CN108547871A - Axi-symmetric Contraction and its design method for high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer - Google Patents
Axi-symmetric Contraction and its design method for high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108547871A CN108547871A CN201810657993.8A CN201810657993A CN108547871A CN 108547871 A CN108547871 A CN 108547871A CN 201810657993 A CN201810657993 A CN 201810657993A CN 108547871 A CN108547871 A CN 108547871A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
- F16C32/0614—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Axi-symmetric Contractions for high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer, including cylindrical contraction section (1), the centrosymmetric curved surface of upper and lower opening is equipped in cylindrical contraction section (1), the curved surface is that curve HA is surrounded around 360 ° of the center axis rotation of cylindrical contraction section (1), and by three sections, first circle tangent arc HG, the second circular arc GN, third circular arc NA are formed the curve HA two-by-two.The present invention significantly reduces the difficulty of processing and manufacturing cost of contraction section when being designed using high-order full curve.It is this three sections of tangent arc Axi-symmetric Contractions are assembled together with interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity after the air flow stabilizing device that is formed, when being supplied to high pressure disk gas bearing, not uniform enough the air-flow that steam line conveying can be made, become the fabulous bearing changeover portion inlet air flow of uniformity, into bearing after make in disk gas bearing air film interior flow field steadily and uniformly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stabilising arrangements that hydrostatic gas-lubricated bearing under high supply gas pressure inputs air-flow, relate in particular to be used for
The Axi-symmetric Contraction and its design method of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer.
Background technology
" a kind of high pressure disk using disymmetry contraction section gas supply stops the patent of invention of Patent No. 201610049454.7
Push away gas bearing and design method ", by the airflow design to bearing arrangement, the supersonic speed for realizing bearing clearance goes out stream,
Eliminate the limitation of supply gas pressure.But steam line is conveyed to the pressure-air of bearing, velocity uniformity enters with bearing changeover portion
Velocity uniformity required by mouthful section differs greatly, it is therefore desirable to and an air flow stabilizing device improves the uniformity of air-flow,
This device is known as pressure stabilizing cavity.
A kind of application for a patent for invention " column symmetry supplied to high pressure disk gas bearing of Publication No. CN106678179
Interior circumferential direction jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity ", uses for reference the operation principle of plane impact stream, constructs interior circumferential collision jet, jet stream radially towards
While the symmetry axis flowing of inner cavity, in the axial direction from the trepanning outflow for the side that is connected with bearing.Inside at circumferential collision jet
It when stablizing separation stream mode, crosses on the arbitrary section of central axis, flow field parameter is just the same, and the flow field in pressure stabilizing cavity is reason
The two-dimentional column symmetry flowing thought, can flow with the two-dimentional column symmetry in high pressure Circular Thrust gas bearing runner and be matched.
But since above-mentioned interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity is using equal diameter cylinder and the direct-connected structure type of equal diameter bearing changeover portion, from steady
Press chamber to bearing changeover portion, flow area generation suddenly change so that the flow velocity on changeover portion entrance section on the outside of axis is apparent
More than the flow velocity of central area, velocity uniformity is still not ideal enough.
In order to further increase the velocity uniformity on changeover portion entrance section, the equal diameter inner cavity for realizing pressure stabilizing cavity is needed
It is seamlessly transitted with the realization of bearing changeover portion entrance, i.e., to add contraction section between inner cavity and bearing changeover portion entrance.At present
Some contraction section curves include Vickers curve, cube curve and five power curves, these curves are all the full curves of high-order.
The diameter very little of bearing changeover portion, about 10mm, from mechanical processing technique it is found that the inner surface of small-bore high-order full curve adds
Work is very difficult, and manufacturing cost is very high.
It can be seen that existing curve shrinkage section, is not suitable for the equal diameter inner cavity for connecting interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity
With bearing changeover portion entrance；Current air flow stabilizing device cannot still meet to high pressure disk gas bearing and provide foot well
Enough stabilization, the condition of uniform air flow.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of axis pair formed with three sections of tangent arcs is provided
Claim contraction section and its design method, significantly reduces the difficulty of processing of contraction section and manufacture when being designed using high-order full curve
Cost.It is this three sections of tangent arc Axi-symmetric Contractions are assembled together with interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity after the air-flow that is formed it is steady
Determine device, when being supplied to high pressure disk gas bearing, not uniform enough the air-flow that steam line conveying can be made becomes uniform
Property fabulous bearing changeover portion inlet air flow, into bearing after make in disk gas bearing air film interior flow field steadily and uniformly.
The high pressure Circular Thrust gas bearing (Patent No. 2016100494547) of disymmetry contraction section gas supply can be used with existing patent
It matches.
The operation principle of the present invention is that：The inner curve formed with the different but tangent to each other circular arc of three sections of radiuses, realize from
The interior circumferential jet stream voltage stabilizing cavity wall of major diameter, is smoothly transition into the bearing changeover portion air vent inner wall of minor diameter.Change three
Projected length ratio of the section circular arc on axis, the shape for the curve that three sections of tangent arcs are formed also change therewith, can be with
By adjusting projected length ratio, to obtain the required ideal flow field of certain specific size constant-current stabilizer.
The present invention is used for the Axi-symmetric Contraction of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer, including cylindrical contraction section 1, circle
The centrosymmetric curved surface of upper and lower opening is equipped in cylindricality contraction section 1, the curved surface is curve HA around the center of cylindrical contraction section 1
Axis, which is rotated by 360 °, to be surrounded, and the curve HA is by three sections of first circle tangent arc HG, the second circular arc GN, third circular arc NA groups two-by-two
At.
The first circular arc HG and interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity inner cylindrical wall face are tangent, radius R1It is steady equal to interior circumferential jet stream
The radius of intracavitary cylinder, center of circle E points is pressed to be located at the center of circle of the big end end face 2 of cylindrical contraction section；
The internal face of the third circular arc NA and changeover portion air vent 18 are tangent, radius R3, K points in the center of circle are positioned at cylindrical contraction
On the small end end face 4 of section；
The radius of the second circular arc GN is R2, F points in the center of circle are located on the extended line of GE；Second circular arc GN and the first circular arc HG phases
It is cut in endpoint G, the second circular arc GN and third circular arc NA and is tangential on endpoint N；
The radius R of second circular arc GN2With the radius R of third circular arc NA3Meet following equations：
(1)
(2)
In formula, rKIndicate the radial coordinate of K points；rNIndicate the radial coordinate of N points； rFIndicate the radial coordinate of F points； zKIt indicates
The axial coordinate of K points； zNIndicate the axial coordinate of N points； zFIndicate the axial coordinate of F points.
The invention also provides a kind of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizers, including upper work disk 11 disposed in parallel
With lower work disk 12, gas lubrication film, 11 center of upper work disk are constituted between upper work disk 11 and lower work disk 12
It is provided with changeover portion air vent 18, for introducing air-flow；Upper work disk 11 also with the upper Axi-symmetric Contraction 10 of upstream, upper steady
Pressure chamber cavity 5, which is sequentially connected, to be connect；18 downstream of changeover portion air vent is equipped with the disymmetry contraction section of surface modeling, and being used for will be axial low
Fast incoming smoothly accelerates as radial subsonic speed or supersonic airstream；Be provided in lower work disk 12 in upper work disk 11
Symmetrical changeover portion air vent, axisymmetric contraction section 13 and lower pressure stabilizing cavity cavity 16 down；Work disk（11、12）Changeover portion
Air vent and Axi-symmetric Contraction（10、13）The inner cavity of small end end face 4 is connected smoothly, Axi-symmetric Contraction（10、13）Greatly
Hold inner cavity and the pressure stabilizing cavity cavity of end face 2（5、16）Inner cavity be connected smoothly.
Upper 5 outer, coaxial of pressure stabilizing cavity cavity is provided with circulating line 8, and upper 5 inner wall of pressure stabilizing cavity cavity circumferentially opens up
There are annular groove, annular groove to be used to the gas in circulating line 8 introducing inside cavity and form interior circumferential jet stream；The lower pressure stabilizing cavity chamber
The circulating line and annular groove symmetrical above and below with upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity 5 are provided on body 16.
Circular through hole is also distributed along the circumference with inside upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity 5, circular through hole one end is connected with annular groove, round
The through-hole other end is connected by quick-release connector 6 with circulating line 8 by quick-release connector 6 and the high-voltage tube 7 then high-voltage tube 7 that is connected
It is logical；It is provided with circular through hole, quick-release connector and the high pressure symmetrical above and below with upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity 5 on the lower pressure stabilizing cavity cavity 16
Pipe.
The annular groove, circular through hole, quick-release connector 6, high-voltage tube 7, circulating line 8 center line be respectively positioned on same level
Face.
Straight-through type pipe joint 14 is additionally provided with outside the circulating line 8.
Supporting rack（9、15）For circulating line 8 to be separately fixed at upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity 5, lower pressure stabilizing cavity cavity 16.
Design method of the present invention for the Axi-symmetric Contraction of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer, including walk as follows
Suddenly：
1, known interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity intracavity diameter is D；In draw ratio range L/D=0.5~1, contraction section major diameter is selected
Than, and then determine the length L of contraction section；
2, projected length ratio a of three sections of circular arcs on axis is first given:b:C finds out the throwing on each comfortable axis of three sections of circular arcs
Length DJ, JP, PM of shadow；
3, the first arc radius R is enabled1Equal to the half of interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity intracavity diameter D；With contraction section big end end face
Center of circle E is the center of circle so that the first circular arc is tangential on H points with pressure stabilizing cavity internal face；Make radius by the center of circle of E as R1Circular arc, cross J
Point is parallel to the straight line of big end end face, intersects at G points with the circular arc, obtains the first circular arc HG；
4, the center of circle K of a diameter of d of known changeover portion air vent, third circular arc are located on the end face of contraction section small end, the seat of K points
It is designated as (- R3- d/2,0) so that third circular arc is tangential on A points with changeover portion air vent internal face；
5, the second circular arc and the first circular arc are tangential on G points, if the center of circle of the second circular arc is in F points, then G points, F points and E points must be same
On straight line；Second circular arc is tangential on N points with third circular arc, then K points, N points and F points also must be on same straight lines；Cross P points
It is parallel to the straight line of small end end face, N points are on this straight line, therefore the z of N points is equal to the length of PM to coordinate；
6, R is equal to according to the distance of K points to N points3, K points to F points distance be equal to R2+R3, can list about unknown quantity R2、R3
Two equations：
(1)
(2)
In formula, rKIndicate the radial coordinate of K points；rNIndicate the radial coordinate of N points； rFIndicate the radial coordinate of F points； zKIt indicates
The axial coordinate of K points； zNIndicate the axial coordinate of N points； zFIndicate the axial coordinate of F points；
7, formula (1) is substituted into formula (2), obtains one about R2Equation with one unknown quantity, using dichotomy programming find out unknown number R2, into
And find out R3；It is assured that corresponding certain projected length ratio a in this way:b:The specific shape of three sections of tangent arc curves when c
Shape；
8, the projected length ratio for changing three sections of circular arcs is a:b:The value range of c, wherein a, b, c are [1,3], arranged group
Cooperate several curves of different shapes；Whole curves are drawn in mapping software；
9, high pressure disk gas bearing, all three sections of tangent arc curves and high-order full curve contraction section, interior circumferential direction is established to penetrate
The integrated geometrical model of pressure stabilizing cavity is flowed, two-dimentional computational domain is built；Mesh generation is carried out to two-dimentional computational domain, establishes and calculates fluid
Mechanical model carries out steady flow field numerical simulation；
10, different projected length ratio a are analyzed:b:When c, the streamline distributions in contraction section；Contraction section small end end face is attached
Corresponding projected length ratio when closely streamline distribution is most uniform is determined as corresponding to the pairing of circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity in a certain size
Projection ratio of the three sections of circular arcs of contraction section on axis；To design the curve shape of three sections of required tangent arcs.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, structure novel significantly reduces the difficulty of processing and manufacturing cost of contraction section.The three sections of circular arcs tangent to each other proposed
Profile Design scheme, than the molded line of traditional high-order full curve, processing is got up relatively easy.It can be replaced with smart car circular arc
Camber grinding, machining process are significantly simplified.
2, using effect is good.The Axi-symmetric Contraction that this three sections of tangent arcs are formed is cut crossing the arbitrary of central axis
On face, flow field parameter is just the same, can in pressure stabilizing cavity the two-dimentional column symmetry flowing of ideal and high pressure disk gas bearing
Matched well is realized in two-dimentional column symmetry flowing in runner.By three sections of tangent arc Axi-symmetric Contractions and interior circumferential jet stream voltage stabilizing
The air flow stabilizing device that chamber is formed after being assembled together can be such that steam line conveys when being supplied to high pressure disk gas bearing
Not uniform enough the air-flow come, becomes the good bearing changeover portion inlet air flow of uniformity.
3, the method wide adaptability, flexibility ratio are high.As shrinkage ratio (D/d)2When reaching 324, three sections of phases are still can be designed that
The molded line of circle of contact arc.At shrinkage ratio (D/d)2, shrink in the case that segment length L determines, can be by adjusting three sections of circular arcs in axis
The length ratio projected on line obtains the required ideal flow field of certain specific size constant-current stabilizer.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the present invention for the Axi-symmetric Contraction of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer；
Fig. 3 is the gas flow schematic diagram of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer；
Fig. 4 is computational domain composition and boundary condition schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is Vickers curve, five power curves and 1:3:The shape comparison diagram of 1 three sections of tangent arc curves；
Fig. 6 is difference five power curve of adapted and 1:3:The constant-current stabilizer of 1 three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage sections is in contraction section
Velocity distribution curve on small end end face；
Fig. 7 is gas flow schematic diagram when only interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity makees constant-current stabilizer；
Fig. 8 is adapted 1:3:The constant-current stabilizer of 1 three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage sections and the interior circumferential direction of adapted contraction section is not penetrated
Flow pressure stabilizing cavity, the velocity distribution curve on bearing changeover portion entrance section；
Streamline distribution figure when Fig. 9 is circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity in only having near bearing changeover portion entrance section；
Figure 10 is the streamline distribution figure near bearing changeover portion entrance section, a when assembling three sections of tangent arc contraction sections:b:c=1:
3:1；
Figure 11 is the shape comparison diagram of three sections of tangent arc curves of five power curves and different projected length ratios.
Figure 12 is the inside stream using five power curve contraction sections and the constant-current stabilizer after interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity assembly
Line chart；
Figure 13 is the inner flow-line using three sections of tangent arc contraction sections and the constant-current stabilizer after interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity assembly
Figure, a:b:c=1:3:1；
After Figure 14 is the constant-current stabilizer being assembled to form with interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity using three sections of tangent arc contraction sections, between bearing
Velocity distribution curve on gap outlet, a:b:c=1:3:1；
In figure, 1 is cylindrical contraction section, and 3 be bolt；2, the 4 big end end face and small end end face for contraction section；5 be upper pressure stabilizing cavity
Cavity, 6 be quick-release connector, and 7 be high-voltage tube, and 8 be circulating line, and 9,15 be supporting rack, and 10 be upper Axi-symmetric Contraction, 11,12
The respectively upper and lower work disk of bearing, 13 be axisymmetric contraction section, and 14 be straight-through type pipe joint, and 16 be lower pressure stabilizing cavity chamber
Body, 17 export for bearing clearance, and 18 be changeover portion air vent.
Z-direction indicates that the axis direction of pressure stabilizing cavity or bearing disk, the directions r indicate the radial direction side of pressure stabilizing cavity or bearing in figure
To.
The geometric parameter of pressure stabilizing cavity with contraction section cooperation is：Intracavity diameter D is equal to 180mm, and changeover portion supplies bore dia d
Equal to 10mm.Cavity length L1Equal to 80mm, annular groove is opened in the center of inner cavity, and annular groove width of jet b is equal to 10mm.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the Axi-symmetric Contraction for high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer.Contraction section
With the system structure after bearing, pressure stabilizing cavity assembly referring to Fig. 2.Since the high pressure disk gas bearing of disymmetry uses disymmetry knot
Structure, corresponding constant-current stabilizer is also using the form being arranged symmetrically above and below.Disk coordinates with upper contraction section small end end face on bearing,
Upper contraction section big end end face and the lower face of upper pressure stabilizing cavity coordinate, and are fixed with bolts together.According to interior circumferential jet stream
The Parameters design of pressure stabilizing cavity determines that pressure stabilizing cavity internal diameter D is 180mm, and the diameter d of changeover portion air vent 18 is 10mm.In Fig. 2
The mode that contraction section and bearing disk, pressure stabilizing cavity are fixed together is had very much, this scheme is one of them, and others are solid
Determine mode and is all suitable for the present invention.
Contraction section shown in FIG. 1 is L in the total length of axis direction, and inner surface molded line is by three sections of circular arcs tangent to each other
HG, GN, NA are formed.The inner cavity wall surface of first circular arc HG and pressure stabilizing cavity is tangent, radius R1Equal to interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity inner cavity
Radius, center of circle E points are located at the center of circle of the big end end face 2 of contraction section, and the length that the first circular arc HG is projected on axis is equal to DJ, G
Point is the point of contact of the first circular arc and the second circular arc.The internal face of third circular arc NA and changeover portion air vent 18 is tangent, radius R3,
K points in the center of circle are located on the small end end face of contraction section, and the length projected on axis is equal to PM, and N points are third circular arc and the second circle
The point of contact of arc.The radius of second circular arc GN is R2, F points in the center of circle are located on the extended line of GE；Second circular arc GN connections first, third
Circular arc, the length projected on axis are equal to JP.Projected length ratio of three sections of circular arcs on axis is DJ:JP:PM.Three sections of phases
The curve that circle of contact arc is linked to be is rotated by 360 ° around symmetry axis, forms the inner cavity curved surface of Axi-symmetric Contraction proposed by the present invention.
The design process example of three sections of tangent arc curves is as follows：
Contraction section draw ratio L/D=2/3 is selected, then shrinks segment length L and can be identified as 120mm.Three sections of circular arcs are first given on axis
Projected length ratio a:b:c=1:3:1, then can find out the length DJ=24mm, JP of the projection on each comfortable axis of three sections of circular arcs=
72mm,PM=24mm.Enable the first arc radius R1=D/2=90mm makees radius using the center of circle E points of contraction section big end end face as the center of circle
For the circular arc of 90mm, the straight line that J points are parallel to big end end face is crossed, G points are intersected at the circular arc, G points are the first circular arc and the
The point of contact of two circular arcs obtains the first circular arc HG.
Using dichotomy Program about unknown quantity R2、R3Two equations：
(1)
(2)
In formula, rKIndicate the radial coordinate of K points；rNIndicate the radial coordinate of N points； rFIndicate the radial coordinate of F points； zKIt indicates
The axial coordinate of K points； zNIndicate the axial coordinate of N points； zFIndicate the axial coordinate of F points.
R can be calculated2=108.04mm, R3=25.72mm.Find out R3After, so that it may to determine the position of third circular arc center of circle K
It sets.Using K as the center of circle, make the circular arc that radius is 25.72mm, crosses the straight line that P points are parallel to small end end face, intersected at the circular arc
N points, N points are the point of contacts of third circular arc and the second circular arc, and NA is exactly third circular arc.The perpendicular bisector for making line segment NG, with line segment GE's
Extended line meets at F points, and F points are the centers of circle of the second circular arc.Using F as the center of circle, make the circular arc that radius is 108.04mm, the starting point of circular arc
It is G, terminal is N, obtains the second circular arc GN.In this way, three sections of tangent circular arc HG, GN, NA completely make.Three sections of tangent arcs
The curve being linked to be is rotated by 360 ° around symmetry axis, forms the inner cavity curved surface of Axi-symmetric Contraction proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity and the gas flow schematic diagram in the constant-current stabilizer of contraction section composition in column symmetry,
Take the length L of pressure stabilizing cavity inner cavity1Equal to 80mm, width b=10mm of annular groove, annular groove is taken to be arranged symmetrically in pressure stabilizing cavity.In Fig. 3
The gas mobility status that can be intuitive to see in constant-current stabilizer is a kind of two-dimentional column symmetry flow field.The interior circumferential direction of annular groove outflow
While jet stream is flowed to symmetry axis, shock is generated, is gradually converted into the axial stream flowed to small end along the big end of contraction section.By
In shrinkage ratio (i.e. (D/d)2=324) very big, the big whirlpool group that big end can be brought into downstream is gradually crushed, and streamline tends to be uniformly flat
Row, to form the good air-flow of the uniformity on contraction section small end outlet.
Establish high pressure disk gas bearing, contraction section be assembled together with interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity to be formed it is integrated several
What model can be by computational domain letter since the model is symmetrical about disk axis axial symmetry and bearing clearance central cross-sectional plane
The a quarter of master mould is turned to, as shown in Figure 4.Bearing geometric parameter is：Clearance height is 0.2mm, disc radius 60mm,
Supply gas pressure 10atm.The setting of boundary condition is as shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 5 shows Vickers curve, five power curves and 1:3:The shape comparison diagram of 1 three sections of tangent arc curves.Cause
It is cube curve and five power curve shapes very close to omitting cube curve in Fig. 5.As can be seen from Figure 5, Vickers curve exists
The contraction of big end the initial segment is exceedingly fast, and loses the flatness from big end to small end transition, is not suitable for the contraction section of big shrinkage ratio.
The contraction section of molded line and three sections of tangent circles proposed by the present invention are made using high-order full curve in order to more existing
Arc makees the contraction section of molded line, the similarities and differences on exit flow field uniformity coefficient, and Fig. 6 shows five power curve of adapted and 1 respectively:3:
The constant-current stabilizer of 1 three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage sections is in bearing changeover portion entrance section (i.e. contraction section small end outlet)
The comparison of upper velocity distribution curve.It can be seen that in addition to boundary layer region, five power curve contraction sections are in bearing changeover portion entrance
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION on section is a flat straightway, and flow field uniformity is quite ideal.Flow quality is pursued for extreme
Wind Tunnel Contraction is worth using five power curve contraction sections.1:3:1 three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage sections are in bearing mistake
The flatness for the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION crossed on section entrance section is slightly poorer than five power curve contraction sections, but for high pressure disk gas bearing
For this application scenario, the flatness of velocity distribution curve is enough.
As shown in Figure 7 (referring to the invention of Publication No. CN106678179 when constant-current stabilizer only has interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity
Patent application).In Fig. 7, distance H of the annular groove away from bearing disk outer surface is 70mm, and the distance I away from inner cavity top is 40mm.
Fig. 8 shows adapted 1:3:The constant-current stabilizer of 1 three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage sections and not adapted contraction section
Interior circumferential direction jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity, the comparison of velocity distribution curve on bearing changeover portion entrance section.It can be seen that circumferential direction is penetrated in only
When flowing pressure stabilizing cavity, since there is sharply changing sections on pressure stabilizing cavity outlet, incoming streamline is not parallel, leads to mainstream core space
Speed is significantly less than the speed of core space outer layer, and the velocity uniformity in whole cross section is not ideal enough.The speed of mainstream core space
The maximum speed of about 70m/s, core space outer layer are about 90m/s.And three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage sections are penetrated with interior circumferential direction
After stream pressure stabilizing cavity is assembled into constant-current stabilizer, on bearing changeover portion entrance section, the core space flow velocity outside boundary layer is about 38m/
S, and the uniformity of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is good.This illustrates the necessity for adding three sections of tangent arc contraction sections, also fully anti-
It mirrors the present invention and is used for the importance that the Axi-symmetric Contraction of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer works normally bearing.
To bearing changeover portion inlet air flow uniformity whether in order to more intuitively compare three sections of tangent arc contraction sections of assembly
Influence, streamline distribution when Fig. 9 shows circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity in only near bearing changeover portion entrance section, Figure 10 shows
Assembly 1 is gone out:3:Streamline distribution when 1 three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage sections near bearing changeover portion entrance section.From Fig. 9
It can be seen that, (section at X=40mm) there is sharply changing sections on bearing changeover portion entrance section, although the streamline base of core space
It is parallel with symmetry axis in sheet, but the outermost streamline of core space almost enters bearing changeover portion entrance at an angle of 90 with the axis of symmetry
Section.And then after changeover portion entrance section, there is flow separation in air vent near wall.Due to the presence of Disengagement zone,
So that the practical flow area of runner reduces, causes the flowing velocity of core space to increase (about 70m/s), increase flow losses.
As can be seen from Figure 10, using 1:3:After 1 three sections of tangent arc curve shrinkage section water conservancy diversion, on bearing changeover portion entrance section (X=
Section at 40mm) streamline simulation is fine, eliminates the flow separation being likely to occur, and practical flow area is supplied close to changeover portion
The cross-sectional area of stomata 18 makes the flowing velocity of core space be substantially reduced (about 38m/s), efficiently reduces flow losses.
In order to select rational ratio from three sections of different circular projection's length ratios, with obtain with Fig. 2,3 in D=
180mm、L1The suitable three sections of tangent arc curves of interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity of=80mm, b=10mm, Figure 11 show whole
Three sections of tangent arc curves are compared with the shape of five power curves.It can be seen that：This 16 kinds of three sections of tangent arc curves, substantially may be used
It is divided into two classes：One kind is shape and the three sections of tangent arc curves of five power curves relatively, such as 2:1:3、1:1:2 etc.；Separately
One kind is three sections of tangent arc curves that shape deviates five power curves, such as 1:3:1、2:3:1 etc..The close curve of shape, stream
Property also close to.
Figure 12 shows the interior of the constant-current stabilizer after being assembled with interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity using five power curve contraction sections
Portion's motion pattern.It can be seen that its internal huge whirlpool formed occupies the normal position of interior circumferential jet stack, gas is from annular groove
It is extruded after spout outflow, is biased to wall surface, and along wall surface to contraction section output flow, flowing point is formed again at the middle part of contraction section
From just forming more uniform streamline when being exported with a distance from not far from contraction section.Such whirlpool and streamline distribution show
The stability of flowing is insufficient.Therefore, should not three sections of tangent arc curves being close with five power curves of selected shape, and answer
Selected shape deviates three sections of tangent arc curves of five power curves.
As can be seen from Figure 11, three sections of tangent arc projected length ratios are 1:3:When 1, three sections of tangent arc curves are most
To deviate five power curves.Stable interior circumferential jet stream is formd inside it as can be seen from Figure 13, then is changed into and is evenly distributed
Streamline along the direction of symmetry axis is parallel to towards contraction section output flow, this streamline distribution is to be easy to stable state.Therefore
It can determine that the projected length ratio of three sections of tangent arc curves of design is 1:3:1.
It is seen from figure 14 that on outlet in addition to very thin boundary layer, main flow area is completely in supersonic condition, and
Mach number variation is smaller, and Velocity Profiles are more uniform, meet the design requirement of high pressure disk gas bearing.
It can be seen that using the Axi-symmetric Contraction of three sections of tangent arc curve forms, filled with interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity
It can to the high pressure Circular Thrust gas bearing gas supply supplied using disymmetry contraction section with the constant-current stabilizer formed together
Meet the airflow homogeneity condition of bearing changeover portion entrance, and bearing clearance outlet made to realize Supersonic Flow well,
Design theory research for high pressure disk gas bearing provides advantage.Meanwhile this three sections of tangent arc curve forms
Axi-symmetric Contraction, can be to avoid using having the high cost and high processing that high-order full curve is brought as contraction section molded line
Difficulty.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Axi-symmetric Contraction for high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer, it is characterised in that：It is received including cylinder
Contracting section (1), cylindrical contraction section (1) is interior to be equipped with the centrosymmetric curved surface of upper and lower opening, and the curved surface is curve HA around cylinder
360 ° of the center axis rotation of contraction section (1) surrounds, and the curve HA is by three sections of first circle tangent arc HG, second circular arcs two-by-two
GN, third circular arc NA compositions.
2. Axi-symmetric Contraction as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The first circular arc HG and interior circumferential jet stream voltage stabilizing
Intracavitary cylinder wall surface is tangent, radius R1Equal to the radius of cylinder in interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity, E points in the center of circle are located at cylindrical shrink
The center of circle of the big end end face (2) of section；
The internal face of the third circular arc NA and changeover portion air vent (18) are tangent, radius R3, K points in the center of circle are positioned at cylindrical receipts
On the small end end face (4) of contracting section；
The radius of the second circular arc GN is R2, F points in the center of circle are located on the extended line of GE；Second circular arc GN and the first circular arc HG phases
It is cut in endpoint G, the second circular arc GN and third circular arc NA and is tangential on endpoint N；
The radius R of second circular arc GN2With the radius R of third circular arc NA3Meet following equations：
(1)
(2)
In formula, rKIndicate the radial coordinate of K points；rNIndicate the radial coordinate of N points； rFIndicate the radial coordinate of F points； zKIndicate K
The axial coordinate of point； zNIndicate the axial coordinate of N points； zFIndicate the axial coordinate of F points.
3. a kind of high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer, it is characterised in that：Including upper work disk (11) disposed in parallel and
Lower work disk (12) constitutes gas lubrication film, upper work disk between upper work disk (11) and lower work disk (12)
(11) it is provided centrally with changeover portion air vent (18), for introducing air-flow；Upper work disk (11) also with the upper axial symmetry of upstream
Contraction section (10), upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (5) are sequentially connected and connect；Changeover portion air vent (18) downstream is equipped with the disymmetry of surface modeling
Contraction section, for smoothly accelerating axial low speed incoming as radial subsonic speed or supersonic airstream；On lower work disk (12)
It is provided with the changeover portion air vent symmetrical above and below with upper work disk (11), axisymmetric contraction section (13) and lower pressure stabilizing cavity cavity
(16)；The changeover portion air vent of work disk (11,12) and the inner cavity of Axi-symmetric Contraction (10,13) small end end face (4) are smooth
Transition connects, and the inner cavity and the inner cavity of pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (5,16) of Axi-symmetric Contraction (10,13) big end end face (2) seamlessly transit
Connection.
4. high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity
(5) outer, coaxial is provided with circulating line (8), and upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (5) inner wall circumferentially offers annular groove, and annular groove is used for ring
Gas in shape pipeline (8) introduces inside cavity and forms interior circumferential jet stream；Be provided on the lower pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (16) with
Upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (5) circulating line and annular groove symmetrical above and below.
5. high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：In upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (5)
Portion is also distributed along the circumference with circular through hole, and circular through hole one end is connected with annular groove, and the circular through hole other end passes through quick-release connector
(6) the then high-voltage tube (7) that is connected with high-voltage tube (7) is connected by quick-release connector (6) with circulating line (8)；It is described lower steady
It is provided with circular through hole, quick-release connector and the high-voltage tube symmetrical above and below with upper pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (5) on pressure chamber cavity (16).
6. high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The annular groove, circular through hole,
Quick-release connector (6), high-voltage tube (7), circulating line (8) center line be respectively positioned on same level.
7. high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Supporting rack (9,15) is used for will
Circulating line (8) is separately fixed at pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (5), on lower pressure stabilizing cavity cavity (16).
8. the design method of the Axi-symmetric Contraction as claimed in claim 1 or 2 for high pressure disk gas bearing constant-current stabilizer,
It is characterized by comprising following steps：
（1）Known interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity intracavity diameter is D；In draw ratio range L/D=0.5~1, segment length is shunk in selection
Diameter ratio, and then determine the length L of contraction section；
（2）First give projected length ratio a of three sections of circular arcs on axis:b:C finds out the throwing on each comfortable axis of three sections of circular arcs
Length DJ, JP, PM of shadow；
（3）Enable the first arc radius R1Equal to the half of interior circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity intracavity diameter D；With contraction section big end end face
Center of circle E is the center of circle so that the first circular arc is tangential on H points with pressure stabilizing cavity internal face；Make radius by the center of circle of E as R1Circular arc, cross J
Point is parallel to the straight line of big end end face, intersects at G points with the circular arc, obtains the first circular arc HG；
（4）The center of circle K of a diameter of d of known changeover portion air vent, third circular arc are located on the end face of contraction section small end, K points
Coordinate is (- R3- d/2,0) so that third circular arc is tangential on A points with changeover portion air vent internal face；
（5）Second circular arc and the first circular arc are tangential on G points, if the center of circle of the second circular arc is in F points, then G points, F points and E points must be same
On straight line；Second circular arc is tangential on N points with third circular arc, then K points, N points and F points also must be on same straight lines；Cross P points
It is parallel to the straight line of small end end face, N points are on this straight line, therefore the z of N points is equal to the length of PM to coordinate；
（6）It is equal to R according to the distance of K points to N points3, K points to F points distance be equal to R2+R3, can list about unknown quantity R2、R3
Two equations：
(1)
(2)
In formula, rKIndicate the radial coordinate of K points；rNIndicate the radial coordinate of N points；rFIndicate the radial coordinate of F points；zKIndicate K points
Axial coordinate；zNIndicate the axial coordinate of N points；zFIndicate the axial coordinate of F points；
（7）Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2), obtains one about R2Equation with one unknown quantity, using dichotomy programming find out unknown number R2, into
And find out R3；It is assured that corresponding certain projected length ratio a in this way:b:The specific shape of three sections of tangent arc curves when c
Shape；
（8）The projected length ratio for changing three sections of circular arcs is a:b:The value range of c, wherein a, b, c are [1,3], arranged
Several curves of different shapes are made in combination；Whole curves are drawn in mapping software；
（9）High pressure disk gas bearing, all three sections of tangent arc curves and high-order full curve contraction section, interior circumferential direction is established to penetrate
The integrated geometrical model of pressure stabilizing cavity is flowed, two-dimentional computational domain is built；Mesh generation is carried out to two-dimentional computational domain, establishes and calculates fluid
Mechanical model carries out steady flow field numerical simulation；
（10）Analyze different projected length ratio a:b:When c, the streamline distributions in contraction section；Contraction section small end end face is attached
Corresponding projected length ratio when closely streamline distribution is most uniform is determined as corresponding to the pairing of circumferential jet stream pressure stabilizing cavity in a certain size
Projection ratio of the three sections of circular arcs of contraction section on axis；To design the curve shape of three sections of required tangent arcs.
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