CN108539751B - Regional power grid AVC control method and system - Google Patents

Regional power grid AVC control method and system Download PDF

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CN108539751B
CN108539751B CN201810438623.5A CN201810438623A CN108539751B CN 108539751 B CN108539751 B CN 108539751B CN 201810438623 A CN201810438623 A CN 201810438623A CN 108539751 B CN108539751 B CN 108539751B
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reactive
threshold value
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CN108539751A (en
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吴晋波
熊尚峰
刘海峰
朱维钧
李振文
郭思源
洪权
何晓
李敏
童争光
李辉
李刚
梁文武
臧欣
徐浩
余斌
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a regional power grid AVC control method and a system, wherein the regional power grid is divided into independent regions taking a 220kV transformer substation as a core to carry out AVC control; and judging that the regional AVC enters a 220kV voltage control mode, a 10kV voltage control mode or a 220kV reactive power control mode according to the priority of the regional power grid AVC control target, wherein each mode provides a corresponding optimization control strategy. The method and the system consider the characteristics and the current situation of the regional power grid, reduce the degree of dependence of AVC on the state estimation result, realize coordination control of reactive resources of the regional power grid-connected new energy power plant and the transformer substation according to the AVC control target and the priority, fully exert the regulation and control capability of the grid-connected new energy power plant, reduce the action times of switch equipment to a certain extent, and are established on the basis of the traditional AVC system, and are convenient to implement.

Description

Regional power grid AVC control method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) technology of a regional power grid, in particular to an AVC control method and system of the regional power grid, which are used for considering the characteristics and the current situation of the regional power grid, fully exerting the regulation and control capability of a grid-connected new energy power plant and considering the reduction of the action times of switch equipment.
Background
An Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) system is a main system for Voltage and reactive power Control of a modern power grid, improves the Voltage quality of the power grid, reduces the loss of the power grid and ensures safe, economical and high-quality operation of the power grid through Automatic regulation and Control of reactive power resources of the power grid. The existing power grid in China can be divided into four levels, namely national level, branch level, provincial level and underground level, according to the dispatching authority. The ground-level power grid, namely the regional power grid, refers to a power supply network with 110kV and below voltage levels governed by regional control centers, and comprises a main transformer, 110kV and 10kV parts of a 220kV transformer substation in the region. Different from annular and meshed distribution of provincial and above power grids, the regional power grids are basically distributed in a radial mode with 220kV transformer substations as centers, and electromagnetic ring networks do not exist. Therefore, the regional power grid is naturally divided into a plurality of sub-regions by taking each 220kV transformer substation as a center, and the sub-regions are electrically connected only through lines of 220kV or more.
The reactive power regulation means of the power grid in the early region are relatively single, and only the switching of a parallel capacitor/reactor in the power grid and the tap point gear of a main transformer can be controlled. The automatic voltage control of the existing regional power grid generally adopts a local voltage control + regional reactive power optimization mode, namely, a capacitance/reactor switching strategy and a main transformer tap gear change strategy are firstly formulated according to a nine-region diagram according to the voltage and reactive power conditions of the transformer substation, and then the capacitance/reactor switching strategy is corrected according to the reactive power conditions of the main transformer high-voltage side of the 220kV transformer substation in the subregion. The method has the advantages of simple control method and low dependence on the power grid state estimation result.
Fans and photovoltaic power generation sets of the distributed new energy power plants have reactive dynamic regulation capacity, and a certain number of dynamic reactive compensation devices such as SVG/SVC are configured for matching with power grid voltage regulation and control. The loss and cost brought by the reactive output adjustment of the new energy power plant are far less than the static reactive resources of the power grid for adjusting the reactive output through the action of the switch equipment. With the fact that a large number of distributed new energy power plants are connected into a regional power grid through 110kV, 35kV and 10kV, a large number of excellent reactive resources are brought, and reactive power regulation and control means of the regional power grid are greatly enriched. The existing regional power grid automatic voltage control mode (local voltage control + regional reactive power optimization) cannot effectively play the role of the reactive resources.
If the provincial power grid (220kV and above) automatic voltage control method (three-level control mode) is adopted, although the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant and the power grid can be fully exerted in principle, the control method depends on the power grid state estimation result. The accuracy and convergence speed of the regional power grid state estimation result are far lower than those of a provincial power grid, and the voltage control is possibly misappropriate due to the fact that the state estimation result is excessively depended on. In addition, the regional power grid AVC control targets are as follows according to priority: 1) the 220kV bus voltage is not out of limit, 2) the 10kV bus voltage is not out of limit, and 3) the high-voltage side reactive power of the 220kV main transformer is not out of limit.
Therefore, a practical control method of Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) meeting the present situation and characteristics of the regional power grid is needed, which takes the operation and maintenance cost of the power grid into consideration, fully exerts the regulation and control function of the grid-connected distributed new energy power plant, and reduces the operation times of the switching equipment. The existing methods related to automatic voltage control of a power grid are few, but the current situation of a regional power grid is not considered, the regulation and control functions of a grid-connected distributed new energy power plant are excessively depended on state estimation or are not considered, and the action times of switching equipment are reduced. For example, chinese patent application No. 201310111454.1 discloses a reactive voltage optimization method and apparatus based on AVC system, which uses a primal-dual interior point method, a branch definition method, and a voltage correction control model method to deal with the problem of discrete and continuous reactive power source coordination optimization control, and relies too much on the result of state estimation, and does not consider the objective of reducing the number of times of actions of switching devices; for example, the chinese patent document with application number 201410057500.9 discloses a regional power grid AVC control method, which takes historical experience and future variation tendency into consideration, locks and adjusts excessive discrete reactive resource control devices, limits the number of times of adjustment of a single discrete reactive resource expected value, does not relate to the regulation and control function of a grid-connected power plant, and does not take into consideration the reduction of the total number of actions of power grid switching devices; for example, chinese patent application No. 201510079849.7 discloses a control method of an AVC system, where after discretizing continuous reactive resources, an optimal solution is obtained through traversal, and the method does not depend on a state estimation result seriously, and does not consider reducing the number of times of actions of switching devices, and requires a large amount of time for traversal solution of a large power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the invention provides a regional power grid AVC control method and system aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the method and the system can give full play to the regulation and control capability of a grid-connected new energy power plant according to regional power grid AVC control targets and priorities by considering the characteristics and the current situation of the regional power grid, and consider reducing the action times of switch equipment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a regional power grid AVC control method divides a regional power grid into a plurality of mutually independent regions by taking a 220kV transformer substation as a core in advance, each region carries out automatic voltage control with a fixed period, and the automatic voltage control comprises the following steps:
1) detecting whether the 220kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a preset first limit threshold value, if so, skipping to execute the step 2), and otherwise, skipping to execute the step 6);
2) entering a 220kV voltage control mode, detecting whether the voltage of a 220kV bus in the area exceeds a preset second limit threshold, if so, skipping to execute the step 3), and otherwise, skipping to execute the step 4);
3) simultaneously adjusting the output of the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant and the switching of the reactive resources of the capacitor/reactor of the power grid according to a preset first 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 5);
4) independently adjusting the output of the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant according to a preset second 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 5);
5) adjusting the position of a transformer substation tap in the region according to a preset third 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 10);
6) detecting whether the 10kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a preset third limit threshold one by one, if so, skipping to execute the step 7), and if not, skipping to execute the step 8);
7) entering a 10kV voltage control mode, adjusting the switching of reactive resources of a capacitor/reactor of a power grid of the transformer substation, the position of a main transformer tap of the transformer substation, reactive resources of adjacent transformer substations and a grid-connected power plant according to a preset 10kV voltage control strategy aiming at an out-of-limit 10kV bus, and skipping to execute the step 10);
8) detecting whether the outgoing reactive power of the area exceeds a preset fourth limit threshold, if so, executing the step 9), otherwise, executing the step 10);
9) entering a 220kV reactive power control mode, adjusting reactive power resources of each grid-connected power plant according to a preset 220kV reactive power control strategy, and executing the step 10);
10) and keeping the control expected value of the rest reactive resources unchanged, and ending the control of the period.
Preferably, the functional expression of the first 220kV voltage control strategy in step 3) is as shown in formula (1) and formula (2); if the equations (1) and (2) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the equations (1) and (2) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg+∑△Qs) (1)
Figure GDA0002262403070000031
in the formulae (1) and (2), Delta QgFor changing the desired value, Delta Q, of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plantsThe expected value of the reactive power change of the transformer substation caused by the switching of the capacitor/reactor is obtained; ccgFor reactive power of regional grid-connected power plants, CcsA sensitivity coefficient matrix of the reactive power of the transformer substation to the 220kV bus voltage in the area is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is larger than the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is smaller than the lower threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the lower threshold value of the first limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure GDA0002262403070000032
△ gQthe current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively;
Figure GDA0002262403070000033
△ sQthe upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the transformer substation can be adjusted at present.
Preferably, the functional expression of the second 220kV voltage control strategy in step 4) is as shown in formula (3) and formula (4); if the equations (3) and (4) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the equations (3) and (4) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg) (3)
Figure GDA0002262403070000034
in the formulae (3) and (4), Δ QgThe expected value of the change of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant is obtained; ccgIs a regionA sensitivity coefficient matrix of the reactive power of the internal grid-connected power plant to the 220kV bus voltage of the area; if the 220kV bus voltage is larger than the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is smaller than the lower threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the lower threshold value of the first limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure GDA0002262403070000041
△ gQand the current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively.
Preferably, the detailed steps of the third 220kV voltage control strategy in step 5) include:
5.1) judging whether the 220kV bus voltage is greater than the upper threshold of the first limit threshold, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.2), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.5);
5.2) judging whether a lower threshold value of which the voltage of the 10kV bus exceeding the first preset proportion is smaller than a third limit threshold value in the region is established or not, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.3), and if not, skipping to execute the step 5.4);
5.3) adjusting the first gear of the tap position of the 220kV main transformer downwards, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.4) adjusting the position of a transformer tap joint where the 10kV bus which is smaller than the lower threshold value of the third limiting threshold value is located at the first gear, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.5) judging whether a lower threshold value of the 220kV bus voltage which is smaller than the first limit threshold value is established or not, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.6), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.6) judging whether an upper threshold value of the 10kV bus voltage exceeding a second preset proportion in the region and larger than a third limit threshold value is established, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.7), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.8);
5.7) adjusting up the first gear of the tap position of the 220kV main transformer, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.8) the position of a transformer tap at which the 10kV bus is located is adjusted up to the first gear, wherein the lower threshold value is smaller than the third limiting threshold value, and the step 5.9) is executed;
5.9) keeping the positions of the taps of the rest transformers in the area unchanged.
Preferably, the 10kV voltage control strategy preset in step 7) coordinates resources of adjacent substations/grid-connected power plants on the basis of preferentially using local reactive resources, and the detailed implementation steps include:
7.1) if reactive resources which can reduce the voltage of 10kV except for a transformer tap are not used in a transformer substation where the target 10kV bus is located, skipping to execute the step 7.2), otherwise skipping to execute the step 7.3);
7.2) according to the historical use times of the unused reactive resources, the used reactive resources are used in sequence at least, and the step 7.6) is executed in a skipping mode;
7.3) sequentially applying for calling reactive resources of 3-5 substations close to a target 10kV bus or a grid-connected power plant according to sensitivity sequencing, if the application is the reactive resource of the substation, skipping to execute the step 7.4), if the application is the reactive resource of the grid-connected power plant, skipping to execute the step 7.5), and if all applicable substations or grid-connected power plants are not allowed to be called, skipping to execute the step 7.6);
7.4) calculating whether the voltage of the 10kV bus of the transformer substation close to the target 10kV bus exceeds a third limit threshold value after the reactive resources of the transformer substation are called according to the preset sequence, if the voltage of the 10kV bus of the transformer substation close to the target 10kV bus does not exceed the third limit threshold value, calling the reactive resources of the transformer substation according to the preset sequence, and skipping to execute the step 7.6), otherwise, not allowing the reactive resources of the transformer substation to be called, and skipping to execute the step 7.3);
7.5) calculating whether the 220kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a first limit threshold and whether the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point of the adjacent grid-connected power plant exceeds a third limit threshold after the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant are called according to a preset step length, calling the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant according to the preset step length and executing the step 7.6 if the 220kV bus voltage in the region does not exceed the first limit threshold and the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point of the adjacent grid-connected power plant does not exceed the third limit threshold, or not allowing to call the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant and executing the step 7.3);
7.6) the 10kV voltage control strategy for the target 10kV bus is ended.
Preferably, the function expression of the 220kV reactive power control strategy preset in the step 9) is as shown in the formula (5) and the formula (6); if the formula (5) and the formula (6) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the formula (5) and the formula (6) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg) (5)
Figure GDA0002262403070000051
in the formulae (5) and (6), Δ QgThe expected value of the change of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant is obtained; ccg、C'cgSensitivity coefficient matrix C of reactive power of grid-connected power plants in the region to 220kV bus voltage and reactive power delivered from the region "cgSensitivity coefficient of reactive power of grid-connected power plants in the region to the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the respective grid-connected point; v220Is 220kV bus voltage, V in the region1010kV bus voltage of a transformer substation connected with respective grid-connected points of grid-connected power plants in the region; if the area outgoing reactive power is larger than the upper threshold of the fourth limiting threshold, delta Q220The absolute value of the deviation between the outgoing reactive power of the current area and the upper threshold value of the fourth limiting threshold value is obtained; if the area outgoing reactive power is smaller than the lower threshold of the fourth limiting threshold, delta Q220The absolute value of the deviation between the outgoing reactive power of the current area and the lower threshold value of the fourth limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure GDA0002262403070000052
△ gQand the current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively.
Preferably, when the 220kV substation is taken as a core to divide the regional power grid into a plurality of mutually independent areas, the division principle is as follows: s1) if two 220kV buses of a certain 220kV transformer substation operate in parallel, dividing regions according to a power grid radiated by the 220kV transformer substation; s2) if two 220kV buses of a certain 220kV transformer substation operate in a split mode, dividing respective areas according to power grids radiated by the two 220kV buses respectively; s3) each grid-connected power plant in the regional power grid is planned into the region of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point.
The present invention also embodies a regional power grid AVC control system that includes computer devices programmed to perform the steps of the regional power grid AVC control method of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the characteristics of a regional power grid, the regional power grid is divided into a plurality of mutually independent areas taking a 220kV transformer substation as a core, and AVC control is respectively carried out; on the premise of not depending on the regional state estimation result, judging that the regional AVC enters a 220kV voltage control mode, a 10kV voltage control mode or a 220kV reactive power control mode according to the priority of a regional power grid AVC control target, wherein each mode provides a corresponding optimization control strategy; the reactive power control expected value of the grid-connected new energy power plant is preferentially adjusted as much as possible in the optimization control strategy, so that the regulation and control capability of the grid-connected power plant is fully exerted, and the action times of switch equipment are reduced. According to the invention, the characteristics and the current situation of the regional power grid are considered, and the dependence degree of AVC on the state estimation result is reduced; according to the AVC control target of the regional power grid and the priority, realizing coordination control of reactive resources of the regional power grid-connected new energy power plant and the transformer substation; the regulation and control capability of the grid-connected new energy power plant is fully exerted, and the action times of switch equipment are reduced to a certain extent; the control method is established on the basis of the traditional regional power grid AVC system, does not need to add new systems and hardware, conforms to the regional power grid AVC control target principle and is convenient to implement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic flow of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the regional power grid AVC control method, a 220kV transformer substation is taken as a core in advance to divide a regional power grid into a plurality of mutually independent regions, and each region is subjected to automatic voltage control at a fixed period. In this embodiment, when the 220kV substation is taken as a core to divide the regional power grid into a plurality of mutually independent areas, the division principle is as follows: s1) if two 220kV buses of a certain 220kV transformer substation operate in parallel, dividing regions according to a power grid radiated by the 220kV transformer substation; s2) if two 220kV buses of a certain 220kV transformer substation operate in a split mode, dividing respective areas according to power grids radiated by the two 220kV buses respectively; s3) each grid-connected power plant in the regional power grid is planned into the region of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point.
It should be noted that, when different areas perform automatic voltage control at fixed periods, the periods of the different areas may be determined according to the reactive regulation and control requirements of the regional power grid voltage, which is generally 5 minutes.
As shown in fig. 1, the step of automatic voltage control in this embodiment includes:
1) detecting whether the 220kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a preset first limit threshold value, if so, skipping to execute the step 2), and otherwise, skipping to execute the step 6);
2) entering a 220kV voltage control mode, detecting whether the voltage of a 220kV bus in the area exceeds a preset second limit threshold, if so, skipping to execute the step 3), and otherwise, skipping to execute the step 4);
3) simultaneously adjusting the output of the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant and the switching of the reactive resources of the capacitor/reactor of the power grid according to a preset first 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 5);
4) independently adjusting the output of the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant according to a preset second 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 5);
5) adjusting the position of a transformer substation tap in the region according to a preset third 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 10);
6) detecting whether the 10kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a preset third limit threshold one by one, if so, skipping to execute the step 7), and if not, skipping to execute the step 8);
7) entering a 10kV voltage control mode, adjusting the switching of reactive resources of a capacitor/reactor of a power grid of the transformer substation, the position of a main transformer tap of the transformer substation, reactive resources of adjacent transformer substations and a grid-connected power plant according to a preset 10kV voltage control strategy aiming at an out-of-limit 10kV bus, and skipping to execute the step 10);
8) detecting whether the outgoing reactive power of the area exceeds a preset fourth limit threshold, if so, executing the step 9), otherwise, executing the step 10);
9) entering a 220kV reactive power control mode, adjusting reactive power resources of each grid-connected power plant according to a preset 220kV reactive power control strategy, and executing the step 10);
10) and keeping the control expected value of the rest reactive resources unchanged, and ending the control of the period.
In this embodiment, the first limiting threshold in step 1) includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold, which refer to the upper limit and the lower limit of the qualified interval of the 220kV bus voltage, respectively, and a certain margin is reserved, and the upper margin and the lower margin of the first limiting threshold are both generally set to 1 kV; different 220kV buses and different time periods are adopted, the values of the first limiting threshold are different, the upper threshold is 229-230 kV generally, and the lower threshold is 224 kV; and if the 220kV bus voltage is greater than the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value or less than the lower threshold value of the first limit threshold value, the 220kV bus voltage is considered to exceed the preset first limit threshold value.
In this embodiment, the second limiting threshold in step 2) includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold, and the calculation function expression is as follows:
Figure GDA0002262403070000071
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure GDA0002262403070000072
2Vrespectively an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value of a second limit threshold value,
Figure GDA0002262403070000073
1Vrespectively an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value of a limit threshold value 1, CcgIs a sensitivity coefficient matrix of reactive power of a grid-connected power plant in a region to the 220kV bus voltage of the region,
Figure GDA0002262403070000074
△ gQrespectively the currently adjustable upper and lower margin values of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant,
Figure GDA0002262403070000075
μthe upper margin value and the lower margin value of the second limit threshold value are respectively set as 1kV generally; and if the 220kV bus voltage is greater than the upper threshold value of the second limit threshold value or less than the lower threshold value of the second limit threshold value, the 220kV bus voltage is considered to exceed the preset second limit threshold value.
In this embodiment, the functional expressions of the first 220kV voltage control strategy in step 3) are shown as formula (1) and formula (2); if the equations (1) and (2) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the equations (1) and (2) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg+∑△Qs) (1)
Figure GDA0002262403070000081
in the formulae (1) and (2), Delta QgFor changing the desired value, Delta Q, of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plantsThe expected value of the reactive power change of the transformer substation caused by the switching of the capacitor/reactor is obtained; ccgFor reactive power of regional grid-connected power plants, CcsA sensitivity coefficient matrix of the reactive power of the transformer substation to the 220kV bus voltage in the area is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is larger than the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is smaller than the lower threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the lower threshold value of the first limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure GDA0002262403070000082
△ gQthe current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively;
Figure GDA0002262403070000083
△ sQrespectively up and down adjustable for the reactive power of the transformer substationA margin value.
In this embodiment, the functional expressions of the second 220kV voltage control strategy in step 4) are shown as formula (3) and formula (4); if the equations (3) and (4) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the equations (3) and (4) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg) (3)
Figure GDA0002262403070000084
in the formulae (3) and (4), Δ QgThe expected value of the change of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant is obtained; ccgA sensitivity coefficient matrix of reactive power of a grid-connected power plant in the area to the 220kV bus voltage in the area is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is larger than the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is smaller than the lower threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the lower threshold value of the first limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure GDA0002262403070000085
△ gQand the current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively.
In this embodiment, the detailed steps of the third 220kV voltage control strategy in step 5) include:
5.1) judging whether the 220kV bus voltage is greater than the upper threshold of the first limit threshold, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.2), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.5);
5.2) judging whether a lower threshold value of which the voltage of the 10kV bus exceeding the first preset proportion is smaller than a third limit threshold value in the region is established or not, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.3), and if not, skipping to execute the step 5.4); in this embodiment, the first predetermined ratio value is 40%;
5.3) adjusting the first gear of the tap position of the 220kV main transformer downwards, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.4) adjusting the position of a transformer tap joint where the 10kV bus which is smaller than the lower threshold value of the third limiting threshold value is located at the first gear, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.5) judging whether a lower threshold value of the 220kV bus voltage which is smaller than the first limit threshold value is established or not, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.6), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.6) judging whether an upper threshold value of the 10kV bus voltage exceeding a second preset proportion in the region and larger than a third limit threshold value is established, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.7), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.8); in this embodiment, the value of the second preset proportion is 40% as same as the value of the first preset proportion;
5.7) adjusting up the first gear of the tap position of the 220kV main transformer, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.8) the position of a transformer tap at which the 10kV bus is located is adjusted up to the first gear, wherein the lower threshold value is smaller than the third limiting threshold value, and the step 5.9) is executed;
5.9) keeping the positions of the taps of the rest transformers in the area unchanged.
In this embodiment, the third limiting threshold preset in step 6) includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold, which refer to the upper limit and the lower limit of the required 10kV bus voltage qualified interval, respectively, and a certain margin is left; the upper margin and the lower margin of the third limit threshold are generally set to be 0.05 kV; the third limiting threshold values are different in different time periods and different in different 10kV buses, the upper threshold value is generally 10.6-10.95 kV, and the lower threshold value is generally 9.5-10.15 kV; and if the voltage of the 10kV bus is greater than the upper threshold value of the third limit threshold value or less than the lower threshold value of the third limit threshold value, the voltage of the 10kV bus is considered to exceed the preset third limit threshold value.
In this embodiment, the 10kV voltage control strategy preset in step 7) coordinates resources of adjacent substations/grid-connected power plants on the basis of preferentially using local reactive resources, and the detailed implementation steps include:
7.1) if reactive resources which can reduce the voltage of 10kV except for a transformer tap are not used in a transformer substation where the target 10kV bus is located, skipping to execute the step 7.2), otherwise skipping to execute the step 7.3);
7.2) according to the historical use times of the unused reactive resources, the used reactive resources are used in sequence at least, and the step 7.6) is executed in a skipping mode;
7.3) sequentially applying for calling reactive resources of 3-5 substations close to a target 10kV bus or a grid-connected power plant according to sensitivity sequencing, if the application is the reactive resource of the substation, skipping to execute the step 7.4), if the application is the reactive resource of the grid-connected power plant, skipping to execute the step 7.5), and if all applicable substations or grid-connected power plants are not allowed to be called, skipping to execute the step 7.6);
7.4) calculating whether the voltage of the 10kV bus of the transformer substation close to the target 10kV bus exceeds a third limit threshold value after the reactive resources of the transformer substation are called according to the preset sequence, if the voltage of the 10kV bus of the transformer substation close to the target 10kV bus does not exceed the third limit threshold value, calling the reactive resources of the transformer substation according to the preset sequence, and skipping to execute the step 7.6), otherwise, not allowing the reactive resources of the transformer substation to be called, and skipping to execute the step 7.3);
7.5) calculating whether the 220kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a first limit threshold and whether the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point of the adjacent grid-connected power plant exceeds a third limit threshold after the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant are called according to a preset step length, calling the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant according to the preset step length and executing the step 7.6 if the 220kV bus voltage in the region does not exceed the first limit threshold and the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point of the adjacent grid-connected power plant does not exceed the third limit threshold, or not allowing to call the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant and executing the step 7.3);
7.6) the 10kV voltage control strategy for the target 10kV bus is ended.
In this embodiment, the fourth limiting threshold preset in step 8) includes an upper threshold and a lower threshold, and the upper limit and the lower limit of the required region outgoing reactive power control interval are referred to respectively, and a certain margin is left; if the area only has one 220kV main transformer, the outgoing reactive power of the area is the reactive power value of the high-voltage side of the 220kV main transformer; if the area has a plurality of 220kV main transformers, the outgoing reactive power of the area is the sum of the reactive power of the high-voltage sides of the 220kV main transformers; the fourth limiting threshold value is different in different areas and different time periods; and if the outgoing reactive power of the region is larger than the upper threshold value of the fourth limit threshold value or smaller than the lower threshold value of the fourth limit threshold value, the outgoing reactive power of the region is considered to exceed the preset fourth limit threshold value.
In this embodiment, the function expressions of the 220kV reactive power control strategy preset in step 9) are shown as formula (5) and formula (6); if the formula (5) and the formula (6) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the formula (5) and the formula (6) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg) (5)
Figure GDA0002262403070000101
in the formulae (5) and (6), Δ QgThe expected value of the change of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant is obtained; ccg、C'cgSensitivity coefficient matrix C of reactive power of grid-connected power plants in the region to 220kV bus voltage and reactive power delivered from the region "cgSensitivity coefficient of reactive power of grid-connected power plants in the region to the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the respective grid-connected point; v220Is 220kV bus voltage, V in the region1010kV bus voltage of a transformer substation connected with respective grid-connected points of grid-connected power plants in the region; if the area outgoing reactive power is larger than the upper threshold of the fourth limiting threshold, delta Q220The absolute value of the deviation between the outgoing reactive power of the current area and the upper threshold value of the fourth limiting threshold value is obtained; if the area outgoing reactive power is smaller than the lower threshold of the fourth limiting threshold, delta Q220The absolute value of the deviation between the outgoing reactive power of the current area and the lower threshold value of the fourth limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure GDA0002262403070000102
△ gQand the current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively.
In summary, in the regional power grid AVC control method according to this embodiment, according to characteristics of a regional power grid, the regional power grid is divided into a plurality of mutually independent regions with a 220kV substation as a core, and AVC control is respectively performed; on the premise of not depending on the regional state estimation result, judging that the regional AVC enters a 220kV voltage control mode, a 10kV voltage control mode or a 220kV reactive power control mode according to the priority of a regional power grid AVC control target, wherein each mode provides a corresponding optimization control strategy; the reactive power control expected value of the grid-connected new energy power plant is preferentially adjusted as much as possible in the optimization control strategy, so that the regulation and control capability of the grid-connected power plant is fully exerted, and the action times of switch equipment are reduced. The method and the system consider the characteristics and the current situation of the regional power grid, reduce the degree of dependence of AVC on the state estimation result, realize coordination control of reactive resources of the regional power grid-connected new energy power plant and the transformer substation according to the AVC control target and the priority, fully exert the regulation and control capability of the grid-connected new energy power plant, reduce the action times of switch equipment to a certain extent, and are established on the basis of the traditional AVC system, and are convenient to implement.
The present embodiment further provides a regional power grid AVC control system, which includes a computer device programmed to execute the steps of the aforementioned regional power grid AVC control method according to the present embodiment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A regional power grid AVC control method is characterized in that a 220kV transformer substation is taken as a core in advance to divide a regional power grid into a plurality of mutually independent regions, each region is subjected to automatic voltage control at a fixed period, and the automatic voltage control comprises the following steps:
1) detecting whether the 220kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a preset first limit threshold value, if so, skipping to execute the step 2), and otherwise, skipping to execute the step 6);
2) entering a 220kV voltage control mode, detecting whether the voltage of a 220kV bus in the area exceeds a preset second limit threshold, if so, skipping to execute the step 3), and otherwise, skipping to execute the step 4);
3) simultaneously adjusting the output of the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant and the switching of the reactive resources of the capacitor/reactor of the power grid according to a preset first 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 5);
4) independently adjusting the output of the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant according to a preset second 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 5);
5) adjusting the position of a transformer substation tap in the region according to a preset third 220kV voltage control strategy, and skipping to execute the step 10);
6) detecting whether the 10kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a preset third limit threshold one by one, if so, skipping to execute the step 7), and if not, skipping to execute the step 8);
7) entering a 10kV voltage control mode, adjusting the switching of reactive resources of a capacitor/reactor of a power grid of the transformer substation, the position of a main transformer tap of the transformer substation, reactive resources of adjacent transformer substations and a grid-connected power plant according to a preset 10kV voltage control strategy aiming at an out-of-limit 10kV bus, and skipping to execute the step 10);
8) detecting whether the outgoing reactive power of the area exceeds a preset fourth limit threshold, if so, executing the step 9), otherwise, executing the step 10);
9) entering a 220kV reactive power control mode, adjusting reactive power resources of each grid-connected power plant according to a preset 220kV reactive power control strategy, and executing the step 10);
10) and keeping the control expected value of the rest reactive resources unchanged, and ending the control of the period.
2. The regional power grid AVC control method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the functional expressions of the first 220kV voltage control strategy are shown as formula (1) and formula (2); if the equations (1) and (2) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the equations (1) and (2) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg+∑△Qs) (1)
Figure FDA0002262403060000011
in the formulae (1) and (2), Delta QgFor changing the desired value, Delta Q, of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plantsThe expected value of the reactive power change of the transformer substation caused by the switching of the capacitor/reactor is obtained; ccgFor reactive power of regional grid-connected power plants, CcsA sensitivity coefficient matrix of the reactive power of the transformer substation to the 220kV bus voltage in the area is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is larger than the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is smaller than the lower threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the lower threshold value of the first limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure FDA0002262403060000021
△ gQthe current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively;
Figure FDA0002262403060000022
△ sQthe upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the transformer substation can be adjusted at present.
3. The regional power grid AVC control method of claim 1, wherein the functional expressions of the second 220kV voltage control strategy in step 4) are shown as formula (3) and formula (4); if the equations (3) and (4) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the equations (3) and (4) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg) (3)
Figure FDA0002262403060000023
in the formulae (3) and (4), Δ QgThe expected value of the change of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant is obtained; ccgA sensitivity coefficient matrix of reactive power of a grid-connected power plant in the area to the 220kV bus voltage in the area is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is larger than the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the upper threshold value of the first limit threshold value is obtained; if the 220kV bus voltage is smaller than the lower threshold value of the first limit threshold value, delta V220The absolute value of the deviation between the current 220kV bus voltage and the lower threshold value of the first limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure FDA0002262403060000024
△ gQand the current adjustable upper margin value and the lower margin value of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant are respectively.
4. The regional power grid AVC control method of claim 1, wherein the detailed steps of the third 220kV voltage control strategy in step 5) comprise:
5.1) judging whether the 220kV bus voltage is greater than the upper threshold of the first limit threshold, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.2), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.5);
5.2) judging whether a lower threshold value of which the voltage of the 10kV bus exceeding the first preset proportion is smaller than a third limit threshold value in the region is established or not, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.3), and if not, skipping to execute the step 5.4);
5.3) adjusting the first gear of the tap position of the 220kV main transformer downwards, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.4) adjusting the position of a transformer tap joint where the 10kV bus which is smaller than the lower threshold value of the third limiting threshold value is located at the first gear, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.5) judging whether a lower threshold value of the 220kV bus voltage which is smaller than the first limit threshold value is established or not, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.6), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.6) judging whether an upper threshold value of the 10kV bus voltage exceeding a second preset proportion in the region and larger than a third limit threshold value is established, if so, skipping to execute the step 5.7), otherwise, skipping to execute the step 5.8);
5.7) adjusting up the first gear of the tap position of the 220kV main transformer, and skipping to execute the step 5.9);
5.8) the position of a transformer tap at which the 10kV bus is located is adjusted up to the first gear, wherein the lower threshold value is smaller than the third limiting threshold value, and the step 5.9) is executed;
5.9) keeping the positions of the taps of the rest transformers in the area unchanged.
5. The regional power grid AVC control method of claim 1, wherein the 10kV voltage control strategy preset in step 7) coordinates resources of adjacent substations/grid-connected power plants on the basis of preferential use of local reactive resources, and the detailed implementation steps comprise:
7.1) if reactive resources which can reduce the voltage of 10kV except for a transformer tap are not used in a transformer substation where the target 10kV bus is located, skipping to execute the step 7.2), otherwise skipping to execute the step 7.3);
7.2) according to the historical use times of the unused reactive resources, the used reactive resources are used in sequence at least, and the step 7.6) is executed in a skipping mode;
7.3) sequentially applying for calling reactive resources of 3-5 substations close to a target 10kV bus or a grid-connected power plant according to sensitivity sequencing, if the application is the reactive resource of the substation, skipping to execute the step 7.4), if the application is the reactive resource of the grid-connected power plant, skipping to execute the step 7.5), and if all applicable substations or grid-connected power plants are not allowed to be called, skipping to execute the step 7.6);
7.4) calculating whether the voltage of the 10kV bus of the transformer substation close to the target 10kV bus exceeds a third limit threshold value after the reactive resources of the transformer substation are called according to the preset sequence, if the voltage of the 10kV bus of the transformer substation close to the target 10kV bus does not exceed the third limit threshold value, calling the reactive resources of the transformer substation according to the preset sequence, and skipping to execute the step 7.6), otherwise, not allowing the reactive resources of the transformer substation to be called, and skipping to execute the step 7.3);
7.5) calculating whether the 220kV bus voltage in the region exceeds a first limit threshold and whether the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point of the adjacent grid-connected power plant exceeds a third limit threshold after the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant are called according to a preset step length, calling the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant according to the preset step length and executing the step 7.6 if the 220kV bus voltage in the region does not exceed the first limit threshold and the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point of the adjacent grid-connected power plant does not exceed the third limit threshold, or not allowing to call the reactive resources of the grid-connected power plant and executing the step 7.3);
7.6) the 10kV voltage control strategy for the target 10kV bus is ended.
6. The regional power grid AVC control method of claim 1, wherein the functional expressions of the 220kV reactive power control strategy preset in the step 9) are shown as the formula (5) and the formula (6); if the formula (5) and the formula (6) have feasible solutions, the control instruction is issued according to the feasible solutions, and if the formula (5) and the formula (6) have no feasible solutions, the control instruction is not issued by the current round of automatic voltage control;
min(∑△Qg) (5)
Figure FDA0002262403060000041
in the formulae (5) and (6), Δ QgThe expected value of the change of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plant is obtained; ccg、C'cgSensitivity coefficient matrix C of reactive power of grid-connected power plants in the region to 220kV bus voltage and reactive power delivered from the region "cgSensitivity coefficient of reactive power of grid-connected power plants in the region to the 10kV bus voltage of the transformer substation connected with the respective grid-connected point; v220Is 220kV bus voltage, V in the region1010kV bus voltage of a transformer substation connected with respective grid-connected points of grid-connected power plants in the region; if the area outgoing reactive power is larger than the upper threshold of the fourth limiting threshold, delta Q220The absolute value of the deviation between the outgoing reactive power of the current area and the upper threshold value of the fourth limiting threshold value is obtained; if the area outgoing reactive power is smaller than the lower threshold of the fourth limiting threshold, delta Q220The absolute value of the deviation between the outgoing reactive power of the current area and the lower threshold value of the fourth limiting threshold value is obtained;
Figure FDA0002262403060000042
△ gQrespectively being the current adjustable upper and lower margin of the reactive power of the grid-connected power plantAnd (4) measuring values.
7. The regional power grid AVC control method according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the regional power grid is divided into a plurality of mutually independent regions with a 220kV transformer substation as a core, the division principle is as follows: s1) if two 220kV buses of a certain 220kV transformer substation operate in parallel, dividing regions according to a power grid radiated by the 220kV transformer substation; s2) if two 220kV buses of a certain 220kV transformer substation operate in a split mode, dividing respective areas according to power grids radiated by the two 220kV buses respectively; s3) each grid-connected power plant in the regional power grid is planned into the region of the transformer substation connected with the grid-connected point.
8. A regional power grid AVC control system comprises computer equipment and is characterized in that: the computer device is programmed to perform the steps of the regional power grid AVC control method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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