CN108569696B - Continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws, which consists of a heating system and a circulating furnace body, wherein the heating system consists of a fuel pool (1) and fuel (2), and the circulating furnace body consists of 4 furnace body wheels (3) which are connected through a connecting rod (5), a main shaft (4) and a wheel shaft (6); in the operation process, the fuel (2) is burnt to directly heat the furnace body wheel (3), and the furnace body wheel (3) is rotated while heating; after one furnace body wheel (3) is heated, the main shaft (4) is rotated to heat the next furnace body wheel (3), when the third furnace body wheel (3) is heated, the outer cover of the first furnace body wheel (3) is opened, the carbonized straw-based activated carbon is taken out, new straw is filled, and the process is circulated. The method overcomes the defects of slow heat transfer, low heat utilization rate, low production efficiency, complex process, high operation cost and the like of the prior art, and realizes the continuous and efficient preparation of the activated carbon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of environment-friendly material preparation equipment and energy recovery in environment-friendly engineering, in particular to development of a continuous carbonization furnace device for preparing activated carbon from straws.
Background
Chinese plant stalks are abundant in resources, and a large amount of corn stalks, rice straw stalks and wheat stalks are produced every year. At present, the straws are mainly used for power generation, direct returning, methane preparation through fermentation, rural farmer fuel and the like, and the utilization value is very low. Especially in summer and autumn every year, the straws cannot be timely treated after the crops are harvested, and are randomly stacked or burned in the field, so that the environmental pollution is serious. Although governments in various regions increase the degree of management, the problems have not been solved fundamentally. In order to improve the utilization value of the straws and fundamentally prevent the pollution of the combustion of the straws to the environment, the development of the technology for preparing the active carbon by high-temperature carbonization of the straws is an effective way.
The conventional heating furnace cannot realize continuous feeding and continuous carbon production, and has low production efficiency, high energy consumption and high cost for preparing the activated carbon. Therefore, the development of the technology for preparing the straw-based activated carbon by the continuous high-temperature furnace has important significance. The main patents granted or published for the high temperature furnaces for preparing activated carbon at present include: an automatic segmentation control device of a high-temperature furnace body for preparing activated carbon fiber materials (application patent No. 201120534751.3), a crop straw continuous carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201210329884.6), a self-heating straw carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201110375321.6), a straw carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201110262857.7), a regenerated activated carbon heating furnace (application patent No. 201620156105.0), a straw carbonization furnace and a charcoal making method thereof (application patent No. 200810017034.6), a combined biomass particle carbonization furnace and a charcoal making method thereof (application patent No. 201110073104.1), a self-sealing biomass carbonization furnace feeding device (application patent No. 201510912707.4), a rotary continuous pyrolysis straw carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201510504032.X), a movable straw nearby carbonization and nearby carbonization furnace and a charcoal making method thereof (application patent No. 201532045 201310339328.1), a straw carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201310457. X), A multifunctional straw carbonization furnace (application patent No. 200710116239.5), a split type carbonization furnace group (application patent No. 201610078639.0), a self-combustion pollution-free straw carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201610809823.8) with a timing device, a straw continuous low-temperature pyrolysis carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201220676856.7), a crop straw continuous carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201220453391.9), a continuous high-temperature carbonization furnace (application patent No. 201220132751.5), a straw continuous carbonization furnace with a drying bin (application patent No. 201020530770.4), an efficient energy-saving horizontal rotary activation furnace (application patent No. 201110462387.9), an efficient energy-saving horizontal rotary activation furnace (application patent No. 201110462387.9), an activated carbon activation furnace and an activated carbon production method (application patent No. 201610897961.6), a multi-layer chain plate type activation furnace for preparing activated carbon by a chemical method (application patent No. 201610880799.7), a rapid activation furnace (application patent No. 201410248595.2), Low energy consumption, high efficiency, continuous activated carbon fiber production furnace (application patent No. 200920047532.5), activated carbon activation furnace energy-saving device (application patent No. 200810079602.5) and the like, and the high temperature furnace devices in the patents have high energy consumption, long time for preparing activated carbon and low efficiency. In addition, the activated carbon prepared by the patent equipment has one or more of the defects of complex process, difficult operation and maintenance, low operation efficiency, long carbon production period, high operation cost and the like. Therefore, the development of the novel multifunctional high-temperature furnace device which has the advantages of simple process, short carbonization time, low energy consumption, high waste heat utilization rate, continuous feeding, continuous carbonization and convenient use and maintenance has important practical significance for promoting the progress of the technology for preparing the activated carbon by the straws.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous carbonization furnace device for preparing activated carbon from straws, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of the straws and reduce the pollution of the straws to the environment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon by straws is characterized in that: the device consists of a heating system and a circulating furnace body, wherein the heating system consists of a fuel pool and a fuel, and the circulating furnace body consists of 4 furnace body wheels connected through a connecting rod, a main shaft and a wheel shaft; in the operation process, fuel is burnt to directly heat the furnace body wheel, and the furnace body wheel is rotated while heating; and after the first furnace body wheel is heated, rotating the main shaft to heat the next furnace body wheel, opening the outer cover of the first furnace body wheel when the third furnace body wheel is heated, taking out the carbonized straw-based activated carbon, filling new straws, and circulating the steps to continuously prepare the straw-based activated carbon.
The furnace body wheel is composed of a heating shell, straws and a positioning plate, the heating shell is made of steel, the thickness of the heating shell is 10-20 mm, and the outer diameter of the furnace body wheel is 0.8-1.6 m; the thickness of the straw is 100-300 mm, the straw is corn straw, wheat straw or rice straw, when the corn straw is adopted, the skin and the stalk of the straw are separated, the separated skin of the straw can be directly added into a furnace body wheel, the separated stalk of the straw needs to be added after being rolled by gravity, the laying thickness is 300-500 mm during rolling, the rolling strength is 150-300 kPa, and when the wheat straw or the rice straw is adopted, the straw is directly added; the positioning plate is made of steel meshes, the diameter or side length of each mesh is 5-8 mm, and the pressure of the positioning plate on the straw is 5.5-10.6 kPa.
The rotation of the furnace body wheels is 2.2-3.6 circles per minute, the auxiliary shaft rod drives the wheel shaft to rotate, the heating time of each furnace body wheel is 16-22 min, after the heating of each furnace body wheel is completed, the main shaft revolves for 45 degrees, and the main shaft is driven to rotate through the main shaft rod.
The whole furnace body is sealed by a furnace body shell, and a horizontal discharge hole is formed in the position of a furnace body wheel at the top and used for discharging finished activated carbon and feeding new straws.
The heating temperature is 300-350 ℃ when rice straws and wheat straws are loaded into the furnace body wheel, and the heating temperature is 380-420 ℃ when corn straws are loaded into the furnace body wheel.
The top of the furnace body shell is provided with a gas outlet which is a one-way gas discharge port, and oxygen is supplied through a feed inlet.
One end of the furnace body wheel is provided with an exhaust port, and the generated tar gas is conveyed to the feed port through a pipeline to enter the combustion.
Has the advantages that: the device has high heat conduction speed, can effectively utilize the energy of the straw, realizes continuous carbonization and reduces the preparation cost of the activated carbon; the device can realize continuous preparation of the activated carbon, and has large treatment capacity, simple device, convenient use and low energy consumption; the straw-based activated carbon prepared by the device has high carbon production rate and strong adsorbability; the device is simple, low in manufacturing cost, convenient to maintain, long in service life, strong in operability and high in popularization and application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a heating furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a heating furnace of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a fuel pool, 2, fuel, 3, a furnace body wheel, 4, a main shaft, 5, a connecting rod, 6, a wheel shaft, 7, a heating shell, 8, straw, 9, a positioning plate, 10, a furnace body shell, 11, an auxiliary shaft rod, 12, a feeding hole, 13, an air outlet, 14 and a main shaft rod.
Detailed Description
The invention takes renewable material straw as a research object, and develops a novel device for preparing activated carbon by straw; the device provided by the invention has the advantages that the heat is directly transferred, the carbonization is continuously carried out, the heat energy of the straw is fully utilized, the preparation efficiency of the activated carbon is improved, the maximum resource utilization of the straw can be realized, the utilization rate of energy is improved, and the current straw treatment problem is solved.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are carried out in the following manner:
example 1: preparation of straw stalk based active carbon
The structure of the prepared high-temperature furnace is shown in figures 1 and 2, the device consists of a heating system and a circulating furnace body, the heating system consists of a fuel pool 1 and a fuel 2, and the circulating furnace body consists of 4 furnace body wheels 3 which are connected through a connecting rod 5, a main shaft 4 and a wheel shaft 6; in the operation process, the fuel 2 is burnt to directly heat the furnace body wheel 3, and the furnace body wheel 3 is rotated while heating; after the first furnace body wheel 3 is heated, the main shaft 4 is rotated to heat the next furnace body wheel 3, when the third furnace body wheel 3 is heated, the outer cover of the first furnace body wheel 3 is opened, the carbonized straw-stalk-based activated carbon is taken out, new straw stalks are filled, and the steps are repeated in this way to continuously prepare the straw-stalk-based activated carbon.
The furnace body wheel 3 is composed of a heating shell 7, straws 8 and a positioning plate 9, the heating shell is made of steel, the thickness of the heating shell is 20mm, and the outer diameter of the furnace body wheel 3 is 1.6 m; the thickness of the straw stalk is 300mm, and the straw stalk is directly added; the positioning plate 9 adopts a steel mesh, the diameter or side length of the mesh is 5mm, and the pressure of the positioning plate 9 on the straws is 5.5 kPa.
The furnace body wheels 3 rotate for 3.6 circles per minute, the wheel shafts 6 are driven to rotate through the auxiliary shaft rods 11, the heating time of each furnace body wheel 3 is 16min, after each furnace body wheel 3 is heated, the main shaft 4 revolves for 45 degrees, and the main shaft 4 is driven to rotate through the main shaft rods 14.
The whole furnace body is sealed by a furnace body shell 10, a horizontal discharge hole is formed in the position of a furnace body wheel 3 positioned at the top of the furnace body for discharging finished activated carbon and feeding straws, and straws are filled in the furnace body wheel 3 at the heating temperature of 300-350 ℃.
The top of the furnace body shell 10 is provided with an air outlet 13, the air outlet 13 is a one-way gas discharge port, and oxygen is supplied through a feed port 12.
One end of the furnace body wheel 3 is provided with an exhaust port, and the generated tar gas is conveyed to the feed port 12 through a pipeline to enter the combustion.
The straw stalk based activated carbon prepared by the method is mixed with other matrixes after being processed for treating the urban domestic sewage, and the effect is good.
Example 2: preparation of corn stalk based active carbon
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the carbonization furnace device comprises a heating system and a circulating furnace body, wherein the heating system comprises a fuel pool 1 and a fuel 2, and the circulating furnace body comprises 4 furnace body wheels 3 which are connected through a connecting rod 5, a main shaft 4 and a wheel shaft 6; in the operation process, the fuel 2 is burnt to directly heat the furnace body wheel 3, and the furnace body wheel 3 is rotated while heating; after the first furnace body wheel 3 is heated, the main shaft 4 is rotated to heat the next furnace body wheel 3, when the third furnace body wheel 3 is heated, the outer cover of the first furnace body wheel 3 is opened, the carbonized straw-based activated carbon is taken out, new straw is filled, and the steps are repeated in this way to continuously prepare the straw-based activated carbon.
The furnace body wheel 3 is composed of a heating shell 7, straws 8 and a positioning plate 9, the heating shell is made of steel, the thickness of the heating shell is 10mm, and the outer diameter of the furnace body wheel 3 is 0.8 m; the thickness of the straw is 100mm, the corn straw is adopted, the skin and the stalk of the straw are separated before the straw is added, the separated straw skin is directly added into the furnace body wheel 3, the separated straw stalk is added after being rolled by gravity, the laying thickness is 300mm during rolling, and the rolling strength is 150 kPa; the positioning plate 9 adopts a steel mesh, the diameter or side length of the mesh is 8mm, and the pressure of the positioning plate 9 on the straws is 10.6 kPa.
The furnace body wheels 3 rotate for 2.2 circles per minute, the wheel shafts 6 are driven to rotate through the auxiliary shaft rods 11, the heating time of each furnace body wheel 3 is 22min, and after the heating of each furnace body wheel 3 is completed, the main shaft 4 revolves for 45 degrees.
The whole furnace body is sealed by a furnace body shell 10, a discharge hole is formed in a furnace body wheel 3 positioned at the top of the furnace body for discharging finished activated carbon and feeding straws, and corn straws are loaded into the furnace body, wherein the heating temperature is 380-420 ℃.
The top of the furnace body shell 10 is provided with an air outlet 13, the air outlet 13 is a one-way gas discharge port, and oxygen is supplied through a feed port 12.
One end of the furnace body wheel 3 is provided with an exhaust port, and the generated tar gas is conveyed to the feed port 12 through a pipeline and enters the combustion pool.
The corn straw-based activated carbon prepared by the method is used for filtering materials of filter elements of domestic water filters after being processed, and the filtering effect is good.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon by straws is characterized in that: the device consists of a heating system and a circulating furnace body, wherein the heating system consists of a fuel pool (1) and a fuel (2), and the circulating furnace body consists of 4 furnace body wheels (3) which are connected through a connecting rod (5), a main shaft (4) and a wheel shaft (6); in the operation process, the fuel (2) is burnt to directly heat the furnace body wheel (3), and the furnace body wheel (3) is rotated while heating; after the first furnace body wheel (3) is heated, the main shaft (4) is rotated to heat the next furnace body wheel (3), when the third furnace body wheel (3) is heated, the outer cover of the first furnace body wheel (3) is opened, the carbonized straw-based activated carbon is taken out, new straw is filled, and the steps are repeated in this way to continuously prepare the straw-based activated carbon.
2. The continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace body wheel (3) is composed of a heating shell (7), straws (8) and a positioning plate (9), the heating shell is made of steel, the thickness is 10-20 mm, and the outer diameter of the furnace body wheel (3) is 0.8-1.6 m; the thickness of the straw is 100-300 mm, the straw is corn straw, wheat straw or rice straw, when the corn straw is adopted, the skin and the stalk of the straw are separated, the separated skin of the straw can be directly added into the furnace body wheel (3), the separated stalk of the straw needs to be added after being rolled by gravity, the laying thickness is 300-500 mm when being rolled, the rolling strength is 150-300 kPa, and when the wheat straw or the rice straw is adopted, the straw is directly added; the positioning plate (9) is made of steel meshes, the diameter or side length of each mesh is 5-8 mm, and the pressure of the positioning plate (9) on the straws is 5.5-10.6 kPa.
3. The continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation of the furnace body wheel (3) is 2.2-3.6 circles per minute, the auxiliary shaft rod (11) drives the wheel shaft (6) to rotate, the heating time of each furnace body wheel (3) is 16-22 min, after the heating of each furnace body wheel (3) is completed, the main shaft (4) revolves for 45 degrees, and the main shaft (4) is driven to rotate by the main shaft rod (14).
4. The continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws as claimed in claim 1, wherein the whole furnace body is closed by a furnace body shell (10), and a horizontal discharge hole is arranged at the position of the furnace body wheel (3) at the top for discharging finished activated carbon and feeding new straws.
5. The continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heating temperature when the furnace body wheel (3) is filled with rice straws and wheat straws is 300-350 ℃ and the heating temperature when the furnace body wheel is filled with corn straws is 380-420 ℃.
6. The continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws as claimed in claim 4, wherein the top of the furnace body shell (10) is provided with an air outlet (13), the air outlet (13) is a one-way gas discharge port, and oxygen is supplied through the feed port (12).
7. The continuous carbonization furnace for preparing activated carbon from straws as claimed in claim 5, wherein an exhaust port is provided at one end of the furnace body wheel (3), and the generated tar gas is conveyed to the feed port (12) through a pipeline to enter the combustion.
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| CN113461009A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏森森炭业科技有限公司 | High-efficient carbomorphism device of bio-based preparation active carbon |
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