A kind of hollow pineapple hemp composite and its preparation process
Technical field
The present invention relates to textile fabric field more particularly to it is a kind of having light high-strength performance while have outstanding bullet
Property and antioxidative hollow pineapple hemp composite and its preparation process.
Background technology
Pineapple flaxen fiber, that is, pina leaf fibre, is the fiber extracted from pina blade, belongs to blade bast-fibre.
Pineapple flaxen fiber is combined closely by many fibre bundles, and each fibre bundle is combined by 10~20 individual fiber cells collection again.
Fiber surface is coarse, there is longitudinal slot and ceasma, laterally there is minor matters, without natural distortion.Individual fiber cells are cylindrical, both ends
Point, surface is smooth, there is linear lumen.Pina fiber appearance is pure white, soft and smooth property, feel such as silk, therefore has pineapple flax silk again
Appellation.Pineapple flaxen fiber is after deep processing is handled, white appearance, soft and smooth property, can be blended with natural fiber or synthetic fibers,
The fabric woven is easy printing and dyeing, and sweat-absorbing breathable is well-pressed wrinkle resistant, comfortable and easy to wear.
But there is apparent defects for pineapple flaxen fiber, i.e., it is with having higher intensity, but its due to hemicellulose and
Content of lignin is higher, relatively thick harder, and elongation is small and elastic very poor, when being used as textile fabric must by with it is a large amount of
Natural fiber or synthetic fibers it is blended formed it is interrupted it is blended just can guarantee that its quality is softer, and enhance certain tensile property and
Elasticity.
Such as a kind of Patent Office of the People's Republic of China patent of invention Shen of blended fibriia composite fabric disclosed in 30 days April in 2014
Please, application publication number CN103753878A needs a large amount of by pineapple flaxen fiber and sisal fiber as a kind of textile fabric
The blended performance that just can guarantee its surface layer moisture absorption air-permeable layer, and its due to it is blended when still keep higher pineapple flaxen fiber
Weight ratio, surface layer quality is still harder, and performance is still extremely limited.
A kind of for another example Patent Office of the People's Republic of China patent of invention Shen of Two-layer composite sound insulation fabric disclosed in 26 days March in 2014
Please, application publication number CN103660417A, by pineapple flaxen fiber and coconut silk fiber with weight when using pineapple flaxen fiber
Than (49~56):The ratio of (44~51) is used in mixed way, to ensure its pliability and elasticity for generating.
Invention content
To solve in the prior art to limit to the use of pineapple flaxen fiber, and pina has as a kind of natural material
The problem of performance characteristics of standby high-strength and high ductility are unable to get good performance, of the invention first purpose is carried by processing modified
The flexibility and elasticity of high pineapple flaxen fiber have the hollow of outstanding flexibility and elasticity while so that it is had light high-strength performance
Pineapple hemp composite.
To solve the problems, such as pineapple flaxen fiber easily jaundice, deterioration by oxidation in hot environment again, second object of the present invention
It is the antioxygenic property for improving hollow pineapple hemp composite.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of environmentally protective hollow pineapple hemp composite preparation processes.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation process of hollow pineapple hemp composite, the preparation process includes following preparation process:
1) pina Ultramicro-powder suspension is prepared:Pina fiber powder is placed in micronizer and is crushed, crushing obtains pina
Fiber Ultramicro-powder mixes pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder with casein solution, and ultrasonic vibration is to forming finely dispersed pina
Ultramicro-powder suspension;
2) preparation of carbon-based suspension:Sorting removal impurity is carried out to graphite waste, then it is crushed to fine-powdered, is utilized
Oxidant is oxidized to the graphite oxide of expansion, and graphite oxide is mixed with water, forms mixed liquor, is added into mixed liquor thin
Aluminium powder simultaneously carries out ultrasonic vibration, and carbon-based suspension is obtained after ultrasonic vibration to graphite oxide and atomized aluminium are uniformly dispersed;
3) preparation of precursor fibre:By the pina Ultramicro-powder suspension obtained by step 1) and the carbon-based suspension obtained by step 2)
It is mixed into mixing suspension, spinneret obtains forerunner after 5~8h of isothermal reaction under the conditions of mixing suspension is placed in 100~130 DEG C
Body fiber;
4) preparation of hollow pineapple hemp composite:Precursor fibre obtained by step 3) is placed in vacuum or inert gas shielding gas
600~700 DEG C of 3~6h of insulation reaction are carried out in atmosphere, and vacuum or inert gas shielding atmospheric condition is kept to be cooled to room temperature, and are obtained
To hollow pineapple hemp composite.
By obtaining the Ultramicro-powder of superfine state to the crushing of pina fiber powder, and height is carried out to it using casein solution
Degree disperses and stablizes, and with graphite oxide, atomized aluminium mixing constant temperature, casein plays the role of binder again, is allowed to be formed good
Fibre structure, then carry out pyroreaction in vacuum or inert gas shielding atmosphere, form interrupted pineapple flaxen fiber, thin aluminium
Graphite oxide is gradually reduced into expanded graphite by powder, and the pineapple flaxen fiber in disconnected portion is attached by expanded graphite, and pina again
Expanded graphite is adulterated in fiber longitudinal crack and ceasma, is covered by expanded graphite and interrupted oxidation aluminium in pina fibrous outer surfaces
The anti-oxidant film layer that film mingles substantially increases the elasticity and antioxygenic property of pineapple flaxen fiber.
Preferably, described pina fiber powder is placed in micronizer of step 1) is crushed to 300~600 mesh.
Uniformity coefficient higher after the pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder dispersion of high mesh number, is conducive to subsequent reactions.
Preferably, a concentration of 10wt% of the step 1) casein solution, pina fiber powder and 10wt% junket eggs
White solution is with mass ratio 5:The ratio of (3~4) mixes.
After being mixed with the ratio and the suspension of formation is shaken with more good mobility.
Graphite waste is carried out after sorting removal impurity preferably, step 2) is described, is crushed to 60~300 mesh,
The mesh number of atomized aluminium is 60~300 mesh.
The graphite waste of high mesh number forms the graphite oxide of high mesh number, after the graphite oxide and atomized aluminium of high mesh number are conducive to
The progress of continuous dispersion, diffusion and doping.
Preferably, the step 2) oxidant is oxidizing acid or potassium permanganate, graphite oxide, water and atomized aluminium are with matter
Amount is than (5~10):200:The ratio of (15~20) mixes.
Oxidizing acid and potassium permanganate have good zinc oxide, graphite oxide, water and the atomized aluminium energy of ratio mixing
It enough keeps preferable mobility and forms more uniform dispersion suspension.
Preferably, step 3) the pina Ultramicro-powder suspension and carbon-based suspension are with mass ratio 300:(5~20)
Ratio mixes.
Preferably, the isothermal reaction of the step 3) mixing suspension carries out in protective atmosphere.
Progress isothermal reaction is carried out in protective atmosphere can avoid the pineapple flaxen fiber in precursor fibre generating process
Oxidation occurs or recurring structure changes, causes its performance to decline and influences the progress of subsequent reactions.
A kind of hollow pineapple hemp composite, the fibrous matrix are interrupted pineapple flaxen fiber, and portion of breaking is by expanded graphite
Connection, oxidation-resistant film is covered with doped with expanded graphite in pineapple flaxen fiber longitudinal crack and ceasma and on corpus fibrosum surface
Layer.
Pineapple flaxen fiber itself has good obdurability, is a kind of natural fiber that performance is extremely excellent, but it is in morning
Since its matter is hard when phase, and the reasons such as ductility and elasticity are very poor, it is difficult to it is utilized effectively, often it is burned
Processing.And in subsequent development, by gradually beginning to use with other natural fibers or the blended of synthetic fibers, but even
Blended to also suffer from that itself matter is hard, and influence the problems such as ductility and very poor elasticity, only leaning on blended can not be effectively improved.And
By being destroyed to pineapple flaxen fiber partially connected architecture in high-temperature vacuum or protective atmosphere environment, interrupted pineapple is formed
Flaxen fiber, and then connected with having the expanded graphite of good flexible, ductility and very outstanding elastic property, it realizes
Change to pineapple flaxen fiber in microstructure keeps the hollow structure of its linear lumen, keeps its light high-strength excellent
Elegant characteristic greatly improves the undesirable feature of itself, and being allowed to can become a kind of can facilitate weaving, use without blended
Fiber, and very thin fine and close anti-oxidant film layer is formed on corpus fibrosum surface, anti-oxidant film layer can improve original pina
The poor problem of fiber inoxidizability, with more permanent service life.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) using the pineapple flaxen fiber of environmental protection as basis material, and graphite content can be simply recycled by graphite waste to pina
Fiber carries out composite mixed reinforcing, realizes the recycling of resource, is a kind of environmentally protective fiber;
2) outside the advantage performance for keeping pineapple flaxen fiber itself, the disadvantage performance of itself is improved, is substantially increased
Flexibility, ductility and the elasticity of pineapple flaxen fiber;
3) so that pineapple flaxen fiber is had very outstanding antioxygenic property, and improve the heatproof of pineapple flaxen fiber to a certain extent
Performance makes it possess more permanent service life;
4) preparation process is very succinct, and environmentally protective, does not generate pollution, does not cause adverse effect to human body.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, shows
Right described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, originally
The every other embodiment that field those of ordinary skill is obtained without making creative work, belongs to the present invention
Protection domain.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation process of hollow pineapple hemp composite, the preparation process includes following preparation process:
1) pina Ultramicro-powder suspension is prepared:Pina fiber powder is placed in micronizer and is crushed to 300 mesh, crushing obtains
Pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder, by the casein solution of pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder and a concentration of 10wt% with mass ratio 5:3 ratio
Example mixing, ultrasonic vibration is to forming finely dispersed pina Ultramicro-powder suspension;
2) preparation of carbon-based suspension:Sorting removal impurity is carried out to graphite waste, then it is crushed to 60 targeted fine powders
Shape is oxidized to the graphite oxide of expansion using oxidizing acid or potassium permanganate, graphite oxide is mixed with water, and mixing is formed
The atomized aluminium that mesh number is 60 mesh is added into mixed liquor and carries out ultrasonic vibration, waits for ultrasonic vibration to graphite oxide and thin aluminium for liquid
Powder obtains carbon-based suspension after being uniformly dispersed, the wherein mass ratio of graphite oxide, water and atomized aluminium is 5:200:15;
3) preparation of precursor fibre:By the pina Ultramicro-powder suspension obtained by step 1) and the carbon-based suspension obtained by step 2)
With mass ratio 300:5 ratio is mixed into mixing suspension, and mixing suspension is placed under the conditions of 100 DEG C in nitrogen protection atmosphere
Spinneret obtains precursor fibre after middle isothermal reaction 5h;
4) preparation of hollow pineapple hemp composite:Precursor fibre obtained by step 3) is placed in vacuum and carries out 600 DEG C of heat preservations
3h is reacted, and vacuum condition is kept to be cooled to room temperature, obtains hollow pineapple hemp composite.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation process of hollow pineapple hemp composite, the preparation process includes following preparation process:
1) pina Ultramicro-powder suspension is prepared:Pina fiber powder is placed in micronizer and is crushed to 600 mesh, crushing obtains
Pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder, by the casein solution of pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder and a concentration of 10wt% with mass ratio 5:4 ratio
Example mixing, ultrasonic vibration is to forming finely dispersed pina Ultramicro-powder suspension;
2) preparation of carbon-based suspension:Sorting removal impurity is carried out to graphite waste, then it is crushed to 300 targeted fine powders
Shape is oxidized to the graphite oxide of expansion using oxidizing acid or potassium permanganate, graphite oxide is mixed with water, and mixing is formed
The atomized aluminium that mesh number is 300 mesh is added into mixed liquor and carries out ultrasonic vibration, waits for ultrasonic vibration to graphite oxide and thin aluminium for liquid
Powder obtains carbon-based suspension after being uniformly dispersed, the wherein mass ratio of graphite oxide, water and atomized aluminium is 10:200:20;
3) preparation of precursor fibre:By the pina Ultramicro-powder suspension obtained by step 1) and the carbon-based suspension obtained by step 2)
With mass ratio 300:20 ratio is mixed into mixing suspension, in nitrogen protection gas under the conditions of mixing suspension is placed in 130 DEG C
Spinneret obtains precursor fibre after isothermal reaction 8h in atmosphere;
4) preparation of hollow pineapple hemp composite:Precursor fibre obtained by step 3) is placed in argon inert gas protective atmosphere
700 DEG C of insulation reaction 6h of middle progress, and argon inert gas protective atmosphere condition is kept to be cooled to room temperature, obtain hollow pina
Composite fibre.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation process of hollow pineapple hemp composite, the preparation process includes following preparation process:
1) pina Ultramicro-powder suspension is prepared:Pina fiber powder is placed in micronizer and is crushed to 450 mesh, crushing obtains
Pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder, by the casein solution of pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder and a concentration of 10wt% with mass ratio 5:3 ratio
Example mixing, ultrasonic vibration is to forming finely dispersed pina Ultramicro-powder suspension;
2) preparation of carbon-based suspension:Sorting removal impurity is carried out to graphite waste, then it is crushed to 200 targeted fine powders
Shape is oxidized to the graphite oxide of expansion using oxidizing acid or potassium permanganate, graphite oxide is mixed with water, and mixing is formed
The atomized aluminium that mesh number is 200 mesh is added into mixed liquor and carries out ultrasonic vibration, waits for ultrasonic vibration to graphite oxide and thin aluminium for liquid
Powder obtains carbon-based suspension after being uniformly dispersed, the wherein mass ratio of graphite oxide, water and atomized aluminium is 10:200:15;
3) preparation of precursor fibre:By the pina Ultramicro-powder suspension obtained by step 1) and the carbon-based suspension obtained by step 2)
With mass ratio 300:5 ratio is mixed into mixing suspension, and mixing suspension is placed under the conditions of 130 DEG C in argon atmosphere
Spinneret obtains precursor fibre after middle isothermal reaction 6h;
4) preparation of hollow pineapple hemp composite:Precursor fibre obtained by step 3) is placed in vacuum and carries out 650 DEG C of heat preservations
5h is reacted, and vacuum condition is kept to be cooled to room temperature, obtains hollow pineapple hemp composite.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation process of hollow pineapple hemp composite, the preparation process includes following preparation process:
1) pina Ultramicro-powder suspension is prepared:Pina fiber powder is placed in micronizer and is crushed to 40 mesh, crushing obtains
Pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder, by the casein solution of pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder and a concentration of 10wt% with mass ratio 5:4 ratio
Example mixing, ultrasonic vibration is to forming finely dispersed pina Ultramicro-powder suspension;
2) preparation of carbon-based suspension:Sorting removal impurity is carried out to graphite waste, then it is crushed to 180 targeted fine powders
Shape is oxidized to the graphite oxide of expansion using oxidizing acid or potassium permanganate, graphite oxide is mixed with water, and mixing is formed
The atomized aluminium that mesh number is 180 mesh is added into mixed liquor and carries out ultrasonic vibration, waits for ultrasonic vibration to graphite oxide and thin aluminium for liquid
Powder obtains carbon-based suspension after being uniformly dispersed, the wherein mass ratio of graphite oxide, water and atomized aluminium is 5:200:20;
3) preparation of precursor fibre:By the pina Ultramicro-powder suspension obtained by step 1) and the carbon-based suspension obtained by step 2)
With mass ratio 300:15 ratio is mixed into mixing suspension, and mixing suspension is placed under the conditions of 100 DEG C in protective atmosphere
Spinneret obtains precursor fibre after 5~8h of isothermal reaction;
4) preparation of hollow pineapple hemp composite:Precursor fibre obtained by step 3) is placed in argon inert gas protective atmosphere
700 DEG C of insulation reaction 3h of middle progress, and argon inert gas protective atmosphere condition is kept to be cooled to room temperature, obtain hollow pina
Composite fibre.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation process of hollow pineapple hemp composite, the preparation process includes following preparation process:
1) pina Ultramicro-powder suspension is prepared:Pina fiber powder is placed in micronizer and is crushed to 500 mesh, crushing obtains
Pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder, by the casein solution of pineapple flaxen fiber Ultramicro-powder and a concentration of 10wt% with mass ratio 5:3.5
Ratio mixes, and ultrasonic vibration is to forming finely dispersed pina Ultramicro-powder suspension;
2) preparation of carbon-based suspension:Sorting removal impurity is carried out to graphite waste, then it is crushed to 300 targeted fine powders
Shape is oxidized to the graphite oxide of expansion using oxidizing acid or potassium permanganate, graphite oxide is mixed with water, and mixing is formed
The atomized aluminium that mesh number is 60 mesh is added into mixed liquor and carries out ultrasonic vibration, waits for ultrasonic vibration to graphite oxide and thin aluminium for liquid
Powder obtains carbon-based suspension after being uniformly dispersed, the wherein mass ratio of graphite oxide, water and atomized aluminium is 10:200:15;
3) preparation of precursor fibre:By the pina Ultramicro-powder suspension obtained by step 1) and the carbon-based suspension obtained by step 2)
With mass ratio 300:15 ratio is mixed into mixing suspension, and mixing suspension is placed under the conditions of 120 DEG C in protective atmosphere
Spinneret obtains precursor fibre after isothermal reaction 6h;
4) preparation of hollow pineapple hemp composite:Precursor fibre obtained by step 3) is placed in vacuum and carries out 650 DEG C of heat preservations
6h is reacted, and vacuum condition is kept to be cooled to room temperature, obtains hollow pineapple hemp composite.
Comparative example
The natural pineapple flaxen fiber directly extracted by pina.
The filiform that natural pineapple flaxen fiber in Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example is made to diameter 1mm carries out carrying out performance inspection
It surveys and compares.
Comparing result is as shown in the table:
Wherein ductility is detected as that the silk of diameter 1mm for the natural pineapple flaxen fiber in Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example is made
Shape is stretched to 150% length of raw footage and is carried out for standard, sees whether to be broken;Resilience equally with by Examples 1 to 5 with
The filiform that diameter 1mm is made in natural pineapple flaxen fiber in comparative example is stretched to 150% length of raw footage and is carried out for standard, calculates
After reply length relative to raw footage increment and calculate ratio;Antioxygenic property is will be in Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example
The Filamentous as placement 72h observations jaundice situation under the conditions of 80 DEG C of diameter 1mm is made in natural pineapple flaxen fiber.