CN108544753B - Bidirectional powder spreading device, powder supplying and spreading device and additive manufacturing equipment - Google Patents
Bidirectional powder spreading device, powder supplying and spreading device and additive manufacturing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108544753B CN108544753B CN201810425363.8A CN201810425363A CN108544753B CN 108544753 B CN108544753 B CN 108544753B CN 201810425363 A CN201810425363 A CN 201810425363A CN 108544753 B CN108544753 B CN 108544753B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 563
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a bidirectional powder spreading device which comprises a powder spreading mechanism. The powder spreading mechanism comprises a powder supply piece, a scraper seat and a scraper; the powder supply piece is arranged on the scraper seat, and the scraper is fixed at the bottom of the scraper seat; the powder supply part is provided with a forward powder supply groove and a reverse powder supply groove, and the scraper seat is provided with a forward powder falling hole and a reverse powder falling hole; the driving mechanism can drive the powder spreading mechanism to reciprocate between a forward powder falling position and a reverse powder falling position along a powder spreading path; the scraper seat and the powder supply piece can generate relative motion under the action of the adjusting mechanism to realize the switching between the forward conduction state and the reverse conduction state. The bidirectional powder spreading device can realize twice powder falling and spreading actions when the scraper assembly drives the powder supply plate to reciprocate along the length direction of the workbench, and has high powder spreading efficiency, simple structure and low equipment input cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a bidirectional powder paving device and additive manufacturing equipment.
Background
The basic process of the traditional selective laser sintering technology is as follows: the powder feeding device feeds a certain amount of additive manufacturing powder to a workbench of a forming cylinder, the conventional powder spreading device spreads the powder on the workbench surface on the upper surface of a part to be formed in the forming cylinder, the heating device heats the powder to a set temperature, and the laser galvanometer system controls the laser to scan the powder in the profile according to the section profile of the layer, so that the powder is melted and bonded with the formed part below; after the sintering of the section of one layer is finished, the thickness of the layer is reduced by the workbench, the powder feeding device and the powder spreading device repeat the actions of powder feeding and spreading, a layer of uniform and compact powder is spread on the section of the sintering of the section of the layer on the part to be formed, the scanning sintering of the section of the new layer is carried out, and a plurality of layers of scanning and superposition are carried out until the whole prototype manufacturing is completed.
In the prior art, after the powder is paved along the powder paving route by the powder paving device every time of sintering, the powder paving device needs to reversely move back to the fixed powder feeding and discharging positions to start a new powder paving work, the process increases the cycle time of each sintering, and the powder paving efficiency is low.
The method for changing one-way powder spreading into two-way powder spreading is a method for effectively improving the powder spreading efficiency, but the presently disclosed two-way powder spreading device has a complex structure, if a complex rotatable roller with a groove with larger occupied space is required to be arranged in a powder supply box, or a powder supply groove with a complex switching mechanism is arranged, some powder supply devices also need to be improved in adaptability, and the investment cost of early equipment is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a bidirectional powder spreading device with a simple structure.
A bidirectional powder spreading device is used for moving along a powder spreading route and spreading additive powder on a workbench of additive manufacturing equipment, and the powder spreading route is provided with a forward powder falling position and a reverse powder falling position, and comprises
The powder spreading mechanism comprises a powder supply piece, a scraper seat and a scraper; the powder supply piece is arranged on the scraper seat, and the scraper is fixed at the bottom of the scraper seat;
the upper edge of the scraper seat is provided with a forward powder falling hole communicated or staggered with the forward powder feeding groove and a reverse powder falling hole communicated or staggered with the reverse powder feeding groove; the positive powder falling holes and the reverse powder falling holes are respectively arranged on the positive side and the reverse side of the scraper; and
a driving mechanism and an adjusting mechanism; the driving mechanism can drive the powder paving mechanism to reciprocate between the forward powder falling position and the reverse powder falling position along a powder paving route; the scraper seat and the powder supply piece can generate relative motion under the action of the adjusting mechanism to realize the switching between a forward conduction state and a reverse conduction state; the forward conduction state is a state that the forward powder supply groove is communicated with the forward powder falling hole, and the reverse conduction state is a state that the reverse powder supply groove is communicated with the reverse powder falling hole.
The bidirectional powder spreading device is characterized in that a forward powder feeding groove and a reverse powder feeding groove are formed in a powder feeding part, and a forward powder falling hole communicated or staggered with the forward powder feeding groove and a reverse powder falling hole communicated or staggered with the reverse powder feeding groove are formed in a scraper seat along a powder spreading route; and the scraper seat can move relative to the powder supply part through the adjusting mechanism to realize the conduction between the forward powder supply groove and the forward powder falling hole, or the conduction between the reverse powder supply groove and the reverse powder falling hole, so that the forward powder spreading can be realized after the forward conduction, and the reverse powder spreading can be realized after the reverse conduction. Compared with the traditional bidirectional powder spreading device, the bidirectional powder spreading device has simple structure, does not need to arrange a complex bidirectional powder falling mechanism on the powder feeding part, such as a rotatable roller with a groove or a powder feeding groove with a switch mechanism, and has low equipment investment cost. In addition, the invention can realize powder falling and powder spreading, and the powder spreading efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment, when the powder spreading mechanism moves to the reverse powder falling position, the adjusting mechanism acts on one of the powder supply piece and the scraper seat, and relative movement is generated between the powder supply piece and the scraper seat to realize switching between a forward conduction state and a reverse conduction state.
In one embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes a stop and a resilient member;
the stop piece is arranged at the reverse powder falling position of the powder paving route, when the powder paving mechanism moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop piece is abutted to the powder supply piece, a stroke space for the continuous movement of the scraper seat is formed between the scraper seat and the stop piece, and the elastic piece is elastically deformed and arranged in the stroke space.
In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a supporting shaft, the supporting shaft is fixed on the scraper seat along the direction of the powder paving route and located between the scraper seat and the stop piece, the elastic piece is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the supporting shaft, and the stop piece is provided with a through hole for the supporting shaft to pass through away from one end of the scraper seat and be communicated with the travel space.
In one embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes a stop, an elastic member, and a limit stop;
the stop piece is arranged at the reverse powder falling position of the powder paving route, and the limit piece is fixed at one end, far away from the stop piece, of the scraper seat;
when the powder spreading mechanism moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop piece is abutted to the powder supply piece, a first travel space for the continuous movement of the scraper seat is formed between the scraper seat and the stop piece, a second travel space for the continuous movement of the stop piece is formed between the stop piece and the powder supply piece, and the elastic piece is elastically deformed and placed in the second travel space.
In one embodiment, the limiting part is a supporting shaft with a limiting step, the limiting step is located at one end, far away from the scraper seat, of the supporting shaft, the elastic part is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the supporting shaft and located between the limiting step and the powder supply part.
In one embodiment, the spacing between the forward powder supply groove and the reverse powder supply groove is smaller than the spacing between the forward powder falling hole and the reverse powder falling hole.
In one embodiment, the forward powder feeding groove and the reverse powder feeding groove are both funnel-shaped structures with large upper parts and small lower parts.
In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism is provided with a plurality of sets, and the plurality of sets of adjusting mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the direction perpendicular to the powder paving route.
In one embodiment, the powder laying route is further provided with a powder storage position, and the powder storage position is located at the forward powder falling position, or located between the forward powder falling position and the reverse powder falling position along the powder laying route, or located at one side of the forward powder falling position far away from the reverse powder falling position.
In one embodiment, the bottom of the scraper seat is further provided with a forward powder baffle and a reverse powder baffle, and the forward powder baffle, the forward powder falling holes, the scraper, the reverse powder falling holes and the reverse powder baffle are sequentially arranged along a powder paving route.
The invention also provides a powder supplying and paving device which comprises a powder supplying device and the bidirectional powder paving device, wherein the powder supplying device is arranged above a powder paving route and is used for conveying additive powder into the forward powder supplying groove and the reverse powder supplying groove.
The invention also provides additive manufacturing equipment which comprises a forming mechanism and the powder supplying and paving device; the forming mechanism is provided with a workbench;
the powder feeding device is arranged above a powder paving route of the workbench and is used for conveying additive powder into the forward powder feeding groove and the reverse powder feeding groove;
the powder paving mechanism is located on the workbench and can move along a powder paving route of the workbench, and the powder paving device is used for paving the additive powder in the forward powder supply groove onto the workbench along the forward powder paving route and paving the additive powder in the reverse powder supply groove onto the workbench along the reverse powder paving route.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional powder spreading device in a working state of a reverse powder feeding groove for receiving powder according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional powder spreading device shown in FIG. 1 in a working state of forward powder falling;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional powder spreading device shown in fig. 1 in a working state of reversely falling powder.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a bidirectional powder spreading device according to another embodiment in a working state in which a reverse powder feeding groove is used for receiving powder;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bi-directional powder spreading device shown in FIG. 4 in a working state of forward powder falling;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional powder spreading device shown in fig. 4 in a working state of reversely falling powder.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the powder supplying and spreading device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a powder feeding device 20 and a bidirectional powder spreading device 30 located on a table 10 of an additive manufacturing apparatus. The workbench 10 is provided with a powder paving route, and the powder paving route is provided with a forward powder falling position, a reverse powder falling position and a powder storage position. The bi-directional powder paving device 30 is movable along a powder paving path and lays additive powder at a forward powder drop position and a reverse powder drop position on the table 10. The powder feeding device 20 is arranged above the powder laying route.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the bi-directional powder spreading device 30 includes:
the powder spreading mechanism 310 comprises a powder supply piece 311, a scraper seat 312 and a scraper 313; the powder supply piece 311 is arranged on the scraper seat 312, and the scraper 313 is fixed at the bottom of the scraper seat 312;
the powder feeding piece 311 is provided with a forward powder feeding groove 3111 and a reverse powder feeding groove 3112 along a powder laying route, and the scraper seat 312 is provided with a forward powder falling hole 3121 communicated with or staggered from the forward powder feeding groove 3111 and a reverse powder falling hole 3122 communicated with or staggered from the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 along the powder laying route; the positive powder falling hole 3121 and the negative powder falling hole 3122 are respectively arranged on the positive and the negative sides of the scraper 312; and
a drive mechanism (not shown) and an adjustment mechanism 320; the driving mechanism can drive the powder paving mechanism 310 to reciprocate between a forward powder falling position (shown in fig. 2 or 5) and a reverse powder falling position (shown in fig. 3 or 6) along a powder paving path; the scraper seat 312 and the powder supply piece 311 can generate relative motion under the action of the adjusting mechanism 320 to realize the switching between the forward conduction state and the reverse conduction state; the forward conduction state is a state in which the forward powder feed groove 3111 and the forward powder falling hole 3121 communicate, and the reverse conduction state is a state in which the reverse powder feed groove 3112 and the reverse powder falling hole 3122 communicate.
In the present embodiment, the forward direction of the powder paving course is shown in the arrow a direction of fig. 1 to 6, and the reverse direction of the powder paving course is shown in the arrow B direction of fig. 1 to 6.
The bidirectional powder spreading device 30 of the present embodiment is provided with a forward powder feeding groove 3111 and a reverse powder feeding groove 3112 on the powder feeding member 311, and a forward powder falling hole 3121 and a reverse powder falling hole 3122 along a powder spreading path, wherein the forward powder falling hole 3121 is communicated with or staggered from the forward powder feeding groove 3111, and the reverse powder falling hole 3122 is communicated with or staggered from the reverse powder feeding groove 3112; and the scraper seat 312 can move relative to the powder feeding piece 311 through the adjusting mechanism 320 to realize the conduction between the forward powder feeding groove 3111 and the forward powder falling hole 3121, or the conduction between the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 and the reverse powder falling hole 3122, the forward powder spreading can be realized after the forward conduction, and the reverse powder spreading can be realized after the reverse conduction. Compared with the traditional bidirectional powder spreading device, the bidirectional powder spreading device has simple structure, does not need to arrange a complex bidirectional powder falling mechanism on the powder feeding part, such as a rotatable roller with a groove or a powder feeding groove with a switch mechanism, and has low equipment investment cost. In addition, the invention can realize powder falling and powder spreading, and the powder spreading efficiency is improved.
In other embodiments, the driving mechanism and the adjusting mechanism are motors, and the two motors respectively drive the powder feeding member 311 and the scraper seat 312 to move along the powder laying path. When the rotation speeds of the driving motor and the adjusting motor are the same, the powder supply piece 311 and the scraper seat 312 are in a relatively static state under the action of static friction force. When the forward powder falling or the reverse powder falling is needed, the rotating speed of the motor is regulated to change so that the relative motion between the scraper seat 312 and the powder supply piece 311 is generated, and the forward conduction state and the reverse conduction state are switched. The adjustment motor may act on one of the powder supply 311 and the scraper seat 312.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 320 includes a stopper 321 and an elastic member 322;
the stop piece 321 is arranged at the reverse powder falling position of the powder paving route, when the powder paving mechanism 310 moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop piece 321 can be abutted with the powder supply piece 311, a travel space for the continuous movement of the scraper seat 312 is formed between the scraper seat 312 and the stop piece 321, and the elastic piece 322 is elastically deformed and arranged in the travel space.
In the present embodiment, when the driving mechanism drives the powder paving mechanism 310 to move along the powder paving path and does not contact the stop member 321, the powder supply member 311 and the scraper seat 312 are in a relatively static state under the action of static friction force, and the forward powder supply groove 3111 is in a communicating state with the forward powder falling hole 3121.
In this embodiment, the elastic member 322 is a spring, and the stopper 321 is a stopper plate fixed on the workbench, and one end of the spring is fixed on the scraper seat 312 or the stopper 321. When the powder spreading mechanism 310 moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop member 321 abuts against the powder feeding member 311 and is forced to stop moving, and a stroke for the continuous movement of the scraper seat 312 is provided between the scraper seat 312 and the stop member 321, so that the scraper seat 312 continues to move to the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 to be communicated with the reverse powder falling hole 3122 (i.e. the above-mentioned reverse conducting state), meanwhile, the spring is compressed, and when the powder spreading mechanism 310 moves reversely along the powder spreading route, the spring releases the elastic force, so that the scraper seat 312 moves relative to the powder feeding member 311 and is communicated with the forward powder feeding groove 3111 and the forward powder falling hole 3121 (i.e. the above-mentioned forward conducting state). The adjusting mechanism 320 of the present embodiment has a simple structure, and can complete the switching between the forward conduction state and the reverse conduction state without adding an additional power mechanism.
In this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 320 further includes a supporting shaft 323, the supporting shaft 323 is fixed on the scraper seat 312, the spring 322 is sleeved on the supporting shaft 323, and the stopper 321 is provided with a through hole 3211 through which the supporting shaft 323 passes.
The working process of the powder supplying and paving device of the embodiment is as follows: the powder spreading mechanism 310 is driven by the driving mechanism to forward along the powder spreading route, and stops moving after the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 corresponds to the powder feeding device 20 right above the powder spreading route, referring to fig. 1, the powder feeding device 20 is turned on, and additive powder is fed into the reverse powder feeding groove 3112; the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 is closed after being full of powder, the powder feeding device 20 (namely the powder storage position mentioned above) is closed, the powder spreading mechanism 310 stops moving when retreating to the forward powder falling position along the powder spreading route, at this time, the powder feeding device 20, the forward powder feeding groove 3111 and the forward powder falling hole 3121 correspond to each other (namely the forward powder falling position mentioned above), referring to fig. 2, the powder feeding device 20 is opened again, additive powder is fed into the forward powder feeding groove 3111, the additive powder sequentially passes through the forward powder feeding groove 3111 and the forward powder falling hole 3121 and then falls to the forward powder falling position of the workbench 10, the rear powder spreading mechanism 310 continues to forward move along the powder spreading route, and the scraper 313 spreads the additive powder at the forward powder falling position on the surface of a part to be formed in the forming cylinder in the advancing process, and the laser vibrating mirror system scans and sinters the spread powder; meanwhile, the powder spreading mechanism 310 continues to advance to the reverse powder falling position, referring to fig. 3, at this time, the powder supplying piece 311 is blocked by the stopping piece 321 to stop moving, and a stroke for the continuous movement of the scraper seat 312 is further provided between the scraper seat 312 and the stopping piece 321, so that the scraper seat 312 continues to move and drives the supporting shaft 323 to pass through the through hole 3211 on the stopping piece 321, and meanwhile, the elastic piece 322 is compressed to store elastic force; the scraper seat 312 stops moving when moving to the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 and communicating with the reverse powder falling hole 3122 (i.e. the above-mentioned reverse conducting state), the additive powder in the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 falls to the reverse powder falling position, then the driving mechanism drives the powder spreading mechanism 310 to move reversely along the powder spreading route, the elastic piece 322 releases elastic force to enable the scraper seat 312 to move relative to the powder feeding piece 311 so as to enable the forward powder feeding groove 3111 to communicate with the forward powder falling hole 3121 (i.e. the above-mentioned forward conducting state), and the scraper 313 spreads the additive powder at the reverse powder falling position on the surface of the part to be formed in the forming cylinder again during the reverse movement of the powder spreading mechanism 310, and the laser vibrating mirror system scans and sinters the spread powder again, and the powder spreading mechanism 310 returns to the initial position to prepare for the next round-trip of powder spreading. Thus realizing bidirectional powder spreading and improving powder spreading efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the spacing of the forward and reverse powder feed grooves 3111 and 3112 is smaller than the spacing of the forward and reverse powder drop holes 3121 and 3122. So that the powder feeding member 311 and the scraper seat 312 can be brought into correspondence with the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 and the reverse powder falling hole 3122 with a short relative movement.
In this embodiment, the adjusting assembly 320 further includes a bearing plate 324, the bearing plate 324 is disposed on the supporting shaft 321 in a penetrating manner, one end of the spring 322 is fixed on the bearing plate 324, and the spring 322 is located between the scraper seat 312 and the bearing plate 324. The bearing plate 324 can prevent the spring 322 from being separated from the supporting shaft 321, and can serve as a bearing surface when the spring 322 is compressed, so as to prevent the spring 322 from moving when being compressed.
In the present embodiment, the support shaft 323 is provided with a stopper step 3231 for preventing the carrier plate 324 from coming out. The size of the limit step 3231 is set so as not to interfere with the smooth passage of the support shaft 323 through the through hole 3211.
In the present embodiment, a sleeve 325 is disposed between the bearing plate 324 and the supporting shaft 323 to ensure that the bearing plate 324 can slide on the supporting shaft 323 smoothly.
In this embodiment, the forward powder feeding groove 3111 and the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 are funnel-shaped structures with large top and small bottom, so that the additive powder can fall smoothly.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, in another embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 320 includes a stopper 321, an elastic member 322, and a limiting member 323;
the stop piece 321 is arranged at the reverse powder falling position of the powder paving route, and the stop piece 321 is fixed at one end, far away from the stop piece 321, of the scraper seat 312;
when the powder spreading mechanism 320 moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop piece 321 is abutted against the powder feeding piece 311, a first travel space for the continuous movement of the scraper seat 312 is formed between the scraper seat 312 and the stop piece 321, a second travel space for the continuous movement of the stop piece 323 is formed between the stop piece 323 and the powder feeding piece 311, and the elastic piece 322 is elastically deformed and arranged in the second travel space.
In this embodiment, the limiting member 323 is a supporting shaft with a limiting step 3231, the limiting step 3231 is located at one end of the supporting shaft away from the scraper seat 312, the elastic member 322 is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the supporting shaft and located between the limiting step 3231 and the powder feeding member 311, and one end of the spring is fixed on the limiting step 3231 or the powder feeding member 311. The stopper 321 is a stopper plate fixed to the table.
In the present embodiment, when the driving mechanism drives the powder paving mechanism 310 to move along the powder paving path and does not contact the stop member 321, the powder supply member 311 and the scraper seat 312 are in a relatively static state under the action of static friction force, and the forward powder supply groove 3111 is in a communicating state with the forward powder falling hole 3121.
It can be appreciated that when the powder spreading mechanism 310 moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop 321 abuts against the powder supplying member 311 and is forced to stop moving, and the scraper seat 312 continues to move to the reverse powder supplying slot 3112 to communicate with the reverse powder falling hole 3122 (i.e. the above-mentioned reverse conducting state) because there is a first stroke between the scraper seat 312 and the stop 321 for the scraper seat 312 to continue moving; meanwhile, a second stroke space for the continuous movement of the limiting piece 323 is provided between the limiting piece 323 and the powder feeding piece 311, the spring positioned in the second stroke space is compressed, and when the powder laying mechanism 310 moves reversely along the powder laying route, the spring releases the elastic force, so that the scraper seat 312 moves relative to the powder feeding piece 311, and the forward powder feeding groove 3111 is communicated with the forward powder falling hole 3121 (namely, the forward conducting state mentioned above). The adjusting mechanism 320 of the present embodiment has a simple structure, and can complete the switching between the forward conduction state and the reverse conduction state without adding an additional power mechanism.
In this embodiment, the powder spreading mechanism 310 further includes a powder feeding member 314 disposed on the powder feeding member 311, the powder feeding seat 314 moves synchronously with the scraper seat 312 all the time, and a forward powder feeding slot 3141 and a reverse powder feeding slot 3142 are formed on the powder feeding seat 314, the forward powder feeding slot 3141 is aligned with the forward powder falling hole 3121, and the reverse powder feeding slot 3142 is aligned with the reverse powder falling hole 3122.
In this embodiment, the adjusting assembly 320 further includes a bearing plate 324, the bearing plate 324 is disposed on the supporting shaft 321 in a penetrating manner, one end of the spring 322 is fixed on the bearing plate 324, and the spring 322 is located between the limiting step 3231 and the powder feeding member 311. The load bearing plate 324 may act as a load bearing surface when the springs 322 are compressed, preventing play when the springs 322 are compressed.
In the present embodiment, a sleeve 325 is disposed between the bearing plate 324 and the supporting shaft 323 to ensure that the bearing plate 324 can slide on the supporting shaft 323 smoothly.
In this embodiment, limiting members may be disposed at two ends of the powder supply member 311 to limit the movement of the scraper seat 312, and when the scraper seat 312 moves to a forward conduction or reverse conduction state relative to the powder supply member 311, the scraper seat 312 is limited by the limiting members to stop moving.
It can be understood that the function of the powder storage position is to complete the powder supply to the reverse powder supply tank 3112 when the reverse powder supply tank 3112 is staggered from the reverse powder drop hole 3122, and to complete the reverse powder drop when the reverse powder supply tank 3112 is conducted to the reverse powder drop hole 3122 after the reverse powder supply tank 3112 stores powder. In the embodiment, the powder storage position is the forward powder falling position, so that the powder feeding device is not required to be changed, and the input cost of early-stage equipment is further reduced.
In addition, in the initial state, the forward powder feeding groove is communicated with the forward powder falling hole to realize forward powder falling, and the powder spreading device is driven by the driving mechanism to move forward along the powder spreading route so as to finish forward powder spreading through the scraper; then, the powder spreading mechanism reversely moves along the powder spreading route under the drive of the driving mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism resets the scraper seat to enable the reverse powder feeding groove to be communicated with the reverse powder falling hole and synchronously realize reverse powder falling. In the whole process of bidirectional powder spreading of forward powder spreading and reverse powder spreading, as the powder is pre-stored in the reverse powder supply groove, when the powder spreading mechanism moves along the reverse powder spreading route after the forward powder spreading is completed, the powder pre-stored in the reverse powder supply groove can immediately realize reverse powder falling. That is, this application is in whole two-way shop's in-process that spreads powder, and forward shop's powder and reverse shop's powder are continuous shop's powder (need not to stop in the middle of after the forward shop's powder is accomplished and can carry out reverse shop's powder), and need not to spread the powder device and need return again or stop realizing storing up the powder again as in the traditional shop's powder mode after the forward shop's powder is accomplished, just can continue reverse shop's powder, namely spread the powder for intermittent type (need carry out temporary storage in the middle of and just can continue to accomplish reverse shop's powder) to be favorable to providing the shop's of shop's powder device and spread powder efficiency.
In other embodiments, the powder storage location may be disposed between the forward and reverse powder drop locations along the powder laying path, or on a side of the forward powder drop location remote from the reverse powder drop location. That is, in addition to the powder feeding device arranged at the original forward powder falling position, a powder feeding device is additionally arranged at the powder storage position to feed powder to the reverse powder feeding groove 3112.
In the present embodiment, the bottom of the scraper seat 312 is further provided with a forward powder baffle 3123 and a reverse powder baffle 3124, and the forward powder baffle 3123, the forward powder falling hole 3121, the scraper 313, the reverse powder falling hole 3122 and the reverse powder baffle 3124 are sequentially arranged along the powder laying route. The forward powder baffle 3123 and the reverse powder baffle 3124 serve to prevent flying dust that is excited when the powder falls.
Further, the adjusting components 320 are provided with a plurality of sets, and the plurality of sets of adjusting components 320 are uniformly arranged along the direction perpendicular to the powder paving route, so that the powder supply piece 311 can be ensured not to float under the action of spring force.
In this embodiment, the adjustment assembly 320 is provided with two sets.
The invention also provides a powder feeding and paving device in an embodiment, which comprises a powder feeding device 20 and the bidirectional powder paving device, wherein the powder feeding device 20 is arranged above a powder paving route, and the powder feeding device 20 is used for conveying additive powder into the forward powder feeding groove 3111 or the reverse powder feeding groove 3112.
The invention also provides additive manufacturing equipment of an embodiment, which comprises a forming mechanism and the powder supplying and paving device; the forming mechanism has a table 10;
the powder feeding device 20 is arranged above a powder paving route of the workbench 10; the powder feeding device 20 is used for conveying the additive powder into the forward powder feeding groove and the reverse powder feeding groove;
the powder spreading mechanism 310 is located on the workbench 10 and can move along a powder spreading route of the workbench 10, and the bidirectional powder spreading device is used for spreading the additive powder in the forward powder feeding groove 3111 onto the workbench 10 along the forward powder spreading route and spreading the additive powder in the reverse powder feeding groove 3112 onto the workbench 10 along the reverse powder spreading route.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a two-way shop's powder device for along shop's powder route motion and shop the material increase powder on the workstation of additive manufacturing equipment, be equipped with forward powder position and reverse powder position that falls on the shop's powder route, characterized in that includes
The powder spreading mechanism comprises a powder supply piece, a scraper seat and a scraper; the powder supply piece is arranged on the scraper seat, and the scraper is fixed at the bottom of the scraper seat;
the upper edge of the scraper seat is provided with a forward powder falling hole communicated or staggered with the forward powder feeding groove and a reverse powder falling hole communicated or staggered with the reverse powder feeding groove; the positive powder falling holes and the reverse powder falling holes are respectively arranged on the positive side and the reverse side of the scraper; and
a driving mechanism and an adjusting mechanism; the driving mechanism can drive the powder paving mechanism to reciprocate between the forward powder falling position and the reverse powder falling position along a powder paving route; the scraper seat and the powder supply piece can generate relative motion under the action of the adjusting mechanism to realize the switching between a forward conduction state and a reverse conduction state; the forward conduction state is a state that the forward powder supply groove is communicated with the forward powder falling hole, and the reverse conduction state is a state that the reverse powder supply groove is communicated with the reverse powder falling hole;
the spacing between the forward powder supply groove and the reverse powder supply groove is smaller than the spacing between the forward powder falling hole and the reverse powder falling hole;
when the powder spreading mechanism moves to the reverse powder falling position, the adjusting mechanism acts on one of the powder supplying piece and the scraper seat, relative movement is generated between the powder supplying piece and the scraper seat to realize switching between a forward conduction state and a reverse conduction state, the bottom of the scraper seat is also provided with a forward powder baffle and a reverse powder baffle, and the forward powder baffle, the forward powder falling hole, the scraper, the reverse powder falling hole and the reverse powder baffle are sequentially arranged along a powder spreading route.
2. The bi-directional powder spreading device of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a stop and an elastic member;
the stop piece is arranged at the reverse powder falling position of the powder paving route, when the powder paving mechanism moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop piece is abutted to the powder supply piece, a stroke space for the continuous movement of the scraper seat is formed between the scraper seat and the stop piece, and the elastic piece is elastically deformed and arranged in the stroke space.
3. The bidirectional powder spreading device as set forth in claim 2, wherein the adjusting mechanism further comprises a supporting shaft, the supporting shaft is fixed on the scraper seat along the direction of the powder spreading route and located between the scraper seat and the stop member, the elastic member is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the supporting shaft, and the stop member is provided with a through hole for the supporting shaft to pass through away from one end of the scraper seat and to communicate with the travel space.
4. The bi-directional powder spreading device of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a stop, an elastic member, and a limiting member;
the stop piece is arranged at the reverse powder falling position of the powder paving route, and the limit piece is fixed at one end, far away from the stop piece, of the scraper seat;
when the powder spreading mechanism moves to the reverse powder falling position, the stop piece is abutted to the powder supply piece, a first travel space for the continuous movement of the scraper seat is formed between the scraper seat and the stop piece, a second travel space for the continuous movement of the stop piece is formed between the stop piece and the powder supply piece, and the elastic piece is elastically deformed and placed in the second travel space.
5. The bi-directional powder spreading device according to claim 4, wherein the limiting member is a supporting shaft having a limiting step, the limiting step is located at one end of the supporting shaft away from the scraper seat, the elastic member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the supporting shaft and located between the limiting step and the powder feeding member.
6. The bi-directional powder spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a powder storage position is further provided on the powder spreading path, and the powder storage position is located at the forward powder falling position.
7. The bi-directional powder spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the powder spreading path is further provided with a powder storage position, and the powder storage position is located between the forward powder falling position and the reverse powder falling position along the powder spreading path.
8. The bi-directional powder spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a powder storage position is further provided on the powder spreading path, and the powder storage position is located at a side of the forward powder falling position away from the reverse powder falling position.
9. The powder supplying and paving device is characterized by comprising a powder supplying device and the bidirectional powder paving device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the powder supplying device is arranged above a powder paving route and is used for conveying additive powder into the forward powder supplying groove and the reverse powder supplying groove.
10. An additive manufacturing device, which is characterized by comprising a forming mechanism and the powder supplying and paving device according to claim 9; the forming mechanism is provided with a workbench;
the powder feeding device is arranged above a powder paving route of the workbench and is used for conveying additive powder into the forward powder feeding groove and the reverse powder feeding groove;
the powder paving mechanism is located on the workbench and can move along a powder paving route of the workbench, and the powder paving device is used for paving the additive powder in the forward powder supply groove onto the workbench along the forward powder paving route and paving the additive powder in the reverse powder supply groove onto the workbench along the reverse powder paving route.
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| CN109203465A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | 广州雷佳增材科技有限公司 | A kind of Gua Fen mechanism of 3D printing equipment |
| CN109550955A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-02 | 苏州西帝摩三维打印科技有限公司 | Two-way quantitative powder supply mechanism |
| CN109760313B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-08-25 | 苏州西帝摩三维打印科技有限公司 | Powder falling and spreading device for additive manufacturing equipment |
| CN111940728B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2023-08-25 | 天津斯沃姆科技发展有限公司 | Laser forming equipment and method for additive manufacturing |
| CN111730058A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-02 | 天津清研智束科技有限公司 | Powder paving and feeding device and additive manufacturing equipment |
| CN113333783B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2023-09-01 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Powder spreading mechanism, 3D printing device and powder spreading method |
| CN115213435A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-10-21 | 湖南云箭集团有限公司 | 3D prints with supplying whitewashed subassembly fast |
| CN116766588A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-09-19 | 湖南珞佳智能科技有限公司 | Bidirectional powder spreading device for additive manufacturing and application method thereof |
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