CN108552179A - 一种抗漂移农药增效组合物、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents

一种抗漂移农药增效组合物、其制备方法及应用 Download PDF

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CN108552179A
CN108552179A CN201810558943.4A CN201810558943A CN108552179A CN 108552179 A CN108552179 A CN 108552179A CN 201810558943 A CN201810558943 A CN 201810558943A CN 108552179 A CN108552179 A CN 108552179A
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刘书静
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗漂移农药增效组合物，涉及农药增效组合物技术领域。原料质量百分比组成为：复合氨基酸提取液5%～80%、云苔素内酯0.05%～1.5%、抗漂移剂2%～10%、余量为水。本发明组合物加入了抗漂移成分，增大了雾滴粒径，减少了雾滴漂移，提高了农药的利用率；与农药成分相互作用，提高了农药的药效；并能提高植物的抗逆性和品质。

Description

一种抗漂移农药增效组合物、其制备方法及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及农药增效组合物技术领域。
背景技术
作为农业大国，农业高产是实现我国农业经济可持续发展的基础，高产必然带来农作物病虫害的高发，而对于病虫害的防治，相比物理、生物和综合防治法，化学防治法更具有高工效、防治及时等特点，因此，化学农药的使用成为现阶段防治农业病虫草害的最有效手段。化学农药多以液体药剂喷洒为主，不可避免的会产生农药飘移现象，污染土壤、空气和水源，致使环境恶化，对人类和动植物造成危害。
由于我国的施药技术和施药器械比较落后，化学农药的有效利用率仅为20％～40％，在农药施用过程中，一部分沉积在作物上，一部分流失到地面，还有一部分产生飘移。而农药雾滴飘移的危害非常大，容易造成药害、环境污染、农药流失；并且农药有效利用率低。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种抗漂移农药增效组合物，加入了抗漂移成分，增大了雾滴粒径，减少了雾滴漂移，提高了农药的利用率；与农药成分相互作用，提高了农药的药效；并能提高植物的抗逆性和品质。
抗漂移农药增效组合物，原料质量百分比组成为：复合氨基酸提取液5％～80％、云苔素内酯0.05％～1.5％、抗漂移剂2％～10％、余量为水。
优选的原料质量百分比组成为：复合氨基酸提取液5％～60％、云苔素内酯0.05％～1.5％、抗漂移剂2％～10％、余量为水。
进一步优选的原料质量百分比组成为：复合氨基酸提取液5％～40％、云苔素内酯0.05％～1％、抗漂移剂2％～8％、余量为水。
抗漂移剂为尿素、硝酸铵、EO/PO共聚物、聚乙二醇、黄原胶、瓜尔胶、海藻酸中的一种或多种。
制备抗漂移农药增效组合物的方法，包括以下步骤：(1)在反应器中，按照比例加入水和复合氨基酸提取液，混合均匀；(2)在步骤(1)的混合物中加入抗漂移剂并混合均匀，然后加入芸苔素内酯混合均匀。
上述抗漂移农药增效组合物在农药中的应用
复合氨基酸提取液为市售的产品，来源于植物提取液或动物发酵液。
云苔素内酯来源于植物提取或经化学合成及其衍生物，芸苔素内酯是一种新型绿色环保植物生长调节剂，其通过适宜浓度芸苔素内酯浸种和茎叶喷施处理。可以促进蔬菜、瓜类、水果等作物生长，可改善品质，提高产量，色泽艳丽，叶片更厚实。也能使茶叶的采叶时间提前，也可令瓜果含糖份更高，个体更大，产量更高，更耐储藏。
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明组合物加入了抗漂移成分，增大了雾滴粒径，从而减少了农药药液在从喷雾器到叶片运动过程中的雾滴漂移，提高了农药的利用率；
(2)本发明组合物加入了氨基酸和芸苔素内酯，与农药成分相互作用，提高了农药的药效；
(3)本发明的组合物还提供给植物营养，提高了植物的抗逆性和品质。
具体实施方式
以下实施例详细说明了本发明，本发明所使用的各种原料均为常规市售产品，均能通过市场购买直接获得。
实施例1-9
质量百分比组成见下表1
表1
复合氨基酸提取液 云苔素内酯 抗漂移剂 水
实施例1 20 1 8 71
实施例2 5 1.5 10 83.5
实施例3 60 0.05 2 37.95
实施例4 40 0.8 4 55.2
实施例5 80 0.05 2 17.95
实施例6 30 0.6 6 63.4
实施例7 50 1.2 9 39.8
实施例8 70 0.4 3 26.6
实施例9 10 1.5 10 78.5
实施例1-9中的抗漂移剂见下表2
表2
抗漂移剂
实施例1 尿素
实施例2 硝酸铵
实施例3 EO/PO共聚物
实施例4 聚乙二醇
实施例5 黄原胶
实施例6 瓜尔胶
实施例7 海藻酸
实施例8 尿素
实施例9 硝酸铵
上述各实施例的区别仅在于原料配比不同，制备方法为：(1)在反应器中，按照比例加入水和复合氨基酸提取液，混合均匀；(2)在步骤(1)的混合物中加入抗漂移剂并混合均匀，然后加入芸苔素内酯混合均匀。
为了更好的评价抗漂移农药增效组合物的性能，以实施例1～9为例，做以下测试：
1、雾滴粒径测试
测试方法：将25％吡唑醚菌酯SC按照参考用量兑水稀释，再分别加入5.0％实施例1～9所制备的抗漂移农药增效组合物，配制成一系列待测样品，分别为对比例1～9，用特定压力喷头进行喷雾，在距喷头下方50cm处采用激光粒径分析仪测定雾滴的体积中值粒径，结果见表3。
表3
可见，本发明抗漂移农药增效组合物能够明显增大喷雾中值粒径，具有减少雾滴漂移的性能。
2、药效实验测试
测试方法：将25％吡唑醚菌酯SC按照参考用量兑水稀释，再分别加入5.0％实施例1～9所制备的抗漂移农药增效组合物，配制成一系列待测样品，分别为对比例10～18，对小麦白粉病进行田间药效实验。
(1)试验地基本情况：
试验地设在河南，选发病程度中等的小麦田为试验地，土壤肥力中等，排灌方便。施药当日3月6日天气为晴转多云，平均气温10℃，相对湿度64％，偏南风2～3级；3月13日为晴天，平均气温12℃，相对湿度45％，偏南风2～3级。
(2)施药时间及方法
在小麦白粉病发病初期(3月6日)喷第1次药，10d后(3月16日)喷第二次药，共喷施2次。采用3WBS-16背负式喷雾器(工作压力0.2～0.3MPa)，按照每公顷药液量750L进行叶面喷雾。
(3)试验调查及数据处理
药前调查病情基数，试验共调查3次，即药前病情指数调查，第1次药后10天防效调查，2次药后10天及20天防效调查。
(4)药效计算方法
病株率(％)＝病株数/调查总株数×100
病情指数＝∑(各级病叶数×相对级数值)/(调查总叶数×9)×100
防治效果(％)＝〔1-(空白对照区药前病情指数×处理区药后病情指数)/(空白对照区药后病情指数×处理区药前病情指数)〕×100
(5)药害调查方法
施药后连续7d目测药剂对作物是否有药害。
(6)实验结果见表4。
表4
由表4数据可知本发明组合物与农药一起使用有协同增效作用(制剂用量指待测样品中25％吡唑醚菌酯SC的含量)。
3、促生长测试
在上述喷药地块中，取喷药前和第二次喷药后20天对株高、根长和株鲜重进行检测，结果如表5所示。
表5对小麦促进生长效果对比表
药剂 株高/cm 根长/cm 株鲜重/(g/株)
25％吡唑醚菌酯SC 18 8.3 10.34
对比例10 21 8.9 12.3
对比例11 22 8.8 12.5
对比例12 20 9.0 12.6
对比例13 23 9.1 12.4
对比例14 19 9.0 12.2
对比例15 21 9.0 12.2
对比例16 21 8.9 12.3
对比例17 22 8.8 12.4
对比例18 20 8.7 12.5
由表5数据可知本发明组合物与农药一起使用可以提高植物品质。

Claims (6)

1.一种抗漂移农药增效组合物，其特征在于：原料质量百分比组成为：复合氨基酸提取液5%～80%、云苔素内酯0.05%～1.5%、抗漂移剂2%～10%、余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗漂移农药增效组合物，其特征在于：原料质量百分比组成为：复合氨基酸提取液5%～60%、云苔素内酯0.05%～1.5%、抗漂移剂2%～10%、余量为水。
3.根据权利要求2所述的抗漂移农药增效组合物，其特征在于：原料质量百分比组成为：复合氨基酸提取液5%～40%、云苔素内酯0.05%～1%、抗漂移剂2%～8%、余量为水。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗漂移农药增效组合物，其特征在于：所述抗漂移剂为尿素、硝酸铵、EO/PO共聚物、聚乙二醇、黄原胶、瓜尔胶、海藻酸中的一种或多种。
5.制备权利要求1所述的抗漂移农药增效组合物的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：（1）在反应器中，按照比例加入水和复合氨基酸提取液，混合均匀；（2）在步骤（1）的混合物中加入抗漂移剂并混合均匀，然后加入芸苔素内酯混合均匀。
6.权利要求1-3中任意一项组合物在农药中的应用。
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