CN108539978A - A kind of adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter - Google Patents
A kind of adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108539978A CN108539978A CN201810330047.2A CN201810330047A CN108539978A CN 108539978 A CN108539978 A CN 108539978A CN 201810330047 A CN201810330047 A CN 201810330047A CN 108539978 A CN108539978 A CN 108539978A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of adaptive control systems of Boost type DC DC converters, including at least Boost, controller, power management module, drive module and AD sampling modules, wherein, the power management module is used to provide burning voltage for the control system；Controller makes its output voltage stabilization to preset reference output voltage according to the desired output voltage of setting and acquired Real-time Feedback output voltage, Real-time Feedback output current output drive signal control Boost.Compared with prior art, the buffeting that Sliding mode variable structure control generates in the process in control is reduced using boundary layer sliding formwork control technology.Meanwhile the present invention increases self adaptive control on the basis of the Sliding Mode Controller of design, can be carried out to external environment adaptive while can utmostly reduce the various influences interfered to Boost in external environment and not lose robustness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oneself of DC-DC converter automation field more particularly to a kind of Boost type DC-DC converter
Adaption Control System.
Background technology
With the development of human society, people are constantly increasing the demand of electric energy, while to the quality requirements of electric energy
Also it constantly improves.So the processing and conversion to electric energy have become indispensable one in the human lives of social development
Part.Electric energy Power Processing and transformation using electric energy aspect to playing increasingly important role, to its processing and transformation
Method has become the hot spot of area research.
Switch converters can be divided into following several citation forms by electric energy processing unit according to power conversion type：AC/DC
(rectifying conversion), AC/AC (AC-AC converter), DC/AC (inverse transformation), DC-DC (DC converting).Wherein DC-DC converter
Research belong to the scope of electronic power, theoretical method is related to the multi-door subject such as electron electric power, control theory and engineering.
Important branch of the DC-DC converter as electron electric power technology, in eighties of last century the seventies just in Europe, the U.S., day
The ground such as this started research upsurge, and extensively using communicated with computer, office automatic, data and industrial instrument and
The fields such as aerospace military.So far from last century the seventies, the research of theory analysis and control system has been achieved for big
Progress, DC-DC converter is just at an unprecedented rate towards the side such as efficient, high frequency, light-duty, green, integrated at present
To development.
DC-DC converter realizes output as a kind of electric power converter by changing the ratio of switching tube turn-on time
The adjusting of voltage, and its power bracket can from very low (baby battery) to very high (high voltage power transmission).DC-DC converter
Mainly there are pulse frequency modulated (PFM) and pulse width modulation (PWM) two ways, is mainly converted herein with PWM types DC-DC
Device is that object is studied.
Currently, DC-DC converter largely uses LINEARIZED CONTROL and Sliding mode variable structure control (SMC) technology.It is common
Proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller be that linearisation small-signal model based on controlled cell carries out performance design, no
It is suitble to will produce the nonlinear system of larger signal disturbance.Also, when system is there are when uncertain factor, to ensure system
There are good output performance, PID controller parameter to need passively to be adjusted repeatedly.In addition, when load wide variation, it is special
When not being band nonlinear load, switch converters have the shortcomings that dynamic responding speed is slow, output waveform has distortion.Sliding moding structure
Control is a kind of Non-Linear Control Theory, has natural applicability to the non-linear speciality of Power Electronic Switching Converters, uses
The converter of Sliding mode variable structure control have many advantages, such as stability range is wide, dynamic response is fast, strong robustness, control realize it is simple.
However, Sliding mode variable structure control process is similar to a high frequency, uncertain switch control signal, so being passed through during control
Chattering phenomenon can often occur near sliding-mode surface.So it is frequent in sliding mode control process that buffeting, which how is effectively reduced or eliminated,
The problem encountered.
Therefore in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, it is really necessary to propose a kind of technical solution to solve skill of the existing technology
Art problem.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter, to solve
The bad problem of existing Boost control effect realizes the good output performance of Boost.
In order to overcome technological deficiency of the existing technology, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of two close cycles sliding moding structure adaptive control system of Boost, include at least Boost,
Controller, power management module, drive module and AD sampling modules, wherein the power management module is used to be the control system
System provides burning voltage；
The drive module is used to the output voltage control signal of controller carrying out driving enhancing to drive Boost to convert
Device；
The Boost is used for output voltage；
The AD sampling modules are used to carry out sampling to the output voltage and electric current of Boost and will obtain anti-in real time
Feedback output voltage, Real-time Feedback output current are sent to the controller；
The controller is defeated according to the desired output voltage and acquired Real-time Feedback output voltage, Real-time Feedback of setting
Go out current output voltage control signal makes its output voltage stabilization to preset reference output voltage to control Boost；
The controller uses double-closed-loop control structure, including sliding moding structure adaptive controller and PID controller, institute
It is outer shroud voltage regulator to state sliding moding structure adaptive controller, self-adaptive controlled using the sliding moding structure based on function approximation
Device FASMAC processed, exports the reference inductive current as electric current loop, and output equation is：
In formula, irFor with reference to inductive current (i.e. the output controlled quentity controlled variable of sliding moding structure adaptive controller FASMAC), uiFor
Real-time input voltage,It is the sliding moding structure adaptive controller according to input parameter (reference output voltage urAnd Real-time Feedback
Voltage uo) obtain the switching variable of sliding moding structure adaptive controller；L is inductor current value；
The PID controller is the current regulator of inner ring, and PID controller PID control formula is：
In formula, kp, kp, kpRespectively ratio, integral and derivative control coefficient；ei=ir-iL, iLFor Real-time Feedback inductance electricity
Stream；U is the output controlled quentity controlled variable of final system.
As optimal technical scheme, the sliding moding structure adaptive controller further comprises Sliding mode variable structure control
Device, controlled cell, Adaptable System and backfeed loop；Wherein, backfeed loop is missed according to reference value and output valve computing system
Difference, input of the obtained systematic error as Sliding Mode Controller；
The Adaptable System chooses the mode that orthogonal polynomial functions are approached, it by the reference value of system, output valve,
The Sliding Mode Controller last time control output quantity and interference calculation go out Sliding Mode Controller it is current approach itemThe influence brought to system for reducing error and interference；
The Sliding Mode Controller handles systematic error and adaptive fidelity term, and obtained result is as control
Amount processed is sent to controlled cell.
Further include key-press module as optimal technical scheme, the key-press module for preset desired output voltage and
Control command for system inputs.
Further include display module as optimal technical scheme, the display module is used to show the information of current system.
As optimal technical scheme, following steps are executed in the controller：
Step S1：The approximant sliding moding structure adaptive controller of design function realizes that Voltage loop control, the sliding formwork become knot
Structure adaptive controller is according to input parameter (reference output voltage urWith Real-time Feedback voltage uo) to obtain sliding moding structure adaptive
The switching variable of controllerInductive current (is referred to as one of electric current loop input parameter using the output valve of Voltage loop
ir), the calculation formula with reference to inductive current is as follows：
Wherein, uiFor real-time input voltage, L is inductor current value；
Step S2：Realize that current loop control, PID controller are obtained according to Voltage loop with reference to inductance electricity using PID controller
Flow irAnd the Real-time Feedback electric current output drive signal U that sampling obtains controls Boost, the meter of drive signal
It is as follows to calculate formula：
Wherein, e=ir-iL, iLFor Real-time Feedback inductive current；kp, kp, kpRespectively ratio, integral and differential control system
Number.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that：
(1) present invention is trembled to reduce sliding moding structure what control generated in the process using boundary layer sliding formwork control technology
It shakes.
(2) Boost is directed to during the work time since system parameter variations and external unknown disturbances cause not
Certain problem carries out more accurate description to the state equation of Boost, and being added on the basis of original unknown has
The distracter on boundary, this can be converted solve one group of orthogonal basis function combination, on this basis to adaptive controller into
Row design.
(3) it is directed to the uncertainty of system, the present invention increases adaptive on the basis of the Sliding Mode Controller of design
It should control, design a kind of novel sliding moding structure adaptive control algorithm based on function approximation.Designed algorithm with
Difference lies in can carry out external environment adaptive can utmostly reduce simultaneously in external environment respectively to pid algorithm maximum
Kind interferes the influence to Boost and does not lose robustness.
(4) it is to solve the problems such as single closed loop controlling structure stability is not strong, voltage responsive overshoot is also bigger, the present invention
It uses using capacitance (output) voltage and inductive current and forms respective closed loop configuration as feedback quantity, to form double-closed-loop control
System.Wherein, outer shroud carries out output voltage using the designed sliding moding structure adaptive controller based on function approximation
It adjusts, inner ring is then adjusted inductive current using traditional PID controller.With the addition of current feedback amount so that be
System can carry out high-precision tracking, realize the good dynamic and static characteristic of converter.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole functional block diagram of Boost control systems of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the control structure block diagram of controller in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of sliding moding structure adaptive controller of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the program flow diagram of controller in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is Boost circuit topological structure.
Equivalent circuit when Fig. 6 is switch conduction.
Equivalent circuit when Fig. 7 is switch OFF.
Fig. 8 is the sliding moding structure self adaptive control voltage-tracing simulation comparison song for depositing three kinds of basic functions in an interference situation
Line.
Fig. 9 (a)-(c) is respectively the voltage responsive of system under three kinds of control strategies, load disturbance and electric source disturbance emulation
Curve.
Figure 10 (a)-(c) is respectively that the voltage responsive of system under three kinds of control strategies, load disturbance and electric source disturbance are real
Survey curve.
Following specific embodiment will be further illustrated the present invention in conjunction with above-mentioned attached drawing.
Specific implementation mode
Technical solution provided by the invention is described further below with reference to attached drawing.
Nowadays, both direction is broadly divided into the research of DC-DC converter：First, a kind of new converter topology knot of research
Structure improves energy conversion efficiency；Second is that it is good that a kind of new control performance is optimized or designed to the control algolithm first having
Good, strong robustness control strategy realizes the superior output performance of system and improves system effectiveness and stability.
The main research of the present invention is analyzed the various conventional Control Methods of Boost type DC-DC converter
And comparison, the control strategy of suitable Boost system is found out on this basis, and is combined with advanced control algolithm,
It is proposed a kind of superior performance, the control program of strong robustness, it is non-thread to supply convertor so as to improve the output performance of converter
The research of property control algolithm also has certain facilitation.
The present invention designs a kind of sliding moding structure adaptive controller of function approximation, uses boundary layer sliding formwork control skill
Art reduces shake, the influence that adaptive new system weakens systematic uncertainty is approached using orthogonal polynomial functions, by design
In control system to Boost, good control effect is obtained.
The present invention for Sliding mode variable structure control buffeting characteristic and converter during the work time due to systematic parameter
The uncertain problem that variation and external unknown disturbances cause carries out more accurate description, on original basis to state equation
On add the distracter of unknown bounded, and to the uncertainty in such a way that Sliding mode variable structure control is combined with other algorithms
Item is adaptively approached.In Boost system models, this can be converted the combination for solving one group of orthogonal basis function, lead to
It crosses and chooses suitable adaptive updates rate, it is proposed that a sliding moding structure self adaptive control (FASMAC) based on function approximation
Strategy.Self adaptive control is added on the basis of Sliding mode variable structure control, realizes faster response, effectively reduces system
Steady-state error, and be capable of the variation of self-adapting load and reduce system interference influence.
Referring to Fig. 1, it is shown the whole functional block diagram of Boost control systems of the present invention, which includes Boost transformation
Device, controller, power management module, drive module, AD sampling modules, keyboard input module and display module, wherein power supply
Management module provides burning voltage for device system in order to control and Boost, and drive module is used for the defeated of controller
Go out voltage and carries out driving enhancing to drive Boost；AD sampling modules are used for output voltage and electricity to Boost
Stream carries out sampling and will obtain Real-time Feedback output voltage, Real-time Feedback output current being sent to controller, with real-time grasps change
The output state of parallel operation；This system uses double-closed-loop control structure, controller to handle the voltage and current sampled, obtain
To system voltage and current error respectively as system outer shroud and inner ring feedback quantity.Key-press module in addition to can to system into
Row such as starts, suspends, resetting at the operations, can be also used for the switching of control strategy and orthogonal basis function.OLED display module is used
In information such as input voltage, input voltage, output current, control algolithm type, the duty ratios of display current system, facilitate observation
And debugging.System protection module has the function of overcurrent protection, overheating protection, reverse connecting protection etc., immediately when system jam
Implement safeguard measure, anti-locking system damage damage causes danger, the stability of maintenance system.
For DC-DC converter, a control structure that is rational, meeting the converter is selected to tend to improve converter
Stability, accuracy and conversion performance.The System control structures that prior art major part DC-DC converter uses are singly to close
Loop voltag controls, and this control structure design comparison is simply and readily realized, but the stability of system is not strong, voltage responsive overshoot
Amount is also bigger.Deficiency to solve single closed loop controlling structure show the control structure of controller in the present invention referring to Fig. 2
Block diagram, including sliding moding structure adaptive controller and PID controller, use using capacitance (output) voltage and inductive current as
Feedback quantity forms respective closed loop configuration to form double closed-loop control system.Wherein, outer shroud is voltage regulator, and inner ring is electricity
Throttle regulator, both adjusters can select identical or different controller according to actual needs.With current feedback amount
It is added so that system can carry out high-precision tracking, realize the good dynamic and static characteristic of converter.
Wherein, the outer shroud voltage regulator to play a leading role selects the sliding moding structure self adaptive control based on function approximation
Device FASMAC, it can quickly track given reference voltage, have good control performance.The current regulator of inner ring selects
With traditional PID controller, the addition of electric current loop can be able to be not only that system realizes high-precision tracking, can also limit and be
The maximum current and output power of system, automatic protection converter and driving circuit, ensure that system is safely and steadily run.
Since this system uses double-closed-loop control structure, sliding moding structure adaptive controller (Voltage loop) output is as electricity
The reference inductive current of ring is flowed, output equation is：
In formula, irFor with reference to inductive current (i.e. the output controlled quentity controlled variable of sliding moding structure adaptive controller FASMAC), uiFor
Real-time input voltage,It is the sliding moding structure adaptive controller according to input parameter (reference output voltage urAnd Real-time Feedback
Voltage uo) obtain the switching variable of sliding moding structure adaptive controller；L is inductor current value.
PID controller PID control formula is：
In formula, kp, kp, kpRespectively ratio, integral and derivative control coefficient；ei=ir-iL, iLFor Real-time Feedback inductance electricity
Stream；U is the output controlled quentity controlled variable of final system.
Referring to Fig. 3, it show the functional block diagram of sliding moding structure adaptive controller of the present invention, including sliding moding structure control
Device, controlled cell, Adaptable System and backfeed loop processed.Backfeed loop according to reference value and output valve computing system error,
Input of the obtained systematic error as Sliding Mode Controller.Adaptable System chooses the side that orthogonal polynomial functions are approached
Formula, it by the reference value of system, output valve, controller last time controls output quantity and interference calculation, and to go out controller current
Approach itemThe influence brought to system for reducing error and interference.Sliding Mode Controller is to systematic error and adaptive
Item should be approached to be handled, obtained result is sent to controlled cell as controlled quentity controlled variable.System can also other than receiving controlled quentity controlled variable
It is influenced by system interference, system interference includes mainly uncertain and external rings caused by changing due to Internal system parameters
Border changes caused unknown disturbances.A part for system interference is sent to Adaptable System, and Adaptable System can be effective
Ground reduces influence of the interference to system, and system is made to remain at optimal or suboptimum state at runtime.
In a preferred embodiment, controller uses microcontroller.
Referring to Fig. 4, it show the program flow diagram of controller in the present invention, after system power supply, modules are carried out just
Beginningization is prepared for converter startup；When converter starts detection circuit whether overcurrent, overheat, then system if a failure occurs
It is out of service；After starting successfully, it is arranged by key-press module and it is expected output voltage, then real-time output voltage is sampled, is obtained
Input quantity as FASMAC sliding moding structure adaptive controllers of result and setting value, adjust output voltage；Then it adopts again
Take PID control strategy that inductive current is adjusted.
Controller exports electricity according to the desired output voltage of setting and acquired Real-time Feedback output voltage, Real-time Feedback
Stream output drive signal control boost converters make its output voltage stabilization to preset reference output voltage, wherein controller
Middle execution following steps：
Step S1：The approximant sliding moding structure adaptive controller of design function realizes that Voltage loop control, the sliding formwork become knot
Structure adaptive controller is according to input parameter (reference output voltage urWith Real-time Feedback voltage uo) to obtain sliding moding structure adaptive
The switching variable of controllerUsing the output valve of Voltage loop as one of electric current loop input parameter (with reference to inductance electricity
Flow ir), the calculation formula with reference to inductive current is as follows：
Wherein, uiFor real-time input voltage, L is inductor current value；
Step S2：Realize that current loop control, PID controller are obtained according to Voltage loop with reference to inductance electricity using PID controller
Flow irAnd the Real-time Feedback electric current output drive signal U that sampling obtains controls Boost, the meter of drive signal
It is as follows to calculate formula：
Wherein, e=ir-iL；iLFor Real-time Feedback inductive current；kp, kp, kpRespectively ratio, integral and differential control system
Number.
Further, the design of controller further comprises following steps：
Step 1：Establish Boost system model；
The output voltage of Boost is always above input voltage, and the key of operation principle is that inductance passes through generation
The trend of curent change is resisted with magnetic field is destroyed.It is Boost circuit topological structure and its isoboles such as Fig. 5-6,
In, uiFor input voltage；uoFor output (capacitance) voltage；L is energy storage inductor；iLFor inductive current；VT is power switch tube；DT
For fly-wheel diode；C is filter capacitor；R is load resistance.
When switch VT is connected, electric current flows through inductance in a clockwise direction, and inductance stores some energy by generating magnetic field,
Inductance at this time left side polarity be just；When switch VT is turned off, electric current can reduce with the increase of impedance.The magnetic being previously created
Field will be destroyed to keep electric current to be flowed to load direction.Therefore inductance polarity, which will be reversed, (means that the left side of inductance is present
To be negative), in this way, two " power supply " will connect, higher voltage is caused to pass through diode pair capacitor charging.If switch frequency
When rate is sufficiently high, inductance will not discharge completely in the charging stage, and when a switch is off, and the capacitance in parallel with load is filled
Electricity.When switch conduction and right side are with left side short circuit, therefore capacitance can provide voltage and energy to load.During this period, two
Pole pipe can prevent capacitance by switch discharge, and switch certainly quickly to open again, excessive to prevent capacitance electric discharge.
Boost under electric current continuous operation mode (CCM) is studied, Boost electricity can be obtained according to analysis
The state equation on road：
It is expressed as with matrix equation：
In formula,U is switch function, is defined as follows：
In formula, T is switch periods, and D is duty ratio, and in ccm mode
Step 2：Sliding variable designs；
Assuming that systematic error is defined as：
x1=ur-uo(5)
In formula：urIt represents and refers to (expectation) output voltage, uoRepresent reality output (capacitance) voltage.Then to x1It is asked
It leads to obtain x2：
Derivation is carried out to formula (6), and formula is obtained after convolution (5) arrangement：
In formula, f1 (t) and the uncertainty that f2 (t) is system and the summation interfered, and assume that they are bounded, i.e.,
|f1(t)|≤F1,|f2(t)|≤F2, F1And F2It is positive number.
X1, x2As state variable, formula (7) is write as state equation form
In formula, x=[x1 x2]T,N=[f1(t) f2(t)]TIt is unknown
The time-varying indeterminate of bounded.
Sliding variable s is defined as：
In formula, λ=[λ1 λ2], λ2≠ 0, and λ1, λ2It is positive or negative constant simultaneously.
Sliding variable s derivations can be obtained：
Step 3：Orthogonal polynomial functions approach item design；
Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of sliding moding structure adaptive control algorithm, it includes Sliding Mode Controller, controlled list
Member, Adaptable System and backfeed loop.Backfeed loop according to reference value and output valve computing system error, miss by obtained system
Input of the difference as Sliding Mode Controller.Adaptable System chooses the mode that orthogonal polynomial functions are approached, it, which passes through, is
The reference value of system, output valve, controller last time control output quantity and interference calculation go out controller it is current approach item
The influence brought to system for reducing error and interference.Sliding Mode Controller to systematic error and adaptive fidelity term into
Row processing, obtained result are sent to controlled system as controlled quentity controlled variable.It is dry to also suffer from system other than receiving controlled quentity controlled variable for system
The influence disturbed, system interference include mainly that uncertain and external environment caused by changing due to Internal system parameters changes
Caused unknown disturbances.A part for system interference is sent to Adaptable System, and Adaptable System can effectively reduce interference
Influence to system makes system remain at optimal or suboptimum state at runtime.
Enable Nm(X)=λ N, for Boost system model, it is assumed that the uncertain item N of unknown boundedm(X) in office
All it is square-integrable, i.e. N in what finite timem(X)∈L2(E), then Nm(X) it can be replaced with the combination of one group of orthogonal basis function
Generation：
Nm(X)=WTZ(X)+ε (11)
Wherein, Z (X) is basic function, and W is the coefficient of basic function, and ε is the approximate error for approaching item.
Z (X)=[φ1 φ2 φ3…φn]T (12)
W=[w1 w2 w3…wn]T (13)
IfFor Nm(X) real-time approximating function：
In formula,Term coefficient is approached for W：
It is set according to the above, the uncertain item of system, which has been converted into, asks time-varying basic function Z (X) and basic function
CoefficientAnd Z (X) is known function, so last only it needs to be determined that one when constant constant vector.
Step 4：Adaptive law designs；
Definition：
Then have
The design acquires the expression formula of sliding moding structure adaptive controller using Lyapunov direct method, original
The adaptive item of function approximation is added in liapunov function：
Wherein, η1＞ 0, η2＞ 0.
Derivation is carried out to V to obtain：
According to formula (19), choosing adaptive law is：
Formula (20) is substituted into formula (19) to obtain：
According toIt can obtainExpression formula：
In formula, k ＞ | ε |,
Step 5：System stability analysis；
For verificationThe reasonability of design brings formula (22) in formula (21) into：
When s=0, equal sign is set up.
Formula (23) shows that the motor point of system can converge to slipform design within a certain period of time, meets the steady of Lyapunov
Fixed condition, to enable systematic error to converge to zero.Theoretical foundation is provided for subsequent system emulation.
Step 6：Voltage ring design；
For DC-DC converter, a control structure that is rational, meeting the converter is selected to tend to improve converter
Stability, accuracy and conversion performance.The System control structures that most of DC-DC converter uses are single closed loop voltage control
System, this control structure design comparison is simply and readily realized, but the stability of system is not strong, and voltage responsive overshoot also compares
Greatly.To solve the deficiency of single closed loop controlling structure, the present invention is used using capacitance (output) voltage and inductive current as feedback quantity
Respective closed loop configuration is formed to form double closed-loop control system.Wherein, outer shroud is voltage regulator, and inner ring is current regulation
Device, both adjusters can select identical or different controller according to actual needs.With the addition of current feedback amount, make
The system of obtaining can carry out high-precision tracking, realize the good dynamic and static characteristic of converter.
The control block diagram of system is as shown in Fig. 2, the outer shroud voltage regulator to play a leading role is selected based on function approximation
Sliding moding structure adaptive controller FASMAC, it can quickly track given reference voltage, have good controlling
Energy.The current regulator of inner ring selects traditional PID controller, and the addition of electric current loop can be able to be not only that system realizes high-precision
The tracking of degree can also limit the maximum current and output power of system, automatic protection converter and driving circuit, ensure system
System is safely and steadily run.
Since this system uses double-closed-loop control structure, the reference inductive current of Voltage loop exported as electric current loop, root
It can be obtained according to formula (1)：
In formula, irFor with reference to inductive current (i.e. the output controlled quentity controlled variable of sliding moding structure adaptive controller FASMAC), uiFor
Real-time input voltage.Formula (24) both sides are integrated and abbreviation can obtain the expression formula of sliding moding structure adaptive controller：
Sliding formwork control signal is discrete, sign function sign (s) is contained in formula (25), when sliding variable reaches sliding formwork
It will produce shake when plane, in order to reduce discrete shake, we use the symbol in saturation function sat (s) substituteds (25)
Function sign (s)：
In formula, the expression formula of saturation function sat (s) is：
In formula, constant δ ＞ 0, δ be diverter surface boundary layer the upper limit, using saturation function for boundary layer outside motor point
It is acted on to talk about switching, and the motor point of inside boundary is then linear change.By choosing suitable δ values, enable error
Zero is converged to, is buffeted to reduce.Formula (26) is using the final of the sliding moding structure adaptive controller of function approximation mode
Expression formula.
Step 7：Design of current ring；
Next it is then the design to electric current loop after the sliding moding structure adaptive controller design of Voltage loop is completed,
Current regulator selects PID controller.It is assumed that the error of electric current loop defines shown in an accepted way of doing sth (28)：
ei=ir-iL (28)
In formula, iLFor actual inductive current.PID control formula is：
In formula, kp, kp, kpRespectively ratio, integral and derivative control coefficient；U is the output controlled quentity controlled variable of final system.
Step 8：The selection of basic function；
To make sliding moding structure adaptive controller possess good control performance, need to choose suitable basic function.Point
Not Xuan Yong Legendre (Legendre), Laguerre (Laguerre), Chebyshev's (Chebyshev) multinomial as inner ring sliding formwork
The basic function of variable structure adaptive control device FASMAC, polynomial order, which gets fourth order (i.e. n=4) and meets precision enough, to be wanted
It asks.Voltage responsive emulation carried out to the sliding moding structure adaptive controller of three kinds of different basic functions, and 0.25~0.27s it
Between be added time-varying interference, simulation result as shown in figure 8, table 1 be their performance indicator data compare.(rise time indicates to become
Parallel operation it is expected that voltage required time, overshoot indicate starting response phase converter voltage beyond desired voltage from arrival is started
Amount, regulating time indicates to adjust overshoot to the time required to stable state, and disturbance quantity indicates time-varying disturbance stage voltage maximum
Variable quantity).
The sliding moding structure adaptive controller performance of 1 three kinds of basic functions of table compares
From table 1 it follows that the control performance difference of the sliding moding structure adaptive controller of three kinds of different basic functions
It is very few.Wherein, either starting response phase or time-varying interference stage, the sliding moding structure based on Laguerre basic function is certainly
The control performance of adaptive controller is all slightly better than other two kinds of basic functions.Therefore, Laguerre polynomials are finally chosen as sliding formwork
The basic function of variable structure adaptive control device, the expression formula of quadravalence is before Laguerre polynomials：
Emulation experiment：
In order to verify design sliding moding structure adaptive controller effect, in MATLAB establish model and imitated
Very, to PID controller, traditional Sliding Mode Controller (CSMC) and function approximation sliding moding structure self adaptive control
Device (FASMAC) compares and analyzes.
First to the present invention relates to some Boost parameters be briefly described, shown in table 2 specific as follows.
2 Boost parameter of table
Referring to Fig. 9, it show PID, CSMC, FASMAC simulation curve, wherein corresponding voltage is rung respectively by (a), (b), (c)
Answer, load disturbance, electric source disturbance the case where, specific test data is shown in the following table 3.
3 PID, CSMC, FASMAC simulation performance of table compares
Actual measurement experiment：
The program write is downloaded in system controller with emulator；By slide rheostat change its resistance value into
Row system load disturbance experiments；The data that system generates can be sent to host computer using serial ports convenient for observation in real time.By
Tracking curve of output under host computer is once only able to display a kind of control strategy, then by three kinds of control strategies in host computer
Experimental data under (PID, CSMC, FASMAC) is acquired, and is handled these three experimental datas using Matlab, then
It is shown on same figure, makes measured result in this way convenient for observation and compares.
The relevant parameter for adjusting PID, CSMC, FASMAC, makes the control performance of three kinds of controllers be optimal, is surveyed
Contrast experiment.Figure 10 (a)-(c) is respectively that the voltage responsive of system under three kinds of control strategies, load disturbance and electric source disturbance are real
Survey curve.Specific measured data is as shown in table 4 below.
4 PID, CSMC, FASMAC measured performance of table compares
Measured data can slightly increase than emulation data, but survey substantially uniform with the comparison result of emulation.Starting
The response time ratio CSMC of response phase, FASMAC lacks about 5ms, about 37ms fewer than PID, and voltage overshoot only has 3.73%；When
The regulating time ratio CSMC in load disturbance stage, FASMAC has lacked about 12ms, fewer than PID nearly 50ms, and FASMAC is controlled
Voltage disturbance amount under system only has 0.91%, is better than CSMC and PID, these, which all embody FASMAC, has very strong anti-interference energy
Power；In the electric source disturbance stage, voltage disturbance momentum caused by FASMAC is minimum, and regulating time ratio CSMC lacks about 13ms, compares PID
Few about 25ms, the strong robustness that FASMAC is showed when further illustrating in the presence of interference is in CSMC and PID；When system reaches
Stable state, the variation of the function approximation item meeting Adaptable System indeterminate of FASMAC is to reduce error.Pass through above actual measurement
Experimental verification FASMAC control performances designed under identical conditions are better than PID and CSMC.
It is noted that the control performance in emulation is more preferable than the result in actual measurement.The reason is as follows that：1) in emulation experiment, institute
Element be all ideal, such as inductance and capacitance, i.e., will not change in system operation；However, element in practice
Actual value be devious with ideal value, this is an important factor for influencing experimental precision；2) in hardware design, reality output
Voltage obtains in such a way that electric resistance partial pressure is sampled by Chip Microcomputer A/D again, and there are errors in the process for this, this also affects control
Precision；3) it is worth noting that, the period of host computer acquisition experimental data is 5ms, this is that the control performance of system is caused to reduce
Other factors.Therefore, adjustment appropriate is carried out using the element of high-quality and to the Hardware Design, this is to further changing
Kind tracking performance plays very important effect.In addition, being needed in systems using the advanced microcontroller with high-speed sampling rate
Device and host computer, to obtain more accurately data.
The explanation of above example is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method and its core concept of the invention.It should be pointed out that pair
For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be carried out
Some improvements and modifications, these improvement and modification are also fallen within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest range caused.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter, which is characterized in that include at least Boost,
Controller, power management module, drive module and AD sampling modules, wherein the power management module is used to be the control system
System provides burning voltage；
The drive module is used to the output voltage control signal of controller carrying out driving enhancing to drive Boost；
The Boost is used for output voltage；
The AD sampling modules are used to the output voltage and electric current of Boost sample and will to obtain Real-time Feedback defeated
Go out voltage, Real-time Feedback output current is sent to the controller；
The controller exports electricity according to the desired output voltage of setting and acquired Real-time Feedback output voltage, Real-time Feedback
Stream output voltage control signal makes its output voltage stabilization to preset reference output voltage to control Boost；
The controller uses double-closed-loop control structure, including sliding moding structure adaptive controller and PID controller, the cunning
Moding structure adaptive controller is outer shroud voltage regulator, using the sliding moding structure adaptive controller based on function approximation
FASMAC, exports the reference inductive current as electric current loop, and output equation is：
In formula, irFor with reference to inductive current (i.e. the output controlled quentity controlled variable of sliding moding structure adaptive controller FASMAC), uiIt is real-time
Input voltage,It is the sliding moding structure adaptive controller according to input parameter (reference output voltage urWith Real-time Feedback voltage
uo) obtain the switching variable of sliding moding structure adaptive controller；L is inductor current value；
The PID controller is the current regulator of inner ring, and PID controller PID control formula is：
In formula, kp, kp, kpRespectively ratio, integral and derivative control coefficient；ei=ir-iL, iLFor Real-time Feedback inductive current；U
For the output controlled quentity controlled variable of final system.
2. the adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cunning
Moding structure adaptive controller further comprises Sliding Mode Controller, controlled cell, Adaptable System and feeds back to
Road；Wherein, backfeed loop is according to reference value and output valve computing system error, and obtained systematic error is as sliding moding structure control
The input of device processed；
The Adaptable System chooses the mode that orthogonal polynomial functions are approached, it passes through the reference value, output valve, sliding formwork of system
The variable-structure controller last time control output quantity and interference calculation go out Sliding Mode Controller it is current approach itemWith
In the influence that reduction error and interference are brought to system；
The Sliding Mode Controller handles systematic error and adaptive fidelity term, and obtained result is as controlled quentity controlled variable
It is sent to controlled cell.
3. the adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that also
Including key-press module, the key-press module is used to preset desired output voltage and the control command for system inputs.
4. the adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that also
Including display module, the display module is used to show the information of current system.
5. the adaptive control system of Boost type DC-DC converter according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states and executes following steps in controller：
Step S1：The approximant sliding moding structure adaptive controller of design function realizes Voltage loop control, and the sliding moding structure is certainly
Adaptive controller is according to input parameter (reference output voltage urWith Real-time Feedback voltage uo) obtain sliding moding structure self adaptive control
The switching variable of deviceInductive current i (is referred to as one of electric current loop input parameter using the output valve of Voltage loopr),
Calculation formula with reference to inductive current is as follows：
Wherein, uiFor real-time input voltage, L is inductor current value；
Step S2：Realize that current loop control, PID controller obtain referring to inductive current i according to Voltage loop using PID controllerrWith
And the Real-time Feedback electric current output drive signal U that sampling obtains controls Boost, the calculation formula of drive signal
It is as follows：
Wherein, e=ir-iL, iLFor Real-time Feedback inductive current；kp, kp, kpRespectively ratio, integral and derivative control coefficient.
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Application publication date: 20180914 Assignee: HANGZHOU KONXIN SOC Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HANGZHOU DIANZI University Contract record no.: X2021330000825 Denomination of invention: An adaptive control system for boost DC-DC converter Granted publication date: 20190917 License type: Common License Record date: 20211220 |