CN108535014B - Virtual synchronous sampling and fault analysis method and device for shaft to be measured - Google Patents
Virtual synchronous sampling and fault analysis method and device for shaft to be measured Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a virtual synchronous sampling and fault analysis method and device for a shaft to be tested. The virtual synchronous sampling method comprises the following steps: acquiring an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft in the multistage gearbox, an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multistage gearbox and a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured; determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft relative angle of the shaft to be measured and the time according to the first functional relation; determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation; and sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured. The technical effect that the shaft to be measured can be synchronously sampled when the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured can not be directly measured is achieved, and the obtained shaft period synchronous waveform can be synchronously analyzed to extract the damage information of the gear or the bearing related to the shaft to be measured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of synchronous sampling and fault analysis of shafts of multistage gearboxes, in particular to a virtual synchronous sampling, synchronous analysis and fault analysis method and device of a shaft to be tested.
Background
One of the effective methods for fault diagnosis of rotating machines is synchronous analysis, which presupposes synchronous sampling with respect to the shaft period. Conventional data acquisition is at equal time intervals. The physical signal on the sensor, after being digitized under the control of the clock, can be subjected to a series of analyses, such as spectral analysis, etc.
However, the problem is that when the shaft rotational speed is not constant, the components in the frequency domain related to the rotational speed, such as the shaft speed and the gear mesh frequency response, can be dispersed and no longer clear.
In order to solve the problem, a method for sampling the shaft equal circumferential angle is adopted, the number of sampling points obtained by one rotation is certain no matter the speed of the shaft is high or low, and through the technical scheme, signals related to the shaft speed of the shaft, such as the shaft speed of the shaft and the meshing frequency response of gears, are kept clear and not dispersed on a frequency spectrum.
In the sampling of the equal circumferential angle, the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured needs to be measured at any time, which can be measured by a method of installing a shaft speed meter by a user in a simple shaft system, however, in a more complex shaft system, such as a gear box of a fan, the shaft speed of each shaft is not measurable, and generally only the shaft speed of an input shaft or an output shaft can be measured, so that the synchronous sampling and synchronous analysis of the vibration signals of the multistage gear box cannot be performed by adopting the sampling method of the equal circumferential angle.
In summary, there is always a technical problem in the prior art that synchronous sampling or fault analysis must be performed on a shaft to be measured by measuring the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured of a multi-stage gearbox.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides virtual synchronous sampling and a device thereof, and a fault analysis method and a device thereof for a shaft to be measured, so as to solve the technical problem that the shaft to be measured can be synchronously sampled or subjected to fault analysis by measuring the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured.
According to the embodiment of the application, a virtual synchronous sampling method of a shaft to be measured is applied to a multi-stage gearbox, wherein the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft of a multistage gear box, an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multistage gear box and a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft contra-rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time according to the first functional relation;
determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
and sampling the isochronous discrete vibration signals according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain an axis period synchronous waveform of the axis to be measured.
Preferably, the acquiring an isochronous discrete-time waveform of a vibration signal of a multistage gearbox specifically includes:
acquiring a vibration signal of the multistage gearbox through a vibration sensor on the multistage gearbox;
and performing isochronous discrete processing on the vibration signal to acquire an isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal.
Preferably, the determining the synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relationship includes:
determining a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
determining a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
and determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation and the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period.
Preferably, the determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relationship and the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period includes:
inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is equal;
and the preset number of synchronous sampling points form a synchronous sampling clock of the vibration signal of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period.
According to the embodiment of the application, the fault analysis method of the shaft to be measured is applied to a multi-stage gearbox, wherein the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining isochronous discrete shaft speed signals of an input shaft/output shaft of a multi-stage gearbox and the motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft contra-rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time according to the first functional relation;
determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain an axis period synchronous waveform of the axis to be measured;
and synchronously analyzing the shaft periodic synchronous waveform, and extracting gear damage information or bearing damage information related to the shaft to be detected.
According to the virtual synchronous sampling device of the axle that awaits measuring that this application embodiment mentioned, set up in multistage gear box, the axle of awaiting measuring is one of them of a plurality of axles in the multistage gear box, wherein, the device includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring isochronous discrete shaft speed signals of an input shaft/output shaft of the multistage gearbox and acquiring the motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
the shaft relative rotation angle determining module is used for determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft relative rotation angle and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the first functional relation;
the synchronous sampling clock determining module is used for determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
and the synchronous sampling module is used for sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured.
Preferably, the acquiring module acquires an isochronous discrete-time waveform of a vibration signal of the multi-stage gearbox, and specifically includes:
acquiring the vibration signal through a vibration sensor;
and performing isochronous discrete processing on the acquired vibration signal to acquire an isochronous discrete-time waveform of the vibration signal.
Preferably, the synchronous sampling clock determination module includes:
the relative rotation period determining submodule determines a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
the whole relative rotation period determining submodule determines a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
and the synchronous sampling clock determining submodule determines the synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation and the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period.
Preferably, the synchronous sampling clock determination submodule is further configured to:
inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is equal;
and the preset number of synchronous sampling points form a synchronous sampling clock of the vibration signal of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period.
According to the embodiment of the application, a fault analysis device for a shaft to be measured is arranged on a multi-stage gearbox, wherein the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and the device comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring isochronous discrete shaft speed signals of input shafts/output shafts of the multistage gear boxes, isochronous discrete time waveforms of vibration signals of the multistage gear boxes and acquiring the motion relation between the input shafts/output shafts and the shaft to be measured;
the shaft relative rotation angle determining module is used for determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft relative rotation angle and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the first functional relation;
the synchronous sampling clock determining module is used for determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
the synchronous sampling module is used for sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured;
and the fault analysis module is used for carrying out synchronous analysis on the shaft period synchronous waveform and extracting gear damage information or bearing damage information related to the shaft to be detected.
The embodiment of the application adopts at least one technical scheme which can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the virtual synchronous sampling method and the device thereof, and the fault analysis method and the device thereof provided by the embodiment of the application can obtain the first functional relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured only by knowing the shaft speed of the input shaft or the output shaft of the multistage gear box and combining the motion relation between the shaft to be measured and the input shaft/the output shaft, determining a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time according to the first functional relation, determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation, the synchronous sampling clock is used for sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal to obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured, the technical effect that the shaft to be measured can be synchronously sampled only by obtaining the shaft speed signal of the input shaft or the output shaft of the multistage gear box is achieved, and the technical problem that the shaft to be measured cannot be synchronously sampled when the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured of the multistage gear box cannot be directly measured is effectively solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of equal time interval sampling and equal circumferential angle sampling;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for virtual synchronous sampling of a shaft under test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 3 a-3 e are schematic diagrams illustrating a process of synchronously sampling a vibration signal in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for analyzing a failure of a shaft to be measured according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 5a-5d are schematic diagrams of a fault analysis method in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a virtual synchronous sampling device of a shaft to be measured according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a failure analysis device for a shaft to be measured in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a principle of equal time interval sampling and equal circumference angle sampling is shown, wherein in a waveform diagram of equal time interval sampling and a waveform diagram of equal circumference angle sampling, dots on a sampling waveform represent sampling points, as can be seen from fig. 1, in a waveform of equal time interval sampling, after a physical axis speed signal of an axis is digitized, a series of analyses can be performed, however, since the axis speed is changed, the number of sampling points acquired in equal time interval by adopting a sampling method of equal time interval acquisition is changed, and a frequency signal obtained based on FFT (Fast Fourier transform) is blurred. In the case of the isocircumferential angle sampling, the number of sampling points obtained by rotating for a whole relative rotation period (for example, the radian of rotation is 2 pi) is not changed no matter how fast the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured is, referring to the oscillogram of the isocircumferential angle sampling in fig. 1, the trigger signal passes through the frequency multiplier to form the synchronous sampling clock, and the trigger signal and the synchronous sampling clock are both subjected to analog-to-digital conversion to be converted into the trigger signal in the form of a digital signal and the synchronous sampling clock in the form of a digital signal. And forming an isocircumferential angle sampling waveform according to the trigger signal in the form of the digital signal and the synchronous sampling clock in the form of the digital signal. In the isocycloid sampling waveform diagram, the horizontal axis represents the relative rotation period, and the dots on the waveform diagram represent sampling points. The obtained signals (such as order signals) synchronous with the shaft speed keep clear without dispersion phenomenon after the equal circumferential angle sampling oscillogram is subjected to FFT (fast Fourier transform).
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a virtual synchronous sampling method of a shaft to be measured, which is applied to a multi-stage gearbox, wherein the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and as shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following steps:
step S201, acquiring an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft of a multistage gear box, an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multistage gear box and a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
in a multi-stage gearbox, often only the input and output shafts are outside the gearbox, and therefore the shaft speed signal of either the input or output shaft is measurable. After the shaft speed signal of the input shaft or the output shaft of the multistage gearbox is acquired through measurement, the acquired shaft speed signal of the input shaft/the output shaft is subjected to isochronous dispersion so as to be converted into a digital signal. The shaft to be measured is one of the shafts in the multi-stage gear box, and the shafts (including the shaft to be measured) in the multi-stage gear box and the input shaft/the output shaft have certain motion relation. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, after the isochronous discrete shaft speed signals of the input shaft/output shaft are acquired, the shaft speed signal of the shaft to be measured is determined by combining the motion relationship between the shaft to be measured and the input shaft/output shaft.
The kinematic relationship between the shaft to be measured and the input/output shafts varies according to the type of gearbox and also according to the relative position of the shaft to be measured and the input/output shafts, for example in a gearbox consisting of one planetary gear and two parallel gears, the following kinematic relationships apply:
fm＝NG×pG＝NL×pL；
wherein f ismIs the gear mesh frequency; p is a radical ofGIs the shaft speed of the input/output shaft; n is a radical ofGThe number of teeth of the input shaft/output shaft; p is a radical ofLThe shaft speed of the shaft to be measured; n is a radical ofLThe number of teeth of the shaft to be measured.
It is pointed out that the kinematic relationship is merely an illustration of a kinematic relationship and is not a limitation of the present application on the kinematic relationship between the shaft to be measured and the input/output shafts, and that different types of gearboxes or different relative positions of the input/output shafts and the shaft to be measured result in different kinematic relationships, which are also embodiments of the present application.
Step S203, determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft contra-rotation angle and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the first functional relation;
after the shaft speed signals of the input shaft/the output shaft after the isochronous dispersion are obtained, the shaft speed signals of the shaft to be measured can be determined by combining the obtained motion relation of the shaft to be measured and the input shaft/the output shaft. The obtained shaft speed signals of the input shaft/the output shaft are in a function relation of the shaft speed and the time, so that the first function relation of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and the time can be obtained according to the obtained shaft speed signals of the input shaft/the output shaft and the motion relation of the input shaft/the output shaft and the shaft to be measured.
The technical scheme of equal circumferential angle sampling is preferentially adopted in the method, so that signals related to the shaft speed are prevented from being dispersed on a spectrogram, and the signals are kept clear. The time-interval sampling is converted into the circumferential angular sampling by converting a first functional relationship of the shaft speed and the time into a second functional relationship of the shaft to be measured and the relative rotation angle and the time.
In one embodiment, the first function relationship of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and the time can be converted into the second function relationship of the shaft rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and the time through an integration method. The specific integration method is not limited herein, and a common integration method, such as a rectangular rule or a trapezoidal rule, may be adopted; other integration methods may also be employed.
Step S205, determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
the second functional relation represents the relation between the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time, a synchronous sampling clock is determined according to the second functional relation, and firstly, synchronous sampling points of the shaft to be measured in a whole relative rotation period are determined; based on the principle that the relative rotation angles of the shafts to be measured between two adjacent synchronous sampling points are the same or different within a preset range, a preset number of synchronous sampling points are inserted into a preset whole relative rotation period, and the synchronous sampling points in one whole period form a synchronous sampling clock for obtaining the vibration signal of the shafts to be measured in the whole relative rotation period.
Step S207, sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock, and acquiring the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured.
The vibration signal is a vibration signal of the multistage gear box and comprises a vibration signal of any shaft in the multistage gear box, a vibration signal of the multistage gear box and a vibration signal of a bearing of the shaft in the multistage gear box, and the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be detected can be obtained by sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal through the determined synchronous sampling clock.
The virtual synchronous sampling method for the shaft to be measured provided by the embodiment of the application only needs to obtain a shaft speed signal of an input shaft or an output shaft of a multi-stage gearbox, determines a first function relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the motion relation between the shaft to be measured and the input shaft or the output shaft, determines a second function relation between the shaft relative angle and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the first function relation, further inserts a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period and forms a synchronous sampling clock, and samples an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multi-stage gearbox according to the formed synchronous sampling clock to form a shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured.
In one embodiment, the acquiring isochronous discrete-time waveforms of vibration signals of a multi-stage gearbox specifically includes:
1) acquiring a vibration signal of the multistage gearbox through a vibration sensor on the multistage gearbox; the sensor may be a displacement sensor, a velocity sensor or an acceleration sensor.
2) And performing isochronous discrete processing on the vibration signal of the multistage gearbox to obtain an isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal.
In one embodiment, the determining the synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relationship in step S203 includes:
1) determining a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
the third functional relation is the functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time, the second functional relation is the functional relation between the shaft relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time, and the shaft relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured rotating for one circle is 2 pi; it is proposed that in the present application the shaft preferably adopts an angle in radians with respect to the angle of rotation. Thus, the expression to the right of the equation for the second functional relationship is divided by 2 π to obtain an expression for a third functional relationship of relative rotation period with time.
2) Determining a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
the third functional relationship is a functional relationship between the relative rotation period and time, and the method for determining the time point corresponding to the whole period comprises the following steps:
and assigning the expression of the third functional relationship, wherein the assigned value is a positive integer, such as 1, 2, … …, n, and the time t in the third functional relationship corresponding to the assigned positive integer value is the time point corresponding to the whole period of the rotation assignment.
A time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period can be a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period when the rotation is completed; since the mechanical rotation is continuous rotation, a time point corresponding to the completion of the rotation of the present relative rotation period may also be taken as a time point at which the next relative rotation period adjacent to the present relative rotation period starts.
3) And determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation and the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period.
And inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a period between time points corresponding to two adjacent whole relative rotation periods, wherein the inserting principle of the preset number of synchronous sampling points is that the relative rotation angles of the shafts to be measured between the two adjacent synchronous sampling points are equal or the difference value of the relative rotation angles of the shafts is within a preset range.
In one embodiment, in step 3) of step S203, the method specifically includes:
(1) and inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset period, wherein the preset period is a certain preset relative rotation period. The relative rotation angles of the shaft to be measured rotating between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points are equal or the difference value is within a preset range; the specific method can be as follows:
if 10 synchronous sampling points are inserted in the preset whole relative rotation period, the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured rotating between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is 0.2 pi; for example, the deviation of the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between two adjacent synchronous sampling points in 10 synchronous sampling points is not greater than δ, and the preset range is [ 0.2 pi- δ, 0.2 pi + δ ]. If δ is 0.001 π, the predetermined range is [ 0.199 π, 0.201 π ].
If the shaft speed of the preset whole relative rotation period is not changed or the change amplitude is in the preset range, inserting the preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period is equal to inserting the preset number of synchronous sampling points at equal time intervals in the preset whole relative rotation period. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the starting time of the preset whole relative rotation period is t1And the predetermined time end point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period is t2If the predetermined number of the synchronized sampling points inserted in the predetermined whole relative rotation period is N, the time interval between two adjacent synchronized sampling points is Δ t ═ t (t)2-t1) and/N, the corresponding time point of the nth synchronous sampling point is as follows: (t)1+n×Δt),n＝1,2,…,N。
If the speed variation amplitude of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period is not in the preset range, namely, the preset number of sampling points are inserted in an equal time interval mode, the shaft relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured rotating between two adjacent synchronous sampling points cannot be guaranteed to be in the preset range, and the shaft speeds of the shaft to be measured in the front whole relative rotation period and the rear whole relative rotation period of the preset whole relative rotation period are considered when the synchronous sampling points are determined. In order to better consider the axle speed of the front and the back two whole relative rotation periods, herein, the average axle speed between the last two synchronous sampling points of the front whole relative rotation period and the average axle speed between the first two synchronous sampling points of the back whole relative rotation period are considered, in one embodiment, the determination method of the synchronous sampling points may be:
let Δ t1＝1/(f0×N),Δt2＝1/(f1X N); wherein f is0Is the average shaft speed, f, of the shaft to be measured between the last two synchronous sampling points of the first whole relative rotation period of the predetermined whole relative rotation period1The average shaft speed of the shaft to be measured between the first synchronous sampling point and the second synchronous sampling point of the shaft to be measured in the later whole preset whole relative rotation period, and N is the number of the inserted synchronous sampling points.
By applying a value of Δ t1And Δ t2Linear operation is performed to obtain Δ t and Δ t1And, Δ t2The relationship between the two is as follows:
Δt＝[(Δt2-Δt1)/N]×n+Δt1；
the time point of the nth synchronous sampling point is:
wherein, t0Is the point in time corresponding to the start of the predetermined full relative rotation period (equivalent to the point in time corresponding to the previous full relative rotation period of the predetermined full relative rotation period).
(2) And the preset number of synchronous sampling points form a synchronous sampling clock of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period.
And according to the obtained isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal, sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal again by adopting a synchronous sampling clock formed according to a preset number of synchronous sampling points, and obtaining an axis period synchronous waveform of the axis to be measured.
As follows, a specific example is illustrated:
fig. 3a shows a schematic diagram of an analog signal of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured acquired by the acquisition module, in fig. 3a, the horizontal axis represents time in seconds(s), and the vertical axis represents the shaft speed in radians per second. And the vibration signal of the multi-stage gearbox is obtained as shown in figure 3 b; in fig. 3b, the horizontal axis represents time in seconds(s) and the vertical axis represents vibration frequency in hertz (hz). For ease of illustration, only vibrations caused by dynamic imbalance are considered herein, with the shaft speed signal and the vibration signal both being discrete at 5000 hertz isochrones.
For synchronous sampling, the first functional relationship between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured is integrated to obtain a second functional relationship between the shaft relative rotation angle and the time of the shaft to be measured, and the waveform of the second functional relationship is shown in fig. 3 c; in fig. 3c, the vertical axis represents the relative rotation of the shaft in radians; the horizontal axis represents time in seconds(s). Dividing the expression on the right side of the second function relation by 2 pi to obtain an expression of the relation between the relative rotation period of the axis to be measured and the time, and simultaneously determining the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period, as shown in fig. 3 d; in fig. 3d, the horizontal axis represents time in seconds(s) and the vertical axis represents the whole relative rotation period of the axis to be measured in units of units; inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period to form a synchronous sampling clock, and synchronously sampling the time waveform of the isochronous discrete vibration signal of the shaft to be measured according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain a shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured, which is shown in fig. 3 e; in fig. 3e, the horizontal axis represents the shaft relative rotation period and the vertical axis represents the vibration signal.
According to the virtual synchronous sampling method of the shaft, the synchronous sampling clock is determined according to the shaft relative rotating angle of the shaft to be measured, and the technical effect that the frequency spectrum of the sampled vibration signal is still clear when the shaft speed changes is achieved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for analyzing a fault of a shaft to be measured, which specifically includes:
step S401, acquiring an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft of a multi-stage gearbox, an isochronous discrete time waveform of the multi-stage gearbox and a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
step S403, determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft relative rotating angle and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the first functional relation;
step S405, determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
step S407, sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock, and acquiring a shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured;
and step S409, synchronously analyzing the shaft period synchronous waveform, and extracting gear damage information or bearing damage information related to the shaft to be detected.
And acquiring a signal synchronous with the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured from the acquired shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured, wherein the signal can be but is not limited to a high-order harmonic signal or a gear meshing frequency signal, processing the signal synchronous with the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured by adopting a synchronous analysis method, and analyzing the fault of the shaft to be measured or the fault of a bearing on the shaft to be measured. The synchronous analysis comprises synchronous average and order spectrum analysis, the faults of the gear can be extracted through the synchronous average, and the bearing damage is extracted through the order spectrum analysis. The specific method comprises the following steps:
in the multi-stage gearbox, the vibration signal is shared, that is, the vibration signal is resampled by adopting the synchronous sampling period of the shaft to be measured, so as to obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured, the fault of the shaft or the bearing on the shaft is analyzed according to the obtained shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured, and the following specific embodiment is listed for explanation:
referring to FIGS. 5a-5d, a specific process for detecting a fault in a three-stage gearbox of a wind turbine generator is shown. The first stage of the three stage gearbox is a planetary gear, and the second and third stages are parallel gears. Thirdly, taking the shaft speed signal of the output shaft as an example, performing isochronous dispersion on the shaft speed signal of the output shaft, wherein the shaft speed waveform of the output shaft is shown in fig. 5 a; and recording vibration signals of the output shaft, such as acceleration signals (acquired by an acceleration sensor), while acquiring the pulse signals of the input shaft once per cycle, so as to perform subsequent fault analysis. In the present embodiment, the waveform of the acceleration signal is shown in fig. 5 b. As an alternative embodiment, the waveform diagram of the shaft speed signal and the waveform diagram of the acceleration signal in the initial first second of the output shaft are taken as an example for explanation:
and according to the obtained shaft speed signal of the output shaft, combining the motion relation of the input shaft and the shaft to be measured to obtain a first function relation between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time.
And performing integral operation on the first functional relation to obtain a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft relative angle of the shaft to be measured and time, determining a synchronous sampling clock of the shaft to be measured according to the second functional relation, and sampling a vibration signal of the gear box according to the determined synchronous sampling clock to obtain a shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured.
After 30 times of synchronous averaging is performed on the axis periodic synchronous waveform of the axis to be measured, the synchronous average waveform shown in fig. 5c is obtained. From fig. 5c, it can be seen that the impact response characteristic of the shaft to be measured once per cycle is obtained, and the local damage phenomenon of the gear of the shaft to be measured is analyzed according to the impact response characteristic; the waveform of the output shaft was averaged 30 times synchronously, and the result is shown in fig. 5 d. The shaft speed of the shaft to be measured is not synchronized with the shaft speed of the output shaft, so that the impulse response of the local damage of the gear of the shaft to be measured disappears after the synchronous averaging of the output shaft, leaving only the vibration signal synchronized with the output shaft, see in particular the waveform diagram of fig. 5d after 30 times synchronous averaging of the waveform of the output shaft.
It can be seen that steps S301 to S307 in this embodiment are similar to steps S201 to S207 in embodiment 1, and are not repeated herein.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a virtual synchronous sampling apparatus for a shaft to be measured, which is applied to a multi-stage gearbox, where the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and the apparatus includes an obtaining module 601, a shaft-to-shaft angle-of-rotation determining module 603, a synchronous sampling clock determining module 605, and a synchronous sampling module 607. Wherein:
the acquisition module 601 is used for acquiring an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft of the multistage gearbox, an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multistage gearbox and a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
the shaft relative rotation angle determining module 603 is configured to determine a first functional relationship between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relationship, and determine a second functional relationship between the shaft relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time according to the first functional relationship;
the synchronous sampling clock determining module 605 is configured to determine a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relationship;
the synchronous sampling module 607 is configured to sample the isochronous discrete-time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock, and obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured.
In one embodiment, the acquiring module 601 acquires an isochronous discrete-time waveform of a vibration signal of the multi-stage gearbox, specifically including: acquiring a vibration signal of the multistage gearbox through a vibration sensor; and performing isochronous discrete processing on the acquired vibration signal to acquire an isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal.
In one embodiment, the synchronous sampling clock determination module 605 includes a relative rotation period determination sub-module, a full relative rotation period determination sub-module, and a synchronous sampling clock determination sub-module. Wherein:
the relative rotation period determining submodule determines a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
the whole relative rotation period determining submodule determines a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
and the synchronous sampling clock determining submodule determines the synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation and the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period.
In one embodiment, the synchronous sampling clock determination submodule is further configured to:
inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is equal;
and the preset number of synchronous sampling points form a synchronous sampling clock of the vibration signal of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a fault analysis apparatus for a shaft to be measured, which is applied to a multi-stage gearbox, where the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and the apparatus includes an obtaining module 701, a shaft-to-shaft rotation angle determining module 703, a synchronous sampling clock determining module 705, a synchronous sampling module 707, and a fault analysis module 709. Wherein:
the acquisition module 701 is used for acquiring an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft of the multistage gearbox, an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multistage gearbox and acquiring a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
the shaft relative rotation angle determining module 703 is configured to determine a first functional relationship between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relationship, and determine a second functional relationship between the shaft relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time according to the first functional relationship;
the synchronous sampling clock determining module 705 is configured to determine a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relationship;
the synchronous sampling module 707 samples the isochronous discrete-time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock, and obtains an axis period synchronous waveform of the axis to be measured.
The fault analysis module 709 is configured to perform synchronous analysis on the shaft period synchronization waveform, and extract gear damage information or bearing damage information related to the shaft to be detected.
In this embodiment, the obtaining module 701, the axis relative rotation angle determining module 703, the synchronous sampling clock determining module 705, and the synchronous sampling module 707 are similar to the obtaining module 601, the axis relative rotation angle determining module 603, the synchronous sampling clock determining module 605, and the synchronous sampling module 607 in embodiment 3, and are not described herein again.
In summary, according to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application, a first functional relationship between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and the time is determined by obtaining the shaft speed signal of the input shaft/output shaft and the motion relationship between the shaft to be measured and the input shaft/output shaft, a second functional relationship between the shaft relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and the time is obtained by an integration method, and a functional relationship between the relative rotation period and the time and a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period are determined according to the second functional relationship; the synchronous sampling points of the preset number are inserted based on the principle of equal relative rotation angles in the whole relative rotation period, the synchronous acquisition clock formed according to the synchronous sampling points samples the isochronous discrete vibration signals of the shaft to be measured, the technical effect that the shaft to be measured can still be synchronously sampled under the condition that the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured cannot be directly measured is effectively achieved, meanwhile, the fault of the gear on the shaft to be measured or the bearing on the shaft to be measured can be analyzed according to the obtained shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured, and the fault analysis efficiency in the multi-stage gearbox is improved.
It should be noted that the execution subjects of the steps of the method provided in embodiment 1 may be the same apparatus, or different apparatuses may be used as the execution subjects of the method. For example, the executing agent of step 201 and step 203 may be device 1, and the executing agent of step 203 may be device 2; for another example, the executing agent of step 201 may be device 1, and the executing agent of step 203 may be device 2; and so on.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include transitory computer readable media (transmyedia) such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A virtual synchronous sampling method of a shaft to be measured is applied to a multi-stage gearbox, wherein the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft of a multistage gear box, an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multistage gear box and a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft contra-rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time according to the first functional relation;
determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain an axis period synchronous waveform of the axis to be measured;
the determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relationship includes:
determining a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
determining a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is equal;
the synchronous sampling points in the preset number form a synchronous sampling clock of the vibration signal of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period; if the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured is not changed in the preset whole relative rotation period or the variation amplitude is in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, comprising the following steps: inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points at equal time intervals in a preset whole relative rotation period;
if the variation amplitude of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period is not in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
let Δ t1＝1/(f0×N),Δt2＝1/(f1X N) in which f0Is the average shaft speed, f, of the shaft to be measured between the last two synchronous sampling points of the first whole relative rotation period of the predetermined whole relative rotation period1The average shaft speed of the shaft to be measured between a first synchronous sampling point and a second synchronous sampling point of a whole preset rotation period after the whole preset rotation period, wherein N is the number of inserted synchronous sampling points;
for Δ t1And Δ t2Performing linear operation: Δ t ═ [ (Δ t)2-Δt1)/N]×n+Δt1；
The time point of the nth synchronous sampling point is:
wherein, t0Is the corresponding time point when the whole relative rotation period is scheduled to start.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring isochronous discrete vibration signals of a multi-stage gearbox comprises:
acquiring a vibration signal of the multistage gearbox through a vibration sensor on the multistage gearbox;
and performing isochronous discrete processing on the vibration signal of the multistage gearbox to obtain an isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal.
3. A fault analysis method of a shaft to be measured, which is applied to a multi-stage gearbox, wherein the shaft to be measured is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gearbox, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining an isochronous discrete shaft speed signal of an input shaft/output shaft of a multistage gear box, an isochronous discrete time waveform of a vibration signal of the multistage gear box and a motion relation between the input shaft/output shaft and a shaft to be measured;
determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured and time according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft-to-shaft contra-rotation angle of the shaft to be measured and time according to the first functional relation;
determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain an axis period synchronous waveform of the axis to be measured;
synchronously analyzing the shaft period synchronous waveform, and extracting gear damage information or bearing damage information related to the shaft to be detected;
the determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relationship includes:
determining a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
determining a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is equal;
the synchronous sampling points in the preset number form a synchronous sampling clock of the vibration signal of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period;
if the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured is not changed in the preset whole relative rotation period or the variation amplitude is in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, comprising the following steps: inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points at equal time intervals in a preset whole relative rotation period;
if the variation amplitude of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period is not in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
let Δ t1＝1/(f0×N),Δt2＝1/(f1X N) in which f0Is the average shaft speed, f, of the shaft to be measured between the last two synchronous sampling points of the first whole relative rotation period of the predetermined whole relative rotation period1The average shaft speed of the shaft to be measured between a first synchronous sampling point and a second synchronous sampling point of a whole preset rotation period after the whole preset rotation period, wherein N is the number of inserted synchronous sampling points;
for Δ t1And Δ t2Performing linear operation: Δ t ═ [ (Δ t)2-Δt1)/N]×n+Δt1；
The time point of the nth synchronous sampling point is:
wherein, t0Is the corresponding time point when the whole relative rotation period is scheduled to start.
4. The utility model provides a virtual synchronous sampling device of axle that awaits measuring, sets up in multistage gear box, the axle that awaits measuring is one of them of a plurality of axles in the multistage gear box, its characterized in that, the device includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring isochronous discrete shaft speed signals of input shafts/output shafts of the multistage gear boxes, isochronous discrete time waveforms of vibration signals of the multistage gear boxes and acquiring the motion relation between the input shafts/output shafts and the shaft to be measured;
the shaft relative rotation angle determining module is used for determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft relative rotation angle and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the first functional relation;
the synchronous sampling clock determining module is used for determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
the synchronous sampling module is used for sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured;
the synchronous sampling clock determination module includes:
the relative rotation period determining submodule determines a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
the whole relative rotation period determining submodule determines a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
the synchronous sampling clock determining submodule determines a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation and the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period;
the synchronous sampling clock determination submodule is further configured to:
inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is equal;
the synchronous sampling points in the preset number form a synchronous sampling clock of the vibration signal of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period;
if the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured is not changed in the preset whole relative rotation period or the variation amplitude is in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, comprising the following steps: inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points at equal time intervals in a preset whole relative rotation period;
if the variation amplitude of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period is not in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
let Δ t1＝1/(f0×N),Δt2＝1/(f1×N)，Wherein f is0Is the average shaft speed, f, of the shaft to be measured between the last two synchronous sampling points of the first whole relative rotation period of the predetermined whole relative rotation period1The average shaft speed of the shaft to be measured between a first synchronous sampling point and a second synchronous sampling point of a whole preset rotation period after the whole preset rotation period, wherein N is the number of inserted synchronous sampling points;
for Δ t1And Δ t2Performing linear operation: Δ t ═ [ (Δ t)2-Δt1)/N]×n+Δt1；
The time point of the nth synchronous sampling point is:
wherein, t0Is the corresponding time point when the whole relative rotation period is scheduled to start.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the acquisition module acquires an isochronous discrete-time waveform of a vibration signal of a multi-stage gearbox, comprising in particular:
acquiring the vibration signal through a vibration sensor;
and performing isochronous discrete processing on the acquired vibration signal to acquire an isochronous discrete-time waveform of the vibration signal.
6. A fault analysis device of a shaft to be tested is arranged on a multi-stage gear box, the shaft to be tested is one of a plurality of shafts in the multi-stage gear box, and the fault analysis device is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring isochronous discrete shaft speed signals of input shafts/output shafts of the multistage gear boxes, isochronous discrete time waveforms of vibration signals of the multistage gear boxes and acquiring the motion relation between the input shafts/output shafts and the shaft to be measured;
the shaft relative rotation angle determining module is used for determining a first functional relation between the shaft speed and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the shaft speed signal and the motion relation, and determining a second functional relation between the shaft relative rotation angle and the time of the shaft to be measured according to the first functional relation;
the synchronous sampling clock determining module is used for determining a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation;
the synchronous sampling module is used for sampling the isochronous discrete time waveform of the vibration signal according to the synchronous sampling clock to obtain the shaft period synchronous waveform of the shaft to be measured;
the fault analysis module is used for carrying out synchronous analysis on the shaft period synchronous waveform and extracting gear damage information or bearing damage information related to the shaft to be detected;
the synchronous sampling clock determination module includes:
the relative rotation period determining submodule determines a third functional relation between the relative rotation period of the shaft to be measured and time according to the second functional relation;
the whole relative rotation period determining submodule determines a time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation;
the synchronous sampling clock determining submodule determines a synchronous sampling clock according to the second functional relation and the time point corresponding to the whole relative rotation period;
the synchronous sampling clock determination submodule is further configured to:
inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in a preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the relative rotation angle of the shaft to be measured between every two adjacent synchronous sampling points is equal;
the synchronous sampling points in the preset number form a synchronous sampling clock of the vibration signal of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period;
if the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured is not changed in the preset whole relative rotation period or the variation amplitude is in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, comprising the following steps: inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points at equal time intervals in a preset whole relative rotation period;
if the variation amplitude of the shaft speed of the shaft to be measured in the preset whole relative rotation period is not in the preset range, inserting a preset number of synchronous sampling points in the preset whole relative rotation period, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
let Δ t1＝1/(f0×N),Δt2＝1/(f1X N) in which f0Is the average shaft speed, f, of the shaft to be measured between the last two synchronous sampling points of the first whole relative rotation period of the predetermined whole relative rotation period1The average shaft speed of the shaft to be measured between a first synchronous sampling point and a second synchronous sampling point of a whole preset rotation period after the whole preset rotation period, wherein N is the number of inserted synchronous sampling points;
for Δ t1And Δ t2Performing linear operation: Δ t ═ [ (Δ t)2-Δt1)/N]×n+Δt1；
The time point of the nth synchronous sampling point is:
wherein, t0Is the corresponding time point when the whole relative rotation period is scheduled to start.
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