CN108550881A - A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell - Google Patents
A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108550881A CN108550881A CN201810704871.XA CN201810704871A CN108550881A CN 108550881 A CN108550881 A CN 108550881A CN 201810704871 A CN201810704871 A CN 201810704871A CN 108550881 A CN108550881 A CN 108550881A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- magnesium
- chlorine
- electrode chamber
- electrode column
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
- H01M8/143—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes with liquid, solid or electrolyte-charged reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cells,Including at least one set of battery pack,The battery pack includes battery case,The battery case includes shell and upper cover,The shell and upper cover form a closed electrode chamber,The inner wall of the electrode chamber is refractory material,Electrode chamber top has chlorine that pipe is added,Fused salt conduit is arranged at electrode chamber lower part,Temperature control system is equipped in electrode chamber,The temperature control system includes the cooler being arranged on electrode chamber top,With the heater in electrode chamber bottom is set,The upper cover is equipped with the mounting hole for installing electrode column and conducting wire and the air vent for discharging exhaust gas,It is characterized in that,The electrode column is hollow container,The inner wall of the electrode column is that partition board is made in porous ceramics,Nonaqueous electrolytic solution is equipped in the electrode column,The top of the electrode column is equipped with feed inlet,The lower section of the electrode column is equipped with discharge port,The outer layer of the partition board is porous graphite electrode,The magnesium solution of solid magnesium and melting is equipped in the cavity of the electrode column.Its simple in structure, low cost, efficient, fuel storage safe ready.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to AIP technology fuel cell fields, and in particular to a kind of powerful high-energy power AIP fused salt formulas fuel electricity
Pond.
Technical background
High-energy battery research is always world's cutting edge technology, due to its importance, there is many well-known research aircrafts in the world
Structure is all energetically carrying out various researchs, does not turn off and sends out a variety of new technologies and product, is applied to multiple fields.Due to various
The development of reason, battery seems the needs that cannot meet modern society, becomes the bottleneck of current social development, this phenomenon is big
It is especially become apparent from the field of batteries of capacity.
Conventional submarine is mainly diesel electric submarines.Massive diesel-fuel is carried when going to sea, usually keeping afloat is sucked using diesel engine
Air operational, dive when hidden provide power using storage battery or different AIP technologies, are limited, provided by technical conditions
Power limited, under water long-time high speed operation can not achieve, dive certain time will emerge, suck air engine bavin
Oil machine drives submarine and charges, and this floating is easy to give away one's position, and is easy to be found to sink in war, the effect of submarine is serious
It is restricted.
The energy density of diesel oil is very high, do not consider consumption air, energy density be more than 10 kilowatt hours/kilogram；Consider bavin
The thermal efficiency of oil machine, energy density be down to 4 kilowatt hours/kilogram or so；If it is considered that engine, gearbox, transmission shaft, oil storage and
The weight of oil supply system, gas supply and exhaust system etc., the energy density of entire dynamical system be down to 2 kilowatt hours/kilogram or so.Bavin
This energy density of oil will rely on the consumption of air, and submarine needs to float, if it is considered that the consumption of air or oxygen, is such as closed
Formula recycles diesel engine（CCD）AIP needs submarine to carry liquid oxygen, including oxygen tank and exhaust treatment system, actual energy density
It substantially reduces, even lower than 0.2 kilowatt hour/kilogram.Existing various high-energy batteries, energy density reach 0.3 kilowatt hour/public affairs
Jin, but there are the risk factors such as easily fever, explosion.
If developing peak power output number MW class, total high capacity cell for storing several million kilowatt hours of electric energy is this
Battery will be able to provide whole power that submarine needs, and underwater ultimate run reaches ten thousand kilometers or more, and whole process does not need emersion
The water surface is acted on already close to nuclear submarine.Since battery operating noise is small, the concealment of submarine can greatly improve or even excellent
In nuclear submarine, reduce submarine is found probability, will become real ocean black hole.Use the submarine of battery electric power that can claim completely
For complete electric submarine, is limited, can't be realized by present battery charge storage ability.
At civilian aspect, it is convenient that the rapid development of auto industry is that the mankind bring, but existing automobile will be consumed largely
Fossil fuel not only seriously pollutes environment, also relies on limited petroleum resources transition.Especially China's oil resource is limited,
With the rapid increase of car ownership, oil notch is increasing, and hundred million tons of annual umber of feed inlet, the percentage of import is up to 65%, becomes
The big oil importers of the first in the world, have influenced the economic security in China.China already advocates many kinds of measures, including hair thus
Electric vehicle etc. is opened up, the problem of due to battery, electric vehicle is promoted slow.
Great-capacity power battery is badly in need of in modern society, has become common recognition.Fuel cell is a kind of possessed by fuel
Chemical energy is converted to the chemical reaction equipment of electric energy, since fuel can continue to supply, for developing great-capacity power battery most
It is potential.Battery is not limited during the work time by Carnot cycle, thus energy conversion efficiency is high and noiseless, pollution-free, at
For ideal energy utilization patterns.
Typically there are hydrogen fuel cell (RFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), direct methanol combustion in the world at present
Expect battery (DMFC), phosphoric acid type fuel cell (PAFC), Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), fused carbonate fuel electricity
Pond (MCFC), these battery structures are different, each advantageous, are all finally hydrogen and oxygen in the reaction of positive and negative anodes, belong to hydrogen-oxygen fuel
Battery.
Although there is lot of advantages in hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, but there is also certain problems.Such as the hydrogen that cathode uses, very because of boiling point
Low storage is inconvenient, is converted using other fuel, and battery structure becomes complicated；The oxygen normality that anode uses is not allow being total to for easy conductive
Valence link is unfavorable for the conversion of electric energy, further increases the complexity of battery, and energy conversion efficiency is relatively low, limits fuel cell
Be widely used.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind simple in structure, low cost, efficient, fuel storage safety
Convenient AIP fused salt formula fuel cells.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell, including at least one set of battery pack, the battery pack include battery case, the battery
Shell includes shell and upper cover, and the shell and upper cover form a closed electrode chamber, and the inner wall of the electrode chamber is fire resisting
Material, electrode chamber top have chlorine that pipe is added, and there is fused salt conduit in electrode chamber lower part, temperature control system, the temperature are equipped in electrode chamber
Control system includes the cooler being arranged on electrode chamber top, and the heater in electrode chamber bottom is arranged, and the upper cover, which is equipped with, to be used
In the mounting hole and air vent for discharging exhaust gas of installation electrode column and conducting wire, which is characterized in that the electrode column is hollow
Container, the inner wall of the electrode column is that partition board is made in porous ceramics, and nonaqueous electrolytic solution, the electrode are equipped in the electrode column
The top of column is equipped with feed inlet, and the lower section of the electrode column is equipped with discharge port, and the outer layer of the partition board is porous graphite electrode, institute
It states and is equipped with solid magnesium and molten metal magnesium solution in the cavity of electrode column.
Further, the material of the partition board is porous ceramics, and there are the micropore that can adsorb molten-salt electrolysis liquid, hole in inside
Interior advance filling nonaqueous electrolytic solution, partition board are isolated electrode column with electrode chamber, avoid the magnesium of simple substance and being in direct contact for chlorine.
Further, wire-feed motor arranged at the feed inlet top, and solid magnesium is strip, and when use, solid magnesium was in wire feed
Under the action of machine, electrode column is added by electrode column top feed mouth, compensates the consumption of magnesium.
Further, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is electrolysis of magnesium chloride liquid.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The advantage of 1 energy density
The theoretical energy density of the fuel of molten salt battery be more than 2 kilowatt hours/kilogram, because fuel belongs to full active material, be converted into
The efficiency of electric energy should be in 80% or more, even more than 90%；Liquid chlorine can pressurize directly be stored into cylinder of steel or naval vessels it is special
In cabin, magnesium rod can directly be stored as cable at disk, be not required to special precautions, and weight efficiency is high；Using electric energy, can cancel
Mechanical driving part improves weight efficiency；The energy density of battery whole system can reach 1 kilowatt hour/kilogram, better than current
Various AIP technologies.
2. power benefits
Chlorine and magnesium are all the active elements of electrochemistry, are easy to form the ionic bond for being easy conduction；It is further increased using high temperature
Chlorine and magnesium electrochemical reaction rates, accelerate the formation of negative ions；The smaller partition board of thickness may be used in electrode column, reduces electricity
The resistance of liquid is solved, the resistance that negative ions pass through partition board reduces；Electrode column surface is very big, and the chlorine and electrolyte for increasing gas phase connect
It touches, is easy to maintain reaction balance.
The above bulking value for ensureing that battery is smaller can generate larger electric current, and power density is completely superior to other electricity
Pond.The thermal cell that current a variety of weapons use, operation principle is close with molten salt battery, further illustrates that there are power for molten salt battery
Advantage is a difference in that thermal cell power-on time is short, and molten salt battery can be long lasting for power supply.
3. the advantage of safety
The fuel chlorine and magnesium that battery uses, and reaction magnesium chloride, all be easy storage.It is used on submarine, even if leaking,
It can be directly discharged in seawater be absorbed to dissolve, not will produce harm, leave no trace, the diesel oil that compares is also safe, better than
Nuclear reactor.It is used in land, to consider that the safety and battery smart of chlorine, manufacture difficulty increase instead.
4. the advantage of price
Chlorine and magnesium are all common raw materials, market price relative moderate；Because of electrochemically active, can directly react, battery structure
Simply, expensive catalyst is not needed, overall cost is low, most advantageous compared to other battery manufacture costs.
5. the advantage of noise
The noise that the whole work of battery generates is minimum, is nearly free from mechanical oscillation, and noise is easy to control, in addition now ripe
Electric propulsion system, the submarine noise smaller of manufacture, the probability being found substantially reduces, and improves the survival rate of submarine.
Generally speaking
The fuel that fuel cell uses in the present invention is chlorine and magnesium, and electrolyte is chlorine and the magnesium chloride that magnesium reaction generates, and has height
A variety of advantages such as energy density, high power density, therefore referred to as high-energy power AIP fused salts formula fuel cell.In order to realize solid-state magnesium
Continuous input whole of magnesium rod is made in solid-state magnesium is in advance wound on rotating cylinder and devises magnesium rod wire-feed motor；In order to make solid-state magnesium
Dissolving devises heating apparatus；In order to control the degree of reaction to control the heating of the power designs of output and heat sink；
In order to ensure that being smoothed out for reaction is mounted with insulating layer, temperature control system is constituted；There is chlorine that pipe is added in the middle part of tank house, passes through
Pipeline connects chlorine gas feed system with control valve, can be continuously injected into chlorine to tank house；Chlorine is controlled by control valve to enter
The flow of tank house, and then the chlorine gas concentration of tank house is controlled, the final reaction speed for controlling tank house；In order to protect battery simultaneously
The total weight whole device for bearing battery is mounted in steel shell；In order to adsorb molten-salt electrolysis liquid, avoid simple substance magnesium and
Directly connecing for chlorine, increases the surface area of reactive site；The material of partition board is porous ceramics, and there is open type micro-hole in inside；To increase
Electrode column mechanical strength, porous graphite electrode add carbon fiber；To improve electrolysis effectiveness, enhance the machinery and oxidative resistance of magnesium rod
Energy.
The fuel that fuel cell uses in the present invention is chlorine and magnesium and the magnesium chloride of reaction, can directly be stored up under room temperature
It deposits, there is security advantages；Chlorine and magnesium are all common raw materials, market price relative moderate, and electrochemically active can directly react,
Expensive catalyst is not needed, overall cost is low, the advantage with price.Baffle design is at hollow cylinder, hollow portion
It is more than the fusing point of magnesium to divide storage magnesium, temperature, and magnesium is molten into liquid magnesium and is stored in magnesium room；Magnesium chloride sinks because density is higher than liquid magnesium
Product is in magnesium room bottom, and after magnesium chloride generates, opposite liquid magnesium, volume increases several times, causes magnesium chamber pressure to increase, passes through magnesium room bottom
Extra magnesium chloride is discharged in portion's discharge port, reduces magnesium chamber pressure；In order to realize that extra magnesium chloride concentrates discharge at tank house bottom
Portion devises fused salt discharge conduit；Spontaneous combustion occurs in order to avoid the leakage of chlorine and magnesium melt, devise protective cover carry out every
From；Upper cover design has air vent and mounting hole, air vent to ensure the peace of tank house for discharging electrolysis chamber pressure and discharge exhaust gas
The purity of complete and indoor chlorine, mounting hole is for installing electrode column and conducting wire etc..
The present invention is a kind of chlorine and the fuel cell that magnesium is raw material, and the magnesium chloride generated using chlorine and magnesium reaction is electrolysis
Liquid, while devising wire feed structure, temperature control system, safeguard structure, chlorine gas feed system, fused salt discharge system.At present in the world
Though typical fuel cells structure is different, raw material is all hydrogen and oxygen, belongs to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.Battery structure is relative complex, makes
Valence is higher, and energy conversion efficiency is relatively low；The hydrogen boiling point that cathode uses is very low, needs high-pressure bottle low-temperature storage, both inconvenient,
Danger close again, limits being widely used for fuel cell.The present invention has broken the limitation of traditional structure, the use of chlorine and magnesium is raw material
Fuel cell, prices of raw materials relative moderate, electrochemically active can directly store under room temperature, and safety coefficient is high；Pass through control
The supply of preparing chlorine gas, the input speed of magnesium rod, the temperature of tank house, air vent discharge quantity, the magnesium chloride velocity of discharge, control are defeated
The size for going out electric current controls the power of output.
The energy and power density of molten salt battery are theoretically better than the chemical cell of other any structures, also have low cost
Honest and clean, simple in structure, a variety of advantages such as reliable operation, the power as AIP technologies for submarine has complete advantage.
Chlorine magnesium molten salt battery has a variety of advantages such as high-energy density, high power density, minimizes safe Resolving probiems
Afterwards, still there is high value electric energy is converted into chemistry using electric energy batch production electrolytic chlorination magnesium as automobile power cell
Can, it is stored into the chlorine and magnesium of simple substance, for manufacturing molten salt battery, substitutes fossil fuel and automobile, battery is driven to concentrate at replacement
It manages, not only environmental protection and resource, but also avoids consuming oil excessively, also ensured the economic security in China, be beneficial to the whole world.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is enlarged drawing at " A " in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is principle of the invention figure.
In figure：Pipe 5, fused salt conduit 6, cooler 7, heating is added in battery case 1, shell 2, upper cover 3, electrode chamber 4, chlorine
Device 8, electrode column 9, conducting wire 10, air vent 11, partition board 12, nonaqueous electrolytic solution 13, feed inlet 14, discharge port 15, magnesium 16, wire-feed motor
17, electrode cap 18, refractory material 19.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further explained with specific implementation mode for explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell, structure is as shown in Figure 1, 2, and battery case 1 forms one by shell 2 and upper cover 3
Closed electrode chamber 4, shell 2 are mainly steel shell, protect battery and bear the total weight of battery, internal layer is as heat preservation
The refractory material 19 of layer；The middle part of electrode chamber 4 has chlorine that pipe 5 is added, and chlorine gas feed system is connected with control valve by pipeline, can be with
It is continuously injected into chlorine to electrode chamber, electrode chamber 4 is full of chlorine, becomes a big chlorine cover, can be described as chlorine room；Pass through control valve
Control chlorine enters the flow of electrode chamber 4, and then the chlorine gas concentration of coordination electrode room 4, the reaction speed of final coordination electrode room；
Electrode chamber bottom can store the fused salt of reaction, and fused salt is focused on after running up to certain amount by the discharge of fused salt conduit 6；
4 top of electrode chamber has cooler 7, bottom having heaters 8 to be collectively referred to as temperature control system, for adjusting electrode room temperature, electrode room temperature
Degree is maintained at 750 °C or so；Upper cover 3 is made of steel shell and refractory material, and air vent 11 and mounting hole has been distributed with, and deflates
Hole 11 ensures that the purity of the safety and indoor chlorine of electrode chamber, mounting hole are used for for discharging electrode chamber pressure and discharge exhaust gas
Electrode column 9 and conducting wire 10 etc. are installed.
Electrode column 9 divides for 12 two parts of electrode cap 18 and partition board, and the portion over the electrode shaft of electrode cap 18 is made pottery using insulated heat
Porcelain is made, and for the cooperation installation and sealing of 3 mounting hole of upper cover, there is positive and negative anodes connecting wire 10 in centre；Electrode column stretches into electrode
The part of room 4 is partition board 12, is made of porous ceramics, a whole similar hollow container；Shape can make rectangularity,
Cylinder, oblong etc., using hollow cylinder, intensity is high, and good manufacturability, manufacturing operation is easy to maintain, preferential to select；
Hollow section store magnesium, referred to as magnesium room, since electrode column 9 is in electrode chamber, temperature is more than the fusing point of magnesium, and magnesium is molten into liquid
Magnesium is stored in magnesium room；The electrode cap 18 in magnesium ceiling portion is equipped with feed inlet 14, and wire-feed motor 17 is arranged at 14 top of feed inlet；16 picture of magnesium
Cable is equally processed into strip, referred to as magnesium rod, can whole be wound on rotating cylinder, effect of the one end in wire-feed motor when use
Under, magnesium room is added by magnesium ceiling portion feed inlet, compensates the consumption of magnesium, the continuous work for being continuously added to ensure battery of magnesium rod；
According to the size of current needs, the addition of 16, the speed control magnesium by controlling wire-feed motor 17 controls the big of output current
It is small；During the reaction, solid magnesium 16 is molten into liquid magnesium 16, and the chlorion in Electolyte-absorptive becomes magnesium chloride, simultaneously
Release electronics is exported by liquid magnesium by conducting wire 10；The magnesium chloride that reaction generates is liquid fused salt, is partly adsorbed by partition board 12,
It is remaining to be gathered in magnesium room, because density is higher than liquid magnesium, it is deposited on magnesium room bottom；Discharge port 15 arranged at magnesium room bottom, discharge port diameter compared with
Small, the surface tension of pressure hour, liquid magnesium and fused salt are larger, it is not easy to be flowed out from discharge port；As the reaction was continued and adds for magnesium
Enter, the magnesium chloride volume of formation increases several times, and magnesium chamber pressure gradually increases, and deposits the fused salt of magnesium room bottom under stress from discharging
Mouth 15 is discharged, until magnesium chamber pressure reduces；12 material of partition board is porous ceramics, and there is open type micro-hole in inside, is filled out in advance in hole
Enter electrolysis of magnesium chloride liquid, partition board is isolated magnesium room with electrode chamber, avoids the magnesium of simple substance and being in direct contact for chlorine；To improve electrolysis effect
Fruit, enhances the machinery and oxidation resistent susceptibility of magnesium rod, and the magnesium rod used can contain other ingredients；The outside of partition board uses porous stone
Electrode ink increases the surface area contacted with chlorine, improves reaction efficiency；Porous graphite electrode can add carbon fiber, further
Increase surface area, increases by 9 mechanical strength of electrode column；It is molten to generate magnesium chloride for magnesium ion in the chlorine absorption electrolyte of electrode chamber 4
Salt, while electronics is absorbed by graphite electrode and conducting wire；Magnesium chloride fused salt is attracted to electrode column surface, and part compensates electrolyte
Loss, rest part along electrode column downwards trickle arrive electrode chamber bottom, concentrate from fused salt conduit 6 be discharged.
During the reaction, the electronics that cathode magnesium room generates is exported by magnesium rod or special wire, becomes power cathode；
Positive graphite electrode generates positive charge in chlorine, is exported by the conducting wire inside graphite electrode, becomes positive pole；Even
Operating current can be generated by connecing positive and negative polarity wire.
In use, the size of control output current can export fuel control, reaction temperature control by output voltage control
The several ways such as system control output current, and then control the electrode reaction rate of chlorine and magnesium.
1. output voltage control
The magnesium of the chlorine and magnesium room of electrode chamber can be reacted automatically by the electrolyte of melting, constantly poly- respectively in positive and negative electrode
Collect charge, with increasing for charge, electrode voltage can increase therewith, and high voltage can influence the electrode reaction rate of chlorine and magnesium,
Until voltage is increased to certain value, the electrode reaction of chlorine and magnesium tends to balance, opposite to terminate；It is connected and is loaded with conducting wire, output electricity
Stream, can be to avoid the raising of voltage, and load power consumption is bigger, and output voltage is smaller, and the electrode reaction influence by voltage of chlorine and magnesium is got over
Small, speed is faster, and output current is bigger.
2. exporting fuel control
Because chlorine is gas phase, density is low, adjusts the input quantity of chlorine, changes the chlorine gas concentration of electrode chamber 4, directly affects electrochemistry
Reaction speed, and then control output current；The addition of control magnesium can equally control electrochemical reaction rates, and then control defeated
Go out electric current.
3. reaction temperature controls
Electrode chamber 4 needs certain temperature, electrode reaction that could carry out, and the raising of temperature can improve the speed of reaction, control electricity
It solves pond temperature and reaction speed also can be changed, too low temperature can stop electrode reaction, stop power supply.
The consumption of heat has, and the start-up course of electrode chamber is that the process of high temperature is progressively increased to by room temperature, and the external world is needed to carry
Heating load；Chlorine, which with magnesium rod enters electrode chamber and to absorb heat, to be heated；The insulating efficiency of electrode chamber is less than absolutely, loss part heat
Amount；Partial heat is taken away in the magnesium chloride outflow of fusing.
The mode for providing heat has, and it is directly heating up to start heater；Using the direct heating by ignition of chlorine and magnesium；Chlorine and
In the electrochemical reaction process of magnesium, heat can be generated.
Each electrode chamber 4 is an independent battery.Chlorine can be continuously inputted, 16, magnesium is inputted, obtains and continues electricity
Stream；It is more active at high temperature because magnesium and chlorine are all electrochemistry active elements, have the possibility of high-power output current；One
Output current can be increased by increasing the quantity of electrode column 9 and surface area in a electrode chamber 4；It can be improved using multiple electrodes room 4
The voltage and power of output；The electric current and voltage of battery output are set various criterion as needed, is made and is set suitable for difference
Standby series electrochemical cell, meets different needs.
The principle of the present invention is as shown in figure 3, the fused salt formula fuel cell being mentioned herein, cathode are active using electrochemistry
Magnesium metal, for anode using the active chlorine of electrochemistry, electrolyte uses their compound magnesium chloride fused salt, composition most simple
Primary battery.
After magnesium chloride melts, the negative ions of good conductivity are formed, chlorine and magnesium, which do not need catalyst, can directly generate electricity
Chemical reaction, structure are shown in schematic diagram.
In electrolytic cell, magnesium chloride is heated to 750 °C or so, it is high temperature solution that magnesium chloride, which melts, and melt is by Cl ﹣ and Mg
﹢ ions form.It is put into magnesium metal in molten surface side, the other side imports chlorine, will produce reduction and oxidation respectively；For
It avoids the leakage of chlorine and magnesium from melting and spontaneous combustion occurs, be all isolated with protective cover.
It is put into the side of magnesium metal, magnesium metal generates oxidation reaction with the Cl ﹣ in melt, and Cl ﹣ generate gravitation to Mg, connecing
Contacting surface forms electric double layer, while the electronics in magnesium metal is repelled, and negative zeta potential is externally generated；
The side of chlorine is imported, chlorine generates reduction reaction with the Mg ﹢ in melt, and Mg ﹢ generate gravitation to Cl, formed in contact surface
Electric double layer generates positive voltage potential.Because chlorine molecule Cl2 is covalent bond, graphite may be used as electrode handle Cl just in poorly conductive
Electromotive force gathers together.
Magnesium metal generates negative zeta potential because of oxidation；Chlorine makes graphite electrode generate positive voltage potential because of reduction；Distinguished with conducting wire
Magnesium metal and graphite electrode are connected, voltage can be generated；The size of voltage is fluctuated because condition difference exists, referring herein in standard
Cl and Mg electrode potentials in electrode potential table, between maximum about 4 volts of difference, continuing output current should be slightly lower, selects 3.7 here
Volt, actual output voltage are corrected again according to test measurement data.
As magnesium metal and chlorine constantly enter melt, the electronics of magnesium metal generates follow current, profit constantly by conducting wire
It can externally be done work with conducting wire output current.
Energy density
The atomic weight 24.3 of Mg, the atomic weight 35.45 of Cl, molecular formula MgCl2 form 1 kilogram of magnesium chloride and need 255.3 grams
Magnesium and 744.7 grams of chlorine；Mole constant 6.02 × 1023；1 electron volts=1.6 × 10-19J；Voltage about 3.7V；
One kilogram of magnesium chloride is formed about to release energy
255.3/24.3 the watt-hour of × 6.02 × 1023 × 2 × 3.7 × 1.6 × 10-19=7.488 × 106 joule=2080/kilogram
In the electrolysis of magnesium chloride, classic electrolytic furnace is electrolysed the electric energy of one kilogram of magnesium chloride about 2.5 kilowatt hours of minimum consumption,
Efficiency is close to 90%, it was demonstrated that the above parameter it is correct.
Theoretically, 255.3 grams of magnesium are often consumed, 744.7 grams of chlorine can generate the electric energy of about 2 kilowatt hours, and energy is close
Degree improves one or two order of magnitude than existing battery, can meet the requirement of manufacture high capacity cell.Magnesium and chlorine as simple substance into
Enter electrolyte, activity is almost that absolutely, the energy conversion efficiency of battery should reach 90%.
Theoretically use the smaller material substitution chlorine of atomic weight and magnesium, it is possible to produce the higher battery of energy density, such as
Using H, Li, Na etc., these materials largely use cathode in many batteries.But the battery category large capacity being discussed herein
Battery, the positive and negative pole material used will appear a large amount of consumption, and one time consumption is even more than hundred tons, these material requirements must be held
It easily obtains and stores, and H, Li, Na ingress of air and water are inflammable and explosive, and special container is needed to store, and not only there is safety problem, but also
Increase battery weight, reduces weight efficiency, it is practical there is no advantage.Magnesium is easy storage under normal conditions, comparatively safe, can be processed into
Shape is needed, battery needs are met, is easy to obtain, the market price is relatively low, has comprehensive advantage as negative material.
Positive electrode has fluorine, oxygen, sulphur, chlorine etc., wherein oxygen and Sulfur capacity easily to form covalent bond, and electrochemistry relative mistake is true
Upper multiple battery complexity and it is inefficient just related with this；Fluorine is more expensive, and compound has severe toxicity more, and processing is inconvenient, there is deficiency；Chlorine
It is easy to form charged ion, electrochemistry is active, though simple substance is toxic, is easy liquefied storage, is easy to be only absorbed by the water, in water
Lower its safety of storage is even better than liquid oxygen, and the chloride after reaction is soluble easily in water, nontoxic, is easily processed or recycles.Chlorine is more
The byproduct of kind electrolytic production, it is cheap, there is comprehensive advantage as positive electrode.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell, including at least one set of battery pack, the battery pack include battery case, the electricity
Pond shell includes shell and upper cover, and the shell and upper cover form a closed electrode chamber, and the inner wall of the electrode chamber is resistance to
Fiery material, electrode chamber top have chlorine that pipe is added, and fused salt conduit is arranged at electrode chamber lower part, and temperature control system is equipped in electrode chamber, described
Temperature control system includes the cooler being arranged on electrode chamber top, and the heater in electrode chamber bottom is arranged, and the upper cover is equipped with
Mounting hole for installing electrode column and conducting wire and the air vent for discharging exhaust gas, which is characterized in that during the electrode column is
The inner wall of empty container, the electrode column is that partition board is made in porous ceramics, and nonaqueous electrolytic solution, the electricity are equipped in the electrode column
The top of pole is equipped with feed inlet, and the lower section of the electrode column is equipped with discharge port, and the outer layer of the partition board is porous graphite electrode,
The magnesium solution of solid magnesium and melting is equipped in the cavity of the electrode column.
2. a kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the partition board is porous
There are the micropore that can adsorb molten-salt electrolysis liquid in ceramics, inside, insert nonaqueous electrolytic solution in hole in advance, partition board is electrode column and electricity
Pole room is isolated, and the magnesium of simple substance and being in direct contact for chlorine are avoided.
3. a kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wire feed is arranged at the feed inlet top
Machine, solid magnesium are strip, and solid magnesium passed through electrode column top feed mouth and electricity was added under the action of wire-feed motor when use
Pole compensates the consumption of magnesium.
4. a kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is chlorination
Magnesium eletrolysis liquid.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810704871.XA CN108550881A (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2018-07-02 | A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell |
| CN201910062309.6A CN110676498B (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2019-01-23 | Molten salt type fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810704871.XA CN108550881A (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2018-07-02 | A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108550881A true CN108550881A (en) | 2018-09-18 |
Family
ID=63494214
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810704871.XA Pending CN108550881A (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2018-07-02 | A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell |
| CN201910062309.6A Active CN110676498B (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2019-01-23 | Molten salt type fuel cell |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910062309.6A Active CN110676498B (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2019-01-23 | Molten salt type fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN108550881A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109841931A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-04 | 成都天智轻量化科技有限公司 | Chlorine-magnesium fuel cell |
| CN111129561A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-08 | 西安交通大学 | Molten salt electrolyte direct carbon fuel cell device capable of continuously supplying materials |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115432780A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-12-06 | 苏州云逸航空复合材料结构有限公司 | Seawater treatment apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5292598A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1994-03-08 | Stuart Rosner | Method for renewing fuel cells using magnesium anodes |
| JPH06267553A (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-22 | Nippon Steel Corp | Chlorine side electrode of metal-chlorine fuel cell and the metal-chlorine fuel cell |
| CN105322206A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-10 | 赵庆红 | Magnesium fuel cell |
| CN106602181A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-04-26 | 西华大学 | Chlorine-magnesium battery and energy storage method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-07-02 CN CN201810704871.XA patent/CN108550881A/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-01-23 CN CN201910062309.6A patent/CN110676498B/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109841931A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-04 | 成都天智轻量化科技有限公司 | Chlorine-magnesium fuel cell |
| CN109841931B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2024-01-09 | 成都天智轻量化科技有限公司 | Magnesium chloride fuel cell |
| CN111129561A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-08 | 西安交通大学 | Molten salt electrolyte direct carbon fuel cell device capable of continuously supplying materials |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110676498B (en) | 2023-01-06 |
| CN110676498A (en) | 2020-01-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1142608C (en) | Electroconversion cell | |
| CA2769559C (en) | Method for co-generation of electric energy and hydrogen | |
| CN107403887B (en) | A kind of liquid metal cell device and its assembly method | |
| CN108550881A (en) | A kind of AIP fused salts formula fuel cell | |
| Tolmachev | Hydrogen-halogen electrochemical cells: A review of applications and technologies | |
| CN110661062B (en) | Metal-water-air battery | |
| TWI469435B (en) | Seawater battery | |
| CN107758613A (en) | Peak-shaving energy storage system for combined electrolytic aluminum and molten aluminum reaction hydrogen production | |
| CN110729470A (en) | Positive electrode material of liquid or semi-liquid metal battery, preparation method and application | |
| CN109037552A (en) | A kind of preparation method of the diaphragm material for sodium-sulphur battery | |
| CN106532145A (en) | Liquid metal battery | |
| CN106119886A (en) | A kind of method of pressurize electrolysis bath and intensified electrolysis | |
| CN109950640B (en) | Metal graphite medium-temperature energy storage battery and preparation method thereof | |
| Zhou et al. | Strategies toward anode stabilization in nonaqueous alkali metal–oxygen batteries | |
| CN110148779A (en) | Application, low temperature liquid molten salt lithium battery and preparation method of the LiI-KI eutectic salts in low temperature liquid molten salt lithium battery | |
| CN106602181A (en) | Chlorine-magnesium battery and energy storage method thereof | |
| Austin | Fuel cells-A review of government-sponsored research, 1950-1964 | |
| CN206672973U (en) | A kind of battery steel shell structure | |
| KR20190006375A (en) | Redox Flow Battery using Sodium-Biphenyl | |
| CN104393370A (en) | Aluminum alloy air battery device | |
| CN108063271A (en) | A kind of half flow battery | |
| CN208690391U (en) | A kind of chargeable zinc air redox flow cell device | |
| Iordache et al. | The Chemical Stability of NASICON Solid Electrolyte for Seawater Batteries | |
| US20200308715A1 (en) | Method for storing electrical energy in solid matter | |
| US20210367275A1 (en) | Metal-acid-hydrogen energy battery |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20180918 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |