CN108535014A - Virtual synchronous sampling, failure analysis methods and its device of axis to be measured - Google Patents
Virtual synchronous sampling, failure analysis methods and its device of axis to be measured Download PDFInfo
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- CN108535014A CN108535014A CN201710129824.2A CN201710129824A CN108535014A CN 108535014 A CN108535014 A CN 108535014A CN 201710129824 A CN201710129824 A CN 201710129824A CN 108535014 A CN108535014 A CN 108535014A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The application discloses a kind of virtual synchronous sampling, failure analysis methods and its device of axis to be measured.The virtual synchronous method of sampling includes：Obtain input shaft/output shaft in multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case vibration signal etc. whens discrete-time waveform and input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured movement relation；The first function relationship that the axle speed and time of axis to be measured are determined according to axle speed signal and movement relation determines the second function relationship of the axis relative rotation and time of axis to be measured according to first function relationship；Synchronized sampling clock is determined according to second function relationship；According to synchronized sampling clock to vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sample, obtain the axial period sync waveform of axis to be measured.Also the technique effect of sampling can be synchronized when the axle speed that this programme has reached axis to be measured not directly measures to axis to be measured, extraction of the analysis realization pair with axis associated gear to be measured or the damage information of bearing can be also synchronized to the axial period sync waveform of acquisition.
Description
Technical field
This application involves the synchronized sampling of the axis of multistage gear case and failure analysis techniques field, more particularly to one kind are to be measured
Virtual synchronous sampling, Synchronization Analysis and the failure analysis methods and its device of axis.
Background technology
One of effective ways of rotary machinery fault diagnosis are Synchronization Analysis, and the premise of Synchronization Analysis is about axial period
Synchronized sampling.Conventional data acquisition is the acquisition of constant duration.Physical signal on sensor, under the control of clock
After digitizing, a series of analysis, such as spectrum analysis can be carried out.
However, problem is when rotating speed is not constant, ingredient related with rotating speed, such as axle speed and gear in frequency domain
Meshing frequency responds, can disperse and it is no longer clear.
In order to solve this problem, using the method for the sampling at axis equal circumference angle, no matter axle speed speed, rotation obtains for one week
Sampling number be certain, by this technical solution, signal related with the axle speed of axis, as the axle speed of axis is engaged with gear
Frequency response will be kept clearly without disperse on frequency spectrum.
And in the sampling at equal circumference angle, need the axle speed of axis to be measured that can survey at any time, this can pass through in simple shafting
The method of user installation axle speed meter measures the axle speed of axis to be measured, however, in more complicated shafting, such as in the gear of wind turbine
In case, the axle speed of not each axis can all measure, and can only generally measure the axle speed of input shaft or output shaft, in this way,
Just the method for sampling at equal circumference angle can not be used to do synchronized sampling and Synchronization Analysis to the vibration signal of multistage gear case.
It must can be right by measuring the axle speed of axis to be measured of multistage gear case in conclusion always existing in the prior art
Axis to be measured synchronizes the technical issues of sampling or accident analysis.
Invention content
The embodiment of the present application provides virtual synchronous sampling and its device, failure analysis methods and its dress of a kind of axis to be measured
It sets, to solve the existing skill that must can synchronize sampling or accident analysis to axis to be measured by the axle speed of measurement axis to be measured
Art problem.
According to a kind of virtual synchronous method of sampling of axis to be measured provided by the embodiments of the present application, it is applied to multistage gear case,
The axis to be measured is one of multiple axis in the multistage gear case, wherein the method includes：
Obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case vibration believe
Number it is equal whens discrete-time waveform and the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured movement relation；
Determine that the axle speed of the axis to be measured and the first function of time are closed according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
System, and the second function relationship of the axis relative rotation and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the first function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship；
Discrete vibration signal samples whens according to the synchronized sampling clock to described wait, and obtains the axis to be measured
Axial period sync waveform.
Preferably, the vibration signal for obtaining multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete-time waveform, specifically include：
The vibration signal of multistage gear case is obtained by the vibrating sensor on multistage gear case；
Discrete processes whens to the vibration signal etc., obtain the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform.
Preferably, described that synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship, including：
The third functional relation in the relative rotation period and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the second function relationship；
Corresponding time point in whole relative rotation period is determined according to the third functional relation；
Synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship and corresponding time point in the whole relative rotation period.
Preferably, described to be determined together according to the second function relationship and corresponding time point in the whole relative rotation period
Sampling clock is walked, including：
In the predetermined whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating cycle interpolation and entering preset quantity, wherein axis to be measured is every adjacent two
Axis relative rotation between a synchronous sampling point is equal；
The synchronous sampling point of the preset quantity constitutes the axis to be measured in the predetermined whole vibration for relatively rotating the period
The synchronized sampling clock of signal.
According to a kind of failure analysis methods of axis to be measured provided by the embodiments of the present application, it is applied to multistage gear case, it is described
Axis to be measured is one of multiple axis in the multistage gear case, wherein the method includes：
Obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case it is equal whens the discrete axle speed signal and input shaft/output
The movement relation of axis and axis to be measured；
Determine that the axle speed of the axis to be measured and the first function of time are closed according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
System, and the second function relationship of the axis relative rotation and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the first function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship；
According to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sample, described in acquisition
The axial period sync waveform of axis to be measured；
Analysis synchronized to the axial period sync waveform, extraction and the relevant gear destruction information of the axis to be measured or
Damage of the bearing information.
According to a kind of virtual synchronous sampling apparatus for axis to be measured that the embodiment of the present application is mentioned, it is set to multistage gear case,
The axis to be measured is one of multiple axis in the multistage gear case, wherein described device includes：
Acquisition module, for obtain multistage gear case input shaft/output shaft it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal and obtain
Take the movement relation of the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured；
Axis relative rotation determining module, for determining the axis to be measured according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
The first function relationship of axle speed and time, and according to the first function relationship determine the axis to be measured axis relative rotation and when
Between second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock determining module, for determining synchronized sampling clock according to the second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling module, according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform carry out
Sampling obtains the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured.
Preferably, the acquisition module obtain the vibration signal of multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete-time waveform, specific packet
It includes：
The vibration signal is obtained by vibrating sensor；
And discrete processes whens waiting the vibration signal of acquisition, obtain the vibration signal it is equal whens it is discrete
Time waveform.
Preferably, the synchronized sampling clock determining module includes：
Period determination sub-module is relatively rotated, the relative rotation week of the axis to be measured is determined according to the second function relationship
The third functional relation of phase and time；
Whole relative rotation period determination sub-module determines that the whole relative rotation period is corresponding according to the third functional relation
Time point；
Synchronized sampling clock determination sub-module, it is corresponding according to the second function relationship and the whole relative rotation period
Time point determines synchronized sampling clock.
Preferably, the synchronized sampling clock determination sub-module is additionally operable to：
In the predetermined whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating cycle interpolation and entering preset quantity, wherein axis to be measured is in each two phase
Axis relative rotation between adjacent synchronous sampling point is equal；
The synchronous sampling point of the preset quantity constitutes axis to be measured in the predetermined whole vibration signal for relatively rotating the period
Synchronized sampling clock.
According to a kind of fail analysis device of axis to be measured provided by the embodiments of the present application, it is set to multistage gear case, it is described
Axis to be measured is one of multiple axis in the multistage gear case, wherein described device includes：
Acquisition module, for obtain multistage gear case input shaft/output shaft it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage tooth
The vibration signal of roller box it is equal whens discrete-time waveform and obtain the movement relation of the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured；
Axis relative rotation determining module, for determining the axis to be measured according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
The first function relationship of axle speed and time, and according to the first function relationship determine the axis to be measured axis relative rotation and when
Between second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock determining module, for determining synchronized sampling clock according to the second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling module, according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform carry out
Sampling obtains the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured；
Failure analysis module, for synchronizing analysis, extraction and the axis phase to be measured to the axial period sync waveform
The gear destruction information or damage of the bearing information of pass.
Above-mentioned at least one technical solution that the embodiment of the present application uses can reach following advantageous effect：
The virtual synchronous method of sampling and its device, the failure analysis methods and its dress of axis to be measured provided by the embodiments of the present application
It sets, it is only necessary to know that the input shaft of multistage gear case or the axle speed of output shaft, in conjunction with the movement of axis to be measured and input shaft/output shaft
Relationship can obtain the axle speed of axis to be measured and the first function relationship of time, and the axis phase of axis to be measured is determined according to first function relationship
To the second function relationship of corner and time, synchronized sampling clock is determined according to second function relationship, when according to the synchronized sampling
Clock to vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sample, obtain the axial period sync waveform of axis to be measured, having reached only needs
The axle speed signal of the input shaft or output shaft that obtain multistage gear case can reach the technology effect that sampling is synchronized to axis to be measured
Fruit efficiently solves just not synchronizing axis to be measured when can not directly measure the axle speed of axis to be measured of multistage gear case and adopt
The technical issues of sample.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen
Illustrative embodiments and their description please do not constitute the improper restriction to the application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of constant duration sampling and the sampling of equal circumference angle；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the virtual synchronous method of sampling of axis to be measured in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 e are the process for synchronizing sampling in the embodiment of the present application in a specific embodiment to vibration signal
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the failure analysis methods of axis to be measured in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 5 a-5d are the schematic diagram of failure analysis methods in a specific embodiment in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of the virtual synchronous sampling apparatus of axis to be measured in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 7 is the structure diagram of the fail analysis device of axis to be measured in the embodiment of the present application.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the application clearer, below in conjunction with the application specific embodiment and
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described in corresponding attached drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the application one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Go out the every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the technical solution that each embodiment of the application provides is described in detail.
It is shown in Figure 1, illustrate the principle of constant duration sampling and the sampling of equal circumference angle, wherein between waiting times
Every in the oscillogram that the oscillogram of sampling and equal circumference angle sample, the dot on sample waveform indicates sampled point, can be from Fig. 1
In find out, in the waveform of constant duration sampling, after the physics axle speed signal of axis is digitized, a series of point can be carried out
Analysis, however, the speed due to axis is changing, the method for sampling obtained using constant duration is obtained in equal time interval
The quantity of sampled point change, based on FFT transform (Fast Fourier Transformation, fast Fourier transform)
The frequency signal arrived, meeting disperse are unintelligible.And equal circumference angle sample in, no matter the speed of the axle speed of axis to be measured, rotate one
The quantity for the sampled point that whole relative rotation period (e.g., the radian of rotation is 2 π) gets is constant, is justified referring to waiting in Fig. 1
The oscillogram of round angle sampling, trigger signal form synchronized sampling clock by frequency raiser, and trigger signal and synchronized sampling clock are equal
By analog to digital conversion, to be converted into the trigger signal of digital signal form and the synchronized sampling clock of digital signal form.According to
The trigger signal of digital signal form and the synchronized sampling clock of digital signal form form equal circumference angle sample waveform figure.At this
In the sample waveform figure of equal circumference angle, what horizontal axis indicated is to relatively rotate the period, and the dot in oscillogram indicates sampled point.It will be such
Angle of circumference sample waveform figure passes through FFT transform, and the obtained signal (such as order signal) synchronous with axle speed keeps clear, there is no
Diffusing phenomenon.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of virtual synchronous method of sampling of axis to be measured, is applied to multistage gear case, described to wait for
It is one of multiple axis in the multistage gear case to survey axis, shown in Figure 2, the method includes：
Step S201, obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case etc. whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case
Vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform and the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured movement relation；
In multistage gear case, often only input shaft and output shaft are in the outside of gear-box, therefore, input shaft or output
The axle speed signal of axis can be obtained by measuring.In the input shaft or output shaft for getting multistage gear case by measurement
After axle speed signal, the axle speed signal of input shaft/output shaft to getting is discrete whens waiting, to be converted into digital letter
Number.Axis to be measured is axis one of in multistage gear case, the axis (including axis to be measured) in multistage gear case and input shaft/output
Axis has certain movement relation.Therefore, when the embodiment of the present application based on get input shaft/output shaft it is equal whens discrete axis
After fast signal, the axle speed signal of axis to be measured is determined in conjunction with the movement relation of axis to be measured and input shaft/output shaft.
Axis to be measured and the movement relation of input shaft/output shaft are different and variant according to the type of gear-box, while with
The relative position of axis to be measured and input shaft/output shaft has relationship, as at one by a planetary gear and two parallel gears
In gear-box, there is following movement relation：
fm=NG×pG=NL×pL；
Wherein, fmFor gear mesh frequency；pGFor the axle speed of input shaft/output shaft；NGFor the number of teeth of input shaft/output shaft；
pLFor the axle speed of axis to be measured；NLFor the number of teeth of axis to be measured.
It is pointed out here that the movement relation only to a kind of elaboration of movement relation, not to axis to be measured in the application with it is defeated
Enter the opposite position of the restriction of the movement relation of axis/output shaft, different types of gear-box or input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured
Movement relation caused by the difference set is different, also belongs to embodiments herein.
Step S203, according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation determine the axis to be measured axle speed and the time
One functional relation, and determine that the axis relative rotation of the axis to be measured and the second function of time close according to the first function relationship
System；
Obtain input shaft/output shaft it is equal whens it is discrete after axle speed signal after, in conjunction with acquisition axis to be measured and input shaft/
The movement relation of output shaft can determine the axle speed signal of axis to be measured.Since the axle speed signal of input shaft/output shaft of acquisition is
The functional relation of axle speed and time, thus can according to the axle speed signal and input shaft/output shaft of input shaft/output shaft of acquisition with
The movement relation of axis to be measured obtains the axle speed of axis to be measured and the first function relationship of time, and by the technical program, having reached can
The technology effect of the axle speed signal of axis to be measured in multistage gear case is derived by the input shaft of acquisition or the axle speed signal of output shaft
Fruit.
The application preferentially uses the technical solution of equal circumference angle sampling, so as to be avoided on spectrogram with the relevant signal of axle speed
Disperse, to keep clear.Here, the axis relative rotation by the way that the first function relationship of axle speed and time to be converted to axis to be measured
With the second function relationship of time, using by constant duration sample conversion as equal circumference angle sample.
In one embodiment, the first function relationship of the axle speed of axis to be measured and time can be converted to by the method for integral
The axis relative rotation of axis to be measured and the second function relationship of time.The specific method of integral does not limit herein, can be used common
Integration method, such as rectangle rule or trapezoidal rule；Other integration methods can also be used.
Step S205, synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship；
What second function relationship indicated is the axis relative rotation of axis to be measured and the relationship of time, true according to second function relationship
Determine synchronized sampling clock, it is first determined synchronous sampling point of the axis to be measured in a whole relative rotation period；Based on adjacent
The dynamic axis relative rotation of shaft rotation to be measured is identical between two synchronous sampling points or difference principle within a preset range, scheduled
The whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating cycle interpolation and entering preset quantity, the synchronous sampling point in a complete cycle constitute axis to be measured and exist
The whole synchronized sampling clock for relatively rotating acquisition vibration signal in the period.
Step S207, according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal etc. whens discrete-time waveform adopt
Sample obtains the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured.
The vibration signal is the vibration signal of multistage gear case, including the vibration signal of arbitrary axis in multistage gear case,
The vibration signal of the vibration signal of multistage gear case and the bearing of the axis in multistage gear case passes through determining synchronized sampling clock
To vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sample, the axial period sync waveform of axis to be measured can be obtained.
The virtual synchronous method of sampling of axis to be measured provided by the embodiments of the present application need to only obtain the input shaft of multistage gear case
Or the axle speed signal of output shaft, axle speed and the time of axis to be measured are determined according to the movement relation of axis to be measured and input shaft or output shaft
First function relationship, the second function relationship of the axis relative rotation and time of axis to be measured is determined according to first function relationship, into
And in the scheduled whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating period insertion preset quantity and synchronized sampling clock is formed, according to formation
Synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal of multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sample, form the axis week of axis to be measured
Phase sync waveform, the technical program has reached still can be to axis to be measured when the axle speed of the axis to be measured of multistage gear case can not be surveyed
It synchronizes sampling and forms the technique effect of axial period sync waveform.
In one embodiment, the vibration signal for obtaining multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete-time waveform, specific packet
It includes：
1) vibration signal of multistage gear case is obtained by the vibrating sensor on multistage gear case；The sensor can be
Displacement sensor, velocity sensor or acceleration transducer.
2) discrete processes whens waiting the vibration signal of multistage gear case, obtain the vibration signal it is equal whens it is discrete when
Between waveform.
In one embodiment, described that synchronized sampling clock is determined according to second function relationship in step S203, including：
1) determine that the third function for relatively rotating period and time of the axis to be measured closes according to the second function relationship
System；
Third functional relation is the functional relation in the relative rotation period and time of axis to be measured, and second function relationship is to be measured
The axis relative rotation of axis and the functional relation of time, and the axis relative rotation of shaft rotation to be measured rotation in dynamic one week is 2 π；It herein proposes,
In this application, the preferential angle used as unit of radian of axis relative rotation.It therefore, will be on the right of the equation of second function relationship
Expression formula divided by 2 π, just obtain the expression formula for relatively rotating the third functional relation of period and time.
2) corresponding time point in whole relative rotation period is determined according to the third functional relation；
Third functional relation is to relatively rotate the functional relation in period and time, the determination side at complete cycle at corresponding time point
Method is：
For the expression formula assignment of third functional relation, wherein institute's assigned value is positive integer, such as 1,2 ... ..., n is assigned
Time t in the corresponding third functional relation of positive integer value is then complete cycle at the corresponding time point of rotation institute assignment.
Corresponding time point in one whole relative rotation period can be that the corresponding time in this whole relative rotation period is completed in rotation
Point；Since mechanical rotation is continuous rotation, originally corresponding time point in whole relative rotation period is completed in rotation, can also make
The time point started for the next relative rotation period adjacent with this whole relative rotation period.
3) when determining synchronized sampling according to the second function relationship and corresponding time point in the whole relative rotation period
Clock.
Enter synchronizing for preset quantity in the two neighboring whole cycle interpolation relatively rotated between corresponding time point in period to adopt
Sampling point, the insertion principle of the synchronous sampling point of preset quantity are that the axis that shaft rotation to be measured is dynamic between two neighboring synchronous sampling point is opposite
Corner is equal or the difference of axis relative rotation is in preset amplitude.
In one embodiment, it in the step 3) of step S203, specifically includes：
(1) synchronous sampling point of preset quantity is inserted into predetermined period, which is preset some opposite turn
The dynamic period.Wherein, the axis relative rotation rotated between axis synchronous sampling point described in each adjacent two to be measured is equal or difference exists
In preset range；Specific method can be：
If entering 10 synchronous sampling points in predetermined whole relative rotation cycle interpolation, axis to be measured is adopted in each two adjacent sync
The axis relative rotation rotated between sampling point is 0.2 π；Such as can be arranged in 10 synchronous sampling points two neighboring synchronous sampling point it
Between the deviation of the dynamic axis relative rotation of shaft rotation to be measured be not more than δ, then the preset range is【0.2 π-δ, 0.2 π+δ】.Such as, δ is
0.001 π, then the preset range be【0.199 π, 0.201 π】.
If the predetermined whole axle speed for relatively rotating the period is constant or amplitude of variation within a preset range, whole opposite turn predetermined
Dynamic cycle interpolation enter preset quantity synchronous sampling point be equal to make a reservation for the whole relative rotation period in constant duration be inserted into
The synchronous sampling point of preset quantity.Specially：
The predetermined whole start time for relatively rotating the period is t1, and the corresponding time in predetermined whole relative rotation period is whole
Point is t2, it is N number of, then two neighboring synchronized sampling in the predetermined whole preset quantity for relatively rotating the synchronous sampling point that the period is inserted into
Time interval between point is Δ t=(t2-t1)/N, then n-th of synchronous sampling point corresponding time point be：(t1+n×Δt),n
=1,2 ..., N.
If velocity variations amplitude of the axle speed of axis to be measured within the predetermined whole relative rotation period within a preset range, that is, is not adopted
Be inserted into the mode of constant duration preset quantity sampled point can not ensure axis to be measured two neighboring synchronous sampling point it
Between the axis relative rotation that rotates within a preset range, determine consider axis to be measured in predetermined whole relative rotation when synchronous sampling point at this time
The previous whole axle speed for relatively rotating period and latter whole relative rotation period in period.In order to more preferable consideration former and later two
The whole axle speed for relatively rotating the period, here, between previous most latter two synchronous sampling point of whole relative rotation period of emphasis consideration
Average axle speed and the latter it is whole relatively rotate the period most the first two synchronous sampling point between average axle speed, at one implement
In example, the determination method of synchronous sampling point can be：
If Δ t1=1/ (f0×N),Δt2=1/ (f1×N)；Wherein, f0It is that axis to be measured is making a reservation for the whole relative rotation period
Average axle speed between previous whole most latter two synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating the period, f1It is axis to be measured predetermined whole opposite
The whole first average axle speed between second synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating the period of the latter of rotation period, N is slotting
The quantity of the synchronous sampling point entered.
By to Δ t1With Δ t2Linear operation is done, Δ t and Δ t are acquired1With, Δ t2The relationship of the two is：
Δ t=[(Δ t2-Δt1)/N]×n+Δt1；
Then the time point of n-th of synchronous sampling point is：
Wherein, t0(it is equal to the previous whole of predetermined whole relative rotation period when starting for the predetermined whole relative rotation period
Relatively rotate corresponding time point in period) corresponding time point.
(2) synchronous sampling point of the preset quantity constitutes the axis to be measured and predetermined whole relatively rotates the same of period described
Walk sampling clock.
According to obtain vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform, then using the synchronized sampling dot according to preset quantity
At synchronized sampling clock to vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sampled again, obtain the axial period of axis to be measured
Sync waveform.
It is as follows, it enumerates a specific embodiment and is illustrated：
The analog signal schematic diagram of the axle speed for the axis to be measured that acquisition module is got is referring to shown in Fig. 3 a, in fig. 3 a, horizontal
Axis indicates that time, unit are the second (s), and the longitudinal axis indicates axle speed, and unit is Radian per second.And the vibration letter of the multistage gear case obtained
Number as shown in Figure 3b；In fig 3b, horizontal axis indicates that time, unit are the second (s), and the longitudinal axis indicates that vibration frequency, unit are (hertz).
For the ease of illustrating, in this consideration by the uneven caused vibration of power, axle speed signal and vibration signal are with 5000 hertz
It is discrete whens equal.
In order to synchronize sampling, the first function relationship of the axle speed of axis to be measured and time are integrated, obtained to be measured
The axis relative rotation of axis and the second function relationship of time, waveform is referring to shown in Fig. 3 c；In figure 3 c, the longitudinal axis indicates that axis is opposite
Corner, unit are radian；Horizontal axis indicates that time, unit are the second (s).By the expression formula divided by 2 π on the right side of second function relationship, obtain
To the expression formula of the relationship for relatively rotating period and time of axis to be measured, simultaneously, it may be determined that when whole relative rotation period is corresponding
Between point, shown in Fig. 3 d；In Fig. 3 d, horizontal axis indicates that time, unit are the second (s), and the longitudinal axis is expressed as the whole opposite of axis to be measured
Rotation period, unit are a；In the predetermined whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating insertion preset quantity in the period, synchronized sampling is constituted
Clock, according to the synchronized sampling clock to axis to be measured it is equal whens discrete vibration signal time waveform synchronize sampling, obtain
The axial period sync waveform for taking axis to be measured, referring to Fig. 3 e；In Fig. 3 e, horizontal axis indicates that axis relatively rotates the period, and longitudinal axis expression is shaken
Dynamic signal.
The virtual synchronous method of sampling of axis provided by the embodiments of the present application is determined according to the axis relative rotation that shaft rotation to be measured is moved
Synchronized sampling clock has reached the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal sampled when axle speed changes still clearly technique effect.
Embodiment 2
Shown in Figure 4, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of analysis method of the failure of axis to be measured, specifically includes：
Step S401, obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case etc. whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case
It is equal whens discrete-time waveform and the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured movement relation；
Step S403, according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation determine the axis to be measured axle speed and the time
One functional relation, and determine that the axis relative rotation of the axis to be measured and the second function of time close according to the first function relationship
System；
Step S405, synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship；
Step S407, according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal etc. whens discrete-time waveform adopt
Sample obtains the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured；
Step S409, analysis, extraction and the relevant gear of axis to be measured are synchronized to the axial period sync waveform
Damage information or damage of the bearing information.
The signal synchronous with the axle speed of axis to be measured is obtained from the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured of acquisition, can with but not
It is only limitted to high-order harmonic wave signal or gear mesh frequency signal, it is synchronous with the axle speed of axis to be measured using the method processing of Synchronization Analysis
Signal, and the failure to axis to be measured or the failure of the bearing on axis to be measured are analyzed.Synchronization Analysis includes synchronized averaging and rank
Secondary spectrum analysis can extract the failure of gear by synchronized averaging, and damage of the bearing is extracted by order spectrum analysis.Specific method is：
In multistage gear case, vibration signal is shared, that is, uses the synchronized sampling period of axis to be measured to the vibration
Signal carries out resampling, and then obtains the axial period sync waveform of axis to be measured, according to the axial period synchronous waves of the axis to be measured of acquisition
Shape analyzes the failure of the bearing on the axis or the axis, and a specific embodiment particularized below illustrates：
Referring to Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 d, the specific mistake of failure when detecting a wind turbine generator tertiary gear case is shown
Journey.The first order of tertiary gear case is planetary gear, and the second level and the third level are parallel gears.Again, to obtain output shaft
Axle speed signal for, discrete whens waiting the axle speed signal of output shaft, the axle speed waveform of output shaft is as shown in Figure 5 a；It is obtaining
While taking each cycle pulsatile once signal of input shaft, the vibration signal of output shaft is recorded, if acceleration signal is (using acceleration
Sensor is spent to obtain), to carry out subsequent accident analysis.In the present embodiment, the waveform of the acceleration signal is as shown in Figure 5 b.
As an alternative embodiment, with the oscillogram of initial first second axle speed signal of output shaft and the waveform of acceleration signal
It is illustrated for figure：
According to the axle speed signal of the output shaft of acquisition axis to be measured is obtained in conjunction with the movement relation of input shaft and axis to be measured
Axle speed and time first function relationship.
Integral operation is done to first function relationship, obtains the axis relative rotation of axis to be measured and the second function relationship of time,
The synchronized sampling clock that axis to be measured is determined according to second function relationship, the vibration according to determining synchronized sampling clock to gear-box
Signal is sampled, and the axial period sync waveform of axis to be measured is obtained.
After progress 30 is subsynchronous averagely in the axial period sync waveform of axis to be measured, synchronized averaging as shown in Figure 5 c is obtained
Waveform.From Fig. 5 c, it can be seen that the primary shock response feature of axis each cycle to be measured goes out according to the shock response signature analysis
There is damage phenomenon in the part of the gear of axis to be measured；And to the waveform of output shaft carry out 30 it is subsynchronous it is average after, obtained result is such as
Shown in Fig. 5 d.The axle speed of axis to be measured and the axle speed of output shaft are asynchronous, and therefore, the local damage of the gear of axis to be measured is rushed
It hits response just to disappear after the synchronized averaging of output shaft, the vibration signal with output shaft synchronous is left behind, referring specifically to Fig. 5 d
Shown in the waveform of output shaft carry out 30 it is subsynchronous it is average after oscillogram.
As can be seen that the step S301- steps S307 in the present embodiment and step S201- step S207 classes in embodiment 1
Seemingly, it will not be described here.
Embodiment 3
Shown in Figure 6, the present embodiment provides a kind of virtual synchronous sampling apparatuses of axis to be measured, are applied to multi-stage gear
Case, the axis to be measured are one of multiple axis in the multistage gear case, and described device includes acquisition module 601, axis
Relative rotation determining module 603, synchronized sampling clock determining module 605 and synchronized sampling module 607.Wherein：
Acquisition module 601 be used to obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage
The vibration signal of gear-box it is equal whens discrete-time waveform and obtain the movement of the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured and close
System；
Axis relative rotation determining module 603 is used to determine the axis to be measured according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
Axle speed and time first function relationship, and according to the first function relationship determine the axis relative rotation of the axis to be measured with
The second function relationship of time；
Synchronized sampling clock determining module 605 is used to determine synchronized sampling clock according to the second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling module 607 be used for according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete time wave
Shape is sampled, and the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured is obtained.
In one embodiment, the acquisition module 601 obtain the vibration signal of the multistage gear case it is equal whens it is discrete
Time waveform specifically includes：The vibration signal of multistage gear case is obtained by vibrating sensor；The vibration signal of acquisition is carried out
Discrete processes whens equal, obtain the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform.
In one embodiment, the synchronized sampling clock determining module 605 include relatively rotate the period determination sub-module,
Whole relative rotation period determination sub-module and synchronized sampling clock determination sub-module.Wherein：
Period determination sub-module is relatively rotated, the relative rotation week of the axis to be measured is determined according to the second function relationship
The third functional relation of phase and time；
Whole relative rotation period determination sub-module determines that the whole relative rotation period is corresponding according to the third functional relation
Time point；
Synchronized sampling clock determination sub-module, it is corresponding according to the second function relationship and the whole relative rotation period
Time point determines synchronized sampling clock.
In one embodiment, the synchronized sampling clock determination sub-module is additionally operable to：
In the predetermined whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating cycle interpolation and entering preset quantity, wherein axis to be measured is in each two phase
Axis relative rotation between adjacent synchronous sampling point is equal；
The synchronous sampling point of the preset quantity constitutes axis to be measured in the predetermined whole vibration signal for relatively rotating the period
Synchronized sampling clock.
Embodiment 4
Shown in Figure 7, the present embodiment provides a kind of fail analysis devices of axis to be measured, are applied to multistage gear case, institute
It is one of multiple axis in the multistage gear case to state axis to be measured, and described device, which includes acquisition module 701, axis is opposite turns
Angle determining module 703, synchronized sampling clock determining module 705, synchronized sampling module 707 and failure analysis module 709.Wherein：
Acquisition module 701 be used to obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage
The vibration signal of gear-box it is equal whens discrete-time waveform and obtain the movement of the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured and close
System；
Axis relative rotation determining module 703 is used to determine the axis to be measured according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
Axle speed and time first function relationship, and according to the first function relationship determine the axis relative rotation of the axis to be measured with
The second function relationship of time；
Synchronized sampling clock determining module 705 is used to determine synchronized sampling clock according to the second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling module 707 according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform into
Row sampling, obtains the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured.
Failure analysis module 709 is used to synchronize analysis, extraction and the axis to be measured to the axial period sync waveform
Relevant gear destruction information or damage of the bearing information.
Acquisition module 701 in the present embodiment, axis relative rotation determining module 703, synchronized sampling clock determining module 705,
Synchronized sampling module 707 and acquisition module 601, axis relative rotation determining module 603, the synchronized sampling clock in embodiment 3 are true
Cover half block 605, synchronized sampling module 607 are similar, and it will not be described here.
In conclusion technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, by obtain input shaft/output shaft axle speed signal and
The movement relation of axis to be measured and input shaft/output shaft determines the axle speed of axis to be measured and the first function relationship of time, then passes through
The method of integral obtains the axis relative rotation of axis to be measured and the second function relationship of time, is determined according to second function relationship opposite
Rotation period time point corresponding with the functional relation of time and whole relative rotation period；Be based within the whole relative rotation period etc.
The principle of relative rotation is inserted into the synchronous sampling point of preset quantity, and the synchronous acquisition clock constituted according to synchronous sampling point is to be measured
Axis it is equal whens discrete vibration signal sampled, effectively reached in the case where the axle speed of axis to be measured is not directly measured according to
The technique effect of sampling can be so synchronized to axis to be measured, meanwhile, the embodiment of the present application can also be according to the axis of the axis to be measured of acquisition
The failure of gear on cycle synchronisation waveform analysis axis to be measured or the bearing on axis to be measured, improves the failure in multistage gear case
Analysis efficiency.
It should be noted that the executive agent of each step of 1 providing method of embodiment may each be same device, or
Person, this method is also by different device as executive agent.For example, the executive agent of step 201 and step 203 can be device 1,
The executive agent of step 203 can be device 2；For another example, the executive agent of step 201 can be device 1, and step 203 is held
Row main body can be device 2；Etc..
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the present invention can be provided as method, apparatus or computer program
Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the present invention
Apply the form of example.Moreover, the present invention can be used in one or more wherein include computer usable program code computer
The computer program production implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.)
The form of product.
The present invention be with reference to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, the flow of device (system) and computer program product
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that can be realized by computer program instructions every first-class in flowchart and/or the block diagram
The combination of flow and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.These computer programs can be provided
Instruct the processor of all-purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing units to produce
A raw machine so that the instruction executed by computer or the processor of other programmable data processing units is generated for real
The device for the function of being specified in present one flow of flow chart or one box of multiple flows and/or block diagram or multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, can guide computer or other programmable data processing units with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works so that instruction generation stored in the computer readable memory includes referring to
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or one box of block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions can be also loaded into computer or other programmable data processing units so that counted
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one flow of flow chart or multiple flows and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
In a typical configuration, computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interface, net
Network interface and memory.
Memory may include computer-readable medium in volatile memory, random access memory (RAM) and/or
The forms such as Nonvolatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM).Memory is computer-readable medium
Example.
Computer-readable medium includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media can be by any method
Or technology realizes information storage.Information can be computer-readable instruction, data structure, the module of program or other data.
The example of the storage medium of computer includes, but are not limited to phase transition internal memory (PRAM), static RAM (SRAM), moves
State random access memory (DRAM), other kinds of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electric erasable
Programmable read only memory (EEPROM), fast flash memory bank or other memory techniques, read-only disc read only memory (CD-ROM) (CD-ROM),
Digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storages, magnetic tape cassette, tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices
Or any other non-transmission medium, it can be used for storing the information that can be accessed by computing device.As defined in this article, it calculates
Machine readable medium does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as data-signal and carrier wave of modulation.
It should also be noted that, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
Including so that process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements include not only those elements, but also wrap
Include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or device intrinsic want
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that wanted including described
There is also other identical elements in the process of element, method, commodity or device.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments herein can be provided as method, system or computer program product.
Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or embodiment combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the application
Form.It is deposited moreover, the application can be used to can be used in the computer that one or more wherein includes computer usable program code
The shape for the computer program product implemented on storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.)
Formula.
Above is only an example of the present application, it is not intended to limit this application.For those skilled in the art
For, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle made by any modification, equivalent
Replace, improve etc., it should be included within the scope of claims hereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of virtual synchronous method of sampling of axis to be measured, is applied to multistage gear case, the axis to be measured is the multi-stage gear
One of multiple axis in case, which is characterized in that the method includes：
Obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case vibration signal
The movement relation of discrete-time waveform and the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured whens equal；
The first function relationship of the axle speed and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation, and
The second function relationship of the axis relative rotation and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the first function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship；
According to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sample, obtain described to be measured
The axial period sync waveform of axis.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described obtain multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete vibration believe
Number, it specifically includes：
The vibration signal of multistage gear case is obtained by the vibrating sensor on multistage gear case；
Discrete processes whens waiting the vibration signal of the multistage gear case, obtain the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete time
Waveform.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described determine synchronized sampling according to the second function relationship
Clock, including：
The third functional relation in the relative rotation period and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the second function relationship；
Corresponding time point in whole relative rotation period is determined according to the third functional relation；
Synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship and corresponding time point in the whole relative rotation period.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described according to the second function relationship and described whole opposite
Rotation period corresponding time point determines synchronized sampling clock, including：
In the predetermined whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating cycle interpolation and entering preset quantity, wherein axis to be measured is same in each adjacent two
The axis relative rotation walked between sampled point is equal；
The synchronous sampling point of the preset quantity constitutes the axis to be measured in the predetermined whole vibration signal for relatively rotating the period
Synchronized sampling clock.
5. a kind of failure analysis methods of axis to be measured, are applied to multistage gear case, the axis to be measured is in the multistage gear case
One of multiple axis, which is characterized in that the method includes：
Obtain input shaft/output shaft of multistage gear case it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case vibration signal
The movement relation of discrete-time waveform and the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured whens equal；
The first function relationship of the axle speed and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation, and
The second function relationship of the axis relative rotation and time of the axis to be measured is determined according to the first function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock is determined according to the second function relationship；
According to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform sample, obtain described to be measured
The axial period sync waveform of axis；
Analysis, extraction and the relevant gear destruction information of the axis to be measured or bearing are synchronized to the axial period sync waveform
Damage information.
6. a kind of virtual synchronous sampling apparatus of axis to be measured, is set to multistage gear case, the axis to be measured is the multi-stage gear
One of multiple axis in case, which is characterized in that described device includes：
Acquisition module, for obtain multistage gear case input shaft/output shaft it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case
Vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform and obtain the movement relation of the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured；
Axis relative rotation determining module, the axle speed for determining the axis to be measured according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
With the first function relationship of time, and axis relative rotation and the time of the axis to be measured are determined according to the first function relationship
Second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock determining module, for determining synchronized sampling clock according to the second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling module, according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform adopt
Sample obtains the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the acquisition module obtains the vibration signal of multistage gear case
It is equal whens discrete-time waveform, specifically include：
The vibration signal is obtained by vibrating sensor；
And discrete processes whens waiting the vibration signal of acquisition, obtain the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete time
Waveform.
8. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the synchronized sampling clock determining module includes：
Relatively rotate period determination sub-module, according to the second function relationship determine relative rotation period of the axis to be measured with
The third functional relation of time；
Whole relative rotation period determination sub-module determines the corresponding time in whole relative rotation period according to the third functional relation
Point；
Synchronized sampling clock determination sub-module, according to the second function relationship and corresponding time in the whole relative rotation period
Point determines synchronized sampling clock.
9. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the synchronized sampling clock determination sub-module is additionally operable to：
In the predetermined whole synchronous sampling point for relatively rotating cycle interpolation and entering preset quantity, wherein axis to be measured is each two adjacent
Axis relative rotation between synchronous sampling point is equal；
The synchronous sampling point of the preset quantity constitutes axis to be measured in the same of the predetermined whole vibration signal for relatively rotating the period
Walk sampling clock.
10. a kind of fail analysis device of axis to be measured, is set to multistage gear case, the axis to be measured is in the multistage gear case
One of multiple axis, which is characterized in that described device includes：
Acquisition module, for obtain multistage gear case input shaft/output shaft it is equal whens discrete axle speed signal, multistage gear case
Vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform and obtain the movement relation of the input shaft/output shaft and axis to be measured；
Axis relative rotation determining module, the axle speed for determining the axis to be measured according to the axle speed signal and the movement relation
With the first function relationship of time, and axis relative rotation and the time of the axis to be measured are determined according to the first function relationship
Second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling clock determining module, for determining synchronized sampling clock according to the second function relationship；
Synchronized sampling module, according to the synchronized sampling clock to the vibration signal it is equal whens discrete-time waveform adopt
Sample obtains the axial period sync waveform of the axis to be measured；
Failure analysis module, for synchronizing analysis to the axial period sync waveform, extraction is relevant with the axis to be measured
Gear destruction information or damage of the bearing information.
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Cited By (1)
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| GB2602038A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-22 | Edwards Ltd | Bearing wear monitoring |
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