CN108569574A - A kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system - Google Patents

A kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108569574A
CN108569574A CN201810524865.6A CN201810524865A CN108569574A CN 108569574 A CN108569574 A CN 108569574A CN 201810524865 A CN201810524865 A CN 201810524865A CN 108569574 A CN108569574 A CN 108569574A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
chain
fixed
grating
sugarcane
exclusion
Prior art date
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Application number
CN201810524865.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
唐云
李天毅
封云
李德海
刘波
杨志宏
潘子强
曹富宏
梅竹松
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Kunming Kelin Light Industry Machinery Co Ltd
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Kunming Kelin Light Industry Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Kunming Kelin Light Industry Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Kunming Kelin Light Industry Machinery Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810524865.6A priority Critical patent/CN108569574A/en
Publication of CN108569574A publication Critical patent/CN108569574A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G67/00Loading or unloading vehicles
    • B65G67/02Loading or unloading land vehicles
    • B65G67/24Unloading land vehicles
    • B65G67/32Unloading land vehicles using fixed tipping installations
    • B65G67/48Vehicle tipplers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G69/00Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
    • B65G69/12Sieving bulk materials during loading or unloading
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/02Articles
    • B65G2201/0202Agricultural and processed food products

Abstract

The present invention relates to cane sugar manufacture equipment technical fields, specifically a kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system, including dumping device, assist cane carrier and exclusion device, the dumping device passes through hydraulic-driven, the auxiliary cane carrier includes horizontal segment and oblique ascension section, dumping device is installed on the horizontal segment of auxiliary cane carrier, it can be at least one position in both sides and tail portion of horizontal segment, flat device is set in the middle part of the auxiliary cane carrier oblique ascension section, setting material in front of the head of cane carrier oblique ascension section is assisted to throw in bulk set, material throws the lower section setting exclusion device in bulk set, the lower end of exclusion device is close to main cane carrier, in exclusion device arranged beneath sand collecting hopper.Apparatus of the present invention are directed to the processing such as the sugarcane raw material progress automatic discharging for transporting sugar refinery, conveying, removal of impurities, realize mechanization, automation mechanized operation, improve working efficiency, reduce human cost to the maximum extent, reduce the production cost of sugar prod, ensure production safety.

Description

A kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system
Technical field
The present invention relates to cane sugar manufacture equipment technical field, specifically a kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system.
Background technology
As domestic and international cane sugar manufacture is produced to informationization, scale, mechanization, automation development, sugar refinery's production rule Mould is constantly expanding, and mechanization and automation is done step-by-step in the plantation of sugarcane and harvesting mode, and the application of combine harvester is increasingly Extensively, the sugarcane raw material of sugar refinery becomes short material from material all in one piece.In order to improve production efficiency, reduce production cost, sugar refinery it is sweet The modes such as sugarcane reception, discharging, removal of impurities also change therewith.How to make the discharging before cane milling, conveying and removes contaminant problem It realizes automation, adapts to the demand of current sugar industry large-scale development, be the research direction of current sugar industry.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed systems, for transport Sugarcane raw material to sugar refinery carries out the processing such as automatic discharging, conveying, removal of impurities, realizes mechanization, automation mechanized operation, improves work Efficiency reduces human cost to the maximum extent, reduces the production cost of sugar prod, ensures production safety.
The present invention realizes that the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is, a kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system, including from Handler (1), auxiliary cane carrier (3), exclusion device (6), which is characterized in that the dumping device (1) passes through hydraulic-driven, institute It includes horizontal segment and oblique ascension section to state auxiliary cane carrier (3), and dumping device (1) is installed on the horizontal segment of auxiliary cane carrier (3), can be At least one position in both sides and tail portion of horizontal segment, the setting flat device (4) in the middle part of auxiliary cane carrier (3) the oblique ascension section, Assist the head front setting material throwing of cane carrier (3) oblique ascension section is in bulk to set (5), material is thrown the inclined downward in bulk for setting (5) and set Exclusion device (6) is set, the lower end of exclusion device (6) is close to main cane carrier (8), in exclusion device (6) arranged beneath sand collecting hopper (7)。
Further, the dumping device (1) includes rack (101), hydraulic cylinder device (102), hydraulic cylinder hinged-support (103), automobile divider device (104), rack hinged-support (105), instruction mark post (106), lanyard (107), divider (108), platform Frame (101) is fixed by rack hinged-support (105), and rack (101) can be relatively rotated around rack hinged-support (105), rack (101) hydraulic cylinder device (102) is set on, and hydraulic cylinder device (102) is fixed by hydraulic cylinder hinged-support (103), automobile divider Device (104) is arranged on rack (101), and instruction mark post (106) is arranged in rack (101) front, and lanyard (107) is connected to platform Frame (101) front, divider (108) are fixed on rack (101).
Further, the auxiliary cane carrier (3) includes body set (301), head chain wheel device (302), guide rail dress (303), chain plate device (304), support rail device (305), tail sprocket device (306) are set, the body set (301) includes water Flat section, oblique ascension section and body head, head chain wheel device (302) are located at body set (301) head, tail sprocket device (306) it is located at body set (301) horizontal segment tail end, head chain wheel device (302) and tail sprocket device (306)
It is connected through chain plate device (304), track-type facilities (303) are fixed on body set (301), support rail device by crossbeam (305) it is located at body set (301) horizontal segment;The chain plate device (304) includes chain (341) and carrier bar (342), chain (341) it is connected and fixed with fastener (343) with carrier bar (342), chain (341) is supported in track-type facilities (303);The head chain Wheel apparatus (302) includes driving shaft, drive sprocket is equipped on driving shaft, tail sprocket device (306) includes driven shaft, driven Driven sprocket is installed on axis, and is provided with the tension device for adjusting chain plate device (304) tensioning degree.
Further, the track-type facilities (303) are fixed on body dress along body set (301) length direction with crossbeam It sets on (301), chain plate device (304) is used to support, using light rail structure or riding wheel structure.
Further, it is horizontal to be located at body set (301) for the support rail device (305), including nylon sheet and supporting beam Section, supporting beam are fixed on track-type facilities (303) crossbeam, and nylon sheet is fixed in supporting beam, as Auxiliary support, support carrier bar Device (304).
Further, the chain (341) is roller chain, and the guide rail of light rail structure is supported in along body set (301) Device (305));Or the chain (341) is ring chain, including outer ring chain (3411), axis pin (3412), annular Chain (3413), several outer ring chains (3411) are spaced apart to be arranged in parallel two-by-two, passes through axis pin (3412) and inner ring Shape chain (3413) connects, and the annular chain (3413) is placed between two outer ring chains (3411) disposed in parallel, Both ends are separately connected the outer ring chain (3411) at interval;The track-type facilities of riding wheel structure are supported in along body set (301) (303)。
Further, the flat device (4) moves in a circle, including driven end bearing block (401), roller device (402), transmission end bearing block (403), roller device (402) pass through driven end bearing block (401), transmission end bearing block (403) It is fixed on body set (301) medium position;Tool arm (4021) is provided on roller device (402), adjacent tool arm is dislocation type Arrangement, and between there are certain interval, the traffic direction in roller device (402) lower rotation direction and auxiliary cane carrier (3) On the contrary.
Further, the material throws set (5) in bulk and is at least arranged a set of, and identical structure is used with flat device (4) Setting, moves in a circle, and top rotation direction is consistent with the traffic direction of auxiliary cane carrier (3);The exclusion device (6) is Fixed slanted screen exclusion device (61), the sieve apparatus that it is made of the certain grating of several spacing (611) pass through support Beam is fixed on the inside of auxiliary cane carrier (3), including grating (611), the grating (611) are fixed in fixed plate (612), institute Fixed plate (612) is stated with supporting beam to be connected;
Or the exclusion device (6) is scraper-type grating exclusion device (62), the scraper-type grating exclusion device (62) It is installed on material by sprocket transmission device (621) inclination and throws the lower section in bulk for setting (5), in the sprocket transmission device (621) Two level sieve plate exclusion device (622) is arranged in one end comprising and sieve plate, the sieve plate use grating structure or mesh panels structure, The two level sieve plate exclusion device (622) is inclined between scraper-type grating exclusion device (62) and main cane carrier (8), institute It includes chain scraper conveying device (623) and grating sieve apparatus (624) to state scraper-type grating exclusion device (62), described
Chain scraper conveying device (623) includes scraper plate (625) and ring seal chain, several ring seal chains It is fixedly connected by the way that bolt is vertical with several scraper plates (625), group circularizes delivery system together with the sprocket transmission device (621) System, grating sieve apparatus (624) both ends are fixed on the auxiliary cane carrier (3), are placed among annular transport system, Grating sieve apparatus (624) is made of the certain grating of several spacing (626), including grating (626), and the grating (626) is solid Due in fixed plate, the fixed plate is connected with supporting beam, and the supporting beam is fixed on auxiliary cane carrier (3), the chain Wheel transmission device (621) is fixed on by bearing block on crossbeam, and crossbeam is fixed on the column of auxiliary cane carrier (3);
Or the exclusion device (6) is oscillatory type grating exclusion device (63), is installed on material and throws in bulk set below (5) It is adjacent with main cane carrier (8) entrance, including several gratings (631) are fixed in fixed plate (632), oscillatory type grating exclusion device (63) respectively 1 vibrating motor (633) of setting and several spring assemblies (634) drive whole device vibration, the spring for both sides Device (634) is fixed on crossbeam (635), and the crossbeam (635) is fixedly connected with auxiliary cane carrier column.
Further, one end of the rack (101) is provided with gap bridge panel turnover device (109).
Further, the grating (611) in the fixed slanted screen exclusion device (61), scraper-type grating exclusion device (62) grating (631) in grating (626) and oscillatory type grating exclusion device (63) in is wedge steel structure, adjacent two Between spacing be 10~12mm.
Further, it is provided with scraper (627) below any scraper plate (625).
Further, sand collecting hopper (7) the outlet setting rubber conveyer (9).
Apparatus of the present invention are used to complete sugarcane raw material and pre-process a series of flows broken, before squeezing, including original sugarcane The automatic discharging of material, conveying and removal of impurities, operation principle are:Different according to sugar cane transport Vehicle length, instruction mark post (106) is inserted in Driver side to, can be the suitable position on the left side or the right, i.e., back wheels of vehicle reaches automobile divider device (104) position, parking It waits for, rack (101) is fixed by rack hinged-support (105), is jacked up and is overturn by hydraulic cylinder device (102), sugar cane transport vehicle (2) it gradually tilts, reaches certain angle, by the dead weight of sugarcane, unload in sugarcane to auxiliary cane carrier (3) slot body, reach and unload The purpose of sugarcane.
The detailed process of sugarcane raw material self-unloading is:Dumping device (1) is reached in sugar cane transport vehicle (2) retroversion, and trailing wheel is close Automobile divider device (104) then uses the hook fixation that lanyard (107) tangles sugar cane transport vehicle (2) front to prevent thereafter Incline.Driver leaves rack (101) to safety zone, hydraulic cylinder device (102) action, and piston stretches out, and rack (101) is dug Certain angle unloads sugarcane and finishes, and later, hydraulic cylinder device (102) acts again, backward stroke of the piston, and rack (101) is lowered back to place, most After remove lanyard (107), drive away forward sugar cane transport vehicle (2).
According to the special case at cane sugar factory scene, by the way that gap bridge panel turnover device is arranged in one end of rack (101) (109), the backing time of sugar cane transport vehicle (2) and the space in sugarcane field can be effectively reduced, sugar cane transport vehicle (2) is suitable A direction carry out sequence discharging, without carrying out secondary reversing after the completion of discharging, is driven out to along a direction, can efficiently shorten and unload Expect time and less floor space.
Sugarcane raw material conveying detailed process be:The sugarcane raw material unloaded from dumping device (1) slides to auxiliary cane carrier (3) in slot body, that is, the horizontal segment of the body set (301) of cane carrier (3) is assisted.As chain plate device (304) are run, sugarcane material quilt It is transported to oblique ascension section, and is slowly tilted upward transport, when by flat device (4), by the reverse rotation of flat device (4) Turn, in disorder sugarcane raw material is combed uniformly.The sugarcane patted continue to be fed forward under the action of assisting cane carrier (3) to Body head reaches material and throws in bulk set.
According to the demand of cane sugar factory, can respectively match in the horizontal segment both sides of body set (301) and the position of tail portion three Sugarcane dumping device (1) is set, while receiving the sugarcane that multiple positions are toppled over, enhances reception and the processing capacity of sugarcane raw material.
Sugarcane raw material removal of impurities detailed process be:Sugarcane reaches material and throws in bulk sets by the conveying of auxiliary cane carrier (3) (5), material throws set (5) in bulk and moves in a circle, and top rotation direction is consistent with the traffic direction of auxiliary cane carrier (3), shape The throwing of pairs of sugarcane dissipates, and by the effect of tool arm, impurity and sugarcane is made to be detached from.Meanwhile the rhizome or sugarcane leaf of sugarcane can cause Sugarcane is intertwined, and throws the effect in bulk for setting (5) by material, the sugarcane that is intertwined can also realize separation.After separation Sugarcane and impurity fall to the exclusion device (6) of lower section, and the sugarcane material containing impurity passes through the effect of exclusion device (6), impurity It is fallen by sieve plate gap, has the function that remove the impurity in sugarcane;And the sugarcane after detaching slides under its gravity It becomes owner of cane carrier (8) and enters next process, the impurity such as silt particle then fall into the sand collecting hopper (7) of exclusion device (6) arranged beneath, into And it falls into rubber conveyer (9) and is conveyed out.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect that a kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying of the invention and impurity removed system generate For:
1, the discharging, conveying and exclusion device of sugarcane raw material are integrated with, can handle simultaneously hand harvest long stick sugarcane and The stub sugarcane of sugarcane combine harvesting, reaches automatic discharging, automatic to convey, and automatic impurity removing integration improves work Make efficiency, artificial participation is preferably minimized, reduces human cost to the maximum extent.
2, the set-up mode that the present invention will assist the body set of cane carrier to use horizontal segment and oblique ascension section, is realized to sugarcane material Long distance delivery, reach enough height, dumping device is arranged above horizontal segment, and sugarcane raw material is directly unloaded to defeated Device is sent, while according to the demand of cane sugar factory, can be respectively configured in the horizontal segment both sides of body set and the position of tail portion three Sugarcane device for discharging, while the sugarcane that multiple positions are toppled over is received, reception ability is strong, and treating capacity is big, significantly improves sugarcane raw material Treatment effeciency.
3, dumping device of the invention realizes that the automatic discharging of sugarcane, cane sugar factory no longer make as traditional discharge way With lifting machine and bundle sugarcane steel wire rope, safety in production is realized;Meanwhile the gap bridge panel turnover device of setting realizes sugar cane transport vehicle toward one A direction is driven into, and without carrying out secondary reversing, saves space, improves working efficiency;The automobile divider device of dumping device setting, It is slipped after after effectivelying prevent sugar cane transport vehicle to dig;The divider of dumping device setting ensures that vehicle turning will not be from dumping device Upper overturning is fallen down, and the safe application performance of equipment is improved.
4, the present invention be provided with material throw it is in bulk set and exclusion device, exclusion device is set to material and throws in bulk set down Side, not only effectively solves the problems, such as that the impurity contents such as sugarcane silt particle are high, most of impurity in sugarcane is separated, is adopted simultaneously With vertically disposed mode, the space between auxiliary cane carrier and main cane carrier is made full use of, floor space is small, the scope of application Extensively.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the dumping device main structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the dumping device main structure diagram of the band gap bridge panel turnover device of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the dumping device automobile divider apparatus structure schematic diagram of the band gap bridge panel turnover device of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the dumping device gap bridge panel turnover device structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is present invention auxiliary cane carrier main structure diagram.
Fig. 8 is the chain plate device structural schematic diagram of present invention auxiliary cane carrier.
Fig. 9 is ring chain structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the flat device three-dimensional axial view of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the fixed sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the fixed sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus sieve plate schematic cross-section of the present invention.
Figure 13 is scraper-type sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 14 is scraper-type sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus sieve plate of the present invention section simplified schematic diagram.
Figure 15 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of scraper-type sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus screeding device of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the sieve plate schematic cross-section of oscillatory type sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 17 is simplified schematic diagram of the oscillatory type sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus of the present invention when spring assembly is in tilted layout.
Figure 18 is simplified schematic diagram of the oscillatory type sugarcane raw material impurity removing apparatus of the present invention when spring assembly is horizontally disposed.
Wherein, 1- dumping devices;2- sugar cane transport vehicles;3- assists cane carrier;4- flat devices;5- materials are thrown in bulk It sets;6- exclusion devices;7- sand collecting hoppers;The main cane carriers of 8-;9- rubber conveyers;101- racks;102- hydraulic cylinder devices;103- liquid Cylinder pressure hinged-support;104- automobile divider devices;105- rack hinged-supports;106- indicates mark post;107- lanyards;108- dividers; 109- gap bridge panel turnover devices;1041- vehicle blocking frames;1042- vehicle blocking frame hinged-supports;1043- vehicle blocking frame oil cylinders;1044- vehicle blocking frame oil Cylinder hinged-support;1091- bridge crossing plates;1092- throws oneself leaf fat cylinder;1093- gap bridge hinged-supports;1094- gap bridge oil cylinder hinged-supports; 301- body sets;The heads 302- chain wheel device;303- track-type facilities;304- chain plate devices;305- holds in the palm rail device;The tail portions 306- Chain wheel device;341- chains;342- carrier bars;343- fasteners;3411- outer ring chains;3412- axis pins;3413- annular chains Item;The driven end bearing blocks of 401-;402- roller devices;4021- tool arms;403- is driven end bearing block;51- desanding drum apparatus; The fixed slanted screen exclusion devices of 61-;611- gratings;612- fixed plates;62- scraper-type grating exclusion devices;621- sprocket wheels pass Dynamic device;622- two level sieve plate exclusion devices;623- chain scraper conveying devices;624- grating sieve apparatus;625- scraper plates; 626- gratings;627- scrapers;6251- scraper plate bodies;6252- side scraper plates;6253- reinforcing plates;6254- side scraper plates;6255- reinforces Plate;63- oscillatory type grating exclusion devices;631- gratings;632- fixed plates;633- vibrating motors;634- spring assemblies;635- is horizontal Beam;636- support bases;637- channel steels.
Specific implementation mode
Below by drawings and examples, invention is further described in detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to In the content.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading transport system, including dumping device 1, auxiliary cane carrier 3, removal of impurities Device 6, for the dumping device 1 by hydraulic-driven, the auxiliary cane carrier 3 includes horizontal segment and oblique ascension section, and dumping device 1 is pacified Horizontal segment loaded on auxiliary cane carrier 3 can be at least one position in both sides and tail portion of horizontal segment.Generally, it can be given birth to according to sugar refinery Production demand carries out more set configurations, is installed on horizontal segment both sides and/or the tail position of auxiliary cane carrier 3.It is defeated in the auxiliary Flat device 4 is set in the middle part of sugarcane machine 3, assists the end front setting material throwing of 3 oblique ascension section of cane carrier is in bulk to set 5, material, which is thrown, to be dissipated Exclusion device 6 is arranged in the inclined downward of device 5, and the lower end of exclusion device 6 is close to main cane carrier 8, the cloth below exclusion device 6 Set sand collecting hopper 7.
Wherein, as shown in figure 3, the dumping device 1 includes rack 101, hydraulic cylinder device 102, hydraulic cylinder hinged-support 103, automobile divider device 104, rack hinged-support 105, instruction mark post 106, lanyard 107, divider 108, automobile divider device 104 Trailing wheel for fixing sugar cane transport vehicle 2 slips after preventing automobile, and lanyard 107 tangles the hook of 2 front of sugar cane transport vehicle It is fixed, 2 hypsokinesis of sugar cane transport vehicle is prevented, divider 108 effectively prevent sugar cane transport vehicle 1 to be dug in discharge process, sweet Sugarcane haulage vehicle 2 unloads sugarcane and is poured onto in auxiliary 3 slot body of cane carrier, that is, assists the horizontal segment of cane carrier 3.It generally, can be in platform 101 front of frame is provided with several hooks, and 107 one end of lanyard is sleeved on hook, and one end is sleeved on sugar cane transport vehicle 2.
As shown in figs. 3 and 5, automobile divider device 104 is arranged on rack 101, and one end of automobile divider device 104 is leaned on Nearly gap bridge panel turnover device 109, automobile divider device 104 include vehicle blocking frame 1041, vehicle blocking frame hinged-support 1042, vehicle blocking frame oil cylinder 1043, vehicle blocking frame oil cylinder hinged-support 1044.Vehicle blocking frame 1041, vehicle blocking frame hinged-support 1042, vehicle blocking frame oil cylinder 1043, vehicle blocking frame oil Cylinder hinged-support 1044 is sequentially connected.Vehicle blocking frame 1041 is fixed on by vehicle blocking frame hinged-support 1042 on rack 101, vehicle blocking frame 1041 It can be rotated around the axis of vehicle blocking frame hinged-support 1042, vehicle blocking frame oil cylinder 1043 is fixed by vehicle blocking frame oil cylinder hinged-support 1044, gear One end of vehicle frame oil cylinder hinged-support 1044 is connected with rack 101, the other end and the vehicle blocking frame oil of vehicle blocking frame oil cylinder hinged-support 1044 Cylinder is connected.
As shown in fig. 6, the gap bridge panel turnover device 109 is hinged including bridge crossing plate 1091, leaf fat cylinder 1092 of throwing oneself, gap bridge Seat 1093, gap bridge oil cylinder hinged-support 1094, bridge crossing plate 1091 by gap bridge hinged-support 1093 fix, throw oneself leaf fat cylinder 1092 with Bridge crossing plate 1091 is connected, and leaf fat cylinder 1092 of throwing oneself is fixed by gap bridge oil cylinder hinged-support 1094, under gap bridge panel turnover device 109 Side's setting auxiliary cane carrier 3.
As shown in figure 4, automobile divider device 104 fixes the trailing wheel of sugar cane transport vehicle 2, slipped after preventing automobile, sugarcane Haulage vehicle 2 is parked in 108 lower section of divider, to which divider 108 can effectively prevent sugar cane transport vehicle 2 to be turned in discharge process It rises.The divider 108 is fixed on 101 top of rack, is in door shape.
When automobile divider device 104 does not work, the upper surface of vehicle blocking frame 1041 is equal with the upper surface of rack 101;And When automobile divider device 104 is in running order, the rotation of vehicle blocking frame 1041 is dug, and is blocked the trailing wheel of sugar cane transport vehicle 2, is prevented It is slipped after sugar cane transport vehicle 2.
As shown in figure 4,2 working condition of sugar cane transport vehicle, when sugar cane transport vehicle 2 unloads sugarcane, gap bridge panel turnover device 109 It digs, automobile divider device 104 fixes 2 trailing wheel of sugar cane transport vehicle, and hydraulic cylinder device 102 jacks up rack 101, sweet unloading During sugarcane, divider 108 prevents sugar cane transport vehicle 1 from digging.
Through the invention setting, it can be achieved that sugarcane self-discharging system automated production management, effectively reduce hand labor Intensity and production cost increase the stability of equipment.
Sugar cane transport vehicle 2 unloads sugarcane raw material to auxiliary cane carrier 3, as shown in fig. 7, described auxiliary by dumping device 1 It includes body set 301 to help cane carrier 3, and body set 301 includes horizontal segment, oblique ascension section and body head, head chain wheel device 302 are located at 301 head of body set, and tail sprocket device 306 is located at 301 horizontal segment tail end of body set, head chain wheel device 302 and tail sprocket device 306 through chain plate device 304 connect, track-type facilities 303 by crossbeam be fixed on body set 301, support Rail device 305 is located at 301 horizontal segment of body set.The chain plate device 304 include chain 341 and carrier bar 342, chain 341 with Carrier bar 342 is connected and fixed with fastener 343, and chain 341 is supported in track-type facilities 303;The head chain wheel device 302 includes master Moving axis is equipped with drive sprocket on driving shaft, and tail sprocket device 306 includes driven shaft, and driven sprocket is equipped on driven shaft, And it is provided with the tension device for adjusting 304 tensioning degree of chain plate device.
Between angle between the horizontal segment and oblique ascension section of body set 301 is 0 °~24 °, so as to realize to sugarcane material Long distance delivery and promote sugarcane material to higher height.
As shown in figure 8, chain plate device 304 includes chain 341 and carrier bar 342, chain 341 passes through fastener with carrier bar 342 343 form a fixed connection.Roller chain or ring chain are could be provided as according to needs, chain 341 are used.In body set Track-type facilities 305 are arranged in 301 horizontal pars infrasegmentalis, including nylon sheet and supporting beam, supporting beam are fixed on 303 crossbeam of track-type facilities On, nylon sheet is fixed in supporting beam, as Auxiliary support, supports chain plate device 304.The track-type facilities 305 of setting can have Effect mitigates impact of the sugarcane raw material to the carrier bar 342 of horizontal segment in discharge process, enhances the bearing capacity of apparatus of the present invention.
As shown in figure 9, the chain 341 includes outer ring chain 3411, axis pin 3412, annular chain 3413, it is several Outer ring chain 3411 is spaced apart to be arranged in parallel two-by-two, is connect with annular chain 3413 by axis pin 3412, described Annular chain 3413 is placed between two outer ring chains 3411 disposed in parallel, and both ends are separately connected the outer ring chain at interval Item 3411.3412 one end rib of the axis pin is flat head, under chain relaxation cases, does not have to, by other tools, only need to use Manual rotation axis pin 3412 keeps its flat mouth consistent with the setting direction of chain, you can convenient dismounting chain and carrier bar.
If the present invention is using ring chain, loading capacity is big, can carry the pulling force and impact force of bigger, and conveniently tears open It unloads, is conveniently replaceable and installation and maintenance.
Preferably, the outer ring chain 3411 and annular chain 3413 are formed by steel forging system.
As shown in Figure 10, the flat device 4 includes driven end bearing block 401, roller device 402, transmission end bearing block 403.Roller device 402 is fixed on 301 medium position of body set by driven end bearing block 401, transmission end bearing block 403; Be provided with tool arm 4021 on roller device 402, adjacent tool arm is dislocation type arrangement, and between there are certain interval, roll shaft dresses It is opposite with the auxiliary traffic direction of cane carrier 3 to set 402 lower rotation directions.Usually, the placement location of flat device 4 is oblique ascension The middle part of section, specific location are determined according to place.For patting the material in transportational process, keeps sugarcane layer uniform, avoid local mistake More sugarcanes block in subsequent handling, improve the safety coefficient of equipment.
On the other hand, flat device 4 is arranged in body head position, can be arranged single or multiple, thrown as material It is in bulk to set use, realize that the throwing of sugarcane material dissipates.
As shown in Fig. 2, dumping device 1 is arranged in the horizontal segment trailer of auxiliary cane carrier 3, sugarcane is by large-scale sugar cane transport vehicle Transport can be long stick sugarcane and/or the stub sugarcane of sugarcane combine harvesting of hand harvest.Sugarcane by removing stage makeup and costume certainly It sets 1 and is poured onto horizontal segment.It in use, can be from the horizontal segment both sides of body set 301 according to the demand of cane sugar manufacture factory And several dumping devices 1 are respectively configured in the position of tail portion three, while the sugarcane that multiple positions are toppled over is received, make apparatus of the present invention Reception ability greatly enhances.
Sugarcane reaches oblique ascension section, and be transported at flat device 4 by horizontal segment, by the effect of flat device 4, Mixed and disorderly sugarcane material becomes uniform, continues to convey forward.
After flat device 4, sugarcane raw material is transported to exclusion device, and exclusion device, which includes that material throwing is in bulk, sets 5 Hes Exclusion device 6, the material are thrown in front of the head in bulk for setting the oblique ascension section that 5 are set to auxiliary cane carrier 3, and in bulk set is thrown in material Exclusion device 6 is arranged in 5 inclined downwards, and the lower end of the exclusion device 6 is close to main cane carrier 8, in 6 arranged beneath of exclusion device Sand collecting hopper 7.Rubber conveyer 9 is set below sand collecting hopper 7.
Material throwing is in bulk to set 5 as desanding drum apparatus 51, identical structure setting is used with flat device 4, by motor It is circled through speed reducer drive, rotation direction is consistent with the auxiliary traffic direction of cane carrier 3.The exclusion device 6 is Fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61 either scraper-type grating exclusion device 62 or oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63.Specifically Which kind of, using form, can be confirmed according to sugar refinery real space position size and user demand.
As shown in Figure 11, Figure 12, the exclusion device 6 is fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61, it is at certain inclination Angle is installed on 51 lower section of desanding drum apparatus.The exclusion device 6 is fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61, it is by several The sieve sand panel assembly that the certain grating 611 of spacing forms, the inside of auxiliary cane carrier 3, including grating are fixed on by supporting beam 611, the grating 611 is fixed in fixed plate 612, and the fixed plate 612 is connected with supporting beam;Supporting beam both ends and auxiliary Cane carrier 3 uses bolt-connection, to realize the connection of fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61.
Most preferably, in order to preferably detach impurity, while cane carrier 8 is become owner of in view of enabling sugarcane material successfully to slide, Between angle of inclination when the fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61 is arranged is 40 °~45 °.If space is unrestricted, can use up can Energy ground increases the length of grating 611, to achieve the purpose that increase desanding area, keeps desanding effect more preferable.Due to the fixation Formula slanted screen exclusion device 61 is fixedly installed on auxiliary cane carrier 3, does not need gearing, has higher security performance.
When work, cane carrier 3 will be assisted to convey the sugarcane to come by the rotation of the desanding drum apparatus 51 and thrown, to Sugarcane provides power upwardly and forwardly, so that sugarcane is formed parabola and falls on fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61, makes silt Equal impurity are detached with sugarcane.Meanwhile the rhizome or sugarcane leaf of sugarcane can cause sugarcane to be intertwined, and pass through desanding drum apparatus The effect of desanding drum apparatus 51, the sugarcane that is intertwined separation.Sugarcane and impurity after separation fall to the fixation of lower section Formula slanted screen exclusion device 61, the sugarcane material containing impurity is by the effect of fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61, between impurity passes through Gap is fallen, and has the function that remove the impurity in sugarcane;And the sugarcane after detaching falls into main cane carrier 8 in the downslide of its gravity Into next process, the impurity such as silt then fall into the sand collecting hopper 7, Jin Erluo of fixed 61 arranged beneath of slanted screen exclusion device Enter rubber conveyer 9 to be conveyed out.
Or as shown in figure 13, the exclusion device 6 is scraper-type grating exclusion device 62, the scraper-type grating removal of impurities Device 62 tilted by sprocket transmission device 621 be installed on material throw it is in bulk set 5 lower section, the sprocket transmission device 621 is logical It crosses bearing block to be fixed on crossbeam, crossbeam is fixed on the column of auxiliary cane carrier 3.The inclination of scraper-type grating exclusion device 62 Angle is determined by the locational space of equipment before and after cane sugar factory.In 621 one end of the sprocket transmission device, setting two level sieve plate removes Miscellaneous device 622, the two level sieve plate exclusion device 622 be inclined at scraper-type grating exclusion device 62 and main cane carrier 8 it Between, the scraper-type grating exclusion device 62 and 622 arranged beneath of two level sieve plate exclusion device have sand collecting hopper 6.
As shown in figure 14, the scraper-type grating exclusion device 62 includes chain scraper conveying device 623 and grating sieve plate Device 624, the chain scraper conveying device 623 include scraper plate 625 and ring seal chain, several ring seal chains It being fixedly connected by the way that bolt is vertical with several scraper plates 625, group circularizes transport system together with the sprocket transmission device 621, 624 both ends of grating sieve apparatus are fixed on the auxiliary cane carrier 3, are placed among annular transport system, grating sieve Panel assembly 624 is made of the certain grating 626 of several spacing, including grating 626, the grating 626 are fixed in fixed plate, institute It states fixed plate with supporting beam to be connected, the supporting beam is fixed on auxiliary cane carrier 3, and the sprocket transmission device 621 passes through Bearing block is fixed on crossbeam, and crossbeam is fixed on the column of auxiliary cane carrier 3.
As shown in figure 15, the scraper plate 625 includes scraper plate body 6251, is a rectangular steel plates, in the scraper plate body 6251 upper surface is vertically connected with side scraper plate 6252, is a rectangular steel plates, the both sides of the side scraper plate 6252 be separated by one section away from From several reinforcing plates 6253 are arranged;Several side scraper plates 6254 of lower surface vertical connection of the scraper plate body 6251, sides adjacent is scraped The distance between plate 6254 is equal, and 6254 both sides of the side scraper plate are arranged in correspondence with reinforcing plate 6255 with the reinforcing plate 6253. In the present embodiment, scraper plate body, side scraper plate is all rectangular steel plates, and reinforcing plate is all triangle gusset.
Scraper-type grating exclusion device 62 work when, sugarcane falls at scraper-type grating exclusion device 62, sugarcane material by Scraper plate 625 drive advance when, contained by impurity fallen from the gap between grating 626, reach impurity-eliminating effect.In this process In, the case where inevitably will appear once in a while between thering is sugarcane material and impurity to be entrained in grating, therefore setting below a scraper plate wherein There is scraper 627, the sugarcane material and impurity for will be mingled between grating are blown off, and sieve apparatus is prevented to be blocked, and improve impurity-eliminating effect.
Finally, sugarcane material is fallen on two level sieve plate exclusion device 622, and two level sieve plate exclusion device 622 is inclined at scraper plate Between formula grating exclusion device 62 and main cane carrier 8, fed before sugarcane is driven by scraper plate 625 to the main cane carrier of subsequent processing 8 Before, sugarcane entirely falls in two level sieve plate exclusion device 622 first, passes through sieve pore impurity screening again.
Or the exclusion device 6 is oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63, be installed on material throw it is in bulk set 5 lower sections with it is main 8 entrance of cane carrier is adjacent, and 1 vibrating motor 633 and several spring assemblies is respectively arranged in the both sides of oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63 634 drive whole device vibration, the spring assembly 634 to be fixed on crossbeam 635, and the crossbeam 635 and auxiliary cane carrier are vertical Column is fixedly connected.
As shown in figure 16, oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63 includes that the certain grating 631 of several spacing is fixed on fixed plate On 632, mutually 632 vertical welding of multiple fixed plates across a certain distance is on channel steel 637.
Sugarcane by assisting the conveying of cane carrier 3, reach material throw it is in bulk set 5, material throw it is in bulk set 5 and move in a circle, Its rotation direction is consistent with the auxiliary traffic direction of cane carrier 3, and sugarcane is shed in formation, and impurity and sugarcane is made to detach.Meanwhile The rhizome or sugarcane leaf of sugarcane can cause sugarcane to be intertwined, by material throw it is in bulk set 5 effect, be intertwined sugarcane Separation.Sugarcane and impurity after separation fall on the oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63 of lower section.Electricity is vibrated in vibrating motor Under the collective effect of machine 633 and spring assembly 634, the oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63 generates vibration, reaches and removes sugarcane In silt particle effect.Sugarcane material after removal of impurities slides into main cane carrier 8 due to gravity, and the impurity such as silt, which are then fallen to, to shake In the sand collecting hopper 7 of 63 lower section of dynamic formula grating exclusion device, and then transferred out by rubber conveyer 9.
In view of the real space position size and production requirement in different sugar refinery, 634 tiltable of spring assembly arrangement Or it is horizontally disposed.
Simplified schematic diagram when being in tilted layout as shown in figure 17 for spring assembly, in the left and right of oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63 There is 1 635 oblique weld of crossbeam on both sides on auxiliary cane carrier column respectively, crossbeam 635 and oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63 Keeping parallelism, 634 one end of spring assembly are welded in by support base 636 on the crossbeam 635, and 634 other end of spring assembly is logical Support base 636 is crossed to weld with the oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63.In order to ensure to be connected firmly, the crossbeam 635 with it is auxiliary Helping between cane carrier column can horizontal welding reinforcing beam.
Simplified schematic diagram for spring assembly when horizontally disposed as shown in figure 18, at this point, in oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63 One end of 1 crossbeam 635 is welded close to one end of main cane carrier 8, the crossbeam 635 is horizontal, and the other end is vertically arranged with one Reinforcing beam welding, the reinforcing beam other end is fixedly connected with the other end of oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63, cross at this time Beam 635 is shorter, is tail trimmer.In one end of the lower weld spring assembly 634 of this tail trimmer 635, the spring assembly 634 The other end is connect with another crossbeam 635, and crossbeam 635 is longer herein, is long beam.635 level of the long beam, which is welded in, shakes Between the auxiliary cane carrier column at 63 both ends of dynamic formula grating exclusion device.Two crossbeam keeping parallelisms.
All include the grating being fixedly mounted, respectively in fixed slanted screen exclusion device 61 in above-mentioned exclusion device 6 Grating 611, the grating 626 in scraper-type grating exclusion device 62 and the grating 631 in oscillatory type grating exclusion device 63.This Between a little gratings mutually across a certain distance, this spacing should consider that impurity is made smoothly to fall, while prevent sugarcane from falling again, one As the grating spacing that is fixedly mounted be 10mm~12mm, best spacing is 10mm.
Meanwhile in order to ensure not blocked by impurity between grating, grating is set as wedge steel structure.
By verification experimental verification, using the material of above-mentioned setting throw it is in bulk set and exclusion device, by sugarcane raw material and soil The influence of dry and wet degree can usually remove 60%~70% impurity, effectively solve excessive impurity to existing for sugar mill equipment Harmful effect improves sugar yield and production saccharic amount.
Apparatus of the present invention can be individually adapted to the long stick sugarcane of hand harvest, can also be individually adapted to sugarcane combine The segmented stub sugarcane of harvest can also gather in suitable for the long stick sugarcane of hand harvest and sugarcane combine short simultaneously Stick sugarcane realizes the integrated process of discharging, transport, removal of impurities.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than is limited;Although with reference to aforementioned reality Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those of ordinary skill in the art, still can be to aforementioned implementation Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features;And these are changed or replace It changes, the spirit and scope for claimed technical solution of the invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system, including dumping device (1), auxiliary cane carrier (3), exclusion device (6), which is characterized in that for the dumping device (1) by hydraulic-driven, the auxiliary cane carrier (3) includes horizontal segment and oblique ascension Section, dumping device (1) are installed on the horizontal segment of auxiliary cane carrier (3), can be at least one position in both sides and tail portion of horizontal segment, The setting flat device (4) in the middle part of auxiliary cane carrier (3) the oblique ascension section assists setting in front of the head of cane carrier (3) oblique ascension section The throwing of glove material is in bulk to set (5), and material throws the inclined downward setting exclusion device (6) in bulk for setting (5), the lower end of exclusion device (6) Portion is close to main cane carrier (8), in exclusion device (6) arranged beneath sand collecting hopper (7).
2. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as described in claim 1 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the dumping device (1) Including rack (101), hydraulic cylinder device (102), hydraulic cylinder hinged-support (103), automobile divider device (104), rack hinged-support (105), instruction mark post (106), lanyard (107), divider (108), rack (101) is fixed by rack hinged-support (105), rack (101) it can be relatively rotated around rack hinged-support (105), hydraulic cylinder device (102), hydraulic cylinder device are set on rack (101) (102) fixed by hydraulic cylinder hinged-support (103), automobile divider device (104) is arranged on rack (101), indicates mark post (106) it is arranged in rack (101) front, lanyard (107) is connected to rack (101) front, and divider (108) is fixed on rack (101) on.
3. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the defeated sugarcane of auxiliary Machine (3) includes body set (301), head chain wheel device (302), track-type facilities (303), chain plate device (304), support rail device (305), tail sprocket device (306), the body set (301) include horizontal segment, oblique ascension section and body head, head sprocket wheel Device (302) is located at body set (301) head, and tail sprocket device (306) is located at body set (301) horizontal segment tail end, Head chain wheel device (302) and tail sprocket device (306) are connected through chain plate device (304), and track-type facilities (303) pass through crossbeam It is fixed on body set (301), support rail device (305) is located at body set (301) horizontal segment;Chain plate device (304) packet Chain (341) and carrier bar (342) are included, chain (341) is connected and fixed with carrier bar (342) with fastener (343), chain (341) branch It supports in track-type facilities (303);The head chain wheel device (302) includes driving shaft, and drive sprocket, tail portion are equipped on driving shaft Chain wheel device (306) includes driven shaft, and driven sprocket is equipped on driven shaft, and is provided with and adjusts chain plate device (304) tensioning The tension device of degree.
4. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as claimed in claim 3 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the track-type facilities (303), it along body set (301) length direction, is fixed on body set (301) with crossbeam, is used to support chain plate device (304), using light rail structure or riding wheel structure.
5. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as claimed in claim 3 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the support rail device (305), including nylon sheet and supporting beam, it is located at body set (301) horizontal segment, supporting beam is fixed on track-type facilities (303) cross Liang Shang, nylon sheet are fixed in supporting beam, as Auxiliary support, support chain plate device (304).
6. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as claimed in claim 3 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the chain (341) is Roller chain is supported in the track-type facilities (305) of light rail structure along body set (301));Or the chain (341) is ring Shape chain, including outer ring chain (3411), axis pin (3412), annular chain (3413), several outer ring chains (3411) It is spaced apart to be arranged in parallel two-by-two, it is connect with annular chain (3413) by axis pin (3412), the annular chain (3413) it is placed between two outer ring chains (3411) disposed in parallel, both ends are separately connected the outer ring chain at interval (3411);The track-type facilities (303) of riding wheel structure are supported in along body set (301).
7. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as described in claim 1 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the flat device (4) It moves in a circle, including driven end bearing block (401), roller device (402), transmission end bearing block (403), roller device (402) body set (301) medium position is fixed on by driven end bearing block (401), transmission end bearing block (403);Roll shaft Be provided with tool arm (4021) on device (402), adjacent tool arm is dislocation type arrangement, and between there are certain interval, roll shaft dresses It is opposite with the traffic direction of cane carrier (3) is assisted to set (402) lower rotation direction.
8. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as described in claim 1 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the material throws in bulk set (5) be at least arranged it is a set of, with flat device (4) use identical structure setting, move in a circle, top rotation direction with it is auxiliary Help the traffic direction of cane carrier (3) consistent;The exclusion device (6) be fixed slanted screen exclusion device (61), if it be by The sieve apparatus of certain grating (611) composition of dry spacing, the inside of auxiliary cane carrier (3) is fixed on by supporting beam, including Grating (611), the grating (611) are fixed in fixed plate (612), and the fixed plate (612) is connected with supporting beam;
Or the exclusion device (6) is scraper-type grating exclusion device (62), the scraper-type grating exclusion device (62) passes through Sprocket transmission device (621) inclination is installed on material and throws the lower section in bulk for setting (5), in the sprocket transmission device (621) one end Two level sieve plate exclusion device (622) is set comprising sieve plate, sieve plate use grating structure or mesh panels structure, the two level Sieve plate exclusion device (622) is inclined between scraper-type grating exclusion device (62) and main cane carrier (8), the scraper-type Grating exclusion device (62) includes chain scraper conveying device (623) and grating sieve apparatus (624), the chain scraper conveying Device (623) includes scraper plate (625) and ring seal chain, and several ring seal chains pass through bolt and several scraper plates (625) it is vertically fixedly connected, group circularizes transport system, the grating sieve plate dress together with the sprocket transmission device (621) It sets (624) both ends to be fixed on the auxiliary cane carrier (3), be placed among annular transport system, grating sieve apparatus (624) It is made of the certain grating of several spacing (626), including grating (626), the grating (626) is fixed in fixed plate, described Fixed plate is connected with supporting beam, and the supporting beam is fixed on auxiliary cane carrier (3), and the sprocket transmission device (621) is logical It crosses bearing block to be fixed on crossbeam, crossbeam is fixed on the column of auxiliary cane carrier (3);
Or the exclusion device (6) is oscillatory type grating exclusion device (63), be installed on material throw it is in bulk set below (5) with it is main Cane carrier (8) entrance is adjacent, including several gratings (631) are fixed in fixed plate (632), oscillatory type grating exclusion device (63) Both sides respectively setting 1 vibrating motor (633) and several spring assemblies (634) drive whole device vibration, the spring assembly (634) it is fixed on crossbeam (635), the crossbeam (635) is fixedly connected with auxiliary cane carrier column.
9. sugarcane raw material self-unloading transport system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that one end of the rack (101) is set It is equipped with gap bridge panel turnover device (109).
10. sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying as claimed in claim 8 and impurity removed system, which is characterized in that the fixed slanted screen Grating (611), the grating (626) in scraper-type grating exclusion device (62) and oscillatory type grating in exclusion device (61) remove Grating (631) in miscellaneous device (63) is wedge steel structure, and the spacing between adjacent two is 10~12mm.
CN201810524865.6A 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 A kind of sugarcane raw material self-unloading conveying and impurity removed system Pending CN108569574A (en)

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