CN108569768A - A kind of method that maize straw prepares artificial swamp matrix - Google Patents
A kind of method that maize straw prepares artificial swamp matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN108569768A CN108569768A CN201710659936.9A CN201710659936A CN108569768A CN 108569768 A CN108569768 A CN 108569768A CN 201710659936 A CN201710659936 A CN 201710659936A CN 108569768 A CN108569768 A CN 108569768A
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- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- artificial swamp
- activated carbon
- stalk
- skin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that maize straw prepares artificial swamp matrix, stalk is prepared six steps by this method by drying, crushing, carbonization, low-temperature activation, substrate allocation and substrate block successively.It will be dried after the maize straw defoliation of harvesting completion first, drying to water content, which is less than after 15%, carries out skin stalk splitter, skin and the stalks of rice, wheat, etc. are carbonized at different temperatures after being respectively crushed into different size, it is impregnated in water after charing and carries out low-temperature activation again, the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon after activating is added the coarse sand that grain size is 0.5~1mm and is prepared into substrate block.Substrate block is used for artificial swamp, straw skin matrix activated carbon is positioned over the top of artificial swamp.The artificial swamp matrix of preparation has the effect of that recyclability, purifying domestic sewage are good, and the cultivation residue for completing service life can be used for preparing organic fertilizer, and resource utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in Environmental Science and Engineering environmental ecology technical field more particularly to a kind of maize straw prepare
The method of artificial swamp matrix.
Background technology
With China's expanding economy, the raising of the level of urbanization, China's city domestic sewage yield is big, in increasing year by year
Add.It is of high cost using commercial run purifying domestic sewage, and purified Treatment of Sludge is difficult, not only pollutes environment, is processed into
This height.Artificial swamp realizes the high-efficient purification to sanitary sewage, simultaneously by matrix absorption, plant absorption and microorganism decomposition
Generate certain landscape effect.Sewage treatment in constructed wetland is at low cost, while generating biomass energy, effectively utilizes sewage
In nitrogen phosphorus.
Sanitary sewage is mainly purified by the industrial equipment of construction at present, and operating cost is high, at the sludge dewatering of generation
Reason is difficult, it is difficult to effectively utilize the organic sewage in sewage, resource utilization rate is low.And artificial wetland treatment life is dirty
Water is at low cost, and organic matter can be fully absorbed by plant, obtains biomass energy.Artificial swamp actual motion for a period of time
Afterwards, artificial swamp matrix is blocked by the pollutant in sewage, causes the infiltration coefficient of Wetland Substrate to decline, the pollutant of sewage is gone
Except effect substantially reduces, or even can not run.Therefore, exploitation osmotic efficiency is high, is not easy to plug and can efficiently use in sewage
Organic matter as resource, reduce operating cost, while artificial Wetland Substrate can not be continued to run with because of blocking after longtime running
When, can effective recycling, be the key that current manual's wetland researches.Artificial swamp base Quality Research is artificial to improving
The progress of wetland technology, the processing sanitary sewage for realizing low cost and the effective living environment etc. for improving people will all have
Significance.It is mainly authorized about artificial swamp base Quality Research at present or disclosed patent includes：A kind of straw-sludge is multiple
Close the preparation method (number of applying for a patent of matrix activated carbon：201310486648.X), active carbon fiber felt, the continuous preparation process of cloth
(the number of applying for a patent：201310669204.X), wash resistant, high-strength viscose-based active carbon fiber fabric charing method (application
The patent No.：201510305767.X), the long-life, high-strength viscose-based active carbon fiber fabric charing method (apply for a patent
Number：201510306383.X), a kind of surface richness nitrogen activated carbon and the preparation method and application thereof (number of applying for a patent：
201610328079.X), the preparation method and its micro wave regeneration method of a kind of microwave adaptive composite activated carbon (are applied for a patent
Number：200910214233.0), a kind of method producing porous nano silica and activated carbon using rice hull ash (is applied for a patent
Number：201010231668.9) a kind of, method (number of applying for a patent with rice husk coproduction xylose, white carbon and activated carbon：
201010589328.3), low temperature beam system for high specific surface area wood-pellets activated carbon the method (number of applying for a patent：
201110033145.8), the preparation process (number of applying for a patent of low wind-resistant activated carbon fiber：201110047887.6), Yi Zhongzao
The paper mud granule active carbon filler and preparation method thereof (number of applying for a patent：201110103056.6), using moso bamboo leftover bits and pieces as raw material
Prepare fuel oil recycling special-purpose activated charcoal and the method (number of applying for a patent：201110320478.9), it is a kind of using sawdust be raw material preparation
Method (the number of applying for a patent of granular activated carbon：201210097738.5) and Cold pretreatment phosphoric acid method prepare the side of activated carbon
Method (the number of applying for a patent：201210245657.5) etc..The above patent be all about artificial swamp Matrix formulation procedure,
Artificial swamp matrix prepared by these methods all has the advantages that certain, horizontal to promotion artificial swamp matrix preparation raising all
There is certain facilitation.But complicated, of high cost, easy blocking, generation secondary pollution, resource utilization rate are low because there are methods
Or it without carrying out one or more defects such as recycling, promotes and applies difficult.Therefore, it is simple to develop a kind of method, manufactures
At low cost, material is reproducible, is capable of the artificial swamp manufacturing method of recycling after treated sewage, to promoting Manual moist
The raising of ground construction level and the progress of sanitary sewage disposal technology all have important practical significance.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that stalk prepares artificial swamp matrix, realize prepared by artificial swamp matrix
The recyclability of material reduces the manufacturing cost of the matrix of artificial swamp, improves clean-up effect of the artificial swamp to sewage, simultaneously
Realize that the complete resource of artificial swamp matrix utilizes；This method is simple for process, has higher application value.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method that maize straw prepares artificial swamp matrix, it is characterised in that：This method stalk successively by drying,
Crushing, carbonization, low-temperature activation, substrate allocation and substrate block prepare six steps.First, the maize straw for first completing harvesting
It is dried after defoliation, drying to water content carries out skin stalk splitter after being less than 15%；Second, the maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. powder after peeling
1~5mm of grain size, 5~8mm, 8~12mm, tri- particle size ranges are broken to, it is 5~10mm that the straw skin removed, which crushes length, wide small
In 5mm；The maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. particle of crushing is carbonized 80~100min by third under 225~255 DEG C of temperature conditions, crushing
Straw skin particle carbonizes 45~55min under 400~450 DEG C of temperature conditions；4th, by the maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. base activity after carbonization
Charcoal and straw skin matrix activated carbon impregnate 18~26 hours, then by the matrix of saturation under -25~-35 DEG C of temperature conditions frost heave 2~3
Its low-temperature activation；5th, the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter is mixed after activation, while being added in the mixture total
35~45% and grain size of quality are the coarse sand of 0.5~1mm, are thoroughly mixed；6th, by mixed matrix in height
Pressure compression, is prepared into artificial swamp substrate block.
The skin thickness that goes is 0.8~1.2mm, and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. is layed in after the straw skin matrix activated carbon low-temperature activation of preparation
The top surface of the artificial swamp matrix for the artificial swamp substrate block composition that matrix activated carbon is prepared with coarse sand mixture, laying depth 10
~20mm.
Grain size after the peeling is the maize straw based activated carbon particles mixing ratio of 1~5mm, 5~8mm, 8~12mm
It is 10~15%：25~35%：50~65%.
When the infiltration coefficient of the artificial swamp matrix of the preparation is less than 1.0m/d, substrate block is taken out, in ventilation condition
Lower progress aerobic fermentation system fertilizer, at 30 DEG C or more, daily ventilation quantity is 1.5~2.0m for fermentation temperature control3/ ton.
Artificial swamp matrix after the anaerobic fermentation carries out granulation after being sieved, to oversize and air-dries, and will sieve
Lower object main component coarse sand is mixed with artificial swamp substrate block with the stalk matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter again.
The mixed base mass length of side is 400~700mm, and compressive strength is 0.35~0.60MPa, and intensity is held time
For 10~15min.
Advantageous effect：The present invention can effectively improve clean-up effect of the artificial swamp matrix to sewage, reduce Manual moist
The manufacturing cost of ground matrix；The present invention can realize that the complete resource of artificial swamp matrix utilizes, while solve artificial swamp
The problem of blocking；The method of the present invention is simple, at low cost, and service life is long, and operability is strong.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the artificial swamp matrix flow chart of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention prepares artificial swamp matrix using maize straw, realizes that the complete resource of artificial swamp matrix utilizes,
For the utilization ratio of raising matrix, utilized being sieved after fermentation for the coarse sand of the artificial swamp density of matrix of allotment again,
Using straw skin and the stalks of rice, wheat, etc., separately activation prepares activated carbon to the present invention, improves activation efficiency, has saved the energy, while improving activated carbon
Adsorptivity, and then improve artificial swamp matrix clean-up effect and and purification efficiency, the method for the present invention manufacturing cost is low, promote
Application value is higher.
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention is further described, and specific implementation step is as follows：
Example 1：It is prepared by Urban Parks's artificial swamp matrix
As shown in Figure 1, this method stalk is successively by drying, crushing, carbonization, low-temperature activation, substrate allocation and substrate block
Prepare six steps.First, it will be dried after the maize straw defoliation of harvesting completion first, drying to water content is less than 15%
After carry out skin stalk splitter；Second, the maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. after peeling is crushed to 1~5mm of grain size, 5~8mm, 8~12mm, tri- grains
Diameter range, it is 5~10mm that the straw skin removed, which crushes length, wide to be less than 5mm；Third exists the maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. particle of crushing
Be carbonized 100min under 225 DEG C of temperature conditions, and the straw skin particle of crushing carbonizes 55min under 400 DEG C of temperature conditions；4th, it will
Maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon and straw skin matrix activated carbon after carbonization impregnate 18 hours, then by the matrix of saturation in -25 DEG C of items
Frost heave carries out low-temperature activation after 3 days under part；5th, the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter is mixed after activation, simultaneously
Gross mass 35% is added in the mixture and grain size is the coarse sand of 0.5~1mm, is carried out at the same time and is thoroughly mixed；6th, it will mix
Matrix after conjunction is compressed under high pressure, is prepared into artificial swamp substrate block.
It is 0.8~1.2mm to remove skin thickness, and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. base activity is layed in after the straw skin matrix activated carbon low-temperature activation of preparation
The top surface of the artificial swamp matrix for the artificial swamp substrate block composition that charcoal is prepared with coarse sand mixture, laying depth 10mm.
Grain size after peeling is 1~5mm, the maize straw based activated carbon particles mixing ratio of 5~8mm, 8~12mm are
10%：25%：65%.
When the infiltration coefficient of the artificial swamp matrix of preparation is less than 1.0m/d, substrate block is taken out, is carried out under ventilation condition
Aerobic fermentation system fertilizer, at 30 DEG C or more, daily ventilation quantity is 1.5m for fermentation temperature control3/ ton.
Artificial swamp matrix after anaerobic fermentation carries out granulation after sieving, to oversize and air-dries, and screenings coarse sand is again
It is mixed with artificial swamp substrate block with the stalk matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter, realizes the recycling of coarse sand.
The mixed base mass length of side is 700mm, compressive strength 0.35MPa, and intensity holds time as 10min.
The artificial swamp matrix prepared using foregoing invention method, meets surface water body three classes water standard, significant effect.
Example 2：It is prepared by sewage treating artificial wet land matrix
As shown in Figure 1, six steps of this method：First, it will dry in the air after the maize straw defoliation of harvesting completion first
It shines, drying to water content carries out skin stalk splitter after being less than 15%；Second, the maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. after peeling be crushed to grain size 1~
5mm, 5~8mm, 8~12mm, tri- particle size ranges, it is 5~10mm that the straw skin removed, which crushes length, wide to be less than 5mm；Third,
The maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. particle of crushing is carbonized 80min under the conditions of 255 DEG C, the straw skin particle of crushing charcoal under the conditions of 450 DEG C
Change 45min；4th, by after carbonization maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon and straw skin matrix activated carbon impregnate 26 hours, then will saturation
Matrix under the conditions of -35 DEG C frost heave 3 days carry out low-temperature activation；5th, the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter after activation
It is mixed, while addition gross mass 45% and the coarse sand that grain size is 0.5~1mm in the mixture, is carried out at the same time and is sufficiently stirred
Mixing；6th, mixed matrix is compressed under high pressure, is prepared into artificial swamp substrate block.
It is 0.8~1.2mm to remove skin thickness, and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon is positioned over after the stalk leather activated char low-temperature activation of preparation
The top surface of the artificial swamp matrix of the artificial swamp substrate block composition prepared with coarse sand mixture, laying depth 20mm.
Grain size after peeling is 1~5mm, the maize straw based activated carbon particles mixing ratio of 5~8mm, 8~12mm are
15%：35%：50%.
When the infiltration coefficient of the artificial swamp matrix of preparation is less than 1.0m/d, substrate block is taken out, is carried out under ventilation condition
Aerobic fermentation system fertilizer, at 30 DEG C or more, daily ventilation quantity is 2.0m for fermentation temperature control3/ ton.
Artificial swamp matrix after anaerobic fermentation be granulated air-dried, screenings coarse sand after being sieved, to oversize
It is mixed with artificial swamp substrate block with the stalk matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter.
The mixed base mass length of side is 400mm, compressive strength 0.60MPa, and intensity holds time as 15min.
Using foregoing invention method, the sewage of the artificial swamp matrix purification sewage plant of preparation, significant effect is purified
Water quality reaches《Urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard》(GB18918-2002) level-one A standards, significant effect.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Essence of the invention is not being departed from
Spirit and principle within made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that maize straw prepares artificial swamp matrix, it is characterised in that：This method stalk is successively by drying, powder
Broken, carbonization, low-temperature activation, substrate allocation and substrate block prepare six steps.First, the maize straw that harvesting is completed is gone first
It is dried after leaf, drying to water content carries out skin stalk splitter after being less than 15%；Second, the maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. after peeling crushes
To 1~5mm of grain size, 5~8mm, 8~12mm, tri- particle size ranges, the straw skin crushing length removed is 5~10mm, wide to be less than
5mm；The maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. particle of crushing is carbonized 80~100min by third under 225~255 DEG C of temperature conditions, the straw of crushing
Stalk skin particle carbonizes 45~55min under 400~450 DEG C of temperature conditions；4th, by the maize straw stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon after carbonization
With straw skin matrix activated carbon impregnate 18~26 hours, then by the matrix of saturation under -25~-35 DEG C of temperature conditions frost heave 2~3 days
Low-temperature activation；5th, the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter is mixed after activation, while total matter being added in the mixture
35~45% and grain size of amount are the coarse sand of 0.5~1mm, are thoroughly mixed；6th, by mixed matrix in high pressure
Lower compression, is prepared into artificial swamp substrate block.
2. as described in claim 1 go skin thickness for 0.8~1.2mm, spread after the straw skin matrix activated carbon low-temperature activation of preparation
The top surface of the artificial swamp matrix of the artificial swamp substrate block composition prepared set on stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. matrix activated carbon and coarse sand mixture, paving
If thickness is 10~20mm.
3. the grain size after peeling as described in claim 1 is the maize straw matrix activated carbon of 1~5mm, 5~8mm, 8~12mm
Particle mixing ratio is 10~15%：25~35%：50~65%.
4. the infiltration coefficient of the artificial swamp matrix prepared as described in claim 1 is less than 1.0m/d, substrate block is taken out,
Aerobic fermentation system fertilizer is carried out under ventilation condition, at 30 DEG C or more, daily ventilation quantity is 1.5~2.0m for fermentation temperature control3/ ton.
5. the artificial swamp matrix after anaerobic fermentation as claimed in claim 4 is granulated oversize after being sieved
It air-dries, screenings main component coarse sand is mixed with artificial swamp substrate block with the stalk matrix activated carbon of different-grain diameter again.
6. the mixed base mass length of side as described in claim 1 is 400~700mm, compressive strength is 0.35~0.60MPa, by force
Degree is held time as 10~15min.
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| CN201710659936.9A CN108569768B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | Method for preparing constructed wetland substrate from corn straws |
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| CN201710659936.9A CN108569768B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | Method for preparing constructed wetland substrate from corn straws |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109626585A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of technology of lakeside zone intensified denitrification and dephosphorization |
| CN111685224A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-22 | 山东康裕生物科技有限公司 | Antibiotic-free feed additive containing antibacterial peptide and preparation method thereof |
| CN111718001A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-29 | 北京森淼天成环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of dephosphorization filler and application of dephosphorization filler in constructed wetland |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109626585A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of technology of lakeside zone intensified denitrification and dephosphorization |
| CN111685224A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-22 | 山东康裕生物科技有限公司 | Antibiotic-free feed additive containing antibacterial peptide and preparation method thereof |
| CN111685224B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2022-06-21 | 山东康裕生物科技有限公司 | Antibiotic-free feed additive containing antibacterial peptide and preparation method thereof |
| CN111718001A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-29 | 北京森淼天成环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of dephosphorization filler and application of dephosphorization filler in constructed wetland |
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| CN108569768B (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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