CN108570892A - A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing - Google Patents
A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108570892A CN108570892A CN201710136292.5A CN201710136292A CN108570892A CN 108570892 A CN108570892 A CN 108570892A CN 201710136292 A CN201710136292 A CN 201710136292A CN 108570892 A CN108570892 A CN 108570892A
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- Prior art keywords
- track
- support component
- bolt
- billet
- cylinder
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/38—Indirect fastening of rails by using tie-plates or chairs; Fastening of rails on the tie-plates or in the chairs
- E01B9/44—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate
- E01B9/46—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps
- E01B9/48—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps by resilient steel clips
- E01B9/483—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of rail traffic, and in particular to a kind of improvement of rail fastener and the processing technology and system of processing of fastener.Technical solution is：Rail fastening includes being located at the inner support component on the inside of track and the outer support component on the outside of track；The side of the inner support component and outer support component far from track is respectively provided with block, and the first bolt from top to bottom passes through block to screw in sleeper；The inner support component and outer support component include flexible layer, the first billet and the second billet set gradually from the bottom to top；In the rail fastening structure of the present invention, Z-shaped spring is simple in structure, easy for installation, is supported to the middle part on the outside of track by Z-shaped spring, not only can greatly reduce the risk that track topples.And the problem of spring antirust that rail fastening is found in use according to the prior art, poor corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of rail traffic, and in particular to the improvement of rail fastener a kind of and fastener
Processing technology and system of processing.
Background technology
Rail fastener is track important composition component, and rail is bound up with sleeper by rail fastener,
The effect of rail fastener is fixed rail correct position, prevents the vertical and horizontal displacement of rail, prevents rail from tumbling.Together
When necessary elasticity, insulation performance can also be provided, to gauge, horizontal have certain adjustment capability, and rail fastener knot
Structure requires as possible simply, convenient for manufacture, construction and repair etc..
Existing fastener, is mounted on sleeper, by realizing the limit of track transverse direction to the transverse shear stress of rail inferior portion,
It is pressed in the upper surface of rail inferior portion by e shapes or shape of a hoof spring, realizes the limit to track longitudinal direction.It is jumped in track stress
When dynamic, spring can cushioning rail stress, play the role of reducing noise and vibrations.Vehicle is during high-speed cruising, vehicle
Wheel mainly applies towards the lateral tension on the outside of track track, and existing fastener lacks to the effective of rail superior portion
Support and for rail superior portion shock-damping structure, cause the stress of rail superior portion that can only be transferred under track along track itself
Portion causes the local stress of rail inferior portion to significantly increase.Due to being unable to get effective release, this is just to track own material
High requirement can be proposed, or needs frequently to safeguard in use, overhaul.Especially high-speed railway, the phenomenon
It becomes apparent.Therefore, it is badly in need of providing a kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener that can improve track stress performance at present.
Domestic rail fastener system relatively new at present is to adapt to high speed, environmental protection, Labor-saving and can tune into the melt four
Big basic norm develops towards Low rigidity, long-life, low cost and its mutually coordinated technique direction.After railway speed increase,
Train speed per hour is increased to 350 kilometers/hour, proposes strict requirements to the spring steel of railway track fastener, specifically relates to
And mechanical performance (tensile strength >=1200Mpa, the contraction percentage of area >=35%, the contraction percentage of area >=52% of rolled), in steel
The composition of non-metallic inclusion, distribution, shape, quantity (K3≤30), residual elements (P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, gas
(graphitic carbon content should be less than being equal to 1.5 for content ([O]≤12ppm), decarburized layer (≤1.0%D), microscopic structure and its uniformity
Grade), grain size (>=7 grades), surface quality (surface defect≤0.10mm) etc..The rail for meeting above-mentioned requirements in the prior art is buckled
Part also comparative maturity, and disclosed by patent and paper.
But find that the spring steel antirust ability of existing low-carbon (carbon content 0.38% or so) is weaker in putting into practice, and rail
Fastener uses outdoors for a long time, handles the effect of rainwater, moisture, gets rusty easily.With industrial pollution, rainwater, soil acidification etc.
Corrosion damage can be further exacerbated by.The durability of rail fastening is often not so good as the test result in laboratory in putting into practice in this way.So
The risk of rail fastening corrosion damage causes the security risk of railways train operation.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide rail fastening and the rail fastening processing that a kind of antirust ability is strong and has excellent performance
Method and system.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of rail fastening, including it is located at track
The inner support component of inside and the outer support component on the outside of track；The inner support component and outer support component are far from track
Side be respectively provided with block, the first bolt from top to bottom passes through block to screw in sleeper；
The inner support component and outer support component include the flexible layer set gradually from the bottom to top, the first billet and
Second billet；Against in orbit, the other side is resisted against on block for the side of first billet and the second billet；Institute
It further includes padded plate to state outer support component, and the padded plate is laid in the second side of the billet upper surface far from track；
The inner support component and outer support component are fixed by the second bolt and third bolt with sleeper, and described second
Bolt is located at close to the side of track, and third bolt is located remotely from the side of track；Second bolt and inner support component
Third bolt from top to bottom sequentially passes through the second billet, the first billet and flexible layer and screws in sleeper, and second spiral shell
Shape of a hoof spring is set at bolt, and the pressing of shape of a hoof spring side is in orbit, and the other side is fastened on the head of the second bolt
Between the second billet；The third bolt of the outer support component from top to bottom sequentially passes through padded plate, the second billet,
One billet and flexible layer screw in sleeper, and Z-shaped spring is provided at the third bolt, one end of the Z-shaped spring against
Middle part on the outside of track, the other end are fastened between the head of third bolt and padded plate.
Preferably, the ingredient percent of the spring steel used in the spring is：C 0.15~0.20%, Si 3.2~
3.6%, Mn 0.80~0.95%, Cr 0.12~0.16%, Ni0.01~0.06%, Sn 0.10~0.22%, Co 0.04
~0.08%, Cu 0.15-0.18%, P≤0.008%, S≤0.006%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Correspondingly, the processing method of the rail fastening, includes the processing method of spring, includes the following steps：
A, just refining, refining and continuous casting；
The just refining carries out in electric arc furnaces, and tapping condition is T >=1650 DEG C, [P]≤0.008% and [C] >=0.03%；
The refining is ladle refining, wherein addition SiFe powder and SiC powder deoxidations, all the components start to hang after meeting the requirements
Packet；
The continuous casting is to pour to outpour 160 × 160mm2~320 × 425mm2The continuous casting billet of cross dimensions, poring rate
For 1.2~2.80m/min, continuous casting billet is cooled to 980 DEG C soon on cold bed, then slow cooling, temperature retention time 30~32 hours；
B, heating, controlled rolling and control cooling；
1100~1250 DEG C of the soaking temperature of the heating, soaking time 2.5~3.5 hours, steel billet tapping temperature 1000
~1050 DEG C, the male and female face temperature difference≤45 DEG C,
Rolling mill inlet temperature is 950~1000 DEG C in the controlled rolling, is rolled into wire rod；
The cooling cooling velocity of the control is 60~80 DEG C/h；
C, the blanking of wire rod material, cold forming and heat treatment；
After steel scale blanking, then cold forming is heat-treated.
Preferably, the high pressure descaling step before the controlled rolling of step b.
Preferably, the heat treatment step includes：It is tempered in 920~1000 DEG C of water quenchings and 600~720 DEG C；Quenching with
The speed of 200~300 DEG C/min is cooled to 20~30 DEG C；Tempering is cooled to 20~30 DEG C with the speed of 50~80 DEG C/min.
The invention has the advantages that：In the rail fastening structure of the present invention, Z-shaped spring is simple in structure, installation side
Just, the middle part on the outside of track is supported by Z-shaped spring, not only can greatly reduces the risk that track topples, opens up simultaneously
Wide stress transfer route, stress are avoided by being transmitted with the lower part of the Z-shaped spring and track that constitute support in the middle part of track
Local stress is excessive, improves the service life of rail.In addition the elasticity that Z-shaped spring has can be on effective cushioning rail
The transverse vibration in portion, achievees the purpose that stress release.So that the stress performance of track entirety is greatly improved and carries
It rises.
And the problem of spring antirust that rail fastening is found in use according to the prior art, poor corrosion resistance.It is prominent
Broken property using ground carbon, and the mode of structure adjusting each element ratio composition successfully improves the antirust of spring steel and corrosion-resistant
Problem.And ensure that properties and index meet the requirement of 350 ㎞ of speed per hour/h high ferros operation.Corresponding processing technology is simple, easily
It is processed in industrialization, and shortens the process-cycle, be conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction and improve production efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the portions A enlarged drawing in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the portions B enlarged drawing in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of Z-shaped elastic strip；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of padded plate；
Fig. 6 is padded plate machining state schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism and the first milling mechanism in full-automatic padded board processing system；
Fig. 8 is the first milling mechanism, the second milling mechanism, discharging mechanism and the material in the padded board processing system of automation
The structural schematic diagram of case；
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of the first positioning table in the first milling mechanism；
Figure 10 is the end view of the second positioning table in the second milling mechanism；
Figure 11 a to Figure 11 c are three kinds of status diagrams of the second positioning table in the second milling mechanism.
Specific implementation mode
It is illustrated below by embodiment, it is noted that these embodiments are only exemplary, not to this hair
Bright composition any restrictions.
A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1-4 includes the inner support component positioned at 1 inside of track
2 and the outer support component 3 positioned at the outside of track 1.Wheel 20 is fastened between two tracks 1, and the inside of track 1 passes through inner support
Component 2 is limited, and 1 outside of track is limited by outer support component 3.The inner support component 2 and outer support component 3 are remote
Leave the right or normal track 1 side is respectively provided with block 4, and the first bolt 5 from top to bottom passes through block 4 to screw in sleeper 6.Usual sleeper 6 is mixed
Solidifying soil sleeper is provided with nylon threaded sleeve in 6 inside of sleeper with bolt corresponding position, and bolt is matched with nylon threaded sleeve screw thread
It closes.
The inner support component 2 and outer support component 3 include flexible layer 7, the first steel pad set gradually from the bottom to top
Plate 8 and the second billet 9, flexible layer 7 are usually made of rubber slab or other plate bodys with certain flexibility, the flexible layer 7,
First billet 8 and the second billet 9 are overlapped successively.The side of first billet, 8 and second billet 9 is resisted against track
On 1, the other side is resisted against on block 4, to realize the limit lateral to track 1.As shown in Fig. 2, the outer support component 3 is also
Including padded plate 10, the padded plate 10 is laid in side of 9 upper surface of the second billet far from track 1, Fig. 2 middle orbits 1
In left side, then padded plate 10 is located at the right side of 9 upper surface of the second billet.The thickness of first billet, 8 and second billet 9
Degree can also be configured usually between 1-2CM according to the specific thickness of 1 bottom of track, that is, the first billet 8 and the
The thickness that two billets 9 add up is suitable with the thickness of 1 bottom of track, realizes and is effectively supported to track 1.
As shown in Figure 1, the inner support component 2 and outer support component 3 by the second bolt 11 and third bolt 12 with
Sleeper 6 is fixed, and second bolt 11 is located at close to the side of track 1, and third bolt 12 is located remotely from the side of track 1.Institute
The third bolt 12 for stating the second bolt 11 and inner support component 2 from top to bottom sequentially passes through the second billet 9, the first billet 8
It is screwed in sleeper 6 with flexible layer 7, and shape of a hoof spring 13 is set at second bolt 11, the shape of a hoof spring 13 is also
It is ω shape springs, on track 1, the other side is fastened on the head of the second bolt 11 and for 13 side of shape of a hoof spring pressing
Between two billets 9.The concrete structure of shape of a hoof spring 13 and its it is installed as the ordinary skill in the art, details are not described herein again.
The third bolt 12 of the outer support component 3 from top to bottom sequentially passes through padded plate 10, the second billet 9,8 and of the first billet
Flexible layer 7 screws in sleeper 6, and Z-shaped spring 14 is provided at the third bolt 12, and one end of the Z-shaped spring 14 is resisted against
The middle part in 1 outside of track, the other end are fastened between the head of third bolt 12 and padded plate 10.In conjunction with shown in Fig. 2 and 4, institute
The Z-shaped spring 14 stated is exactly to be made of a body made of Elastic Steel for two parallel zigzags, and the one of two zigzag bodies
End is connected by connection strap and presses the connection strap to take the shape of the letter U by another middle part bending at the middle part in 1 outside of track, the other end
Connect, and the position of U-shaped is fastened between the head of third bolt 12 and padded plate 10.
The Z-shaped spring 14 of the present invention is simple in structure, easy for installation, is propped up the middle part in 1 outside of track by Z-shaped spring 14
Support, not only can greatly reduce the risk that track 1 topples, while having widened stress transfer route, stress by with the middle part of track 1
The Z-shaped spring 14 and the lower part of track 1 for constituting support are transmitted, and avoid that local stress is excessive, improve the use of rail
Service life.In addition the elasticity that Z-shaped spring 14 has is capable of the transverse vibration on effective 1 top of cushioning rail, reaches stress release
Purpose.So that the stress performance of 1 entirety of track is greatly improved and is promoted.The setting of padded plate 10, which is played, raises Z
The effect of shape spring 14 is avoided and is interfered with each other between Z-shaped spring 14 and other component.By replacing various sizes of padded plate
10 also accommodate the track 1 of different specification size, flexibly and easily, versatile.The lower part of track 1 passes through 8 He of the first billet
Second billet 9 cooperates with block 4, realizes the lateral limit of track 1, is deposited between the first billet 8 and the second billet 9
Small gap, for component expand with heat and contract with cold deformation leave enough space nargin, risk of distortion is low, safety and stability.It is soft
Property layer 7 play cushioning effect, can reduce rail vibration and reduce noise pollution.Better way is also possible that the interior branch
The flexible layer 7 of support component 2 and outer support component 3 is made of same rubber pad, and the middle part of the rubber pad is located at the bottom of track 1
Between face and sleeper 6.That is 1 bottom surface of track is also equipped with flexible layer 7, and flexible layer 7 can be between cushioning rail 1 and sleeper 6
Friction and extruding, improve the service life of track 1 and sleeper 6.Especially flexible layer 7 is compounded with the rubber of steel wire by inside
When rubber cushion is constituted, the deformation reconstitution properties and abrasion resistance properties of rubber pad are further greatly improved, there is extremely long make
Use the service life.In addition, in order to improve bolted tightness, better way can also be first bolt 5, the second spiral shell
The neck of bolt 11 and third bolt 12 is arranged with spring washer and plain washer.
Track 1 is limited since shape of a hoof spring 13 and Z-shaped spring 14 not only need to have enough rigidity, together
When also need to have certain elastic force and come to the stress of track 1 into row buffering, therefore, shape of a hoof spring 13 and Z of the present invention
Shape spring 14 is made of spring steel, and the ingredient percent of the preferably described spring steel is：C 0.42~0.56%, Si
1.35~1.54%, Ti 0.42~0.53%, Sc 0.86~0.96%, Cr 1.12~1.32%, Ni.0.13~0.16%,
Cu 0.06-0.07%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.By C, Si, Ti, Sc,
The rational proportion of Cr, Ni so that steel are not only with good intensity also with fabulous toughness.
The processing method of two kinds of springs is as follows：
The first step, the preparation of spring steel
Embodiment and comparative example chemical composition is shown in Table 1, and preparation process is as follows：
Step a, electric arc furnace smelting-ladle refining-continuous casting
It carries out refining at the beginning of molten steel in 30 tons of electric arc furnaces；30 tons of ladle refining；Continuous casting；Produce 90 × 90mm2
~360 × 360mm2The qualified continuous casting billet of cross dimensions：
(1) it just refines：Furnace charge selects low P, S steel scrap and high duty pig iron；Alloy need to prepare low-carbon chromium, low-carbon cobalt, purity and be more than
99.99% tin, low Carbon Manganese etc.；Reducing agent：Calcium carbide, carbon dust, silicon metal etc.；The heat of oxidation：Diligent stream slag removes P, and decarburized amount >=
0.30%；Tapping condition：
T >=1650 DEG C, [P]≤0.008%, [C] >=0.03%.Suitable lime or synthetic slag is added in the tapping later stage.
(2) it refines：When electric furnace steel tapping 1/3, slag charge is added in ladle, and slag charge proportioning is controlled by basicity of slag 2.5~3.According to reality
Border desulfurization situation, can the whole basicity of slag of equal sentiment.Heating station uses Si-Fe powder and SiC powder deoxidations, is added portionwise, according to slag condition
And silicone content situation adjustment addition and addition batch in steel, a batch, 0.5~1.2kg/ of dosage generally was added at interval of 15 minutes
T makes refining process remain that deoxidation is good.Determine oxygen before ladle enters vacuum outgas, silicon is added according to oxygen activity situation
Iron, addition by finished product silicone content requirement limit with addition of, and combine determine oxygen value, judge deoxidation effect, decide whether to carry out silicon again
Amount adjustment.Ensure [O]≤0.0025%, [H]≤0.00015%；All the components, which enter in the range of optimization requires, starts bull ladle.
(3) continuous casting：High-temperature molten steel is poured by protection sleeve pipe into tundish, the tundish degree of superheat≤35 DEG C in ladle.
Tundish is refractory coating and must not be had crack using preceding complete cleaning, inner surface；Molten steel in tundish through continuous cast mold,
With rational speed, pours and outpour 160 × 160mm2~320 × 425mm2The qualified continuous casting billet of cross dimensions, according to different ingot shapes
Size poring rate is 1.2~2.80m/min.Qualified continuous casting billet is cooled to 980 DEG C soon on cold bed, into burial pit slow cooling, slow cooling
Time is 30~32 hours.
Step b, heating, controlled rolling wire rod and control cooling
Using rolling mill hot-working milling method, first qualified continuous casting billet surface is cleared up, then its hot-working is rolled
It makes to finished product wire rod, technology point：
(1) heating furnace heating process：1100~1250 DEG C of the soaking temperature of the heating, soaking time 2.5~3.5 is small
When, 1000~1050 DEG C of steel billet tapping temperature, the male and female face temperature difference≤45 DEG C；
(2) controlled rolling technique：After the steel billet of homogeneous heating is come out of the stove, normally-open high pressure descaling machine, rolling mill inlet temperature：
950~1000 DEG C；
(3) cold technique is controlled：Roll into online slow cooling after wire rod, insulation cover Close All, 60~80 DEG C/h of cooling velocity.
The mechanical property of embodiment and comparative example is shown in Table 2, and wherein mechanical property according to GB/T228, (draw by metal material room temperature
Stretch test method) detection.
The molding and heat treatment of rail fastening spring
After steel scale blanking, cold forming is tempered in 920~1000 DEG C of water quenchings and 600~720 DEG C；Quenching with 200~
The speed of 300 DEG C/min is cooled to 20~30 DEG C；Tempering is cooled to 20~30 DEG C with the speed of 50~80 DEG C/min.Embodiment and
The heat treatment process and mechanical property of comparative example refer to table 3, and wherein mechanical property is according to GB/T228 (metal material room temperature tensiles
Test method) detection.
The detection of fatigue life
According to《Provisional technical conditions are checked and accepted in the manufacture of high-speed railway fastener parts》Requirement adopted on fatigue experimental machine
With amplitude 2.5mm, fatigue experiment is carried out, the testing result of embodiment and comparative example is shown in Table 4.
The chemical composition of 1 embodiment and comparative example of table
| Number | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| C | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0.39 |
| Si | 3.20 | 3.39 | 3.60 | 3.40 | 3.60 | 1.68 |
| Mn | 0.80 | 0.90 | 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.94 | 0.94 |
| P | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| S | 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Sn | 0.10 | 0.18 | 0.22 | 0.21 | ≤0.001 | 0.22 |
| Co | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.06 | ≤0.001 | 0.08 |
| Cr | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Ni | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
| Cu | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
The mechanical property of 2 embodiment and comparative example spring steel of table
Mechanical performance after the heat treatment of 3 embodiment and comparative example of table
The fatigue life of 4 embodiment and comparative example of table
| Number | Fatigue life |
| Embodiment 1 | 6900000 times |
| Embodiment 2 | 7100000 times |
| Embodiment 3 | 7500000 times |
| Embodiment 4 | 7300000 times |
| Comparative example 1 | 6000000 times |
| Comparative example 2 | 6100000 times |
Six products are put into climatic chamber, set humidity as 80%, temperature be 60 DEG C, and stretching spring steel
The rod iron for being truncated into 100mm long is lain in a horizontal plane in glassware, and the acetic acid that mass concentration 5% is added dropwise in glassware accelerates oxygen
Change and corrosion, acetate deep submerge the half of rod iron thickness.Then since 30 days from every 10 days and record corrosion situation,
As a result as follows：
The accelerating corrosion experimental result of 5 embodiment of table and comparative example
By table 1,2 and 5 it is found that the contraction percentage of area Z of embodiment illustrates spring steel of the present invention between 53-58%
Toughness plasticity and cold forming ability are more preferable；And it after increasing cobalt and tin and adjusting the ratio of carbon and silicon, not only significantly improves
Anti-corrosion ability, and can ensure mechanical property under the conditions of spring steel low-carbon.Pass through the heat treatment side of the present invention known to table 3
Method quenching is easy to operate at low cost using water cooling, illustrates that the heat treatment method of the present invention is more environmentally friendly, spring mechanics after processing
Superior performance.The fatigue life of spring steel of the present invention is significantly higher than the fatigue life of comparative example.Spring steel produced by the invention leads to
It crosses cold forming and fastener is made, properties meet requirement, relatively traditional rail fastener cost reduction after heat treatment.
The present invention has also carried out certain improvement to the processing of the casting such as padded plate 10 simultaneously.If Fig. 5-11 is rail fastening
Casting, such as padded plate 10, the first billet 8, the second billet 9 system of processing.System of processing includes blank conveying mechanism
20, the discharge end of the conveying mechanism 20 is connected with the feed inlet of the first milling mechanism 30, and first milling mechanism 30 goes out
Material mouth is connected with the feed inlet of the second milling mechanism 40；Plane 101 of first milling mechanism 30 for the padded plate of milling 10；
The first milling head 31 for milling strip through-hole 103 is provided on first milling mechanism 30；Second milling mechanism 40
Inclined-plane 104 for the padded plate of milling 10；Second milling mechanism 40 is connected with discharging mechanism 50, and discharging mechanism 50 is used for will
The padded plate 10 processed is sent in hopper 60.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the first milling on above-mentioned the first milling mechanism 30 and the first milling mechanism 30
First 31 are respectively used to the plane 101 and strip through-hole 103 of the padded plate of milling 10, the plane 101 and item of above-mentioned padded plate 10
After 103 completion of processing of shape through-hole, it is sent on the second milling mechanism 40, and Milling Process goes out the end chamfer of padded plate 10
104, in this way 10 completion of processing of entire padded plate, hopper 60 is sent to using discharging mechanism 50 by the padded plate 10 processed, from
And transhipment can be gone out, which can realize the full-automation of padded plate 10, be remarkably improved the processing effect of padded plate 10
Rate.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 7,20 horizontally disposed transmission belt 21 of the conveying mechanism, institute
The both sides for stating transmission belt 21 are provided with striker plate 22, and the discharge port linking of the transmission belt 21 has discharging tablet 23, the discharging
Tablet 23 is connected with the feed inlet of the first milling mechanism 30；
Above-mentioned blank to be processed has the discharge port of equipment to be sent to transmission belt 21, and is sent to discharging by transmission belt 21
On tablet 23, to realize the positioning to blank using the striker plate 22 of transmission belt 21 both sides setting so that blank is neatly side by side
Arrangement is sent to the feed end of the first milling mechanism 30.
Further, first milling mechanism 30 includes the first sliding rail 32, first sliding rail 32 it is horizontal and with transmission
Parallel with 21 conveying direction, the sliding of the first sliding rail 32 is provided with the first positioning table 33, the upper face of first positioning table 33
It is provided through positioning runner 331, the flute length direction of the positioning runner 331 is horizontal and, first gas parallel with the first sliding rail 32
Cylinder 35 drives the notch of the positioning runner 331 of the first positioning table 33 and the tablet 23 that discharges is closer or far from first positioning table
33 top is provided with the second milling head 34 of the plane 101 for processing padded plate 10, and first milling head 31 is arranged first
The top of positioning table 33；
The first above-mentioned cylinder 35 drives the notch of the positioning runner 331 of the first positioning table 33 and discharging tablet 23 close,
Blank is sent in positioning runner 331, and can be realized to the Primary Location of padded plate 10 using positioning runner 331, is avoided
There is the play of direction of both ends in padded plate 10.
Firm positioning for implementation to the blank on positioning runner 331, the positioning runner 331 of first positioning table 33
Both ends are respectively arranged with baffle 361, and the baffle 361 is connect with the piston rod of third cylinder 36, the piston of third cylinder 36
Bar it is vertical and drive the both ends of 361 plate face of baffle and positioning runner 331 closer or far from；
When the first positioning table 33 is moved to the first milling head 31 and the second 34 lower section of milling head, third cylinder 36 acts, from
And pasted with the both ends of the positioning runner 331 of the first positioning table 33, to realize the firm positioning to the blank on positioning runner 331
Firm positioning；
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 9, it is provided with close to switch 39, institute close to one end of the second milling mechanism 40 in positioning runner 331
It states and is protruded out in the notch of positioning runner 331 close to the end of switch 39, when padded plate 10 is that delivery is close in positioning runner 331
When the case where speed, the padded plate 10 for being located adjacent to switch 39 is sentenced against close to switch 39 so that conveying mechanism 20 stops
The padded plate 10 to break on the positioning runner 331 has been expired, and milling is carried out to be transferred to the first milling head 31 and 34 lower section of the second milling head
Processing is cut, thus the degree of automation of the system is high.
Closer, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 8, second milling mechanism 40 includes the second sliding rail 41, second sliding rail
41 is parallel with the first sliding rail 32, and the sliding of the second sliding rail 41 is provided with servo motor 42, and the shaft end of the servo motor 42 is provided with
Second positioning table 43 is provided with locating groove 431, the flute length direction water of the locating groove 431 on second positioning table 43
Flat and parallel with the second sliding rail 41, the second cylinder 45 drives the notch and positioning runner of the locating groove 431 of the second positioning table 43
331 notch is closer or far from the top of second positioning table 43 is provided with of the inclined-plane 104 for processing padded plate 10
Three milling heads 44；
The top of first positioning table 33 is provided with first and catches up with flitch 37, and described first catches up with flitch 37 to be arranged in the 4th gas
On the piston rod of cylinder 38, the piston rod of the 4th cylinder 38 is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged on track, driving mechanism driving
One end of the locating groove 431 of 4th cylinder 38 and the second positioning table 43 closer or far from.
Above-mentioned servo motor 42 drives the rotation of the second positioning table 43, and the startup of the 4th cylinder 38 will be on the first positioning table 33
Blank rushes in the locating groove 431 on the second positioning table 43, and starts the rotation of the second positioning table 43 so as to be processed is oblique
Face 103 is horizontal, starts third milling head 44, you can process inclined-plane 104.
Similarly, what the discharging mechanism 50 was arranged above the second positioning table 43 second catches up with flitch 51, and described second catches up with material
Plate 51 is arranged on the piston rod of the 5th cylinder 52, and the piston rod of the 5th cylinder 52 is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged in track
On, the material mouth of the 5th cylinder 52 of actuating unit driving and hopper 60 closer or far from；
The 5th above-mentioned cylinder 52 starts, and the padded plate 10 of completion of processing is rushed in hopper 60.
For the firm fixation for realizing to blank to be processed, in conjunction with shown in Figure 11 a to Figure 11 c, second positioning table 43
The slot bottom of locating groove 431 be an inclined-plane, the side of the locating groove 431 is provided with locating piece 48, the locating piece 48
It is arranged on the piston rod of the 6th cylinder 49, the piston rod of the 6th cylinder 49 is horizontal and hangs down with the flute length of locating groove 431
Directly, the driving of the 6th cylinder 49 locating piece 48 and padded plate 10 closer or far from；
The 6th above-mentioned cylinder 49 starts, to which locating piece 48 to be resisted against to one end of padded plate 10, to realize to pad
The firm clamping of high plate 10 starts third milling head 44, to process the inclined-plane 104 of padded plate 10.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rail fastening, it is characterised in that：Including being located at the inner support component (2) on the inside of track (1) and being located at track (1)
The outer support component (3) in outside；The side of the inner support component (2) and outer support component (3) far from track (1) is respectively provided with gear
Block (4), the first bolt (5) from top to bottom pass through block (4) to screw in sleeper (6)；
The inner support component (2) and outer support component (3) include flexible layer (7), the first steel set gradually from the bottom to top
Backing plate (8) and the second billet (9)；The side of first billet (8) and the second billet (9) is resisted against on track (1),
The other side is resisted against on block (4)；The outer support component (3) further includes padded plate (10), and the padded plate (10) is laid in
Side of second billet (9) upper surface far from track (1)；
The inner support component (2) and outer support component (3) pass through the second bolt (11) and third bolt (12) and sleeper (6)
Fixed, second bolt (11) is located at close to the side of track (1), and third bolt (12) is located remotely from the side of track (1)；
The third bolt (12) of second bolt (11) and inner support component (2) from top to bottom sequentially passes through the second billet (9),
One billet (8) and flexible layer (7) screw in sleeper (6), and shape of a hoof spring (13), institute are arranged at second bolt (11)
The pressing of shape of a hoof spring (13) side is stated on track (1), the other side is fastened on head and the second steel pad of the second bolt (11)
Between plate (9)；The third bolt (12) of the outer support component (3) from top to bottom sequentially passes through padded plate (10), the second steel pad
Plate (9), the first billet (8) and flexible layer (7) screw in sleeper (6), and are provided with Z-shaped spring at the third bolt (12)
(14), one end of the Z-shaped spring (14) is resisted against the middle part on the outside of track (1), and the other end is fastened on third bolt (12)
Between head and padded plate (10).
2. rail fastening according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Spring steel used in described two springs at sub-prime
Measuring percentage is：C 0.15~0.20%, Si 3.2~3.6%, Mn 0.80~0.95%, Cr 0.12~0.16%,
Ni0.01~0.06%, Sn 0.10~0.22%, Co 0.04~0.08%, Cu 0.15-0.18%, P≤0.008%, S≤
0.006%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. the processing method of rail fastening according to claim 2, includes the processing method of two kinds of springs, feature exists
In：Include the following steps：
A, just refining, refining and continuous casting；
The just refining carries out in electric arc furnaces, and tapping condition is T >=1650 DEG C, [P]≤0.008% and [C] >=0.03%；
The refining is ladle refining, wherein addition SiFe powder and SiC powder deoxidations, all the components start bull ladle after meeting the requirements；
The continuous casting is to pour to outpour 160 × 160mm2~320 × 425mm2The continuous casting billet of cross dimensions, poring rate 1.2
~2.80m/min, continuous casting billet are cooled to 980 DEG C soon on cold bed, then slow cooling, temperature retention time 30~32 hours；
B, heating, controlled rolling and control cooling；
1100~1250 DEG C of the soaking temperature of the heating, soaking time 2.5~3.5 hours, steel billet tapping temperature 1000~
1050 DEG C, the male and female face temperature difference≤45 DEG C,
Rolling mill inlet temperature is 950~1000 DEG C in the controlled rolling, is rolled into wire rod；
The cooling cooling velocity of the control is 60~80 DEG C/h；
C, the blanking of wire rod material, cold forming and heat treatment；
After steel scale blanking, then cold forming is heat-treated.
4. the processing method of rail fastening according to claim 3, which is characterized in that high before the controlled rolling of step b
Press de-scaling step.
5. the processing method of rail fastening according to claim 1, which is characterized in that heat treatment step includes：920~
1000 DEG C of water quenchings and 600~720 DEG C of tempering；Quenching is cooled to 20~30 DEG C with the speed of 200~300 DEG C/min；Tempering is with 50
The speed of~80 DEG C/min is cooled to 20~30 DEG C.
6. the system of processing of rail fastening according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including padded plate blank material conveying mechanism
(20), the discharge end of the conveying mechanism (20) is connected with the feed inlet of the first milling mechanism (30), first milling mechanism
(30) discharge port is connected with the feed inlet of the second milling mechanism (40)；
First milling mechanism (30) is used for the plane (11) of the padded plate of milling (10)；
The first milling head (31) for milling strip through-hole (13) is provided on first milling mechanism (30)；
Second milling mechanism (40) is used for the inclined-plane (14) of the padded plate of milling (10)；
Second milling mechanism (40) is connected with discharging mechanism (50), the padded plate that discharging mechanism (50) is used to process
(10) it is sent in hopper (60)；
The both sides of the horizontally disposed transmission belt of the conveying mechanism (20) (21), the transmission belt (21) are provided with striker plate
(22), the discharge port linking of the transmission belt (21) has discharging tablet (23), the discharging tablet (23) and the first milling mechanism
(30) feed inlet linking.
7. the system of processing of rail fastening according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：First milling mechanism (30) packet
Include the first sliding rail (32), the first sliding rail (32) level and, first sliding rail (32) parallel with the conveying direction of transmission belt (21)
Sliding is provided with the first positioning table (33), and the upper face of first positioning table (33) is provided through positioning runner (331), institute
The flute length direction for stating positioning runner (331) is horizontal and parallel with the first sliding rail (32), and the first cylinder (35) drives the first positioning table
(33) notch of positioning runner (331) and discharging tablet (23) above first positioning table (33) closer or far from setting
It is equipped with the second milling head (34) of the plane (101) for processing padded plate (10), the first milling head (31) setting is fixed first
The top of position platform (33).
8. full-automation rail fastening system of processing according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Second milling mechanism
(40) include the second sliding rail (41), second sliding rail (41) is parallel with the first sliding rail (32), the second sliding rail (41) sliding setting
There are servo motor (42), the shaft end of the servo motor (42) to be provided with the second positioning table (43), second positioning table (43)
On be provided with locating groove (431), the flute length direction of the locating groove (431) is horizontal and parallel with the second sliding rail (41), the
Two cylinders (45) drive the notch of notch and the positioning runner (331) of the locating groove (431) of the second positioning table (43) close or
It is separate, the third milling head on the inclined-plane (104) for processing padded plate (10) is provided with above second positioning table (43)
(44)。
9. full-automation rail fastening system of processing according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：First positioning table
(33) both ends of positioning runner (331) are respectively arranged with baffle (361), the baffle (361) with third cylinder (36)
Piston rod connects, and the piston rod of third cylinder (36) is vertical and driving baffle (361) plate face and the both ends of positioning runner (331) are leaned on
Close or remote from.
10. full-automation rail fastening system of processing according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：First positioning table
(33) it is provided with first above and catches up with flitch (37), described first catches up with flitch (37) setting in the piston rod of the 4th cylinder (38)
On, the piston rod of the 4th cylinder (38) is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged on track, and driving mechanism drives the 4th cylinder
(38) with one end of the locating groove of the second positioning table (43) (431) closer or far from；
What the discharging mechanism (50) was arranged above the second positioning table (43) second catches up with flitch (51), and described second catches up with flitch
(51) it is arranged on the piston rod of the 5th cylinder (52), the piston rod of the 5th cylinder (52) is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged in
On track, actuating unit drive the material mouth of the 5th cylinder (52) and hopper (60) closer or far from；
The slot bottom of the locating groove (431) of second positioning table (43) is an inclined-plane, and the side of the locating groove (431) is set
It is equipped with locating piece (48), the locating piece (48) is arranged on the piston rod of the 6th cylinder (49), the 6th cylinder (49)
Piston rod is horizontal and vertical with the flute length of locating groove (431), and the 6th cylinder (49) drives locating piece (48) and padded plate (10)
Closer or far from.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710136292.5A CN108570892B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710136292.5A CN108570892B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108570892A true CN108570892A (en) | 2018-09-25 |
| CN108570892B CN108570892B (en) | 2019-09-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108570891A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-25 | 四川省宜宾普什驱动有限责任公司 | A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener |
| CN110983192A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 上海材料研究所 | High-performance fastener elastic strip and manufacturing method and application thereof |
| WO2022143705A1 (en) * | 2021-01-03 | 2022-07-07 | 米建军 | Rail clip and rail fastener assembly |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4470543A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1984-09-11 | Gray Laurence W | Rail fastening |
| CN102162068A (en) * | 2010-02-21 | 2011-08-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Spring steel and manufacturing and thermal treatment method thereof |
| CN101360864B (en) * | 2006-01-21 | 2012-07-04 | 沃斯洛工厂有限公司 | Steel rail mounting system |
| CN203284701U (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-11-13 | 太仓中博铁路紧固件有限公司 | Elastic fastener enabling steel rail gauge to be adjustable |
| CN108570891A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-25 | 四川省宜宾普什驱动有限责任公司 | A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener |
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2017
- 2017-03-09 CN CN201710136292.5A patent/CN108570892B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4470543A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1984-09-11 | Gray Laurence W | Rail fastening |
| CN101360864B (en) * | 2006-01-21 | 2012-07-04 | 沃斯洛工厂有限公司 | Steel rail mounting system |
| CN102162068A (en) * | 2010-02-21 | 2011-08-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Spring steel and manufacturing and thermal treatment method thereof |
| CN203284701U (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-11-13 | 太仓中博铁路紧固件有限公司 | Elastic fastener enabling steel rail gauge to be adjustable |
| CN108570891A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-25 | 四川省宜宾普什驱动有限责任公司 | A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108570891A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-25 | 四川省宜宾普什驱动有限责任公司 | A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener |
| CN110983192A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 上海材料研究所 | High-performance fastener elastic strip and manufacturing method and application thereof |
| WO2022143705A1 (en) * | 2021-01-03 | 2022-07-07 | 米建军 | Rail clip and rail fastener assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108570892B (en) | 2019-09-06 |
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