CN108571314A - A kind of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method - Google Patents

A kind of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108571314A
CN108571314A CN201810318526.2A CN201810318526A CN108571314A CN 108571314 A CN108571314 A CN 108571314A CN 201810318526 A CN201810318526 A CN 201810318526A CN 108571314 A CN108571314 A CN 108571314A
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proppant
slit width
visualization
supporting crack
pressure
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CN108571314B (en
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肖晖
李骏
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/002Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/267Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test methods, belong to hydraulic fracturing technology field.Slit width of the test proppant under different sanding concentration first,Clossing pressure,Then using slit width as object function,Slit width and sanding concentration are obtained using multiple linear regression,The relational expression of clossing pressure,Then proppant transport experiment is carried out using visualization proppant means of locomotion,Record the total weight of proppant in experimentation,And proppant lays the gross area of form at the end of experiment with computing,Obtain visualized experiment sanding concentration,Then obtained visualized experiment sanding concentration is substituted into the relational expression of step 2,And according to desired clossing pressure,Obtain corresponding slit width,Then the slit width for visualizing proppant means of locomotion is adjusted to corresponding slit width,By the way that clossing pressure is equivalent to substitute the method for applying clossing pressure after slit width using adjustment slit width,The problem of high pressure can not be born by overcoming the transparent plate of visualization proppant means of locomotion.

Description

A kind of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic fracturing technology fields, are related to a kind of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method.
Background technology
Hypotonic, fine and close Reservoir Development is the hot and difficult issue paid close attention to both at home and abroad, and hydraulic fracturing is such oil-gas reservoir economy The key technology of effective exploitation.Hydraulic fracturing is to press off crack, and the pump note tool into crack by pumping note high-pressure fluid to stratum The natural artificial high intensity particles supports agent for having certain particle size to prevent crack closure, and forms one or more with certain The oil gas flow channel of flow conductivity.Therefore, one of the key for ensureing fracturing effect is proppant having in crack Effect is laid.
However, the hydraulic fracture that hydraulic fracturing is formed can not directly observe support far away from hundreds of meters of underground or even several kms Laying state of the agent in crack.For this purpose, a large amount of scholars carry out visualization proppant transport simulated experiment indoors, that is, use two pieces Transparent glass tablet simulates hydraulic fracture, and pump note proppant is to observe proppant in crack in transparent glass tablet crack Laying state.But since transparent glass plate pressure-bearing is low, pressure can not be applied on transparent glass tablet with simulated groundwater The high clossing pressure that power crack is born, therefore the test of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity can not be carried out, so at present at this The research of block only resides within the level that qualitative observation proppant lays form, is unable to get for Optimum Hydraulic FRACTURING DESIGN Key parameter-flow conductivity.With the development of technology, occurred arbitrarily adjusting the visualization proppant of fracture width at present Means of locomotion, but the patent application for testing visualization supporting crack flow conductivity does not occur also at home and abroad.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of tests of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity Method, it can solve to visualize proppant means of locomotion at present is difficult to calculate support because transparent glass tablet can not bear high pressure The problem of fracture condudtiviy.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:A kind of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method, feature exist In including the following steps:
Step 1, slit width of the test proppant under different sanding concentration, clossing pressure;
Step 2 obtains slit width and sanding concentration, clossing pressure using slit width as object function using multiple linear regression Relational expression;
Step 3 carries out proppant transport experiment using visualization proppant means of locomotion, records and supported in experimentation The total weight M of agent, and proppant lays the gross area A of form at the end of experiment with computing, obtains visualized experiment sanding concentration M/ A;
Step 4 substitutes into obtained visualized experiment sanding concentration M/A in the relational expression of step 2, and according to requiring Clossing pressure obtains corresponding slit width, then adjusts the slit width for visualizing proppant means of locomotion to corresponding slit width, later Reversed fluid injection obtains pressure difference, the fluid injection flow at transparent plate both ends;
Visualization branch is calculated using Darcy formula to obtained transparent plate both ends pressure difference and fluid injection flow in step 5 Support fracture permeabgility, the visualization supporting crack permeability and the product of corresponding slit width be under the clossing pressure of requirement can Depending on changing supporting crack flow conductivity.
Preferably, dense in different sandings using acid corrosion fracture test device test proppant in step 1 Slit width, clossing pressure under degree.
Preferably, proppant is laid on different sanding concentration in API diversion chamber, is closed using API approach test difference Slit width under resultant pressure obtains the corresponding slit width of different sanding concentration, clossing pressure.
Preferably, in step 3, when calculating the gross area A of proppant laying form, pass through camera record and position Calibration calculates separately the step area A that proppant lays formi, then each proppant is laid to the step area A of formiSummation The agent that is supported lays the gross area A of form.
Preferably, in step 5, the calculating formula of visualization supporting crack permeability is
Wherein, k is visualization supporting crack permeability, and Q is fluid injection flow, and μ is fluid viscosity, and L is visualization proppant The transparent plate length of means of locomotion, A are the gross area that proppant lays form, and △ P are the pressure difference at transparent plate both ends.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantages that:The present invention visualizes supporting crack and leads Stream aptitude tests method tests slit width of the proppant under different sanding concentration, clossing pressure first, then using slit width as target Function obtains slit width and sanding concentration, the relational expression of clossing pressure using multiple linear regression, then using visualization proppant Means of locomotion carries out proppant transport experiment, records the total weight M of proppant in experimentation, and is supported at the end of experiment with computing Agent lays the gross area A of form, obtains visualized experiment sanding concentration M/A, the visualized experiment sanding concentration that then will be obtained M/A is substituted into the relational expression of step 2, and according to desired clossing pressure, obtains corresponding slit width, then supports visualization The slit width of agent means of locomotion is adjusted to corresponding slit width, by the way that clossing pressure to be equivalent to apply using adjustment slit width replacement after slit width The problem of method for adding clossing pressure, high pressure can not be born by overcoming the transparent plate of visualization proppant means of locomotion, into one Step expands the direct calculating of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity, and effectively compensating for visualization proppant means of locomotion can not survey Effect of the visualization proppant means of locomotion in hydraulic fracturing optimization design greatly improved in this defect of examination flow conductivity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the step area schematic diagram that proppant lays form in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the gross area schematic diagram that proppant lays form in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that liquid flows to schematic diagram when proppant transport is tested in step 3 of the present invention;
Liquid flows to schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is reversed fluid injection in step 4 of the present invention.
Reference numeral
In attached drawing, 1 is transparent plate, and 2 be proppant.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, a kind of embodiment of supporting crack flow conductivity test method is visualized, is included the following steps:
Step 1, slit width of the test proppant under different sanding concentration, clossing pressure;Using acid corrosion fracture Test device tests slit width of the proppant under different sanding concentration, clossing pressure;By proppant with different sanding concentration (from 5kg/m2The limit that can be laid to flow conductivity is with from 5kg/m2It is incremented by) it is laid in API diversion chamber, not using API approach test With the slit width under clossing pressure, the corresponding slit width W of different sanding concentration Cs, clossing pressure Pc are obtained.
Step 2 obtains slit width W using multiple linear regression and is pressed with sanding concentration C, closure using slit width W as object function The relational expression of power Pc, i.e.,
W=f (C, Pc) (1);
Step 3 carries out proppant transport experiment using visualization proppant means of locomotion, records and supported in experimentation The total weight M of agent, and proppant lays the gross area A of form at the end of experiment with computing, obtains visualized experiment sanding concentration M/ A;When calculating the gross area A of proppant laying form, injection condition difference will obtain different proppants and lay form, due to paving It is irregular shape to set form, by camera record and location position, calculates separately the step area that proppant lays form Ai, then each proppant is laid to the step area A of formiSummation be supported agent lay form gross area A, i.e.,
A=Σ Ai(2);
Step 4 substitutes into obtained visualized experiment sanding concentration M/A in the relational expression (1) of step 2, and according to wanting The clossing pressure asked obtains corresponding slit width w, then adjusts the slit width for visualizing proppant means of locomotion to corresponding slit width W, reversed fluid injection later, when reaching steady until laying form, pressure, flow, the pressure difference and note at record transparent plate both ends Flow quantity obtains pressure difference △ P, the fluid injection flow Q of transparent plate both ends (arrival end and outlet end);
Step 5, the pressure difference △ P and fluid injection flow Q at the transparent plate both ends to obtaining are calculated using Darcy formula can Depending on changing supporting crack permeability, the calculating formula of visualization supporting crack permeability is
Wherein, k is visualization supporting crack permeability, and Q is fluid injection flow, and μ is fluid viscosity, and L is visualization proppant The transparent plate length of means of locomotion, A are the gross area that proppant lays form, and △ P are the pressure difference at transparent plate both ends.
The visualization supporting crack permeability and the visualization that the product of corresponding slit width w is under desired clossing pressure Supporting crack flow conductivity, i.e.,
F=kw (4)
Wherein, F is visualization supporting crack flow conductivity.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1, slit width of the test proppant under different sanding concentration, clossing pressure;
Step 2 obtains slit width and sanding concentration, the relationship of clossing pressure using slit width as object function using multiple linear regression Formula;
Step 3 carries out proppant transport experiment using visualization proppant means of locomotion, records proppant in experimentation Total weight M, and proppant lays the gross area A of form at the end of experiment with computing, obtains visualized experiment sanding concentration M/A;
Step 4 substitutes into obtained visualized experiment sanding concentration M/A in the relational expression of step 2, and according to desired closure Pressure obtains corresponding slit width, then adjusts the slit width for visualizing proppant means of locomotion to corresponding slit width, later reversely Fluid injection obtains pressure difference, the fluid injection flow at transparent plate both ends;
Step 5 is calculated visualization branch using Darcy formula to obtained transparent plate both ends pressure difference and fluid injection flow and cracks Stitch permeability, the visualization supporting crack permeability and the visualization that the product of corresponding slit width is under desired clossing pressure Supporting crack flow conductivity.
2. visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1 In, using slit width of the acid corrosion fracture test device test proppant under different sanding concentration, clossing pressure.
3. visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that by proppant with Different sanding concentration are laid in API diversion chamber, are tested the slit width under different clossing pressures using API approach, are obtained different pavings The corresponding slit width of sand concentration, clossing pressure.
4. visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3 In, when calculating the gross area A of proppant laying form, by camera record and location position, calculate separately proppant laying The step area A of formi, then each proppant is laid to the step area A of formiSum the total of agent laying form that be supported Area A.
5. visualization supporting crack flow conductivity test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 5 In, the calculating formula of visualization supporting crack permeability is
Wherein, k is visualization supporting crack permeability, and Q is fluid injection flow, and μ is fluid viscosity, and L is visualization proppant migration The transparent plate length of device, A are the gross area that proppant lays form, and △ P are the pressure difference at transparent plate both ends.
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CN110821466A (en) * 2019-10-09 2020-02-21 大港油田集团有限责任公司 Visual self-supporting fracturing technology research experimental apparatus with variable seam width
CN110905497A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-03-24 东北石油大学 Shale reticular fracture long-term conductivity measuring device
CN111795915A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-20 中国石油大学(北京) Method, device and equipment for determining proppant parameters in rough hydraulic fracture
CN113218770A (en) * 2021-03-12 2021-08-06 西南石油大学 Multi-lithology fracturing crack test method
CN115749721A (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-03-07 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Standard API diversion chamber-based diversion capability test method for sectional sand paving mode
CN116059938A (en) * 2023-01-21 2023-05-05 江苏联友科研仪器有限公司 Proppant water conservancy diversion and acid etching water conservancy diversion integral type simulation cauldron structure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110821466A (en) * 2019-10-09 2020-02-21 大港油田集团有限责任公司 Visual self-supporting fracturing technology research experimental apparatus with variable seam width
CN110905497A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-03-24 东北石油大学 Shale reticular fracture long-term conductivity measuring device
CN111795915A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-20 中国石油大学(北京) Method, device and equipment for determining proppant parameters in rough hydraulic fracture
CN111795915B (en) * 2020-06-29 2022-03-22 中国石油大学(北京) Method, device and equipment for determining proppant parameters in rough hydraulic fracture
CN113218770A (en) * 2021-03-12 2021-08-06 西南石油大学 Multi-lithology fracturing crack test method
CN115749721A (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-03-07 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Standard API diversion chamber-based diversion capability test method for sectional sand paving mode
CN116059938A (en) * 2023-01-21 2023-05-05 江苏联友科研仪器有限公司 Proppant water conservancy diversion and acid etching water conservancy diversion integral type simulation cauldron structure
CN116059938B (en) * 2023-01-21 2024-01-09 江苏联友科研仪器有限公司 Proppant water conservancy diversion and acid etching water conservancy diversion integral type simulation cauldron structure

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