CN108570484A - A method of using fermentation method three times by purification enrichment DHA grease in algae zymotic fluid - Google Patents
A method of using fermentation method three times by purification enrichment DHA grease in algae zymotic fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN108570484A CN108570484A CN201710130013.4A CN201710130013A CN108570484A CN 108570484 A CN108570484 A CN 108570484A CN 201710130013 A CN201710130013 A CN 201710130013A CN 108570484 A CN108570484 A CN 108570484A
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- dha
- fermentation
- zymotic fluid
- algae
- grease
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6472—Glycerides containing polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] residues, i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a kind of using fermentation method three times by the method for purification enrichment DHA grease in algae zymotic fluid.DHA is a kind of essential element of nervous system cell growth and maintenance, is the important composition ingredient of brain and retina, content is up to 20% in human brain cortex, and 50% is accounted for about in eye retina, most important to tire infant intelligence and visual acuity.The process modification of algae fermenting and producing DHA focuses mostly in excellent species selection and breeding, medium optimization and fermentation process feed supplement and control strategy optimization at present, then less to the discussion in terms of the purifying of algae DHA grease and enrichment.This method is handled algae zymotic fluid using fermentation method three times, greatly reduce demulsification difficulty, natural DHA opposite the characteristics of being enriched in glyceride Sn 2 is utilized simultaneously, the non-DHA aliphatic acid in removal triglycerides on Sn 1 is reacted by biological esterlysis, realize the enrichment to DHA, it is demulsified and is purified without adding organic solvent, and the product that DHA content reaches 50~60% can be obtained, hence it is evident that reduce production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of purification enrichment DHA grease, relate generally to a kind of be sent out by algae using fermentation method three times
The method of purification enrichment DHA grease in zymotic fluid.
Background technology
DHA, docosahexaenoic acid are commonly called as docosapentaenoic acid, are a kind of to the very important polyunsaturated fatty acid of human body, belong to
Important member in Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids family.DHA is a kind of main member of nervous system cell growth and maintenance
Element is the important composition ingredient of brain and retina, and content is up to 20% in human brain cortex, the institute in eye retina
Accounting example is maximum, accounts for about 50%, therefore most important to tire infant intelligence and visual acuity.The main function of DHA includes:
1, fetal brain development is influenced.Pregnancy period DHA can optimize the constituent of the phosphatide of fetal brain pyramidal cell, especially
After fetus is 5 months full, such as artificially the sense of hearing of fetus, vision, tactile are stimulated, during fetal brain cortex can be caused to feel
The neuron of pivot increases more dendrons, this just needs parent while supplying the more DHA of fetus.
2, promote the maturation of retina light sensitive cells.DHA plays an important role to the maturation of retina light sensitive cells, Yun Fu
Pregnancy period can improve the content of alpha-linolenic acid by taking in the food rich in alpha-linolenic acid, be synthesized using the alpha-linolenic acid in female blood
DHA is then delivered to fetal brain and retina, and the nerve cell maturity of there is made to improve.And most DHA can not
It is digested by gastric juice, is directly entered blood, enter brain cell via blood-brain barrier, by absorbed organs such as liver or brains.In contrast,
The EPA and linolenic acid for belonging to unsaturated fatty acid can not but be absorbed by blood-brain barrier by brain.
3, inhibit inflammation.DHA can inhibit the formation of inflammation precursor, so having antiinflammation.
4, it reduces blood fat, prevent cardiovascular disease.DHA can reduce triglyceride in blood, cholesterol and pre- preventing thrombosis
Formation.
5, improve Alzheimer's shape.Since with advancing age, the DHA in brain will be gradually decreased, that is to say, that
Easily cause the degeneration of brain function.In fact, brain cell can constantly grow up before two to three years old, after growing to manhood, then can
It gradually decreases, according to investigation, at 20 to 30 years old, brain cell can be gradually decreased with 100,000 ratios, even so,
DHA still has the strength for making remaining brain cell activation, fully improves memory and learning ability.
There are two types of main sources for presently commercially available DHA products:One is the oil product extracted from deep-sea fish, another kind is
The oil product extracted from algae.
The fatty,fiss extracted from deep-sea fish, is processed through modern crafts, and product quality has obtained significant increase, for example adds
Work can reach 50%~75% or even 80% or more at the fish oil of ethyl ester type, wherein EPA/DHA total contents.But the product still has
Defect:(1)The content of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) is high in fish oil, causes the ratio shared by DHA relatively low, is differed with breast milk
It is larger, do not meet the psychological need of infant;(2)Fish oil due to its typical fishlike smell and oxidation stability it is poor problem limit
The market development of fish oil DHA is made;(3)It is low by reprocessing obtained EPA and DHA the first and second ester type product absorption efficiencies, and
There may be security risks.
In contrast, algae is more pure in food chain low side, and DHA is extracted from algae, is practically free of EPA.DHA:EPA
Ratio > 20:1, and exist with glycerine ester type and free-fat acid type, be easily absorbed by the body, be particularly suitable for pregnant woman, puerpera,
Infant.
Now inquiring the domestic patent document for being related to algae fermenting and producing DHA grease has a tens of pieces, can be mainly divided into three
Aspect content:(1)The selection and breeding of strain;(2)Medium optimization;(3)Fermentation process feed supplement and control strategy optimization.This three aspects text
The main purpose offered is provided to improve fermentation efficiency, reduces fermentation costs.For example, application No. is 200910061419.7,
201210251850.X, the patent documents such as 201210380900.4,201210338013.0,200910130628.2 disclose
The technique that DHA is produced using schizochytrium limacinum fermentation, culture medium use traditional carbon nitrogen source such as glucose, peptone and yeast powder.
In order to reduce production cost, application No. is 201010104774.0 patent document disclose schizochytrium limacinum utilize cheap beans
The technique that dregs of rice hydrolyzate produces DHA as nitrogen source fermentation.And application No. is 201310571413.0 patent documents then to introduce
Hydrolyzate is generated by handling waste straw, and DHA is produced in this, as carbon source, effectively reduces the production cost of DHA,
And schizochytrium limacinum utilizes cheap jerusalem artichoke hydrolysate or fructose syrup etc..In contrast, it is related to the purifying of algae DHA grease and richness
Patent document in terms of collection is then less.
Currently, the extraction purification of algae DHA grease mostly uses following technique:
1, it centrifuges:The centrifugal force provided using centrifuge is separated wet algal filament from algae zymotic fluid, zymotic fluid direct emission;
2, it digests:Wet algal filament is handled using protease and cellulase, realize the broken of cell and is decomposed, discharges and contains in cell
Cytoplasm and grease rich in DHA;
3, it is demulsified:Liquid of the enzymolysis gained containing grease is in stable emulsified state, to discharge lipid material therein, uses
Ethyl alcohol is demulsified, and demulsification need to carry out 4~5 times, and ethanol consumption can reach 45~50 times of enzymolysis liquid;
4, it extracts:It is demulsified in obtained alcohol -ester phase liquid and petroleum ether progress oil extraction is added, extraction need to carry out 6 ~ 7 times, petroleum ether
Dosage can reach 160~190 times of alcohol -ester phase liquid;
5, recycling design:The solvent in petroleum ether extraction liquid is recycled, DHA crude oils are obtained;
6, it refines:Crude oil obtains refining DHA grease through alkali refining, decoloration and deodorization.
Above-mentioned technique there are the problem of and defect include:
1, demulsification is difficult.Due to wet algal filament aqueous 90%, in addition enzymolysis is crushed the grease discharged after algae, System forming is complicated
Emulsified state, to ensure the effect subsequently extracted, it is necessary to destroy the stability of the emulsifying systems.
2, solvent-oil ratio is big.Demulsification need to consume a large amount of ethyl alcohol, and extraction need to consume a large amount of petroleum ether, current technology
Level, production 1tDHA oil about need 50t ethyl alcohol, 180t petroleum ethers.
3, crude oil complicated component.Phosphatide 70% in membrane structure has been transferred to crude oil, and the mg/g of acid value >=16 is (with KOH
Meter), peroxide value >=23meq/kg additionally contains the impurity such as rhodophyll.
4, DHA concentration is insufficient.Due to not having to use any DHA process of enriching, the DHA in product is still triglycerides
Type, DHA can only account for 40~45% in total fatty acids.
Invention content
In order to overcome the problems, such as that above-mentioned technique exists and defect, the present invention, which provides, a kind of is fermented using fermentation method three times by algae
The method of purification enrichment DHA grease in liquid.
Technical solution used in the present invention is achieved by the steps of:
A, colloid mill is broken:Using milling treatment of colloid DHA hidden dinoflagellates after fermentation or schizochytrium zymotic fluid, realize to algae
Broken and intracellular grease the release of body cell;
B, saccharomycetes to make fermentation is used for the first time:Molasses are added in the liquid that milling treatment of colloid is crossed, the pol value in liquid is made to reach
To 18~22 ° of Bx, addition accounts for the active dry yeast of zymotic fluid quality 0.05~0.2 ‰, starts blender, be passed through filtrated air into
Row culture, control temperature 18~20h is cultivated at 28~30 DEG C, until pol be reduced to 8~12 ° of Bx hereinafter, alcoholic strength reach 8 ° with
Subject to upper;
C, it is fermented using acetic acid bacteria for second:It is added in zymotic fluid after the completion of saccharomycetes to make fermentation and accounts for zymotic fluid quality 0.01%
Composite B vitamin, addition account for the acetic acid bacteria of zymotic fluid quality 0.1~0.4 ‰, start blender, are passed through filtrated air progress
Culture, control temperature cultivates 22 at 30 ~ 32 DEG C~for 24 hours, until pH is reduced to 4.5~5.5;
D, the spiral shell that crouches centrifuges:Acetic acid bacteria centrifuges removal mycelium after fermentation, using sleeping spiral shell, obtains bacterium solution;
E, bacillus bulgaricus is used to ferment for the third time:In the obtained bacterium solution of centrifugation, using calcium carbonate adjust pH value to 5.5~
6.5, addition accounts for the bacillus bulgaricus of bacterium solution quality 0.2~0.8 ‰, starts blender and is cultivated, control temperature 48~
50 DEG C are cultivated 3~6 days, are completed on the positions DHA triglycerides Sn-1 using the ethyl alcohol retained in esterlysis enzyme therein and zymotic fluid
The esterlysis of non-DHA aliphatic acid makes the pol in liquid control 3 wherein adding a certain amount of molasses when the 1st~2 day
~6 ° of Bx;
F, disk centrifuges:Bacillus bulgaricus after fermentation, is centrifuged using disc centrifuge, isolated crude oil and muddiness
Liquid;
G, molecular distillation:Crude oil is after deaerating and removing ethyl alcohol, then through carrying out alcohol under conditions of 150 DEG C, 1.0 Pa of vacuum degree
The short-path distillation separation for solving product, collects remaining crude oil;
H, it purifies:To be refining DHA oil after remaining crude oil alkali refining, decoloration and deodorization, wherein the ratio of DHA can reach 50~
60%。
Technical solution provided by the invention handles algae zymotic fluid using fermentation method three times, greatly reduces demulsification
Difficulty, while using natural DHA opposite the characteristics of being enriched in glyceride Sn-2, passing through biological esterlysis reaction and removing triglycerides
Non- DHA aliphatic acid on the middle positions Sn-1 realizes the enrichment to DHA, is demulsified and is purified without adding organic solvent, and can obtained
Reach 50 ~ 60% product to DHA content, production cost can be substantially reduced, improves the content of DHA in product.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail:
Case study on implementation 1:
Using the hidden dinoflagellate zymotic fluids of milling treatment of colloid DHA after fermentation, the broken and intracellular grease to frond cell is realized
Release;Molasses are added in the liquid that milling treatment of colloid is crossed, the pol value in liquid is made to reach 18 ° of Bx;Addition accounts for zymotic fluid
The active dry yeast of quality 0.2 ‰, starts blender, is passed through filtrated air and is cultivated;Control temperature is cultivated at 28~30 DEG C
20h, until pol is reduced to 10 ° of Bx hereinafter, alcoholic strength reaches subject to 8 ° or more;It is added in zymotic fluid after the completion of saccharomycetes to make fermentation
The composite B vitamin of zymotic fluid quality 0.01% is accounted for, addition accounts for the acetic acid bacteria of zymotic fluid quality 0.2 ‰, starts blender, leads to
Enter filtrated air to be cultivated, control temperature cultivates 22h at 30~32 DEG C, until pH is reduced to 5.5;Acetic acid bacteria fermentation is completed
Afterwards, removal mycelium is centrifuged using sleeping spiral shell, obtains bacterium solution;In the obtained bacterium solution of centrifugation, using calcium carbonate adjust pH value to
5.5, addition accounts for the bacillus bulgaricus of bacterium solution quality 0.4 ‰, starts blender and is cultivated, and control temperature is trained at 48~50 DEG C
It supports 6 days, is completed to non-DHA fat on the positions DHA triglycerides Sn-1 using the ethyl alcohol retained in esterlysis enzyme therein and zymotic fluid
The esterlysis of acid, wherein on day 2 when add a certain amount of molasses, so that pol in liquid is controlled in 4 ° of Bx;Bulgaria
It after the completion of bacillus fermentation, is centrifuged using disc centrifuge, isolated crude oil and turbid solution;Crude oil is by deaerating and removing second
After alcohol, then the short-path distillation through carrying out alcoholysis product under conditions of 150 DEG C, 1.0 Pa of vacuum degree detaches, and collects remaining crude oil,
As refining DHA oil, the wherein ratio of DHA can reach 58.3% after carrying out alkali refining, decoloration and deodorization.
Case study on implementation 2:
Using the schizochytrium zymotic fluids of milling treatment of colloid DHA after fermentation, the broken and intracellular oil to frond cell is realized
The release of fat;Molasses are added in the liquid that milling treatment of colloid is crossed, the pol value in liquid is made to reach 22 ° of Bx;Addition accounts for fermentation
The active dry yeast of liquid quality 0.1 ‰, starts blender, is passed through filtrated air and is cultivated;Control temperature is trained at 28~30 DEG C
18h is supported, until pol is reduced to 12 ° of Bx hereinafter, alcoholic strength reaches subject to 8 ° or more;It is mended in zymotic fluid after the completion of saccharomycetes to make fermentation
The composite B vitamin for accounting for zymotic fluid quality 0.01%, addition is added to account for the acetic acid bacteria of zymotic fluid quality 0.3 ‰, start blender,
It is passed through filtrated air to be cultivated, control temperature cultivates 22h at 30~32 DEG C, until pH is reduced to 5.0;Acetic acid bacteria has fermented
Cheng Hou centrifuges removal mycelium using sleeping spiral shell, obtains bacterium solution;In the obtained bacterium solution of centrifugation, using calcium carbonate adjust pH value to
6.0, the bacillus bulgaricus of addition bacterium solution quality 0.8 ‰ starts blender and is cultivated, and control temperature is cultivated at 48~50 DEG C
It 3 days, is completed to non-DHA aliphatic acid on the positions DHA triglycerides Sn-1 using the ethyl alcohol retained in esterlysis enzyme therein and zymotic fluid
Esterlysis, wherein on day 1 when add a certain amount of molasses, so that pol in liquid is controlled in 5 ° of Bx;Bulgarian bar
Bacterium after fermentation, is centrifuged using disc centrifuge, isolated crude oil and turbid solution;Crude oil is by deaerating and removing ethyl alcohol
Afterwards, then the short-path distillation through carrying out alcoholysis product under conditions of 150 DEG C, 1.0 Pa of vacuum degree detaches, and collects remaining crude oil, into
It is refining DHA oil after row alkali refining, decoloration and deodorization, the wherein ratio of DHA can reach 51.6%.
Claims (4)
1. it is a kind of using fermentation method three times by the method for purification enrichment DHA grease in algae zymotic fluid, it is characterised in that by as follows
Step is realized:
A, colloid mill is broken:Using milling treatment of colloid DHA hidden dinoflagellates after fermentation or schizochytrium zymotic fluid, realize to algae
Broken and intracellular grease the release of body cell;
B, saccharomycetes to make fermentation is used for the first time:Molasses are added in the liquid that milling treatment of colloid is crossed, the pol value in liquid is made to reach
To 18~22 ° of Bx, a certain amount of active dry yeast is added, blender is started, be passed through filtrated air and cultivated, control temperature exists
28~30 DEG C of 18~20h of culture, until pol is reduced to 8~12 ° of Bx hereinafter, alcoholic strength reaches subject to 8 ° or more;
C, it is fermented using acetic acid bacteria for second:It is added in zymotic fluid after the completion of saccharomycetes to make fermentation and accounts for zymotic fluid quality 0.01%
Composite B vitamin adds a certain amount of acetic acid bacteria, starts blender, is passed through filtrated air and is cultivated, and control temperature is 30
~32 DEG C of cultures 22~for 24 hours, until pH is reduced to 4.5~5.5;
D, the spiral shell that crouches centrifuges:Acetic acid bacteria centrifuges removal mycelium after fermentation, using sleeping spiral shell, obtains bacterium solution;
E, bacillus bulgaricus is used to ferment for the third time:In the obtained bacterium solution of centrifugation, using calcium carbonate adjust pH value to 5.5~
6.5, a certain amount of bacillus bulgaricus to be added, blender is started and is cultivated, control temperature is cultivated 3~6 days at 48~50 DEG C,
The ester to non-DHA aliphatic acid on the positions DHA triglycerides Sn-1 is completed using the ethyl alcohol retained in esterlysis enzyme therein and zymotic fluid
Solution makes the pol in liquid control in 3~6 ° of Bx wherein adding a certain amount of molasses when the 1st~2 day;
F, disk centrifuges:Bacillus bulgaricus after fermentation, is centrifuged using disc centrifuge, isolated crude oil and muddiness
Liquid;
G, molecular distillation:Crude oil is after deaerating and removing ethyl alcohol, then through carrying out alcohol under conditions of 150 DEG C, 1.0 Pa of vacuum degree
The short-path distillation separation for solving product, collects remaining crude oil;
H, it purifies:To be refining DHA oil after remaining crude oil alkali refining, decoloration and deodorization, wherein the ratio of DHA can reach 50~
60%。
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of using fermentation method three times by the method for purification enrichment DHA grease in algae zymotic fluid,
It is characterized in that:In the step b, when carrying out using saccharomycetes to make fermentation for the first time, the active dry yeast of addition accounts for zymotic fluid matter
Amount 0.05~0.2 ‰.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of using fermentation method three times by the method for purification enrichment DHA grease in algae zymotic fluid,
It is characterized in that:In the step c, when carrying out second using acetic acid bacteria fermentation, the acetic acid bacteria of addition accounts for zymotic fluid quality
0.1~0.4 ‰.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of using fermentation method three times by the method for purification enrichment DHA grease in algae zymotic fluid,
It is characterized in that:In the step e, when carrying out third time using bacillus bulgaricus fermentation, the bacillus bulgaricus of addition accounts for
Bacterium solution quality 0.2~0.8 ‰.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109601980A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-04-12 | 嘉必优生物技术(武汉)股份有限公司 | A kind of PUFA soft capsule and preparation method thereof containing sialic acid |
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Application publication date: 20180925 |