CN108565990A - A kind of wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN108565990A CN108565990A CN201810618760.7A CN201810618760A CN108565990A CN 108565990 A CN108565990 A CN 108565990A CN 201810618760 A CN201810618760 A CN 201810618760A CN 108565990 A CN108565990 A CN 108565990A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H04B5/79—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wireless electric energy transmission devices with constant current output characteristic, inverter is designed using a kind of self-excitation inverter circuit, with auto-excitation type inverter circuit design scheme, driving certainly for switching tube can be achieved, eliminate additional PWM generator and driving circuit, it is simple in structure, resonant frequency following function can also be realized automatically simultaneously, and switching tube is operated in no-voltage and turns on and off under state, and loss is smaller, significantly reduces the complexity of inverter circuit.Using the EMR electromagnetic resonance system with constant current output characteristic, with EMR electromagnetic resonance system transmitting terminal using single capacitor shunt compensation topology, receiving terminal is using double capacitance series and parallel topologys, the constant current output that can realize wireless electric energy transmission device substantially under different load conditions using only 3 compensation capacitance elements, eliminates the addition of rear class DC/DC converters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless power transmission technical fields, are related to a kind of wireless power transmission with constant current output characteristic
A kind of device, and in particular to magnet coupled resonant type wireless power transfer with constant current output characteristic.
Background technology
Since second industrial revolution, human society enters Electrification Age, the greatly electricity to the various regions that spread all over the world
Net, high-voltage line, small to arrive various household electric appliances, the transmission of electric energy is mainly in direct contact biography by the point-to-point of plain conductor
It is defeated.This " wired " transmission mode brings many problems.Due to there is the problems such as friction, aging, in electric energy transmission process
It is easy to generate spark, and then influences service life and the Electrical Safety of electrical equipment[1].In addition, traditional corded power transmission side
Formula cannot meet the needs of some particular applications, as mine and water are medium.With the development of human social economy, various electricity
Sub- equipment is widely used in a variety of applications, but too many electric wire and socket is made troubles to people’s lives.In addition, implanting
Medical Devices it is long-term power supply also by replace battery there are big inconveniences;The development of electric vehicle is by high cost, height
The wired charging stake of maintainability and low reliability and be restricted.These problems are all calling a kind of electric energy being detached from plain conductor
Transmission mode, i.e. wireless power transmission.
At present according to transporting mechanism difference, wireless power transmission technology can be divided mainly into microwave type, field coupling formula, electromagnetism
Induction type and magnet coupled resonant type.The principle of microwave type is to replace conducting wire to carry out energy transmission using microbeam, but microwave exists
Loss is will produce when being transmitted in air, barrier cannot be passed through, and harmful, be not suitable for using in daily life.Electric field
Coupling formula wireless power transmission is that the wireless transmission of electric energy is realized using the field coupling effect of plate condenser.But plate condenser
Capacitance only have pF ranks, pole plate both ends to will produce high voltage, the high field between pole plate is harmful, in safety problem
In the case of unsolved, it is not suitable for using.Induction wireless power transmission is the electromagnetic induction principle using transformer
Energy transmission is carried out, (is less than 1cm) only under shorter distance, could realize that the electric energy of relatively high power and greater efficiency passes
Defeated, after distance increases, efficiency of transmission dramatic decrease can not live to people and bring improvement.And the nearly 2 years magnetic couplings risen
It is to utilize the electricity with identical resonance frequency, high quality factor using electromagnetic field as medium to close resonance type wireless electric energy transmission technology
Magnetic resonance system realizes the wireless transmission of electric energy in magnetic field based on resonance principle under conditions of weak coupling.Magnet coupled resonant type without
Line electric energy transmission technology is also known as magnetic resonance technology, collection electromagnetic field, microwave engineering, power electronics, Circuit theory, material science
It is a frontier of Now Domestic outer academia and industrial quarters exploratory development Deng in one.Magnet coupled resonant type wireless transmits
System capacity loss is smaller, and transmission range is big, is generally capable of up to 50cm or more, and transmitting coil and receiving coil is not required to have very
Strong corresponding position relationship allows the position offset of zone of reasonableness, energy transmission only to be carried out in resonator system, does not interfere with altogether
Other objects other than vibrating system, without worry foreign matter enter air gap cause damage and keep efficiency of transmission.
The high frequency inverter of magnet coupled resonant type wireless electric energy transmission system and the design of resonator system are key components.
Currently used high frequency electric source Main Basiss bridge type inverting power supply design, traditional bridge type inverting power supply is complicated, needs outer
Add PWM signal generator to realize the driving of switching tube, usually also needs to frequency tracking circuit and realize radio energy transmission system
Frequency-tracking function, inverter driving is complicated, and loss is larger, is usually applied to the high-power field of kilowatt rank,
The application effect in middle low power field is bad;For the electronic product for using electric energy, radio energy is required under some occasions
The electric current of the output of transmitting device is not change with the variation of load, that is, requires wireless electric energy transmission device different defeated
Go out under power condition (load changes), output current remains to keep constant, or only small variation, such as electric vehicle
Just there is constant-current charging phase in charging process.And most of wireless electric energy transmission device can not all realize different bear automatically at present
Constant pressure output under the conditions of load, but the form by the way that DC/DC converters are added in rear class realizes constant current output, is so
The complexity and cost of system improve, and efficiency reduces, and the wide input voltage range of DC/DC converters is also to its structure
Prodigious difficulty.
Invention content
Technical problems to be solved
In order to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes that a kind of radio energy with constant current output characteristic passes
Defeated device.
Technical solution
A kind of wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic, it is characterised in that including self-excitation inverter circuit, hair
Emitter, receiver and rectifier;The self-excitation inverter circuit includes two metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1And Q2, two inductive choke coil Lf1And Lf2、
Two diode D1And D2, the zener diode Dz-20V of two pressure resistance 20V, two pressure resistance 3.9V zener diode Dz-
3.9V, two capacitance Cp1And Cp2With 4 resistance Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd;Resistance RaWith RcSeries connection, resistance RcWith RdSeries connection, it is then in parallel
In power power-supply UdcBoth ends;Inductive choke coil Lf1With metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1Series connection, inductive choke coil Lf2With metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2Series connection, it is then in parallel
In driving power UdriveBoth ends;It is shunt regulator diode Dz-20V and zener diode between the poles G and the poles S of two metal-oxide-semiconductors
The series circuit of Dz-3.9V, two diode cathodes are opposite to connect;Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1Pass through capacitance Cp1It is connected to resistance RaWith RcIt
Between, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2Pass through capacitance Cp2It is connected to resistance RcWith RdBetween;Diode D1Negative terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1D extremely be connected, anode connect
It is connected to resistance RcWith RdBetween, diode D2Negative terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2D extremely be connected, anode is connected to resistance RaWith RbBetween;It is described
Transmitter is L1C1Antiresonant circuit, input terminal distinguishes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1The poles D and resistance RcWith RdBetween;The receiver is
Coil L2With capacitance C2After series connection with capacitance C3Parallel circuit, capacitance C3Both ends connect full-bridge rectifier DR1、DR2、DR3And DR4, whole
Stream output connection filter inductance LfWith filter capacitor CfFilter circuit, filtering output connection load;The Ra=RcLess than Rb=
Rd;The D1=D2;The capacitance Cp1=Cp2;The metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1=Q2;The inductive choke coil Lf1=Lf2;The driving electricity
Source UdriveLess than power power-supply Udc。
The Cp1And Cp2Capacitance be much larger than Q1And Q2Gate pole parasitic capacitance.
Relationship between the transmitter and receiver is:fsSelf-excitation inversion
The frequency of device.
The metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1And Q2Model C2M0040120D.
The diode D1And D2Model FR607.
The zener diode Dz-20V models 1n5335A of the pressure resistance 20V.
The model MBR20100 of four identical rectifier diodes of the full-bridge rectifier.
Advantageous effect
A kind of wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic proposed by the present invention, using a kind of self-excitation inversion electricity
Inverter is designed on road, with auto-excitation type inverter circuit design scheme, it can be achieved that driving certainly for switching tube, eliminates additional PWM
Generator and driving circuit, it is simple in structure, while resonant frequency following function can also be realized automatically, and also switching tube is operated in zero
Voltage turns on and off under state, and loss is smaller, significantly reduces the complexity of inverter circuit.Using with constant current output spy
Property EMR electromagnetic resonance system, with EMR electromagnetic resonance system transmitting terminal using single capacitor shunt compensation topology, receiving terminal is using double capacitances
Series and parallel topology, radio energy can be realized using only 3 compensation capacitance elements substantially under different load conditions
The constant current output of transmitting device eliminates the addition of rear class DC/DC converters.
Mainly there are two advantageous effects by the present invention:
1, inverter of the invention is realized from driving, and Sofe Switch is simple in structure.
2, output current of the invention is unrelated with load, has constant current output characteristic.
As shown in Fig. 3, in the outer driving circuit added, radio energy transmission system realizes switching tube
From driving, and work as driving voltage VdsWhen raising and lowering, switching tube drain-source voltage is 0V, that is, realizes zero electricity of switching tube
Pressure turns on and off, off-state voltage VdsValue be less than 0, that is, realize switching tube negative pressure shutdown.
As shown in Fig. 4, when load resistance changes to 15 Ω by 5 Ω, loading rate 200%, output current is only
2.562A, current changing rate 5% are changed to from 2.698A, it is believed that when load changes, the output current of system
It is held essentially constant, i.e., system has constant current output characteristic.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1:The circuit diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2:System equivalent circuit diagram
Fig. 3:Q1And Q2Simulation work oscillogram
Fig. 4:The simulation waveform that output current changes with load
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with embodiment, attached drawing, the invention will be further described:
Wireless electric energy transmission device circuit diagram with constant current output characteristic is as shown in Fig. 1, specifically includes:
(1) two-way input power interface, wherein being driving power U all the waydrive(22V), another way are power power-supply Udc
(36V);
(2) self-excitation inverter circuits, including 2 metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1And Q2;2 inductive choke coil Lf1And Lf2;4 resistance Ra
~Rd, meet R between resistance valuea=Rc=300 Ω, Rb=Rd=10k Ω;2 diode D1And D2, pressure is ideally connected
It is reduced to 0V;The zener diode Dz-20V of 2 pressure resistance 20V, prevents Q1And Q2By forward breakdown;Two pole of voltage stabilizing of 2 pressure resistance 3.9V
Pipe Dz-3.9V, prevent Q1And Q2It is reversed breakdown;Two capacitance Cp1And Cp2, realize switching tube Q1And Q2Negative pressure shutdown, wherein
Cp1And Cp2Capacitance be much larger than Q1And Q2Gate pole parasitic capacitance.
The operation principle of self-excitation inverter circuit is as follows:Inductive choke coil Lf1And Lf2It is sufficiently large, flow through Lf1And Lf2Electric current can be recognized
To be constant.Assuming that Q at the beginning1It is off state, Q2It is in the conduction state, then diode D1Shutdown, D2Conducting, inductance
Lf2Energy storage, inductance Lf1To L in parallel1C1Resonant network is powered, inductance L1With capacitance C1Between resonance, L1C1Resonant network quality
When factor is sufficiently high, C1Both ends resonance potential uabFor sine wave, frequency, that is, L of sine wave1C1The natural resonance frequency of resonant network
Rate.As voltage uabResonance is reduced to UdriveWhen neighbouring, diode D1It begins to turn on, with voltage uabFurther decrease, Q2Grid
Electrode potential can reduce to make Q2Amplification region is entered by conducting state.Once Q2Into amplification region, Q2Drain-source voltage be no longer
0V, through diode D2Voltage transmission effect, Q1Grid potential can increase to make Q1Amplification region is entered by off state, this
It is a positive feedback process, with voltage uabResonance is to 0V or so, Q2Off state, Q will be entered1It will conducting.Inductance L laterf1
Energy storage, inductance Lf2To L in parallel1C1Resonant network is powered, voltage uabReversed resonance, the course of work are similar with above-mentioned analysis.
Lf1And Lf2Presence make inverter circuit output have current source characteristic.Capacitance C1Both end voltage uabThat is inverter circuit
Output voltage.Actually system is by diode D1And D2To uabIt is sampled, then controls switching tube Q1And Q2Work
State, therefore the working frequency of switching tube depends on u alwaysabFrequency, to make the working frequency of inverter circuit follow always
The natural resonance frequency of laod network realizes the frequency-tracking function of system.L1C1The antiresonant circuit of composition be WPT
The transmitter of system, works as L1C1Antiresonant circuit quality factor it is higher when, voltage uabIt is believed that sinusoidal voltage, can indicate
For:
UabFor voltage uabVirtual value, f0For inverter working frequency.
To inductance Lf1Or Lf2Using weber theorem:
It can obtain:Voltage uabIt can be further represented as:
uab=π Udc sin(2πf0t)
(3) EMR electromagnetic resonance systems
EMR electromagnetic resonance system, which includes a transmitter and a receiver, transmitter, capacitance C1With transmitting coil L1Composition,
Receiver is by receiving coil L2With capacitance C2, C3Composition.
If the reverse frequency of inverter circuit is fs, resonator system satisfaction:
The operation principle of EMR electromagnetic resonance system is as follows:
Self-excitation inverter circuit is equivalent at AC power Uab, according to the low of switch in Circuit theory, the rectification of rear class fills
Setting can be equivalent at an alternating-current voltage source Um, transmitting coil and receiving coil mutual inductance are M, and the input AC electric current of rectifier is
Im.There are two power supplys in circuit, in order to analyze ImExpression formula, using superposition theorem.
As alternating-current voltage source UabWhen independent role, alternating-current voltage source UmShort circuit, if flowing through voltage source U at this timemPlace branch
Electric current be Im1
As alternating-current voltage source UmWhen independent role, alternating-current voltage source UabShort circuit, if flowing through voltage source U at this timemPlace branch
Electric current be Im2
Receiving coil L at this time2With capacitance C2, C3Parallel resonance, Im2=0.
According to superposition theorem,
The input AC electric current I of rectifiermExpression formula it is unrelated with load resistance.
(4) full-bridge rectifiers
Full-bridge rectifier includes DR1~DR4 totally 4 rectifier diodes, a filter inductance Lf, a filter capacitor Cf, with
An and load resistance RL.Full-bridge rectifier realizes the transformation of AC-to DC.
If the output current of rectification module is Io, IoAnd ImBetween meet:
The input AC electric current I of rectifiermMeet:
Simultaneous above-mentioned condition can obtain:
It is I according to output currentoExpression formula it is found that system transmission of electricity stream with load resistance RLIt is unrelated, when load changes
When, constant current output still may be implemented in system.
1 wireless electric energy transmission device core element simulation value of table
Specific implementation mode:
The present invention has two-way input power interface, wherein being driving power U all the waydrive=22V, another way are power power-supply
Udc=36V;
One self-excitation inverter circuit, including 2 identical metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1And Q2, model C2M0040120D;2 identical electricity
Feel choke coil Lf1And Lf2, Lf1=Lf2=220uH;4 resistance Ra~Rd, meet R between resistance valuea=Rc=300 Ω, Rb=Rd
=10k Ω;2 identical diode D1And D2, model FR607;The zener diode Dz-20V of 2 identical pressure resistance 20V,
Model 1n5357B;The zener diode Dz-3.9V, model 1n5335A of 2 identical pressure resistance 3.9V;Two same capacitances
Cp1And Cp2, Cp1=Cp2=100nF.
One EMR electromagnetic resonance system, which includes a transmitter and a receiver, transmitter, capacitance C1With transmitting coil L1
Composition, C1=300nF, L1=9uH;Receiver is by receiving coil L2With capacitance C2, C3Composition, L2=42uH, C2=C3=128nF.
Wherein capacitance C1, C2And C3For CBB electric capacity, transmitting coil L1With receiving coil L2By the litz wire coiling of 750 gangs of diameter 0.1mm.
One full-bridge rectifier includes DR1~DR4 totally 4 identical rectifier diodes, model MBR20100, a filter
Wave inductance Lf, Lf=2mH, a filter capacitor Cf, Cf=220uF and load resistance RL, RL=5 Ω.
After system is connected with the mains, the work of self-excitation inverter circuit, reverse frequency is identical as EMR electromagnetic resonance system operating frequency, leads to
It crosses magnetic coupling and energy is transmitted to receiving terminal by transmitting terminal, alternating current is changed by direct current by rectifier, realizes that direct current is defeated
Go out.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic, it is characterised in that including self-excitation inverter circuit, transmitting
Device, receiver and rectifier;The self-excitation inverter circuit includes two metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1And Q2, two inductive choke coil Lf1And Lf2, two
A diode D1And D2, the zener diode Dz-20V of two pressure resistance 20V, two pressure resistance 3.9V zener diode Dz-3.9V,
Two capacitance Cp1And Cp2With 4 resistance Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd;Resistance RaWith RcSeries connection, resistance RcWith RdSeries connection, is then parallel to power
Power supply UdcBoth ends;Inductive choke coil Lf1With metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1Series connection, inductive choke coil Lf2With metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2Series connection, is then parallel to driving
Power supply UdriveBoth ends;It is shunt regulator diode Dz-20V and zener diode Dz-3.9V between the poles G and the poles S of two metal-oxide-semiconductors
Series circuit, two diode cathodes are opposite to connect;Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1Pass through capacitance Cp1It is connected to resistance RaWith RcBetween, metal-oxide-semiconductor
Q2Pass through capacitance Cp2It is connected to resistance RcWith RdBetween;Diode D1Negative terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1D extremely be connected, anode is connected to resistance
RcWith RdBetween, diode D2Negative terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2D extremely be connected, anode is connected to resistance RaWith RbBetween;The transmitter is
L1C1Antiresonant circuit, input terminal distinguishes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1The poles D and resistance RcWith RdBetween;The receiver is coil L2With
Capacitance C2After series connection with capacitance C3Parallel circuit, capacitance C3Both ends connect full-bridge rectifier DR1、DR2、DR3And DR4, rectification output
Connect filter inductance LfWith filter capacitor CfFilter circuit, filtering output connection load;The Ra=RcLess than Rb=Rd;It is described
D1=D2;The capacitance Cp1=Cp2;The metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1=Q2;The inductive choke coil Lf1=Lf2;The driving power UdriveIt is small
In power power-supply Udc。
2. the wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The Cp1With
Cp2Capacitance be much larger than Q1And Q2Gate pole parasitic capacitance.
3. the wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The transmitting
Relationship between device and receiver is:fsFrom the frequency of exciting converter.
4. the wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The MOS
Pipe Q1And Q2Model C2M0040120D.
5. the wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Two pole
Pipe D1And D2Model FR607.
6. the wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The pressure resistance
The zener diode Dz-20V models 1n5335A of 20V.
7. the wireless electric energy transmission device with constant current output characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The full-bridge
The model MBR20100 of four identical rectifier diodes of rectifier.
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CN110176811A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-27 | 天津大学 | Numerically controlled self-resonance, super-silent wireless power supply system |
CN112332505A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 青岛大学 | Single-tube inversion constant-current and constant-voltage wireless charging device and method |
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