain detection devices can sense the deformation of the geomembrane to send out data signals, each data signal is transmitted to a control box through a control bus where the data signal is located, a controller in the control box uploads each data signal to a cloud server, internal programs of a central server of the control center judge and compare the arrival time of the data signals, stress peak signals smaller than the threshold lower limit are discarded, stress peak signals larger than the threshold lower limit are recorded, the threshold lower limit is set to be 80-140N/125 PX, N units are newtons, and PX is a pixel of the geomembrane; the position coordinates of the monitoring nodes which send out the data signals firstly or have the largest data signal peak values are preliminarily determined to be the position coordinates of deformation or damage of the geomembrane, and technicians which acquire the coordinate signals can check the corresponding monitoring nodes and surrounding areas thereof, so that the relatively accurate deformation or damage positions of the geomembrane can be obtained, and technical support is provided for further emergency treatment.
The system adopted by the underwater geomembrane monitoring method comprises at least three rows of monitoring nodes arranged in a water area in a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom to form an odd-numbered row or an even-numbered row of monitoring node array, wherein each monitoring node of the even-numbered row is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node spacing areas of the odd-numbered row, each monitoring node comprises a stress-strain monitoring device, a rope is connected between the stress-strain monitoring devices in the monitoring nodes in each row, the stress-strain monitoring devices in the adjacent monitoring nodes in the adjacent rows are connected through the rope to form triangular meshes, wherein the stress-strain monitoring devices in the first monitoring node in the adjacent odd-numbered row are also connected with the rope, and the stress-strain monitoring devices in the end monitoring nodes in the adjacent odd-numbered row are also connected through the rope; the stress-strain monitoring device comprises a stress-strain sensor;
the monitoring nodes are fixedly installed on the downward side of the geomembrane, the geomembrane and the monitoring nodes on the downward side are laid on the surface of the underwater reservoir bottom or the surface of the canal bottom, the stress-strain monitoring devices of the monitoring nodes in each row are connected with control buses of the row, and the control buses of each row are electrically connected with control boxes arranged on the embankment; the control box is communicated with a cloud server, the cloud server is communicated with a central server of a control center through a gateway, and the cloud server is also communicated with the mobile terminal.
The control box comprises a controller and a wireless transmitting module connected with the controller, and the wireless transmitting module is communicated with the cloud server through a wireless router. The controller is a PLC controller, and the rope is a stainless steel wire rope.
The working principle of the technical proposal is that,
in the concrete application of adopting a laid geomembrane to perform seepage prevention treatment on underwater engineering, aiming at the actual situation that the membrane body of the geomembrane is easily damaged under the actions of foundation change, external force and the like, when the membrane body of the geomembrane is serious, accidents such as leakage of the bottom of a reservoir or the bottom of a canal are caused, a plurality of monitoring nodes are installed on one downward side of the geomembrane, adjacent monitoring nodes are connected through ropes to form a mesh network structure, when the underwater geomembrane is stressed to deform or even break at the initial stage, a stress-strain monitoring device of the nearest monitoring node is pulled by a corresponding rope passing through a deformation area to generate warning signals, and other ropes connected with the stress-strain monitoring device are pulled by other ropes, so that the peripheral stress-strain monitoring devices can also feel deformation signals of the geomembrane, each signal is sequentially uploaded to a cloud server through a control bus, then is communicated with a server of the control center, the server of the control center obtains signals through internal program pairs, the peak value size is judged, and the position coordinates of the monitoring node which firstly sends warning signals or peak value are preliminarily determined to be coordinates of the breakage position of the geomembrane, and the relevant personnel can meet the relative time-critical situation of the geomembrane position needing to be accurately processed by the relevant personnel; here, the rope of setting up still plays the effect of strengthening rib when participating in constructing monitoring node array mesh and playing stress signal linkage effect, can strengthen the geomembrane tensile ability under water, and the phase change improves the geomembrane and resists external force and avoid damaged ability to realize the best stress monitoring mode: the geomembrane is a good effect of never being or being less stressed. The method has the disadvantages that when the underwater geomembrane is deformed or damaged under stress at the initial stage, the possible obtained stress data signal value is smaller due to the ropes, the problem of reduced monitoring sensitivity due to the ropes can be solved by reducing the lower limit of the threshold value of the monitoring signal in the program of a later control center server, the stress tensile strength of the geomembrane is more than or equal to 250N/125px under the normal condition, the lower limit of the threshold value is set to 80-140N/125 px, the threshold value is artificially reduced, and the sensitivity of receiving the stress signal of the geomembrane is improved under the condition that the existing equipment is not increased. Thereby ensuring that the early stage of stress deformation and even damage of the geomembrane can be responded in time.
When a foundation under the underwater geomembrane is raised or gas is accumulated, the geomembrane is deformed and even broken under the action of heavy water pressure and other external forces, the nearest stress-strain detection device at the position senses deformation signals, and meanwhile, ropes connected with the stress-strain detection device are also involved, so that the peripheral stress-strain detection devices can sense the deformation signals of the geomembrane more or less, the signals are connected with controllers in a control box through control buses of the respective rows, the controllers are uploaded to a cloud server until the server of the control center, internal programs of the center server judge and compare, the geomembrane deformation signals reaching the maximum at first and the maximum peak value are calculated as fault point coordinate values, and related decision-making departments can check the monitoring nodes and surrounding areas thereof, so that the relative accurate geomembrane breakage positions can be obtained, time is taken for timely processing, and the needs of related departments are met.
Related decision-making staff can also directly access the cloud server through the mobile terminal to master the deformation state information of the underwater geomembrane in real time, so that the pre-judgment can be performed in the first time, the precious first-aid repair time at the initial stage of membrane body cracking is obtained, the risk is striven to be reduced to the minimum, the expansion of accidents is prevented,
the stress strain detection device for the leakage points is characterized in that the stress strain detection device comprises a pentagon monitoring disc and a pentagon cover matched with the pentagon monitoring disc, so that the acquisition of multidirectional signals is realized, the monitoring of hidden danger of leakage at the bottom of a warehouse or at the bottom of a canal is facilitated, the investment of manpower and material resources is greatly reduced, and the stress strain detection device has great economic benefits and application prospects.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an underwater geomembrane monitoring method employing a sector-shaped monitoring disc;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sector-shaped monitor plate structure of a first of the monitor nodes in an odd row of the monitor node array;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the fan-shaped monitor disk of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a square monitor panel structure of a middle monitor node in a first row or in an unworked row of the monitor node array;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the square monitor disk structure of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pentagonal monitor panel with the first and last monitor nodes in even rows of the array of monitor nodes;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the pentagonal monitor panel of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a regular hexagonal monitor disk of intermediate monitor nodes in the array of monitor nodes except for the first row and the non-row and except for the first and last monitor nodes in the row;
FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the regular hexagonal monitor disk of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of the regular hexagonal monitor panel of FIG. 8 with ground anchors;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of an underwater geomembrane stress-strain monitoring system;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged construction of a wiring plug;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a rope restraining device;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the ratchet and cable engagement of FIG. 13;
the system comprises a water reservoir bottom or canal bottom, 2, a monitoring node, 3, a rope, 4, a control bus, 5, a wireless router, 6, a cloud server, 7, a mobile terminal, 8, a center server, 9, a gateway, 10, a control box, 11, a geomembrane, 12, a fan-shaped monitoring disc, 13, a turnover edge, 14, a stress strain sensor, 15, a waterproof plug, 16, a bolt, 17, a pressing plate, 18, a wire collecting table, 19, a wiring plug, 21, a fan-shaped cover, 22, a square monitoring disc, 23, a square cover, 24, a pentagonal monitoring disc, 25, a pentagonal cover, 26, a signal wire, 27, an air bag, 28, a protruding column, 29, a communicating tube, 30, an upper mounting seat, 31, a ratchet wheel, 32, a lower mounting seat, 33, a radial notch, 34, a conical body, 35, a transverse torsion bar, 36, a ratchet spindle, 37, a lower groove, 38, an upper groove tube, 39, a side wall hollow hole, 40, a regular monitoring disc, 41, a regular hexagon cover and 42.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Further description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings;
the present monitoring method and system may be applied to a reservoir bottom or canal bottom 1, in the stress monitoring of geomembranes 11 laid in the reservoir bottom or canal bottom of a reservoir, a method of an underwater geomembrane monitoring system employing a fan-shaped monitoring disc is provided in fig. 1 to 14, comprising the steps of:
setting at least three rows of monitoring nodes 2 in a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom water area to form a monitoring node array of an odd number row or an even number row, wherein each monitoring node 2 of the even number row is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node 2 interval areas of the odd number row, each monitoring node 2 comprises a stress-strain detection device, the stress-strain detection device of the first monitoring node in the odd number row comprises a sector-shaped monitoring disc 12, the stress-strain detection devices of the first monitoring node and the last monitoring node in the even number row comprise pentagon monitoring discs and pentagon covers matched with the pentagon monitoring discs, ropes 3 are connected between the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 in each row, the stress-strain detection devices of the adjacent monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent row are connected through the ropes 3 to form triangular meshes, the stress-strain detection devices of the first monitoring node 2 in the adjacent odd number row are also connected with the ropes 3, and the stress-strain detection devices of the end monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent odd number row are also connected through the ropes 3;
the second step comprises the steps of keeping tension among ropes 3 in a monitoring node array, fixedly installing stress-strain detection devices arranged on all monitoring nodes 2 on one downward surface of a geomembrane 11, laying the geomembrane 11 together with the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 arranged on the downward surface on the bottom or the surface of a canal, wherein the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 in all rows are connected with control buses 4 of the row, and the control buses 4 of all rows are electrically connected with a control box 10 arranged on the bottom or the canal of the reservoir;
step three, when any one of the geomembranes 11 deforms, stress strain detection devices in the monitoring nodes 2 positioned at corresponding positions on the back of the geomembranes 11 are subjected to stress to send out data signals, meanwhile, ropes 3 connected with the stress strain detection devices are also involved, so that peripheral stress strain detection devices can sense the deformation of the geomembranes 11 to send out data signals, each data signal can be transmitted to a control box 10 through a control bus 4 where the data signal is located, a controller in the control box 10 uploads each data signal to a cloud server 6, an internal program of a central server 8 of the control center judges and compares the arrival time of the data signals, discards stress peak signals smaller than the threshold lower limit, records stress peak signals larger than the threshold lower limit, and the threshold lower limit can be set to 80 or 100 or 140N/125PX, and is PX, which is a pixel of the geomembrane; the position coordinates of the monitoring node 2 which sends out the data signal firstly or has the maximum data signal peak value are preliminarily determined as the position coordinates of deformation or damage of the geomembrane 11, and technicians which acquire the coordinate signals can check the corresponding monitoring node 2 and surrounding areas thereof, so that the relative accurate deformation or damage position of the geomembrane 11 can be obtained, and technical support is provided for further emergency treatment.
As shown at a in fig. 11, the stress-strain detecting device of the first monitoring node 2 in the odd-numbered row includes a fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12 is matched with a fan-shaped cover 21, a turning edge 13 is arranged on the outer side of two straight edges of the fan-shaped cover 21, and a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge 13, so that the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12 can be connected on the downward side of the geomembrane 11, namely the back side of the geomembrane 11, by sewing or riveting, by using the mounting hole on the turning edge 13. The wire collecting table 19 is arranged at the position, opposite to one side, of the arc edge in the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, the wire collecting table 19 is provided with a wiring plug 20, three bolt holes are formed in the edge of the table surface, close to one side of the arc edge of the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, of the wire collecting table 19, one ends of the three connecting pieces 18 are respectively fastened to the wire collecting table 19 through the matching of bolts 16 and the three bolt holes, the other ends of the three connecting pieces 18 are respectively connected with stress strain sensors 14, the other end, far away from the connecting pieces 18, of each stress strain sensor 14 is also provided with a bolt hole, one end of a rope 3 is in pressure connection with the other end, far away from the connecting pieces 18, of the stress strain sensor 14 through the matching of the bolts 16 and the bolt holes, a waterproof plug 15 is arranged on the side wall of the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12, the rope 3 penetrates out of the fan-shaped monitoring disc 12 through the waterproof plug 15 to be connected with stress strain detection devices in other adjacent monitoring nodes 2, and signal wires 26 of the stress strain sensors 14 are respectively electrically connected with the control buses 4 in the row through the wiring plug 20.
In the monitoring node array, as shown at C in fig. 11, in the stress-strain detecting device of the first and the last monitoring nodes in even lines, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a pentagon-shaped monitoring disc 24 and a pentagon-shaped cover 25 mated with the pentagon-shaped monitoring disc 24 are included, facing the pentagon-shaped monitoring disc 24, in a horizontal direction, two mutually parallel upper and lower end sides are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the pentagon-shaped cover 25, and the outer sides of the upper and lower end sides are respectively provided with a turn-over 13, a mounting hole is provided on the turn-over 13, five sides of the pentagon-shaped monitoring disc 24 include an upper and a lower straight side which are mutually parallel, a left straight side which is perpendicular to the upper and lower straight sides respectively, a right side includes an upper and a lower side, one end of the upper side is connected with the right end of the upper straight side, one end of the lower side is connected with the right end of the lower straight side, the other ends of the upper section side and the lower section side are connected with each other, the connection intersection point of the upper section side and the lower section side is far away from the left side edge of the pentagon monitoring disc 24 to form an outer protrusion, an included angle larger than zero and smaller than 180 degrees exists between the upper section side and the lower section side, a line concentration table 19 is arranged in the middle of the pentagon monitoring disc 24, a wiring plug 20 is arranged on the line concentration table 19, a pair of bolt holes are respectively arranged at the edges close to the upper side and the lower side of the line concentration table 19, the two pairs of bolt holes are symmetrical relative to the line concentration table 19, one bolt hole is arranged at the edge close to the right side of the line concentration table in the pentagon monitoring disc, and the pentagon monitoring disc can be used by turning 180 degrees in order to meet the direction requirement of the pentagon monitoring disc of the first monitoring node and the last monitoring node of even number lines; the radial centers of the bolt holes on the right edge of the line concentration table are opposite to the vertex angle formed by the connection intersection point of the upper section edge and the lower section edge and are positioned on the extension line of the angle bisector of the vertex angle, and the radial centers of a pair of bolt holes respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side edge of the line concentration table 19 are positioned on the diagonal line of the mutual cross connection of two pairs of vertex angles where the two ends of the upper straight edge and the lower straight edge of the pentagon monitoring disc 24 are positioned. The radial centers of the bolt holes are positioned on the crossed diagonal lines, so that ropes connected to the stress-strain sensor 14 can conveniently penetrate out along the vertex angles without bending. The sensitivity of the sensor to stress sensing is improved. The pentagonal cover comprises a pentagonal cover body in the horizontal direction, wherein two upper end edges and two lower end edges which are parallel to each other are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the pentagonal cover body, the outer sides of the upper end edges and the lower end edges are respectively provided with a turning edge, and mounting holes are formed in the turning edges.
One end of five connection pieces 18 is fastened on a line concentration table 19 through the cooperation of bolts 16 and bolt holes respectively, the other end of five connection pieces 18 is respectively and independently connected with stress strain sensors 14, the other end of each stress strain sensor 14 far away from connection pieces 18 is provided with a fastening hole, one end of a rope is pressed and connected with the other end of the stress strain sensor 14 far away from connection pieces 18 through the cooperation of bolts 16 and fastening holes by a pressing plate 17, a waterproof plug 15 is arranged on the side wall of a pentagon monitoring disc 24, five ropes penetrate out of the side wall through the waterproof plug 15 and are connected with other adjacent monitoring nodes, and signal lines 26 of the five stress strain sensors 14 are respectively and electrically connected with a control bus 4 in the line through the wiring plug 20.
In addition, as shown at B in fig. 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a flange 13 is provided on the outer side of the upper and lower straight edges between the left and right sides of the square cover 23, a mounting hole is provided on the flange 13, facing the square monitoring disc 22, a wire collecting table 19 is provided on the straight edge position on the symmetrical central axis of the left and right sides and near the upper side in the square monitoring disc 22, a wire plug 20 is provided on the wire collecting table 19, two pairs of bolt holes taking the symmetrical central axes of the left and right sides in the square monitoring disc 22 as symmetrical axes are provided on the wire collecting table 19, one ends of the two pairs of connecting pieces 18 are respectively matched with the two pairs of bolt holes through bolts 16 and fastened on the wire collecting table 19, the other ends of the two pairs of connecting pieces 18 are respectively and independently connected with two pairs of stress strain sensors 14, the connecting lines of the axial axes of the stress strain sensors 14 are collinear, and are parallel to the upper straight edge and the lower straight edge between the left side and the right side of the square monitoring disc 22, the axial axes of the other pair of stress strain sensors 14 are symmetric in a splayed shape relative to the symmetric central axes of the left side and the right side in the square monitoring disc 22, a bolt hole is also arranged at the other end of each stress strain sensor 14 far away from the connecting sheet 18, a pressing plate 17 is matched with the bolt hole through a bolt 16 to press one end of a rope 3 on the other end of the stress strain sensor 14 far away from the connecting sheet 18, a waterproof plug 15 is arranged on the side wall of the square monitoring disc 22, the rope 3 penetrates out of the square monitoring disc 22 through the waterproof plug 15 to be connected with stress strain detection devices of other adjacent monitoring nodes 2, the signal lines 26 of the stress-strain sensors 14 are electrically connected to the control bus 4 in the row via the connection plugs 20.
In fig. 11, a system of an underwater geomembrane monitoring method is shown, which comprises at least three rows of monitoring nodes 2 arranged in a water area in a water bottom or a canal bottom 1 to form an odd-numbered row or an even-numbered row of monitoring node array, wherein each monitoring node 2 in the even-numbered row is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node 2 interval areas in the odd-numbered row, each monitoring node 2 comprises a stress-strain detection device, a rope 3 is connected between the stress-strain detection devices in the monitoring nodes 2 in each row, the stress-strain detection devices in the adjacent monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent rows are connected through the rope 3 to form a triangular mesh, the stress-strain detection devices in the first monitoring node 2 in the adjacent odd-numbered row are also connected with the rope 3, and the stress-strain detection devices of the end monitoring nodes 2 in the adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected through the rope 3;
the ropes 3 in the monitoring node array are kept tensioned, the monitoring nodes 2 are fixedly arranged on the downward side of the geomembrane 11, the geomembrane 11 and the monitoring nodes 2 on the downward side are laid on the surface of the underwater reservoir bottom or canal bottom 1, the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 in each row are connected with the control buses 4 of the row, and the control buses 4 of each row are electrically connected with the control boxes 10 arranged on the reservoir bottom or canal bottom; the control box 10 is in communication with the cloud server 6, the cloud server 6 is in communication with the central server 8 of the control center through the gateway 9, and the cloud server 6 is also in communication with the mobile terminal 7.
The control box 10 comprises a controller and a wireless transmitting module connected with the controller, and the wireless transmitting module is communicated with the cloud server 6 through the wireless router 5.
The controller is a PLC controller, and the rope 3 is a stainless steel wire rope.
The PLC controller is installed in the control box 10, and is electrically connected to peripheral electrical accessories such as a power source, a start switch, an indicator light, etc., which are conventional to those skilled in the art, and thus will not be described again.
Finally, as shown at D in FIG. 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, except for the first row and the non-row, and the middle monitoring node of the first and the last monitoring nodes in the row comprises a regular hexagon monitoring disc 40 and a regular hexagon cover 41 matched with the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40, facing the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40, in the horizontal direction, two straight sides parallel to each other are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the regular hexagon cover 41, the outer sides of the two straight sides are respectively provided with a turning edge 13, a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge 13, six vertex angles of the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40 are three pairs of symmetrical vertex angles symmetrical about the symmetry center in the disc, a wire collecting table 19 is arranged at the symmetry center in the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40, six bolt holes are arranged on the edges near the upper side and the lower side and the left side and the right side of the regular hexagon monitoring disc 19, the six bolt holes form three pairs of symmetrical about the symmetry center in the disc, each pair of the three pairs of symmetrical vertex angles are respectively positioned on the projection of the three pairs of the radial projection of the bolt holes on the regular hexagon monitoring disc 19,
one end of each of the six connecting pieces 18 is fastened on the line concentration table 19 through the cooperation of the bolts 16 and the bolt holes, the other ends of the six connecting pieces 18 are respectively and independently connected with the stress strain sensors 14, the other end, far away from the connecting piece 18, of each stress strain sensor 14 is provided with a fastening hole, one end of a rope is pressed and connected with the other end, far away from the connecting piece 18, of the stress strain sensor 14 through the cooperation of the bolts 16 and the fastening holes by the pressing plate 17, the side wall of the regular hexagon monitoring disc 40 is provided with a waterproof plug 15, six ropes penetrate out of the side wall through the waterproof plug 15 and are connected with other adjacent monitoring nodes, and signal lines 26 of the six stress strain sensors 14 are respectively and electrically connected with the control bus 4 in the line through the wiring plug 20.
As shown in fig. 10, the regular-hexagon monitoring discs may also be provided with a fixed anchor 42, because the regular-hexagon monitoring discs are often arranged in the middle area of the whole geomembrane 11, the displacement is small compared with the edge area of the geomembrane 11, so that the fixed anchor 42 can be used for relatively keeping positioning, the fixed anchor 42 can be grasped in the mud of the water bottom, so that each regular-hexagon monitoring disc is relatively fixed on the water bottom, that is, a plurality of original coordinates are artificially established, when the geomembrane 11 is damaged or deformed, the stress-strain sensor 14 in the node is applied with a force path by the rope, and the central server 8 directly obtains the relative coordinates of the original points of the fixed regular-hexagon monitoring discs as a reference point according to the transmitted data signals, so that the damaged or deformed position of the geomembrane 11 can be obtained more rapidly by less program operation than by traversing the whole water bottom area to zero.
In fig. 12, there is provided a patch plug 20, the patch plug 20 is respectively disposed at a line concentration table 19 in a tray body of a sector-shaped monitoring tray 12, a square-shaped monitoring tray 22, a pentagonal monitoring tray 24 and a regular hexagonal monitoring tray 40, the patch plug 20 comprises a hollow tube penetrating through the tray body and a flange connected with one end of the exposed tray body of the hollow tube, a plurality of protruding columns 28 are mounted on the inner wall of the hollow tube, the protruding columns 28 are located in the radial direction of the hollow tube, a plurality of protruding columns 28 are arranged along the axial direction of the hollow tube, a plurality of air bags 27 are disposed between the opening position of the exposed tray body of the hollow tube and the protruding columns 28 in the tube, the air bags 27 are communicated through a communication tube 29, a signal line 26 extends out of the tray body through a gap between the air bags 27 and the protruding columns 28, taking the square-shaped monitoring tray 22 as an example, when the square monitoring disc 22 and the geomembrane 11 are installed under water, under the action of water pressure, the air bags 27 at the pipe orifice outside the disc body are compressed, the air bags 27 are communicated with each other through the communication pipe 29, after the air bags 27 outside the pipe orifice are compressed, the air bags 27 in the hollow pipe of the wiring plug 20 are expanded, the air bags are further wrapped on the circumference of the signal wire 26 passing through the wiring plug 20, under the wrapping of the air bags 27, the signal wire 26 is surrounded by the protruding columns 28 which are staggered in the pipe diameter of the signal wire 26 to become more \36918 or \366, so that the air bags 27 and the protruding columns 28 are matched to increase the bending degree in the pipe, on the one hand, the waterproof sealing effect in the monitoring disc is guaranteed, on the other hand, because the protruding columns 28 are made of soft rubber materials, when the stress strain sensor 14 in the square monitoring disc 22 is stressed, the signal wire 26 can freely stretch in the hollow pipe when weak displacement occurs, the situation that the signal wire 26 and the terminal of the internal stress strain sensor 14 are broken due to overlarge stress so that stress signals cannot be transmitted is avoided, and thus the working reliability of the monitoring disc is greatly improved.
In fig. 13 and 14, a rope limiting device is provided, in order to ensure that the rope in the monitoring array effectively displaces under the action of stress, and the rope limiting device is not deviated due to the catch of attachments, the rope limiting device can be arranged on the ground of the bottom of a water reservoir or the bottom of a canal through which the rope passes, the rope limiting device comprises an upper mounting seat 30, a turning edge 13 is arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper mounting seat 30, a mounting hole is arranged on the turning edge 13, an upper groove pipe 38 is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the upper mounting seat 30, the upper groove pipe 38 passes through and is parallel to the left and right symmetrical central axes of the upper mounting seat 30, the upper groove pipe 38 is a groove pipe with an opening at the lower part, a side wall hole 39 is arranged on one side of the middle section of the upper groove pipe 38, the upper mounting seat 30 is connected with a lower mounting seat 32 positioned right below in a matched manner, a lower groove 37 is arranged on the lower mounting seat 32 at a position corresponding to the hollow upper groove pipe 38, the lower groove 37 is provided with a ratchet wheel 31 corresponding to a side wall hollowed hole 39 of the upper groove pipe 38, the ratchet wheel 31 is matched with a conical body 34 under the lower mounting seat 32 through a ratchet wheel main shaft 36, the conical body 34 comprises an upper plane and a lower conical drill, the side wall of the conical drill is provided with spiral threads to play a role of a drill bit in use, time and labor are saved, the radial center of the upper plane is provided with a counter bore along the axial axis direction of the lower conical drill, two opposite side walls which are positioned on the conical drill and are close to the upper plane are provided with radial notches 33, the radial notches 33 are communicated with the counter bores, the ratchet wheel main shaft 36 is matched with the counter bores, the lower end of the ratchet wheel main shaft 36 is connected with the middle part of a lower transverse torsion bar 35, two ends of the transverse torsion bar 35 are positioned in the radial notches 33, when the ropes are buckled in the lower grooves 37 and the upper groove pipes 38 of the upper mounting seat 30 and the lower mounting seat 32, the conical body 34 is implanted into mud at the bottom of a water reservoir or at the bottom of a canal, when the ropes are subjected to stress to displace, the ratchet wheel 31 is triggered to rotate, the ratchet wheel 31 is a one-way wheel and only rotates towards one direction, under the driving of the ratchet wheel 31, the ratchet wheel main shaft 36 drives the transverse torsion bar 35 in the radial notch 33 to rotate and apply moment on the conical body 34, so that the conical drill at the lower part of the conical body 34 drills into the mud, and the displacement of the stress on the ropes is limited, so that the conical drill cannot be fed too much, and only the node array formed by the ropes and the geomembrane 11 laid on the node array are tightly attached to the bottom of the water reservoir or the canal, thereby avoiding the displacement of the geomembrane 11; even if gas exists below the geomembrane 11, the geomembrane 11 still can be attached to the reservoir bottom or the canal bottom under the action of the rope and the cone 34, which is equivalent to uniformly spreading the gas in a larger area below the geomembrane 11, so that local bulge of the geomembrane 11 is avoided, local stress and damage caused by accumulation of the gas on a small point of the geomembrane 11 are delayed or avoided, and under the action of the rope and the rope limiting device, the geomembrane 11 has a stronger tensile effect and a firmer ground grabbing effect, and accidental damage of the underwater geomembrane 11 is reduced from two aspects. In addition, a torque sensor can be arranged between the ratchet main shaft 36 and the lower mounting seat 32, and the signal wire of the torque sensor is connected into the control box through a corresponding data bus and the signal uploading network is transmitted to the central server 8 similarly to the stress strain sensor, so that the stress monitoring of the underwater geomembrane is supplemented, and a new way of stress monitoring is established.
Here, when the rope is pulled by the opposite stress of the other direction, the rope moves in the opposite direction, and the ratchet wheel 31 moving in one direction does not participate in the movement, so that the conical drill is ensured to drill holes only to the bottom of the reservoir bottom or the canal bottom, and the whole rope limiting device is prevented from being screwed out of mud of the reservoir bottom or the canal bottom;
the rope limiting device can ensure the rope not to be twisted, and meanwhile, the groove structure can also clear mud or other attachments attached to the rope, so that the geomembrane and the rope can meet the laying of the working condition of the bottom of a water reservoir or the bottom of a canal or the bottom of a water reservoir with part of the water reservoir with fluctuation. In addition, although each rope is bound to each disc body, the disc body does not have larger displacement, if the rope limiting device is connected below the disc bodies of the fan-shaped disc 12 or the square monitoring disc 22 or the pentagonal monitoring disc 24 or the regular hexagonal monitoring disc 40 and is pricked into mud, the limitation on the displacement amplitude of the disc body is realized under the condition that the stress monitoring is not influenced, and the traction amplitude of the disc body to the geomembrane body in the stress strain is further reduced or avoided, so that the whole system can obtain more reliable operation guarantee.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the term "one embodiment" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A monitoring method of an underwater geomembrane monitoring system adopting a fan-shaped monitoring disc comprises the following steps:
setting at least three rows of monitoring nodes in a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom water area to form an odd-numbered row or even-numbered row of monitoring node array, wherein each even-numbered row of monitoring nodes is respectively arranged between every two adjacent monitoring node interval areas of the odd-numbered row, each monitoring node comprises a stress-strain detection device, and each stress-strain detection device comprises a stress-strain sensor; the stress-strain detection device of the first monitoring node in the odd rows comprises a sector-shaped monitoring disc; the fan-shaped monitoring disc is matched with the fan-shaped cover, a turning edge is arranged on the outer sides of two straight edges of the fan-shaped cover, a mounting hole is formed in the turning edge, a line concentration table is arranged at the position, opposite to one side, of the arc edge in the fan-shaped monitoring disc, a wiring plug is arranged on the line concentration table, three bolt holes are formed in the edge of a table top, close to one side of the arc edge of the fan-shaped monitoring disc, of the line concentration table, one end of each of the three connecting pieces is fastened on the line concentration table through the matching of bolts and the three bolt holes, the other ends of the three connecting pieces are respectively connected with stress strain sensors, bolt holes are formed in the other ends, far away from the connecting pieces, of each stress strain sensor, and one end of a rope is pressed on the other end, far away from the connecting pieces, of each stress strain sensor through the matching of the bolts and the bolt holes by the pressing plate;
the stress strain detection device positioned at the first monitoring nodes and the last monitoring nodes of the even number rows comprises a pentagon monitoring disc and a pentagon cover matched with the pentagon monitoring disc; facing the pentagon monitoring disc, in the horizontal direction, two upper end edges and lower end edges which are parallel to each other are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the pentagon cover, the outer sides of the upper end edges and the lower end edges are respectively provided with a turning edge, the turning edge is provided with a mounting hole, and the five edges of the pentagon monitoring disc comprise an upper straight edge and a lower straight edge which are parallel to each other, and the upper straight edge and the lower straight edge are connected with the upper part of the pentagon monitoring disc,
The right side edge comprises an upper section edge and a lower section edge, one end of the upper section edge is connected with the right end part of the upper section edge, one end of the lower section edge is connected with the right end part of the lower section edge, the respective other ends of the upper section edge and the lower section edge are mutually connected together, the connection intersection point of the upper section edge and the lower section edge is far away from the left side edge of the pentagon monitoring disc to form an outer convex, an included angle larger than zero and smaller than 180 degrees exists between the upper section edge and the lower section edge, a line concentration table is arranged in the middle part in the pentagon monitoring disc, and a wiring plug is arranged on the line concentration table;
the side wall of the sector monitoring disc is provided with a waterproof plug, the rope penetrates out of the sector monitoring disc through the waterproof plug and is connected with stress-strain detection devices in other adjacent monitoring nodes, and signal wires of the stress-strain sensor are respectively and electrically connected with a control bus in the line through the wiring plug;
ropes are connected between stress-strain detection devices in monitoring nodes in each row, the stress-strain detection devices in adjacent monitoring nodes of adjacent rows are connected through the ropes to form triangular meshes, wherein the ropes are also connected between stress-strain detection devices in the first monitoring node in the adjacent odd rows, and the stress-strain detection devices of the tail end monitoring nodes in the adjacent odd rows are also connected through the ropes;
the second step comprises the steps of keeping tension among ropes in a monitoring node array, fixedly mounting stress-strain detection devices arranged on the monitoring nodes on one downward surface of a geomembrane, laying the geomembrane together with the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes mounted on the downward surface on the bottom surface of a reservoir or the bottom surface of a canal, wherein the stress-strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes in each row are connected with control buses of the row, and the control buses of each row are electrically connected with control boxes arranged on a embankment;
step three, when any one geomembrane deforms, stress strain detection devices in monitoring nodes at corresponding positions on the back of the geomembrane are subjected to stress action to send out data signals, meanwhile, ropes connected with the stress strain detection devices are also involved, so that peripheral stress strain detection devices can sense the deformation of the geomembrane to send out data signals, each data signal is transmitted to a control box through a control bus where the data signal is located, a controller in the control box uploads each data signal to a cloud server, internal programs of a central server of the control center judge and compare the arrival time of the data signals, stress peak signals smaller than the threshold lower limit are discarded, stress peak signals larger than the threshold lower limit are recorded, the threshold lower limit is set to be 80-140N/125 PX, and PX is a pixel of the geomembrane; the position coordinates of the monitoring nodes which send out the data signals firstly or have the largest data signal peak values are preliminarily determined to be the position coordinates of deformation or damage of the geomembrane, and technicians which acquire the coordinate signals can check the corresponding monitoring nodes and surrounding areas thereof, so that the relatively accurate deformation or damage positions of the geomembrane can be obtained, and technical support is provided for further emergency treatment.
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| CN101793502A (en) * | 2010-02-20 | 2010-08-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for detecting breakage position of built-in geomembrane by fiber strain |
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| US7975556B2 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2011-07-12 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Sensor-enabled geosynthetic material and method of making and using the same |
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| CN101561430A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-21 | 重庆交通大学 | System for monitoring crack of piezoelectric-array converged alertness network structure and monitoring and installing methods |
| CN101793502A (en) * | 2010-02-20 | 2010-08-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for detecting breakage position of built-in geomembrane by fiber strain |
| CN105115387A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-02 | 华中科技大学 | Geogrid strain measurement device in model test and measurement method |
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