CN108564209A - A kind of urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method and system - Google Patents
A kind of urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method and systems.The urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method of the present invention can be according to the line condition of urban track traffic, given starting scheme drawing speed car service chart, and the conflict between speed car is handled, ensure the feasibility of service chart, while providing service chart index of correlation.And optimization service chart scheme is provided under the premise of ensureing that service chart is legal feasible, shortens the slow train dwell time, improves service quality, the application for speed car operation mode provides technical support.Corresponding system is developed simultaneously, and guiding user completes the input of basic data, and is shown in forms, and user is facilitated to confirm and change data；Drawing program is run after determining data, completes the drawing of service chart, while exporting visualization operation map file and specific data file, conveniently and efficiently generates speed car service chart.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to urban track traffics to run field.It is transported more particularly, to a kind of urban track traffic speed car
Row figure optimization method and system.
Background technology
Urban track traffic has become the important component of Traffic Systems, with the continuous expansion of city size
Greatly, the suburbs track circuit of connection downtown area and suburbs and counties under the jurisdiction of a large city of periphery city has become a part for City Rail Transit System.
Most suburbs track circuits are longer, and stop that station quantity is more on the way, in order to meet early evening peak commute passenger flow commuting when
Between require, urban start on the line of suburbs use speed car operation mode.It is existing establishment urban rail service chart method and
System stops operation mode primarily directed to station station, existing since speed car operation is related to overtaking and the evacuation of express and slow train
Service chart drawing method and system can not complete speed car service chart drawing, and manual drawing service chart, not only heavy workload
It is susceptible to mistake, and the difficulty for adjusting and changing is big, is unfavorable for the planning and adjustment of speed car Management plan.
In order to ensure that speed car operation mode is smoothly started, improves speed car and run flexibility, while optimizing speed car fortune
Row figure, improves road, it is necessary to develop a kind of urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method and system.
On the basis of existing service chart drawing theoretical method, stops and wait for for the express overtaking and slow train occurred in speed car service chart
The case where keeping away, drawing go out to meet the feasible service chart of signal system limitation, and on the basis of feasible service chart, to service chart
It optimizes, reduces stopping the time to be avoided for slow train, reliable technology is provided for the planning and application of speed car operation mode
It supports.
In the research of existing city rail service chart drawing problem, mainly according to traditional-handwork drawing service chart
Empirical method carries out system development with step, and have mature system in practical application uses for operation enterprise, can be according to given
Track data and signal data provide satisfactory route map of train in conjunction with the motion time data of train.The above method
Although can solve the problems, such as the service chart of most cities rail traffic with system, but there are the following problems：(1) speed car runs mould
Under formula, since express travelling speed is very fast, and at part station by not parking, service chart becomes non-parallel from parallel train diagram
Service chart, existing service chart drawing system cannot still handle such situation.(2) in order to not influence express run time, express needs
Overtaking is carried out to preamble slow train at suitable station, less for the research of overtaking action at present, existing system can not be located
Manage overtaking action.(3) under speed car operational mode, vehicle is not dispatched a car according to minimum interval, the time of departure, the when of stopping of train
Between, motion time etc. have the space of adjustment, currently, the optimization method research to speed car service chart is less.
In recent years, with the development of rail traffic, passenger is on the basis of meeting access gradually to overall trip speed kimonos
More stringent requirements are proposed for quality of being engaged in.The travelling speed for the express that speed car operation mode is improved express in such a way that station is run
Degree, but opposite, needing to increase the additional dwell time when slow train is by express overtaking is avoided, and travelling speed reduces, service
Quality is affected.How on the basis of ensureing express travelling speed, reduces the influence to slow train to the greatest extent, optimize its service
Quality, presently relevant research and optimization method are less.
In summary, it is necessary to a kind of optimization method of urban track traffic speed car service chart is developed, to shorten slow train
It time to be avoided, improves service quality, the application for speed car operation mode provides reference and foundation.
Invention content
In order to solve the technical issues of at least one above-mentioned, it is excellent that the present invention provides a kind of urban track traffic speed car operation
Change method and system, it is based on existing city rail service chart drawing method, in conjunction with urban track traffic speed car operation
Mode feature analyzes speed car overtaking pattern and Conflict resolution method, drawing is legal according to city rail circuit and signal characteristic
Speed car service chart, and for speed car operation mode carry out service chart adjustment and optimization, be speed car operation mode
Application strong technical support is provided.The present invention can not drawing speed car in order to solve existing service chart drawing method and system
Service chart and manual drawing service chart heavy workload and the problems such as be difficult to change, the technical solution thinking used for：Parallel
On the basis of service chart drawing method, drawing speed car service chart according to a certain percentage, and discongest the conflict occurred between train.Tool
For body, service chart drawing method of the invention is with the track data, train operating data and starting scheme data that input
The operation line of ratio and peak hour departure frequency, drawing uniform first and fixed each row express is started on basis according to speed car,
Then, one group of slow train in the adjacent express interval of drawing, and judge whether speed car interval meets signal system during drawing
The requirement of system, the station that search has overtaking condition if clashing carry out Conflict resolution；After the drawing for completing one group of slow train,
This group of slow train of translation is replicated to next express interval, while judging whether clashed between slow train and slow train, if rushing
Prominent then trial is discongested, and is discongested and is successfully then completed service chart drawing and export；It discongests failure and then returns and re-search for feasible combination, directly
To finding feasible combination or can not continue search for.Finally, on the basis of the feasible route map of train of generation, the operation to slow train
It is optimized with the dwell time, shortens the parking time to be avoided of slow train, improve the ride experience of passenger.The present invention can be given
The service chart under Current protocols is provided under conditions of input data, in the short time, and counts related operation data and evaluation refers to
Mark, decision support is provided for speed car starting scheme.
In order to achieve the goal above, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method, this method comprises the following steps：
The input and arrangement of S1, track data, train operating data and starting scheme data；
S2, according to the input data in S1, the express service chart of uniform drawing peak hour；
S3, according to the input data and the express service chart that paints of S2 middle berths in S1, first express interval of drawing
Interior slow train service chart, and discongest the conflict between speed car；Preliminary express and local train is determined if discongesting successfully；If cannot dredge
Xie Ze changes the slow train time of departure and continues drawing slow train service chart；
S4, it replicates in the slow train service chart to adjacent express interval of S3 institutes drawing, and discongests the conflict between slow train, if complete
At discongesting, feasible express and local train is exported, returning to S3 if it can not discongest continues search for feasible combination；
S5, on the basis of feasible express and local train, optimize the overtaking time to be avoided of slow train, generate optimization speed car group
It closes；
S6, the feasible express and local train of translation and optimization express and local train, generate corresponding hour service chart；Two fortune of statistics
The index of correlation of row figure, output data file complete service chart drawing.
Further, the S1 is specifically included：
S101, it data or is directly inputted by reading in, obtains the station between circuit station quantity, each station station name, each station
Spacing, and corresponding speed car run time；
S102, it data or is directly inputted by reading in, obtains express and stop scheme, each train operation cross-channel, slow train each
The dwell time stood.
Further, the S2 is specifically included：
S201, it reads express and stops scheme, read or extrapolate the time that express is run in each section；
S202, according to peak hour departure frequency and speed car ratio, calculate the hair of each row express in the peak hour
The vehicle time generates express according to the time of departure and arrives hair time, and locking data at each station.
Further, the S3 is specifically included：
S301, on the basis of the first row express time of departure, be not more than the average departure interval, not less than station minimum send out
Workshop every interval uniformly place each row slow train；
S302, for each column slow train, since the starting station to terminus drawing respectively station between service chart, calculate for each
Express stop to interval and hair hair interval or for express by station to logical interval and logical hair interval, if meeting most
It is closely-spaced, then continue drawing slow train service chart；If not satisfied, then carrying out S303；
S303, the slow train for being unsatisfactory for minimum interval, since clashing station to the starting station search for overtaking station into
Row overtaking；The specific method of the overtaking is to extend slow train in the dwell time at the station, until meeting minimum logical hair interval, simultaneously
Correct slow train follow-up operation line.
Preferably, it includes having overtaking condition and slow train between satisfaction minimum of logical time that overtaking station, which needs the condition met,
Every.
Further, the S4 is specifically included：
S401, the slow train service chart for choosing S3 institutes drawing, replicate and move in next adjacent express interval, note translation
All slow trains afterwards combine for new slow train；
S402, calculate the combination of new slow train combine with former slow train between each station be spaced to interval and hair hair, if there is vehicle
Station is unsatisfactory for minimum interval, then is discongested by increasing the dwell time of slow train in new slow train combination, if can not discongest, returned
S3 regenerates slow train combination；
S403, calculate in the combination of new slow train between slow train two-by-two to interval and hair hair interval, adjusted if clashing
The whole dwell time by latter row slow train discongests, if can not discongest, returns to S3 and regenerates slow train combination；If discongesting into
Work(then generates feasible express and local train.
Further, the S5 is specifically included：
S501, it last row slow train, by the method for translation operation line to the right, is delayed since feasible express and local train
The slow train time of departure shortens slow train and stops the evacuation time；
S502, check that each overtaking action extends slow train if overtaking avoids the time still greater than the minimum overtaking stand-by period
Run time in former and later two sections of overtaking station so that slow train is equal to minimum at the station to logical time and Tong Fa times
Interval time further shortens it and stops the time to be avoided.
Further, the S6 is specifically included：
S601, the optimization express and local train generated according to the S4 feasible express and local trains generated and S5, replicate translation life
At the entire run figure of peak hour；
S602, the run time index for calculating each train, generate the AutoCAD script files of legal format, call
AutoCAD draws visualization service chart.
The present invention also provides the automatic drawing systems of urban track traffic speed car service chart of the achievable above method, this is
System includes：
Data input module, the data file for inputting or importing reference format；
Express and local train generation module, for being given birth to according to the uniform drawing express service chart of data presented and express and local train
At module, it is used for drawing slow train service chart, and discongest conflicting between express and slow train, generates preliminary express and local train；
All slow train duplications in preliminary express and local train are moved to next express area by express and local train translation module
Between, and the conflict between slow train is discongested, generate feasible express and local train；
Express and local train optimization module is based on feasible express and local train, optimizes the overtaking time to be avoided of slow train, generates optimization
Express and local train；
Service chart output module, according to the feasible express and local train of generation and optimization express and local train, shift copy drawing
Peak hour service chart, and image conversion service chart statistical indicator related to output.
Preferably, the data input module includes track data input module and starting scheme input module.
Preferably, the express and local train generation module includes express drawing submodule and slow train drawing submodule.
Preferably, the express and local train translation module includes slow train translation submodule and slow train Conflict resolution submodule.
Preferably, the express and local train optimization module includes changing time of departure submodule and change section run time
Submodule；
Preferably, the service chart output module includes peak hour service chart output module, script generation module and fortune
Row figure print module.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method of the present invention can be according to the circuit item of urban track traffic
Part, given starting scheme drawing speed car service chart, and the conflict between speed car is handled, ensure the feasibility of service chart,
Provide service chart index of correlation simultaneously.And optimization service chart scheme, contracting are provided under the premise of ensureing that service chart is legal feasible
It the short slow train dwell time, improves service quality, the application for speed car operation mode provides technical support.It develops simultaneously
Windows forms programs, guiding user complete the input of basic data, and are shown in forms, and user is facilitated to confirm and change
Data；It determines and runs drawing program after data, complete the drawing of service chart, while exporting visualization operation map file and specific
Data file conveniently and efficiently generates speed car service chart.
Description of the drawings
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is express and local train drawing flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is slow train drawing of the present invention and overtaking flow chart.
Fig. 3 is speed car translation module flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention shortens time diagram to be avoided by postponing the time of departure.
Fig. 5 is that the present invention shortens time diagram to be avoided by reducing the section speed of service.
Fig. 6 is that slow train of the present invention runs line range of translation schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is service chart automatic creation system frame diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is that interface schematic diagram is arranged in starting scheme of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is slow train drawing module flow diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is present invention combination translation module flow chart.
Figure 11 is peak hour service chart of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, with reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention is described further.Ability
Field technique personnel should be appreciated that following specifically described content is illustrative and be not restrictive, this should not be limited with this
The protection domain of invention.
The present invention is a kind of urban track traffic speed car running optimizatin method and system, it is run with existing city rail
It is special according to city rail circuit and signal in conjunction with urban track traffic speed car operation mode feature based on figure drawing method
Point, speed car overtaking pattern of analyzing and researching and Conflict resolution, the legal speed car service chart of drawing, and it is directed to speed car operation
Pattern carries out the adjustment and optimization of service chart, and strong technical support is provided for the application of speed car operation mode.
Urban track traffic is due to the features such as its departure frequency is high, cross-channel type is few, station spacing is short, to urban track traffic
Operation graph model generally use cycling service graph model establish, that is, refer in section T of each cycle time, train path
The essentially identical operation chart-pattern of drawing mode.Further, since in speed car operation mode, there are expresses to get over slow train
Market condition, while also leading to the uneven to the vehicle time of each station, it is therefore necessary to it is directed to the operation of speed car operation mode
Figure establishes model.
It is as follows to build symbol definition used when urban track traffic speed car operation graph model：
T --- service chart works out the period；
Gather at P --- station；
M --- train set；
--- decision variable indicates that train i gets to the station time of s；
--- decision variable indicates that train i leaves the time of station s；
--- decision variable indicates that train i leaves the time of initiating station b；
--- decision variable indicates that train i reaches terminal time of e；
--- indicate the time that train i is run between s and s+1 AT STATION；
--- indicate the minimum and maximum time restriction run between s and s+1 AT STATION；
wi,s--- indicate the down time of train i s AT STATION；
xs--- the property shown variable, if station s has overtaking condition, xs=1, it is otherwise 0；
yi,s--- the property shown variable, if s's train i stops AT STATION, yi,s=1, it is otherwise 0；
--- indicate the most short and longest time restriction of s parkings AT STATION；
--- the minimum of station s is to interval；
--- the minimum hair hair interval of station s；
fmin、fmax--- the departure frequency of minimum and maximum.
In view of the requirement of vehicle operational efficiency, line capacity is maximally utilized, hourage is reduced, when with vehicle journeys
Between minimum establish object function, expression formula is as follows：
Run graph model constraint mainly include train running speed constraint, constraint of stopping, overtaking constraint, departure frequency about
Beam, first hair arrives first constraint etc..Its expression formula is as follows：
Formula (1) and formula (2) illustrate the relationship between train interval run time and dwell time and decision variable.Formula
(3) it is the constraint of vehicle dwell time bound, s is constrained to workshop every with the departure interval AT STATION for train for formula (4) and (5),
Wherein specifically whether interval numerical value stops decision AT STATION according to express；Formula (6) is vehicle above and below the speed of service of section
Limit constraint；Formula (7) is that departure interval bound of the train at the starting station constrains；Formula (8) is that first hair arrives first constraint in section, is ensured
Overtaking does not occur in section for train；Formula (9) is decision variable nonnegativity restrictions.
So far, speed car service chart model foundation.
The model solution difficulty established is larger, and traditional linear optimization method is difficult to acquire feasible solution, therefore, in conjunction with
The method and correlation experience of speed car feature and hand weaving service chart, the present invention establish the feasible fortune of a set of solution speed car
Capable method is used for solving model feasible solution, and can optimize service chart to a certain extent.
The method of the present invention includes mainly following steps：
Step 1：The input and processing of track data and starting scheme data.
Need to read in the Various types of data and starting scheme of institute's drawing circuit before drawing service chart, and to data at
Reason.The meaning of the step is to provide necessary data for subsequent service chart drawing step.
The particular content that data are read in is as follows：
1) track data is read in.Track data includes circuit bus loading zone quantity, the station name at each station, station spacing, selected
Motion time etc. between the standard station of train enters in next step after confirmation is errorless, automatically processes from the background and preserve track data.
2) starting scheme data are read in.Speed car, which is read in, based on track data starts ratio, peak hour departure frequency, each
The scheme that stops of train starts cross-channel and dwell time, also needs to whether selection branch line is independently transported for the circuit of Y molded line
Battalion.Confirm it is errorless after import data to backstage, proceed by calculating and the drawing of service chart.
Step 2：The data read according to step 1, the express service chart in the uniform drawing peak hour.
According to departure frequency per hour and speed car ratio, the time of departure of the express within the peak hour, root are calculated
According to run time, the scheme that stops and dwell time between the station of express, drawing simultaneously locks express service chart.The meaning of the step is
It determines express service chart, ensures operational efficiency of the express in the case where speed car starts pattern, and carry for drawing slow train service chart below
For reference.
Step 3：The express service chart of the data and step 2 institute drawing read according to step 1, the preliminary speed of drawing
Vehicle combined running figure.
This step is by done site by site drawing slow train and discongests the method to conflict between express and slow train, the preliminary speed car group of drawing
It closes.The meaning of the step is to primarily determine that express and local train, express and local train include a row express and subsequent N row slow train
(N is that speed car starts ratio), is the operation for producing the peak hour by shift copy after generating legal express and local train
Figure.
The preliminary express and local train step particular content of drawing is as follows：
1) ratio and departure frequency are started according to speed car, determines the time of departure of slow train；
2) successively according to the slow train time of departure, the service chart of each row slow train of drawing successively from back to front, as shown in Fig. 1.
3) in each row slow train of drawing, according to the slow train drawing flow chart provided in attached drawing 2, drawing slow train service chart is simultaneously
Conflict is discongested, if drawing success, obtains the service chart of a row slow train, otherwise report an error, returns and changes the continuation of the slow train time of departure
Generating run figure.
Step 4：Translation is replicated according to the good express and local train of step 3 drawing, while discongesting the conflict between slow train.
The only preliminary express and local train that step 3 generates, the combination can ensure not rush between slow train and express
It is prominent, but due to the overtaking of slow train action to be avoided, the dwell time increases so that the interval time of slow train to be avoided and its next slow train
Shorten, the tracking interval between two vehicles may be less than minimum tracking interval, and therefore, it is necessary to be examined by replicating translation operation figure
It looks between slow train and whether clashes, and attempt to be discongested.
Translation express and local train and the conflict discongested between slow train are as follows：
1) all slow trains in combination are moved in next express interval, keeps opposite between speed car, slow train
It is spaced constant.
2) flow is translated and discongested according to the slow train provided in attached drawing 3, checks the conflict of all slow trains after translation, and is tasted
Examination is discongested.
3) it checks whether the service chart after discongesting has with express to conflict, being combined as after determination translates if Lothrus apterus is feasible
Express and local train；Return to step three continues search for express and local train if having conflict.
Step 5：On the basis of step 4 generates feasible service chart, optimize each overtaking time to be avoided, generates optimization
Express and local train.
The service chart that step 4 is generated is feasible service chart under the conditions of not changing the time of departure and running interval, energy
Ensure that service chart is feasible, but be likely to result in the slow train overlong time to be avoided in overtaking station, causes service level to decline, cause
Passenger is discontented, it is therefore desirable on the basis of feasible service chart, reduce the time to be avoided of slow train to the greatest extent by some technological means.
Optimization is the step of overtaking time to be avoided：
1) as shown in Fig. 4, using optimization method one, slow train dwell time and section run time are not changed, by prolonging
The slow train time of departure shortens its overtaking time to be avoided afterwards；
2) speed of service of the vehicle in target interval as shown in Fig. 5, is reduced using optimization method two, makes train at this
The run time in section increases, covert to shorten the time to be avoided of stopping, although this method cannot shorten the hourage of slow train,
The impatient discontented mood that passenger waits for parking AT STATION can be alleviated.
Step 6：Feasible express and local train and optimization express and local train are translated, peak hour speed car service chart is generated, and
Output visualization service chart and corresponding index parameter.
The express and local train generated by step 4 and step 5 is not also complete hour service chart, is needed by multiple
The peaceful colonization of system is at peak hour service chart.Also, present service chart is also the arriving and leaving moment table of each train, and readability is not
It is good, the image conversion for carrying out service chart is needed, also needs to count corresponding service chart index in addition, completes the drawing work of service chart
Make.
The particular content of step 6 is：
1) the feasible express and local train and optimization express and local train that shift copy generates generate the peak hour to a hour
Service chart.
2) .scr files are generated, while it is small to calculate peak according to the syntax rule of CAD scripts according to the service chart of generation
When service chart in station stand-by period per the run time of train, after overtaking station location, overtaking stand-by period and adjustment, and
It is output in Excel tables to store and to analyze.
Above-mentioned steps three and step 5 are the cores of this method, to drawing slow train service chart in step 3 and are discongested below
Service chart optimization method is further described in the method and process and step 5 of conflict.
In the step 3, slow train drawing and discongests conflict the specific method is as follows：
Slow train due to station station parking, compared to express across station operation for, increase each station dwell time and by
The start-stop additional time caused by parking and restarting, therefore, slow train can be caught up with over time by the express of rear hair, hair
Raw conflict needs to carry out overtaking to slow train to discongest conflict.
Since to start speed car its maximum speed equal for city rail, station spacing generally also in several kilometers, and due to
Evacuation line can not be arranged in condition limitation in section in most cases, therefore section overtaking seldom occurs in urban track traffic
The case where.Most overtaking occur AT STATION, i.e., station track to be arranged AT STATION, stops to receive or discharge passengers for slow train, while express is sailed from main track
Station is crossed, the basic step of station overtaking is as follows：
1) station section is driven into slow train deceleration, is parked on side line (or main track), enabling on-board and off-board；
2) after slow train comes to a complete stop, by centainly arriving logical interval time TTo logicalAfterwards, express crosses station from main track (or side line)；
3) after express crosses station, using a logical hair interval time TLogical hair, slow train dispatches a car, and sails out of station, express is complete
At overtaking.
By analyzing overtaking action, it can be seen that slow train is T in overtaking station total parking time to be avoidedTo logical+TLogical hair, spreading
When drawing service chart, the two interval times all need to meet the constraint of signal conditioning, i.e., minimum logical to logical spacing constraint and minimum
Send out spacing constraint, and during drawing service chart, the processing mode of different situations also differs, discuss separately below this two
The disposition of a interval time.
(1) logical interval time is arrived：It is the foundation for judging whether slow train and express clash to logical interval time.According to vehicle
The difference for property of standing, the standard clashed is also different, is divided into two kinds of situation discussion here.
1) this station is slow train station, and express is by not parking, then minimum to logical interval time takes 60s；
2) this station is express bus stop, and express stops, then the minimum minimum workshop of arriving in logical interval time pick-up station of arriving is every 120s.
After clashing, which can not carry out overtaking, it is necessary to which the station before the station carries out overtaking.Therefore from
The station starts to search for the station for having overtaking condition forward, selectes the station for carrying out overtaking.Overtaking station need to have side line, and
It is not express stop.
In addition, when due to drawing express and local train, the down time of slow train and section run time are fixed from change, because
Can not changing to logical interval time for this overtaking station, can only be adjusted in subsequent service chart Optimization Steps.
(2) lead to hair interval time：When due to drawing speed car service chart, slow train section run time and dwell time are solid
It is fixed unmodifiable, by slow train after the logical hair interval time continuation drawing overtaking of minimum after express passes through, it is likely to result in tight
Adjacent express stop be unsatisfactory for station minimum to workshop every.Therefore, in order to ensure the feasibility of service chart, after express passes through
The slow train time of departure needs to determine by following steps：
1) nearest express bus stop after overtaking station is found, express arrival time is based on, is arrived at a station interval according to station minimum backward
(usually taking 120s) sets virtual slow train arrival time TVirtually；
2) from express bus stop to overtaking station, the run time according to each section of slow train and dwell time, with TVirtuallyOn the basis of,
Reversed examination drawing slow train service chart is calculated in overtaking station to logical interval time T1；
3) compare T1With minimum to logical interval time(usually taking 60s), wherein the greater are determined as in the overtaking station
To logical interval time.
After overtaking processing being carried out by above method to slow train, it is ensured that will not be rushed between express and slow train
It is prominent, and the logical hair interval time due to act to each overtaking take the minimum time for meeting interval, if not changing when stopping
Between and section run time, the program be also the scheme of the time minimum to be avoided under current departure frequency.
In the step 5, foundation and the specific method is as follows that speed car service chart optimizes：
In the good feasible speed car service chart of drawing, all conflicts between train the preamble the step of in quilt
It discongests and finishes, but since departure frequency is less than the maximum departure frequency of circuit, line capacity is also vacant, often slow train arrival is got over
It is not shortest interval apart from express arrival time, there are adjustment spaces when row station.Therefore each row slow train is in tours start here to quilt
Section between overtaking station translates slow train part in the space and runs line there is also having to the left or to the space of right translation
(changing the slow train time of departure), will not clash, and will not generate shadow to sort run line after slow train and other operation lines
It rings.As shown in Figure 6.
From fig. 6 it can be seen that the range of slow train translation is mainly limited by the departure interval that is most short between each station,
Wherein range from slow train to left, major limitation be between slow train station minimum to the departure interval；And to the range of right translation,
It is then related with postorder slow train and express, it needs to calculate station each of before overtaking station, in conjunction with the scheme that stops of express, obtain
To specific range.
According to the object function of model, the target to service chart optimization is therefore the total run time of reduction train obtains
The optimization method of the line of translation operation to the right of speed car service chart, i.e. optimization method one, this method can shorten the total of slow train
Run time, while the service chart of other trains will not be influenced.
Further, since slow train is that follow-up express and slow train codetermine to the range of right translation, if first by target slow train
Follow-up slow train service chart moves to right, then calculates range of the target slow train to right translation, then can increase translation to a certain extent
Range.Therefore, the specific steps of optimization method one are obtained.
(1) by slow train in combination according to priority of dispatching a car, number consecutively 1,2 ... N；
(2) since slow train N forward, it is sequentially adjusted in each row slow train time of departure；
(3) slow train adjusted to selected needs calculates target from the starting station to it by the station of overtaking at each station
The interval time (arriving to time and Fa Fa times) of slow train and its next train, and two vehicles are subtracted at the minimum interval at the station
Between, the translational movement to the right as target slow train at the station；
(4) minimum value in all translational movements to the right of standing is taken, as the Final Translation amount of target slow train, to right translation target
Slow train, completes the adjustment of target slow train, and updates existing operation diagram data；
(5) on service chart in the updated, other slow trains are continued with, until having translated slow train 1, one knot of optimization method
Beam.
Optimization method one is excellent to a certain extent on the basis of not changing train dwelling time and section motion time
Slow train is changed in the waiting evacuation time of overtaking station and the total run time of slow train, has been relatively effective optimization method, needs
It is preferential to execute.
After completing optimization method one, not by the method for translation operation line (i.e. fixed train interval motion time)
It can be further continued for optimization service chart, but the evacuation time of stopping of part overtaking station remains unchanged more than minimum interval, also continues
The possibility of optimization needs to consider that other method optimizes at this time.
From the viewpoint of passenger experiences by bus, if train down time in station is long, it is easy to appear cokes by passenger
The negative emotions such as worry, uneasy, indignant cause the discontented of passenger and complain, while also working the organization and management of passenger and increasing
Difficulty, opposite, for train section is run when, passenger flows very little, while also to the perception of time so quick
Sense.Therefore, optimization method two is using the speed of service, the method for extension run time of the train in section is reduced, by stopping for script
Stand evacuation the time be transferred to train on the time that section is run, on the one hand can reduce the stand-by period of passenger AT STATION, carry
On the other hand high passenger satisfaction can reduce the operation energy consumption of train.
Optimization method two is as follows：
(1) check all overtaking station in service chart, if the dwell time of overtaking station slow train still greater than minimum interval of stopping,
Then the slow train at the station is optimized；
(2) on the basis of arrival time (time departure) by express in overtaking station, subtract forward it is minimum to logical interval, backward
In addition minimum logical hair interval, obtains slow train and arrives and departs from the time at the station；
(3) slow train is calculated more in the time of departure at the previous station of overtaking station and the arrival time at latter station according to slow train
The run time in former and later two sections of row station, it is counter to release the corresponding speed of service (be realized by ATO).
(4) according to the method described above, all overtaking stations have been handled, final optimization service chart is obtained.
Since this method is in addition to changing slow train in the arrival of overtaking station and other than the time of departure, do not arrived to what other were respectively stood
The time of departure has an impact, in addition, minimum tracking interval of the train when section is run is usually all smaller than the departure interval at station,
Usually in the level of 30~40s, and the departure interval minimum at station is also in 60s or more, therefore passes through the adjustment fortune of optimization method two
Row figure will not cause the conflict of vehicle, on the service chart of other trains without influence.
Particularly, if the run time between adjustment back zone is long, the range of adjustment can be expanded to 2 to 3 sections, it will
Down time more than needed is assigned on each section, while in order to ensure that the vehicle dwell time is constant, needing to adjust train arrival vehicle
The time stood.Because have adjusted train AT STATION to hair the time, need after the adjustment, check train whether sent out with preamble train
Raw conflict, needs to readjust prioritization scheme if clashing, until meeting constraint.
In actual optimization process, optimization method one is used first, and whole processing is carried out as unit of a row slow train,
Do not change run time and dwell time, then reuse optimization method two, the optimization of part is carried out for each overtaking station, it is complete
At the optimization of service chart.After being handled by this optimization method, it can ensure substantially under current overtaking scheme, each overtaking station is slow
The time to be avoided of vehicle is all reduced to minimum interval.
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic creation systems of city rail speed car service chart.The system includes data input mould
Block, express and local train generation module, express and local train translation module, express and local train optimization module and service chart output module,
System framework is as shown in Figure 7.
Data input module：The module includes track data input module and starting scheme input module.Due to service chart
Data needed for drawing are more, and flexibility is big, so needing to sequentially input required data by several steps, for service chart below
Calculating provide basic data.
Since the data of input include track data, train operating data and starting scheme data, and track data is out
The basis of row scheme, so needing to input and handle well track data before inputting starting scheme data, so that operating personnel are defeated
Enter and checking data.Simultaneously as the quantity of input data is more, and limits with certain rule, partial data need to use text
Part is unified to read in, and needs the judgement of data feasibility.Close friend in view of system interface and operability, this system make
The exploitation that data input module is carried out with Visual Studio softwares guides user input data or reading using progressive window
Data file is taken, while validity decision is carried out to data, user is prompted to check and change.
Specific data input includes two parts of incoming line data and input starting scheme data, track data input packet
Two progressive windows are included, window one reads in circuit station quantity, including main line quantity and branch line quantity, or by reading in standard
Data file reads corresponding data, confirms errorless rear into window two；Window two is generated and is corresponded to according to determining station quantity
The input frame of quantity, the station spacing between prompting the station name for inputting each station and often standing, and check that the data of input are
Whether no complete and type is effective, errorless rear all track datas of storage is confirmed, into starting scheme importation.The side of starting
Case importation includes a window, needs user that speed car is selected to start ratio, input hour departure frequency, each train dwelling
Whether scheme, train operation route and two branch lines penetrate through operation etc., also need to user in addition and input what speed car between each station was run
Time, user can input required data by way of being manually entered or reading file, and system can check the data of input
It is whether complete effective, and pass through dialog box and prompt user's modification；Enter express and local train drawing mould after user's confirmation input data
Block.The pattern of starting scheme input window is as shown in Figure 8.
Express and local train generation module：The module is according to the uniform drawing express service chart of data presented and express and local train
Generation module is used for drawing slow train service chart, and discongests conflicting between express and slow train, generates preliminary express and local train；
The module can attempt the preliminary express and local train of drawing according to the different speed car time of departure, if unsuccessful,
Error value is returned to, if drawing success, exports preliminary express and local train, which can guarantee and do not rushed between express and slow train
It is prominent.It includes two submodules to combine drawing module, is express drawing submodule and slow train drawing submodule respectively.
1) express drawing submodule is responsible for uniformly arranging the express hair in the peak hour according to starting scheme and departure frequency
The vehicle time, and according to the time of departure and starting scheme, all expresses in the done site by site drawing peak hour run line, are next
Slow train service chart drawing refers to.
2) slow train drawing submodule was responsible for according to the slow train time of departure and dwell time, the service chart of one row slow train of drawing,
And discongest conflicting between the train and express.Slow train drawing submodule flow is as shown in Figure 9.Specifically, to each row
Slow train according to run time between station and each station down time done site by site drawing service chart, while checking that the row are slow since tours start here
Whether vehicle meets minimal separation constraint with postorder express to hair interval, and feasible overtaking station is searched for if being unsatisfactory for and carries out overtaking,
Error value is returned if it can not search out feasible overtaking station, terminates the drawing of the row slow train；If overtaking success or Lothrus apterus,
Continue drawing, until terminus.
Express and local train translation module：The module moves to all slow train duplications in preliminary express and local train next fast
Vehicle section, and the conflict that may occur between slow train is discongested, generate feasible express and local train.
The module flow diagram is as shown in Figure 10.Since slow train is during overtaking is to be avoided, the dwell time increase, cause with
The departure interval of next slow train may be unsatisfactory for the minimum departure interval, and this kind of conflict can not be checked and be arranged in speed car module
It removes, needs to be checked and discongested by translating combination.Combination translation and the specific process of Conflict resolution are as follows：
1) according to the time of departure of slow train in combination, it is 1,2 to be numbered respectively to slow train from front to back ..., N；
2) in shift copy slow train 1 to next express interval, kept for the time of departure at its time of departure and follow-up express
Relative position it is constant, search for whether the row slow train clashes with existing express and slow train.Increase slow train 1 if clashing
Dwell time at conflict station attempts to discongest conflict, if Lothrus apterus or discongesting success, next column slow train is continued with, if rushing
It is prominent to discongest, then exit combination translation module.
3) all slow trains are handled successively after the same method, if all slow trains are all translated in place and without rushing
It is prominent, then show that feasible express and local train generates successfully, into speed car optimization module；If there is conflict that can not discongest, return fast
Slow train combination producing module, continues search for express and local train.
Express and local train optimization module：The module is based on feasible express and local train, the case where not changing slow train overtaking station
Under, optimization slow train is every time by the time to be avoided of overtaking.
Due in the several steps of preamble, the time of departure of slow train and section run time fix it is immutable, wherein
The time to be avoided of slow train may be such to stop considerably beyond minimum time as defined in signal system, even up to 3~4 minutes
Time of standing can cause lines service level to decline to a great extent, and passenger is caused the consequences such as to complain.Therefore it needs to existing feasible speed
Vehicle combination optimizes, the time to be avoided when reducing slow train to the greatest extent by overtaking.
Express and local train optimization module, which mainly has, changes the time of departure and change two submodules of section run time：
1) change time of departure submodule.Until overtaking station since inception point, target slow train and its are calculated to each station
Arrive at a station interval time and the headway of postorder train, subtract minimum time interval corresponding at the station, obtain slow train and exist
The Slack Time at the station.Take the minimum value in all Slack Times, as time of the target slow train to right translation.
2) change section run time submodule.The module executes after changing time of departure submodule, mainly for nothing
The overtaking station that method passes through change time of departure optimization.By reducing slow train in the speed of service in former and later two sections of overtaking station, fit
When the time for increasing section operation, so that the time that slow train is waited in overtaking station is converted into train in the run time in section, reduce
The time to be avoided of slow train AT STATION, while the energy consumption of train can also be reduced.After being optimized by this module, slow train is in all overtaking
The time to be avoided stood can be reduced to minimum time interval.
Service chart output module：The feasible express and local train and optimize speed car group that the module is generated according to preamble module
It closes, shift copy drawing peak hour service chart, and image conversion service chart statistical indicator related to output respectively.
By the calculating of above several modules, feasible express and local train is generated, shift copy express and local train can obtain
To the entire run figure of peak hour, service chart drawing process ends here.In addition, in order to make service chart have more readability,
It is necessary to exporting visual service chart, this module is given by the way of the direct preview of window and generation AutoCAD scripts
User provides visualization service chart, while counting the operating index of all kinds of trains, including run time, overtaking time to be avoided, more
Row station location, the time of departure optimized and revised and section run time etc. provide the user with the service chart index of quantization.
Above several modules carry out the realization of function according to certain operation order, wherein express and local train drawing module and
Express and local train translation module may rerun repeatedly to obtain available solution.
First, data input module is run, and is prompted user to input each item data, is carried out the initialization of system.
Secondly, express and local train generation module operation, according to the time of departure of speed car, generates preliminary express and local train,
Ensure not conflict between express and slow train.
Third, express and local train translation module operation, according to the preliminary express and local train of generation, translate and discongest slow train it
Between conflict, change the slow train time of departure if it cannot discongest, attempt new express and local train.
4th, after completing express and local train generation, feasible express and local train is optimized, the speed car of optimization is generated
Combination.
5th, according to the express and local train of existing feasible express and local train and optimization, the respective peak hour fortune of drawing
Row figure, the service chart of output pattern, parameter complete the drawing of service chart.
In the present invention, in initial pool the slow train time of departure be express after arrange according to uniform intervals f=120s, if
The express and local train of generation is infeasible, then enables f=f+5, resets the slow train time of departure, continues to attempt to drawing speed car group
It closes.When f reaches preset maximum value, and feasible express and local train also is not found (with ratio is started and frequency is related), program
Service chart that can not be under the drawing starting scheme, informs user's mistake and terminates program.
The present invention uses C# programming languages, is developed under Visual Studio2015 environment, has window interaction, read-write
The functions such as file, displaying and modification data.During subsequent result is shown, carried out using Windows forms drawing functions
Service chart preview, and draw service chart automatically using AutoCAD and use Excel tables storage indices and vehicle detailed
To the hair time.
In order to more intuitively illustrate that urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method and system, the present invention pass through one
Application example is shown.
Certain city's subway part circuit is chosen as application, each station station spacing, Train Schedule are true number
According to referring to table 1.If the operation maximum speed in express section is identical as slow train, if the start-stop additional time of slow train is 28s, wherein
Start 14s additional time, parking 14s additional time, the section run time of express is subtracted by corresponding to section slow train run time
Corresponding additional time obtains.
Run time between 1 station spacing of table and station
Dwell time of the speed car at each station is as shown in table 2, and the peak hour starts frequency as per hour 24 row, and speed car is opened
Row ratio is 1:3.By above-mentioned data entry system, select drawing service chart, obtained result as shown in figure 11.
2 starting scheme of table and speed car dwell time
Running optimizatin module, optimizes the evacuation time of all overtaking stations, and exports corresponding adjustment action, counts simultaneously
The index of service chart, output statistical indices are as shown in table 3 after former service chart and optimization.As can be seen that present invention basis gave
Data, the legal service chart of drawing, and output intuitive image file and corresponding statistical data, in addition, also existing
It is optimized on the basis of feasible service chart, shortens the slow train time to be avoided.
3 service chart indicator-specific statistics table of table
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art
To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of urban track traffic speed car service chart optimization method, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps：
The input and arrangement of S1, track data, train operating data and starting scheme data；
S2, according to the input data in S1, the express service chart of uniform drawing peak hour；
S3, according to the input data and the express service chart that paints of S2 middle berths in S1, in first express interval of drawing
Slow train service chart, and discongest the conflict between speed car；Preliminary express and local train is determined if discongesting successfully；If it cannot discongest
It changes the slow train time of departure and continues drawing slow train service chart；
S4, it replicates in the slow train service chart to adjacent express interval of S3 institutes drawing, and discongests the conflict between slow train, if completing to dredge
Xie Ze exports feasible express and local train, and returning to S3 if it can not discongest continues search for feasible combination；
S5, on the basis of feasible express and local train, optimize the overtaking time to be avoided of slow train, generate optimization express and local train；
S6, the feasible express and local train of translation and optimization express and local train, generate corresponding hour service chart；Count two service charts
Index of correlation, output data file, complete service chart drawing.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the S1 is specifically included：
S101, it data or is directly inputted by reading in, obtains the station spacing between circuit station quantity, each station station name, each station,
And corresponding speed car run time；
S102, it data or is directly inputted by reading in, obtains express and stop scheme, each train operation cross-channel, slow train at each station
Dwell time.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the S2 is specifically included：
S201, it reads express and stops scheme, read or extrapolate the time that express is run in each section；
S202, according to peak hour departure frequency and speed car ratio, calculate when dispatching a car of each row express in the peak hour
Between, express is generated according to the time of departure and arrives hair time, and locking data at each station.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the S3 is specifically included：
S301, on the basis of the first row express time of departure, between being not more than the average departure interval, dispatch a car not less than station minimum
Every interval uniformly place each row slow train；
S302, for each column slow train, since the starting station to terminus drawing respectively station between service chart, calculate for each express
Stop to interval and hair hair interval or for express by station to logical interval and logical hair interval, if meet it is minimum between
Every then continuing drawing slow train service chart；If not satisfied, then carrying out S303；
Since S303, the slow train for being unsatisfactory for minimum interval are got over clashing station to starting station search overtaking station
Row；The specific method of the overtaking is to extend slow train in the dwell time at the station, until meeting minimum logical hair interval, is corrected simultaneously
Slow train follow-up operation line.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it includes having overtaking condition that overtaking station, which needs the condition met,
Meet minimum interval with slow train to logical time.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the S4 is specifically included：
S401, the slow train service chart for choosing S3 institutes drawing, replicate and move in next adjacent express interval, after note translation
All slow trains combine for new slow train；
S402, calculate the combination of new slow train combine with former slow train between each station be spaced to interval and hair hair, if having station not
Meet minimum interval, then discongested by increasing the dwell time of slow train in new slow train combination, if can not discongest, returns to S3 weights
Newly-generated slow train combination；
S403, calculate in the combination of new slow train between slow train two-by-two to interval and hair hair interval, adjust and lean on if clashing
The dwell time of latter row slow train discongests, if can not discongest, returns to S3 and regenerates slow train combination；If discongesting success,
Generate feasible express and local train.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the S5 is specifically included：
S501, last row slow train, by the method for translation operation line to the right, slow train is delayed since feasible express and local train
The time of departure shortens slow train and stops the evacuation time；
S502, check that each overtaking action extends slow train at this if overtaking avoids the time still greater than the minimum overtaking stand-by period
The run time in former and later two sections of overtaking station so that slow train is equal to minimum interval at the station to logical time and Tong Fa times
Time further shortens it and stops the time to be avoided.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the S6 is specifically included：
S601, the optimization express and local train generated according to the S4 feasible express and local trains generated and S5, it is high to replicate translation generation
The entire run figure of peak hour；
S602, the run time index for calculating each train, generate the AutoCAD script files of legal format, and AutoCAD is called to paint
System visualization service chart.
9. a kind of automatic drawing system of urban track traffic speed car service chart, which is characterized in that the system includes：
Data input module, the data file for inputting or importing reference format；
Express and local train generation module is used for according to the uniform drawing express service chart of data presented and slow train service chart, and dredges
Conflicting between solution express and slow train, generate preliminary express and local train；
All slow train duplications in preliminary express and local train are moved to next express section by express and local train translation module, and
The conflict between slow train is discongested, feasible express and local train is generated；
Express and local train optimization module is based on feasible express and local train, optimizes the overtaking time to be avoided of slow train, generates optimization speed
Vehicle combines；
Service chart output module, according to the feasible express and local train of generation and optimization express and local train, difference shift copy drawing
Peak hour service chart, and image conversion service chart statistical indicator related to output.
10. system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the data input module includes track data input mould
Block and starting scheme input module；
The express and local train generation module includes express drawing submodule and slow train drawing submodule；
The express and local train translation module includes slow train translation submodule and slow train Conflict resolution submodule；
The express and local train optimization module includes changing time of departure submodule and change section run time submodule；
The service chart output module includes peak hour service chart output module, script generation module and service chart impression block
Block.
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| CN116777107A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-09-19 | 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 | Urban area fast track line passing capability calculation method for fast and slow vehicle mixed operation |
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