CN108539269B - Lithium ion battery electrolyte - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
In order to solve the problem that the electrolyte in the prior art cannot give consideration to flame retardant property, cycle and other electrochemical properties, the invention provides a lithium ion battery electrolyte, which comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a phosphazene compound and perfluorohexanone. The lithium ion battery electrolyte provided by the invention has good cycle performance and flame-retardant safety, and the lithium ion battery using the electrolyte has stable cycle performance at normal temperature and 45 ℃, does not swell when stored in a 60 ℃ hot box, has small internal resistance change, and keeps good storage performance and cycle performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery electrolyte, and particularly relates to lithium ion battery electrolyte containing two flame retardant additives.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have been widely used in the new and emerging national strategic industries such as electric vehicles and energy storage engineering, and are widely concerned by the academic and industrial fields. The lithium ion battery consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a diaphragm, electrolyte and the like, wherein the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery plays a role in accommodating and conducting ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, and is a guarantee for the lithium ion battery to obtain the advantages of high voltage, high specific energy and the like. The lithium ion battery electrolyte is generally prepared from a solvent, lithium salt and an additive according to a certain proportion. The most mature lithium salt currently used in commercial lithium ion battery production is lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF)6) The solvent is mainly carbonates and small amount of carboxylic acid esters, such as: ethylene Carbonate (EC), Propylene Carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), etc., and a small amount of additives are mainly used to improve the overall performance of the electrolyte, for example: the method has the advantages of improving the cycle efficiency of the battery, improving the film forming performance of the electrode, reducing the internal resistance of the battery, improving the safety of the battery and the like.
In order to meet the increasing performance requirements of lithium ion batteries, additives are currently essential important constituents. Particularly, for the flame-retardant electrolyte, the conventional main solvents in the lithium ion battery electrolyte are carbonates, linear carbonates such as DMC, EMC and DEC belong to flammable solvents, and cyclic carbonates EC and PC belong to flammable solvents, so that the lithium ion battery electrolyte in which lithium salts and conventional additives are dissolved is flammable, and in some cases, is even flammable. In order to realize the flame retardance of the electrolyte, under the condition that carbonates are used as a main solvent of the electrolyte, a certain content of flame retardant is added to realize the flame retardance of the electrolyte, which is very important for improving the safety performance of the lithium ion battery. However, the flame retardants commonly used at present must be added in relatively high amounts to achieve good flame retardant effects, such as phosphorous-containing trimethyl phosphate (TMP), triethyl phosphate (TEP), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), diethyl ethylphosphonate (DEEP), and the like, and phosphazenes, which are flame retardants containing both phosphorous and nitrogen elements. The phosphorus-containing esters have the main defects of easy decomposition on the negative electrode and poor battery cycle performance, so that the phosphorus-containing esters are not widely applied in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of insufficient cycle performance of a flame-retardant electrolyte in the prior art and provides an improved lithium ion battery electrolyte.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a phosphazene compound and perfluorohexanone.
The inventor finds that the perfluorohexanone theoretically contributes to improving the flame retardant property of the electrolyte. However, it has been found through experimentation that in electrolytes based on carbonates as the main solvent, the solubility of perfluorohexanone is very low, allowing the use of concentrations not exceeding 1%. Under the condition of the addition amount, the improvement effect of the addition of the perfluorohexanone on the flame retardant property of the electrolyte is not obvious. The solubility of perfluorohexanone can be theoretically increased by adding a surfactant or a solubilizer to the electrolyte, but the addition of the surfactant or the solubilizer will inevitably seriously affect the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte.
According to the invention, the phosphazene compound and the perfluorohexanone are simultaneously added into the electrolyte, and surprisingly, the solubility of the perfluorohexanone is correspondingly improved along with the addition of the phosphazene compound, and the concentration of the perfluorohexanone in the electrolyte is far more than 1% and even can reach 6% through the synergistic effect of the phosphazene compound and the perfluorohexanone, so that the perfluorohexanone can fully exert the effect in the electrolyte. In detail, after 0.5-10% of perfluorohexanone, preferably 1-6% of perfluorohexanone is added to the electrolyte containing phosphazene compound, the electrolyte cannot be ignited by an open fire. When 1-20% of phosphazene compound is added into the electrolyte containing perfluorohexanone, preferably 5-15%, the perfluorohexanone can be promoted to be dissolved in the electrolyte. On the other hand, the phosphazene compound has higher oxidation potential and flame retardance, and can help to inhibit the electrolyte from being oxidized and decomposed on the surface of an electrode, thereby further improving the high-temperature performance and the safety performance of the battery.
In addition, through the matching use of the phosphazene compound and the perfluorohexanone, the problems of poor multiplying power performance, conductivity reduction, short cycle life and the like of the electrolyte can be avoided, and the conductivity, wettability and flame retardance of the electrolyte are obviously improved, so that the electrolyte has better cycle performance and flame retardant safety. After the electrolyte is injected into a battery, the normal-temperature and high-temperature performances of the battery are obviously improved.
The lithium ion battery using the electrolyte has stable cycle performance at normal temperature and 45 ℃, does not swell when stored in a 60 ℃ hot box, has small internal resistance change, and keeps good storage performance and cycle performance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The lithium ion battery electrolyte provided by the invention comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a phosphazene compound and perfluorohexanone.
Among them, phosphazene compounds are known in the art, and for example, the phosphazene compounds include compounds having a structure shown in formula 1:
formula 1:
wherein R is1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6Each independently selected from fluorine atom, phenoxy group containing fluorine or not containing fluorine, alkoxy group containing fluorine or not containing fluorine and having 1-3 carbon atoms, and R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6May be the same or different.
Preferably, the phosphazene compound is selected from one or more of perfluorocyclotriphosphazene, methoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, ethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, n-propoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, isopropoxypentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, phenoxy (pentafluoro) cyclotriphosphazene, pentafluoroethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, trifluoromethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, trifluoroethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, and bis (trifluoromethoxy) tetrafluorocyclotriphosphazene.
When the volume of the substituent on the phosphazene compound increases as the number of carbon atoms of the substituent increases, the viscosity and boiling point of the phosphazene compound increase, which adversely affects the conductivity of the electrolyte and deteriorates the flame retardant effect due to the decrease in volatility. Preferred substituents R for the phosphazene compounds mentioned above1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6Is a fluorine atom or a group of not more than 6 carbon atoms, such as ethoxy-substituted ethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene.
The flame retardant effect of the phosphazene compound in the electrolyte is related to the dosage and the volatility of the solvent. When the volatility (or vapor pressure) of the phosphazene compound is higher than that of the solvent, a high-concentration flame-retardant air mass is easily formed, and a better flame-retardant effect is favorably realized. However, the volatility of phosphazene compounds, particularly cyclic phosphazene compounds, is still not satisfactory due to their own structure. Therefore, there is still a need for improvement of flame retardant effect in the electrolyte, and too low amount of phosphazene compound is insufficient for improvement of flame retardant effect, and in general, it is difficult to observe the effect of phosphazene compound on improvement of flame retardant effect of the electrolyte below 1%. Accordingly, the amount thereof is in the range of 1% to 20%, preferably 5 to 15%. However, too high a content of the phosphazene compound brings disadvantages of solubility in lithium salt, too high cost, and the like.
The present inventors have found a novel additive, perfluorohexanone (i.e., perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone). Experiments prove that the electrolyte simultaneously uses the perfluorohexanone and the phosphazene compound, so that the volatility problem of the phosphazene compound can be effectively improved, the formation of flame retardant gas clusters is promoted, the flame retardant capability is improved, and the addition amount of the phosphazene compound can be reduced. Meanwhile, the infiltration of the electrolyte and the positive and negative pole pieces and the electrolyte and the diaphragm can be improved, and the capacity and the cycle performance can be improved. The principle is supposed to be related to that the adsorption of the perfluorohexanone on the surface of the positive electrode or the negative electrode inhibits the decomposition of the electrolyte on the surface of the electrode.
In the lithium ion battery electrolyte provided by the invention, the content range of the perfluorohexanone is 0.5-6%, when the content is below 0.5%, the concentration is low, the perfluorohexanone contributes little in the formation of flame-retardant gas masses, the steam partial pressure is low, and the improvement effect on the flame-retardant property of the electrolyte is not obvious; when the amount exceeds 6%, perfluorohexanone may not be completely dissolved, and delamination and turbidity may occur in the electrolyte solution, resulting in poor capacity or cycle performance. The preferred range of content is 1% to 3%. Within the range, the perfluorohexanone has good dissolution stability and can achieve the effects of improving the flame retardant effect, improving the infiltration capacity of the electrolyte and improving the cycle capacity of the battery.
In order to improve the comprehensive performance of the electrolyte, the lithium ion battery electrolyte provided by the invention also comprises one or more of vinylene carbonate, 1, 3-propane sultone, vinyl sulfate and lithium difluorophosphate. The various additives can be selectively added according to actual conditions, and the content of the vinylene carbonate in the electrolyte is 0-3 percent, preferably 0.1-3 percent, based on the total weight of the electrolyte. The content of the 1, 3-propane sultone is 0 to 3 percent, and preferably 0.1 to 3 percent. The content of the vinyl sulfate is 0% -3%, and preferably 0.1% -3%. The content of the lithium difluorophosphate is 0 to 3 percent, and preferably 0.1 to 3 percent.
In the present invention, the organic solvent may be any one of a chain carbonate and a cyclic carbonate, and preferably, the organic solvent includes one or more of the chain carbonate and the cyclic carbonate.
The chain carbonate is selected from one or more of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and methyl propyl carbonate.
The cyclic carbonate is selected from one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate.
In order to ensure better flame retardant effect, solvents with lower vapor pressure are preferred, cyclic carbonate has low vapor pressure and is beneficial to flame retardant of electrolyte, and ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate are all preferred. Among the chain carbonates, diethyl carbonate is preferable. Based on the total weight of the electrolyte, the content of a single solvent is adjustable within the range of 5-50 percent, and the content of different solvents can be the same or different.
The lithium salt is selected from one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium bis-oxalate borate, lithium bis-fluorosulfonylimide and lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide; in the electrolyte, the concentration of the lithium salt is 0.5M-2.5M, preferably 0.8M-1.5M, based on the total weight of the electrolyte. Most commonly used is 1.0-1.3M lithium hexafluorophosphate. Of course, the salts can also be used as auxiliary lithium salts, corresponding in nature to the additives, in amounts ranging from 0.1 to 5%, more generally from 0.5 to 3%. The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples.
TABLE 1
Example 1
In a nitrogen-protected glove box (moisture)<1ppm, oxygen content<1ppm), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), Ethylene Carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and the like were mixed in the mass ratio specified in table 1, and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF) was added in an amount of 12.5% by mass6) Then adding other additives and flame retardant additives with the varieties and contents specified in the table 1, and uniformly stirring to obtain the flame retardant coatingThe lithium ion battery electrolyte of example 1.
Examples 2 to 5
The components of the examples specified in table 1 were mixed under the same conditions as in example 1 to obtain lithium ion battery electrolytes of examples 2 to 5, respectively.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
Under the same conditions as in example 1, the components in each proportion specified in table 1 were mixed to obtain the electrolytes for lithium ion batteries in comparative examples 1 to 3, respectively.
Test item 1: solubility test
50mL of the electrolyte solutions of the lithium batteries prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were respectively put into a turbidity colorimetric tube, the turbidity of the respective electrolyte solutions and whether or not the electrolyte solutions delaminate after standing were observed, and the compatibility between the solvents in the electrolyte solutions was judged according to the turbidity and the delamination.
The test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The data in table 2 show that the turbidity of the electrolytes of examples 1 to 3 is smaller than that of comparative example 1, and the turbidity of the electrolyte is gradually reduced with the increase of the content of the added ethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, and the layering phenomenon between solvents is gradually not obvious after the electrolyte is left for a long time, which further shows that the phosphazene additive can promote the solubility of the perfluorohexanone in the carbonate solvent, so that the perfluorohexanone is dissolved in the electrolyte more uniformly. Although 6% perfluorohexanone was added to the electrolyte, most of it was not actually dissolved in the electrolyte.
Test item 2: test for flame retardancy
The electrolytes for lithium batteries prepared in example 4, example 5 and comparative example 2 were each prepared by taking 50mL of each electrolyte and placing it in a watch glass, and then igniting the corresponding electrolyte with an open flame. The flame retardance of the electrolyte is judged according to whether the electrolyte can be ignited by open fire or not.
The test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
The electrolytes of examples 4 and 5 cannot be ignited by open fire, while the electrolyte of comparative example 2 can be ignited (although 5% of perfluorohexanone is added in comparative example 2, the fact that the amount of perfluorohexanone dissolved in the electrolyte is very small, the flame retardant property of the electrolyte is poor, and therefore, the electrolyte can be ignited) shows that the flame retardant property of examples 4 and 5 is superior to that of comparative example 2, which proves that the phosphazene-containing additive can make up the shortage of the flame retardant property of perfluorohexanone and further improve the flame retardant property of the electrolyte when the phosphazene-containing additive is mixed with perfluorohexanone.
Battery performance testing
The lithium battery electrolyte prepared in comparative example 3 and the lithium ion battery electrolytes prepared in examples 4 to 5 were respectively injected with LiNi as the positive electrode0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2And (3) testing the battery in a soft package battery which is made of a ternary material and has an artificial graphite negative electrode, wherein the rated capacity of the battery is 1000 mAh.
Test item 3: test of ordinary temperature cycle Performance
The cell was placed in a constant temperature oven at a constant temperature of 25C, charged to 4.4V with a constant current of 1C and a constant voltage, and cut off at a current of 0.03C, and then discharged to 3.0V with a constant current of 1C. The discharge capacity at week 1 and the discharge capacity at week 300 were recorded after the cycle for 300 weeks, and the capacity retention rate was calculated as follows.
Capacity retention (%) was (300 th cycle discharge capacity/1 st cycle discharge capacity) × 100%
The test results are shown in table 4.
Test item 4: high temperature cycle performance test
The test conditions were the same as those in test item 3 except that the temperature of the incubator was 45 ℃. The test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, Ni-Co-Mn-NixCoyMn(1-x-y)In the lithium ion battery in which the ternary material is used as the positive electrode and the graphite is used as the negative electrode, when the lithium ion battery prepared from the lithium ion battery electrolyte in the embodiments 4 to 5 is cycled under normal temperature (25 ℃), the capacity fading speed is obviously slowed down, the capacity retention rate of the battery is obviously improved and is obviously superior to that of the comparative example 3, and the cycle performance is obviously superior to that of the phosphazene compound additive when the phosphazene compound and the perfluorohexanone are mixed for use, and the capacity retention rate of the battery is obviously improved.
As can be seen from the test data: after high temperature (45 ℃) cycling, the capacity retention rate of the battery is higher than that of the battery in normal temperature cycling data in comparative example and example, which is probably related to that the conductivity of the electrolyte is increased when the temperature is increased, the wetting capacity is improved, and the cycling performance is improved. The capacity retention rates of the example 4 and the example 5 are still higher than that of the comparative example 3, and further shows that the synergistic use of the phosphazene compound and the perfluorohexanone is beneficial to further improving the high-temperature cycle performance of the battery.
Test item 5: high temperature storage test
The fully charged lithium ion batteries of example 4, example 5 and comparative example 3 were placed in an oven at 60 ℃ for storage for 72h and the batteries were tested for capacity, internal resistance and thickness variation.
The test results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
| Capacity protectionRetention rate | Rate of increase of thickness | Rate of increase of internal resistance | |
| Example 4 | 97.4％ | 0.09％ | 24％ |
| Example 5 | 95.9％ | 0.24％ | 26％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 93.7％ | 0.4％ | 32％ |
As can be seen from the data in table 5, after high-temperature storage at 60 ℃ for 72 hours, the lithium ion batteries prepared using the electrolytes of examples 4 and 5 had better capacity retention than comparative example 3 and lower thickness increase rate and internal resistance increase rate than comparative example 3. This further indicates that the synergistic use of the phosphazene compound with perfluorohexanone is advantageous for the storage performance of the battery capacity.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The lithium ion battery electrolyte is characterized by comprising a lithium salt, an organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a phosphazene compound and perfluorohexanone;
dissolving the perfluorohexanone in the lithium ion battery electrolyte; in the electrolyte, the content of the phosphazene compound is 5-15% by taking the total weight of the electrolyte as a reference; the content of the perfluorohexanone is 1% -6%;
the phosphazene compound comprises a compound having a structure shown in formula 1:
formula 1:
wherein R is1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6Each independently selected from fluorine atom, phenoxy group containing fluorine or not containing fluorine, alkoxy group containing fluorine or not containing fluorine and having 1-3 carbon atoms, and R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6May be the same or different;
the organic solvent comprises one or more of chain carbonate and cyclic carbonate;
the chain carbonate is selected from one or more of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and methyl propyl carbonate;
the cyclic carbonate is selected from one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate.
2. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the phosphazene compound is selected from one or more of perfluorocyclotriphosphazene, methoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, ethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, n-propoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, isopropoxypentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, phenoxy (pentafluoro) cyclotriphosphazene, pentafluoroethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, trifluoromethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, trifluoroethoxy pentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, bis (trifluoromethoxy) tetrafluorocyclotriphosphazene.
3. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1 or 2, wherein the additive further comprises one or more of vinylene carbonate, 1, 3-propane sultone, vinyl sulfate, lithium difluorophosphate.
4. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 3, wherein the content of the vinylene carbonate in the electrolyte is 0-3% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte; the content of the 1, 3-propane sultone is 0 to 3 percent; the content of the vinyl sulfate is 0-3%; the content of the lithium difluorophosphate is 0-3%.
5. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the lithium salt is selected from one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, lithium bis-oxalato borate, lithium bis-fluorosulfonylimide, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide; in the electrolyte, the concentration of the lithium salt is 0.5M-2.5M based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
6. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the lithium salt is selected from one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, lithium bis-oxalato borate, lithium bis-fluorosulfonylimide, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide; in the electrolyte, the concentration of the lithium salt is 0.8M-1.5M based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
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| CN108539269B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2020-02-18 | 南通新宙邦电子材料有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte |
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| CN113540564A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-22 | 安徽盟维新能源科技有限公司 | Electrolyte for lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery |
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| CN113839087A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-24 | 浙江蓝天环保高科技股份有限公司 | Method for improving high and low temperature performance of lithium ion battery and electrolyte thereof |
| CN112713302B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-08-19 | 蜂巢能源科技(无锡)有限公司 | Flame-retardant polymer gel electrolyte composition, gel electrolyte, and preparation method and application of gel electrolyte |
| CN113299994A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-24 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Modified electrolyte, preparation method thereof and battery |
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| US8815453B1 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2014-08-26 | Quallion Llc | Flame retardant battery |
| US8227103B2 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2012-07-24 | Quallion Llc | Battery pack having batteries in a porous medium |
| CN102516307B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2015-04-15 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | Phosphazene flame retardant and preparation method thereof, as well as lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN108539269B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2020-02-18 | 南通新宙邦电子材料有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN108923066B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-08-18 | 南通新宙邦电子材料有限公司 | Flame-retardant electrolyte for lithium ion battery |
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| CN108539269A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
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