CN108555283B - Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder and application thereof - Google Patents
Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108555283B CN108555283B CN201810585947.1A CN201810585947A CN108555283B CN 108555283 B CN108555283 B CN 108555283B CN 201810585947 A CN201810585947 A CN 201810585947A CN 108555283 B CN108555283 B CN 108555283B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910018643 Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B22F1/0003—
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
Abstract
The invention discloses Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder and application thereof, wherein the powder consists of Fe powder, Mn powder, Si powder, Cr powder, Ni powder and PZT powder. The application is used for repairing and surface strengthening of 304 stainless steel parts. The composite powder has the characteristics of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and low stress, and has a good prospect for improving the utilization benefit of stainless steel parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to alloy composite powder and application thereof, in particular to Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder and application thereof.
Background
The 304 stainless steel has the characteristics of good processing performance and high toughness, and is widely used in the industry and the furniture decoration industry. However, 304 stainless steel is low in hardness during use, and therefore, the components are prone to failure caused by frictional wear, including adhesive wear, abrasive wear, fatigue wear and other failure modes. The annual output of stainless steel reaches 2169.2 ten thousand tons from 2014 in China, and the stainless steel is widely applied to production and life. In the production process, a large amount of resources are wasted, the economic benefit of an enterprise is reduced, and safety accidents are caused due to the frictional wear failure of the stainless steel components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder and application thereof. The composite powder has the characteristics of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and low stress, and has a good prospect for improving the utilization benefit of stainless steel parts.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder is composed of Fe powder, Mn powder, Si powder, Cr powder, Ni powder and PZT powder.
The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder comprises, by weight, 40-55 parts of Fe powder, 20-35 parts of Mn powder, 5-12 parts of Si powder, 2-6 parts of Cr powder, 1-5 parts of Ni powder and 3-20 parts of PZT powder.
The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder comprises, by weight, 44-50 parts of Fe powder, 27-31 parts of Mn powder, 7-9 parts of Si powder, 3-4 parts of Cr powder, 2-3 parts of Ni powder and 5-15 parts of PZT powder.
The composite powder of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT comprises 47 parts by weight of Fe powder, 30 parts by weight of Mn powder, 8 parts by weight of Si powder, 4 parts by weight of Cr powder, 3 parts by weight of N powder and 10 parts by weight of PZT powder.
The purity of the Fe powder, the Mn powder, the Si powder, the Cr powder, the Ni powder and the PZT powder is more than 99.7 percent.
In the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder, the particle sizes of the Fe powder, the Mn powder, the Si powder, the Cr powder, the Ni powder and the PZT powder are 140-280 meshes.
The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder is prepared by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni and PZT and mechanically grinding for 4-8 hours.
An application of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder is used for repairing and surface strengthening of stainless steel parts.
The application of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder comprises the following specific application methods: the composite powder with the thickness of 1-2mm is preset on the surface of a stainless steel part, and laser cladding is carried out under the conditions that the laser output power P of a fiber laser is 2-2.8KW, the scanning speed V is 5-7mm/s, the spot size d is (1-2mm) x (9-11mm) and the overlapping ratio is 40% -60%.
In the application of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder, the laser power P is 2.4kW, the scanning speed V is 5mm/s, the spot size d is 2 × 10mm2, and the overlapping ratio is 50%.
The invention has the advantages of
1. According to the invention, by adding the PZT phase and utilizing the phase change relaxation stress in the piezoelectric effect process, the alloy elements or the second phase decomposed by the PZT at high temperature enter the coating to generate the wear resistance of the reinforced composite coating.
2. According to the invention, the alloy elements Ti, Nb, Ni and the like in the PZT powder enter the coating through laser high temperature, so that the corrosion resistance of the coating is optimized.
3. Compared with the prior art, the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite coating prepared by laser cladding has good metallurgical bonding with the base material, the stress self-adaptive characteristic of the memory alloy can relax stress, the defect content in the coating is reduced, and the wear resistance of the coating is greatly improved.
The low-stress and high-wear-resistance Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite coating developed by the application relaxes stress by utilizing the self-adaptive characteristic of the stress of the shape memory alloy, PZT piezoelectric ceramic can generate a piezoelectric effect under the stress action, phase change is generated, the effect of relaxing the stress is also achieved, and the residual stress of the coating and the stress in the process of relaxing wear are reduced under the combined action of the piezoelectric ceramic and the PZT piezoelectric ceramic to improve the wear resistance. In addition, the addition of the PZT ceramic phase can cause second phase strengthening and solid solution strengthening and can also improve the wear resistance of the composite coating. In the prior stage, the laser cladding repairing and strengthening stainless steel laser cladding coating has large residual stress, which causes the increase of tissue defects, and the wear process is invalid because the residual stress value is large and the defect position is easy to become a weak point, thereby greatly damaging the wear resistance of the coating. Compared with the existing laser cladding repair means, the shape memory alloy and the PZT phase can relax stress, and the residual thermal stress and the structural stress are reduced when the coating is formed, so that the number of defects such as cracks, gaps and the like of the coating is reduced, the coating structure is well optimized, and the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance are enhanced; secondly, the high wear resistance of the alloy can be improved by relaxing residual stress, strengthening the second phase and strengthening the solid solution in the abrasion process; finally, PZT is decomposed at high temperature by laser, and elements such as Ti, Ni, Nb and the like in the PZT improve the corrosion resistance of the coating. The coating researched by the invention improves the corrosion resistance of the coating through relaxation of residual stress and stress in the friction process and alloy elements, effectively reduces friction wear failure and improves the corrosion resistance of the coating. Therefore, the development of the preparation method of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder and the coating with low stress and high wear resistance can greatly save resources and improve benefits, and has very good prospects.
To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, the inventors made the following experiments:
hardness of material
The hardness result of the composite coating prepared by the invention is shown in figure 1, and the average hardness of the coating reaches about 3 times of that of the base material. Mainly caused by that PZT decomposition alloy elements enter the coating to generate solid solution strengthening and PZT phases enter the coating to generate second phase strengthening.
Wear resistance of materials
The friction and wear test of the laser cladding memory alloy composite coating prepared by the invention is carried out, the obtained result is shown in figure 2, when PZT is added, the abrasion resistance of the composite coating base is greatly improved compared with that of the base material, mainly, the relaxation effect of the memory alloy and PZT on stress is existed to obtain a low residual stress coating, the stress in the friction and wear process is relaxed, the stress is fully released, and the second phase strengthening and solid solution strengthening are also existed, so that the abrasion resistance of the coating is greatly improved.
Corrosion resistance of material
FIG. 3 is a plot of polarization for composite coatings and substrates of varying PZT content. From fig. 3, it can be concluded that the self-corrosion potential of the composite coating with PZT added is increased, the corrosion tendency of the composite coating is reduced, and the corrosion resistance of the coating is improved. Mainly because the corrosion resistance of the coating is improved by the alloy elements such as Ti, Nb, Ni and the like entering the coating. However, the autogenous corrosion voltage drops when the PZT content is added to reach 15%, because the increase of the PZT content causes the increase of defects, which lowers the corrosion resistance of the coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the hardness distribution of composite coatings with different PZT contents;
FIG. 2 is a friction coefficient curve of composite coatings with different PZT contents;
FIG. 3 electrochemical polarization curves for different PZT contents.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Examples of the invention
Example 1: the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder consists of Fe powder 47 weight portions, Mn powder 30 weight portions, Si powder 8 weight portions, Cr powder 4 weight portions, N powder 3 weight portions and PZT powder 10 weight portions.
Example 2: the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder consists of Fe powder 40 weight portions, Mn powder 20 weight portions, Si powder 5 weight portions, Cr powder 2 weight portions, Ni powder 1 weight portions and PZT powder 3 weight portions.
Example 3: the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder consists of Fe powder 55 weight portions, Mn powder 35 weight portions, Si powder 12 weight portions, Cr powder 6 weight portions, Ni powder 5 weight portions and PZT powder 20 weight portions.
Example 4: the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder consists of Fe powder 44 weight portions, Mn powder 27 weight portions, Si powder 7 weight portions, Cr powder 3 weight portions, Ni powder 2 weight portions and PZT powder 5 weight portions.
Example 5: the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder consists of Fe powder 50 weight portions, Mn powder 31 weight portions, Si powder 9 weight portions, Cr powder 4 weight portions, Ni powder 3 weight portions and PZT powder 15 weight portions.
The purity of the Fe powder, Mn powder, Si powder, Cr powder, Ni powder, and PZT powder described in examples 1-5 was greater than 99.7%.
The particle sizes of Fe powder, Mn powder, Si powder, Cr powder, Ni powder and PZT powder described in examples 1-5 were 140-280 mesh.
The composite powders of examples 1 to 5 were prepared by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni and PZT and mechanically grinding for 4 to 8 hours.
Example 6: an application of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder described in embodiments 1 to 5 is used for repairing and strengthening a 304 stainless steel component, and specifically, the application is performed by performing laser cladding on the surface of the 304 stainless steel component with the composite powder with a thickness of 1.5mm under the conditions that the power P of a fiber laser is 2.4kW, the scanning speed V is 5mm/s, the spot size d is 2 × 10mm2, and the lap joint ratio is 50%.
Example 7: an application of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder described in embodiments 1 to 5 is used for repairing and strengthening a 304 stainless steel component, and specifically, the application is performed by performing laser cladding on the surface of the 304 stainless steel component under the conditions that the composite powder with a thickness of 1mm is preset, the laser output power P of a fiber laser is 2KW, the scanning speed V is 5mm/s, the spot size d is (1mm) × (9mm), and the lap joint ratio is 40%.
Example 8: an application of the Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder described in embodiments 1 to 5 is used for repairing and strengthening a 304 stainless steel component, and specifically, the application is performed by performing laser cladding on the surface of the 304 stainless steel component under the conditions that the composite powder with the thickness of 2mm is preset on the surface, the laser output power P of a fiber laser is 2.8KW, the scanning speed V is 7mm/s, the spot size d is (2mm) × (11mm), and the lap joint ratio is 60%.
Claims (9)
1. A Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder is characterized in that: consists of Fe powder, Mn powder, Si powder, Cr powder, Ni powder and PZT powder; the composite powder comprises, by weight, 40-55 parts of Fe powder, 20-35 parts of Mn powder, 5-12 parts of Si powder, 2-6 parts of Cr powder, 1-5 parts of Ni powder and 3-20 parts of PZT powder.
2. The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder of claim 1, wherein: the composite powder comprises, by weight, 44-50 parts of Fe powder, 27-31 parts of Mn powder, 7-9 parts of Si powder, 3-4 parts of Cr powder, 2-3 parts of Ni powder and 5-15 parts of PZT powder.
3. The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder of claim 2, wherein: the composite powder comprises, by weight, 47 parts of Fe powder, 30 parts of Mn powder, 8 parts of Si powder, 4 parts of Cr powder, 3 parts of Ni powder and 10 parts of PZT powder.
4. The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the purities of the Fe powder, the Mn powder, the Si powder, the Cr powder, the Ni powder and the PZT powder are more than 99.7 percent.
5. The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the particle sizes of the Fe powder, the Mn powder, the Si powder, the Cr powder, the Ni powder and the PZT powder are 140-280 meshes.
6. The Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder of claim 1, wherein: the composite powder is prepared by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni and PZT and mechanically grinding for 4-8 hours.
7. Use of a Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: is used for repairing and surface strengthening of 304 stainless steel parts.
8. The use of Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder according to claim 7, wherein the specific application method is: the composite powder with the thickness of 1-2mm is preset on the surface of a 304 stainless steel part, and laser cladding is carried out under the conditions that the laser output power P of a fiber laser is 2-2.8KW, the scanning speed V is 5-7mm/s, the spot size d is (1-2mm) x (9-11mm) and the overlapping ratio is 40% -60%.
9. Use of a Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy/PZT composite powder according to claim 8, characterized in that: the laser output power P of the optical fiber laser is 2.4kW, the scanning speed V is 5mm/s, and the spot size d is 2 multiplied by 10mm2The lapping rate was 50%.
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| CN101149089A (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2008-03-26 | 天津理工大学 | NiTi/PZT composite material uses |
| CN103056355B (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2015-01-21 | 大连海事大学 | Manufacturing and application methods for laser cladding powder of iron-base alloy |
| CN103409748A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-27 | 大连海事大学 | Method for preparing Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloy coating via laser cladding |
| CN104167488B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2017-02-15 | 南京大学 | Magneto-caloric Ni-Mn-based ferromagnetic-shape memory alloy and piezoelectric composite material and application thereof |
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