CN108534663B - Damage-free U-shaped strain gauge - Google Patents
Damage-free U-shaped strain gauge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108534663B CN108534663B CN201810403260.1A CN201810403260A CN108534663B CN 108534663 B CN108534663 B CN 108534663B CN 201810403260 A CN201810403260 A CN 201810403260A CN 108534663 B CN108534663 B CN 108534663B
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- rod
- strain
- strain gauge
- shaped
- foot target
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building engineering test detection. The damage-free U-shaped strain gauge comprises a master rod, a sub rod, an elastic strain unit and a foot target unit, wherein the sub rod and the master rod are coaxially and slidably sleeved; the two ends of the elastic strain unit are respectively connected to the secondary rod and the primary rod through a pin joint, and linear strain of the secondary rod and the primary rod is detected; the outer ends of the secondary rod and the primary rod are respectively provided with a foot target unit, each foot target unit comprises a base and a connecting rod, and the base and the connecting rods are connected through bearings. The invention has reasonable structural design, can realize the accurate measurement of the linear strain of the concrete member, and can avoid the damage of the strain gauge caused by nonlinear stress strain or deformation exceeding the measuring range of the strain gauge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building engineering test detection, and particularly relates to a damage-free U-shaped strain gauge.
Background
The research on the stress and deformation performance of the reinforced concrete structural member is one of the basic basis for scientific design of the reinforced concrete structural member, various deformation sensors are needed in the test research on the stress deformation behavior of the reinforced concrete flexural member, wherein, the U-shaped (or n-shaped) strain gauge is more suitable for testing the linear strain of a test piece in the destruction process, however, because the design defect of the existing U-shaped strain gauge in the structural aspect, especially the lack of a protective device, a device for ensuring the linear transmission of strain and the like, the damage of the U-shaped strain gauge is possibly caused in the test process or the carrying and mounting process, the test precision is not ensured, and the loss caused by the damage is larger, for example, when the deformation value of the test piece is tested, the positioning foot targets of the two limbs ends of the strain gauge are adhered to the surface of the test piece through adhesives to form rigid connection, and the relative displacement is generated along with the deformation of the surface of the test piece, so that the strain gauge can be tested to the deformation of the test piece, but when the deformation is slightly larger, the bending position of the strain gauge fixed on the surface of the test piece generates overlarge counter bending moment and is transmitted to the elastic element, the deformation of the test piece is not transmitted to the synchronous transmission, and thus the test piece is not damaged, and the test result is reasonably used after the test piece is used, and the test error is further increased. Meanwhile, due to the lack of a protective structure, when the deformation value of the test piece is too large, the positioning foot target can drive the elastic element to deform beyond the limit of the elastic element, so that the U-shaped strain gauge is damaged. Therefore, in order to avoid the damage of the U-shaped strain gauge and accurately test the linear strain of the reinforced concrete structural member when the reinforced concrete structural member is stressed, it is necessary to develop a novel U-shaped strain gauge free from damage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and the defects, and provides a nondestructive U-shaped strain gauge which is reasonable in structural design, can realize precision measurement and can avoid strain gauge damage caused by nonlinear stress strain or deformation beyond measuring range.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
the damage-free U-shaped strain gauge comprises a master rod, a sub rod, an elastic strain unit and a foot target unit, wherein the sub rod and the master rod are coaxially and slidably sleeved; the two ends of the elastic strain unit are respectively arranged on the secondary rod and the primary rod, and the linear strain of the secondary rod and the primary rod is detected; the outer ends of the secondary rod and the primary rod are respectively provided with a foot target unit, each foot target unit comprises a base and a connecting rod, and the base and the connecting rods are connected through bearings.
Foot target draw-in grooves are respectively arranged at the outer end parts of the primary rod and the secondary rod, and the connecting rods are arranged in the foot target draw-in grooves in a matching way and are fixed in the foot target draw-in grooves through fastening nuts.
A spring washer is arranged between the fastening nut and the foot target clamping groove; when in normal operation, the connecting rod is fixedly arranged with the foot target clamping groove under the action of the spring washer and the fastening nut; when the deformation is larger than the measuring range of the strain gauge, the connecting rod can relatively slide in the foot target clamping groove.
In the two foot target clamping grooves in the son rod and the mother rod, one foot target clamping groove is arranged in a U-shaped opening structure, and the other foot target clamping groove is arranged in a strip-shaped closed hole structure; or the two pin target clamping grooves are all arranged in a U-shaped opening structure.
The elastic strain unit comprises an arc-shaped elastic support substrate, strain gauges and leads, wherein the strain gauges are arranged on the support substrate in a matched and attached mode and synchronously deform along with the support substrate, and two ends of the elastic support substrate are respectively pivoted with the child rod and the mother rod.
The strain gauge is characterized in that a protective cover is arranged on the outer side of the strain gauge, and a wire leading-out end is provided with a wire pressing nose.
The inner end part of the main rod is provided with a guide hole, and the inner end part of the secondary rod is provided with a guide rod; and a limit sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the guide hole, and a limit stop block corresponding to the limit sliding groove is arranged on the guide rod.
The length of the limiting chute is matched with the measuring range of the elastic strain unit.
The section of the guide hole is of a circular structure, and the limit stop is detachably and fixedly connected with the guide rod through threads.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are that:
the bearing type structural design of the foot target unit can ensure that linear displacement between two points on the surface of a test piece is transmitted, and can avoid damage to the U-shaped strain gauge caused by relative torsion of the two foot target units due to bending moment in a plane.
The pin joint mode between the elastic strain unit and the mother rod and the son rod ensures that the circular arc elastic support base plate generates synchronous linear elastic deformation along with the relative motion of the mother rod and the son rod, thereby driving the strain gauge to accurately collect the linear strain between two measuring points of the tested piece.
The design of spacing spout on the female pole and spacing fender protruding on the son pole in this application can ensure that the two only do linear slip in certain limit, avoids elastic element and foil gage to surpass elasticity measurement range and take place to destroy.
The design of the U-shaped clamping groove at the outer end of the spring washer and the female rod in the application is convenient for the test piece to generate the mutual sliding or the disconnection between the positioning foot target and the gauge length female rod when exceeding the larger deformation of the measuring range of the strain gauge, so that the strain gauge is prevented from being pulled to be damaged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic left-view structure of fig. 1.
Number in the figure: 101 is a main rod, 102 is a sub rod, 103 is a guide hole, 104 is a guide rod, 105 is a limit chute, 106 is a limit stop, 107 is a foot target clamping groove, 200 is a foot target unit, 201 is a base, 202 is a connecting rod, 203 is a fastening nut, 204 is a spring washer, 300 is an elastic strain unit, 301 is an elastic support substrate, 302 is a strain gauge, 303 is a wire, 304 is a protective cover, and 305 is a press line nose.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a damage-free U-shaped strain gauge of the present application includes a main rod 101, a sub rod 102, an elastic strain unit 300 and a foot target unit 200, where the sub rod 102 and the main rod 101 are coaxially and linearly slidably sleeved; the two ends of the elastic strain unit 300 are respectively disposed on the sub-rod 102 and the parent rod 101, and detect the linear strain of the sub-rod 102 and the parent rod 101; the outer ends of the son rod 102 and the mother rod 101 are respectively provided with a foot target unit 200, the foot target unit 200 comprises a base 201 and a connecting rod 202, the base 201 and the connecting rod 202 are connected through a bearing, the base and the connecting rod can be respectively connected with an outer ring and an inner ring of the bearing or are respectively a part of the outer ring and the inner ring, so that linear displacement between two points on the surface of a test piece can be ensured to be transmitted, and damage to the U-shaped strain gauge due to relative torsion of the two foot target units caused by bending moment in a plane can be avoided.
The pin target clamping grooves 107 are formed in the outer end portions of the sub rod 102 and the main rod 101, the connecting rods 202 are arranged in the pin target clamping grooves 107 in a matching mode, the connecting rods are fixed in the pin target clamping grooves 107 through the fastening nuts 203, the pin target clamping grooves 107 are bar-shaped slotted holes, and therefore position adjustment between the pin target unit 200 and the sub rod 102 and the main rod 101 can be achieved. Because the measuring range of the strain gauge is limited, when the deformation of a test piece exceeds the measuring range of the strain gauge in the measuring process, the traditional strain gauge can be damaged, so that the requirement can be met by arranging the spring washer 204 between the fastening nut 203 and the foot target clamping groove 107, namely, the fastening nut 203 and the spring washer 204 are used for realizing the fixation of the connecting rod and the movement of the connecting rod 202 under the condition of larger deformation, the fastening nut 203 is tightly pressed against the spring washer 204 with proper force, and the requirement can be generally met by tightly screwing a wire after the fastening nut 203 is close to the foot target clamping groove 107; thereby ensuring that the connecting rod 202 is fixedly arranged with the foot target clamping groove 107 under the action of the spring washer 204 and the fastening nut 203 during normal operation; when the deformation is greater than the strain gauge range, the connecting rod 202 slides relatively in the foot target clamping groove 107, so that the connecting rod is prevented from being pulled out.
When the deformation of the test piece is too large, the structure is insufficient to avoid the damage of the strain gauge, the pin target clamping groove 107 of the sub-rod 102 or the main rod 101 is designed to be of a U-shaped opening structure, and the other pin target clamping groove 107 is still of a long strip Kong Bikou structure, so that when the deformation is large, one pin target unit is separated from the pin target clamping groove, and the whole strain gauge is prevented from bearing the strain acting force.
The elastic strain unit 300 in this embodiment includes an arc-shaped elastic supporting substrate 301, strain gauges 302 and a wire 303, where the strain gauges are matched and attached to the supporting substrate and deform synchronously with the supporting substrate, two ends of the elastic supporting substrate 301 are respectively pivoted with the sub-rod 102 and the main rod 101, a protective cover 304 is arranged outside the strain gauges, and a wire leading-out end is provided with a wire pressing nose 305. Through the pin joint setting, its pin joint pivot can avoid elastic strain unit 300 and mother pole 101 and son pole 102 to the adverse effect of elastic strain unit deformation transmission because of the moment that rigid connection produced, ensure that elastic strain unit 300 can produce linear deformation and by the foil gage response and transmit external data acquisition system in step with deformation guide subassembly, can add certain lubricating oil in the pin joint pivot, the resistance wire and the wire 303 connection of foil gage 302, the wire tip of connecting the resistance wire sets up the line ball nose, the line ball nose can prevent that the foil gage from tearing off from the elastic support base plate and influence deformation response's precision, the safety cover of this embodiment is the same material with the elastic support base plate, can play better guard action to the foil gage.
Further, a guide hole 103 is provided at the inner end of the female lever 101, and a guide lever 104 is provided at the inner end of the male lever 102; the side wall of the guide hole 103 is provided with a limit chute 105, the guide rod is provided with a limit stop 106 corresponding to the limit chute 105, and the length of the limit chute 105 is matched with the measuring range of the elastic strain unit 300. The structural design not only can ensure that the relative linear sliding between the main rod 101 and the auxiliary rod 102 can only be generated and the axial rotation can be avoided, but also can ensure that the relative linear sliding quantity between the main rod 101 and the auxiliary rod 102 is limited and avoid the deformation sensing assembly from being damaged by pulling.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the specific embodiments of this invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, since various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this invention. For example, the limiting stop protrusion is changed into a bolt and a nut is added to form a fastening structure of the bolt and the nut, so that the positioning of the gauge length and the pasting of the foot target are more convenient, or the cross sections of the guide hole and the guide rod are changed into polygons, and the foot target clamping groove of the sub-rod is also changed into an open U-shaped foot target clamping groove, etc. can form a specific embodiment of the invention, and the details are not described here.
Claims (5)
1. A tamper-free U-shaped strain gauge comprising:
a female rod;
the secondary rod and the primary rod are coaxially and slidably sleeved;
the two ends of the elastic strain unit are respectively arranged on the secondary rod and the primary rod, and the linear strain of the secondary rod and the primary rod is detected;
the outer ends of the secondary rod and the primary rod are respectively provided with a foot target unit, the foot target units comprise bases and connecting rods, and the bases and the connecting rods are connected through bearings;
foot target clamping grooves are formed in the outer end parts of the primary rod and the secondary rod, and the connecting rods are arranged in the foot target clamping grooves in a matching mode and are fixed in the foot target clamping grooves through fastening nuts; a spring washer is arranged between the fastening nut and the foot target clamping groove; when in normal operation, the connecting rod is fixedly arranged with the foot target clamping groove under the action of the spring washer and the fastening nut; when the deformation is larger than the measuring range of the strain gauge, the connecting rod slides relatively in the foot target clamping groove; in the two pin target clamping grooves in the son rod and the mother rod, one pin target clamping groove is arranged in a U-shaped opening structure, and the other pin target clamping groove is arranged in a strip-shaped hole structure; or the two pin target clamping grooves are all arranged in a U-shaped opening structure;
the elastic strain unit comprises an arc-shaped elastic support substrate, strain gauges and leads, wherein the strain gauges are arranged on the support substrate in a matched and attached mode and synchronously deform along with the support substrate, and two ends of the elastic support substrate are respectively pivoted with the secondary rod and the primary rod.
2. The damage-free U-shaped strain gauge of claim 1, wherein a protective cover is provided on the outside of the strain gauge, and the wire lead-out terminal is provided with a wire pressing nose.
3. The damage-free U-shaped strain gauge according to claim 1, wherein the inner end of the parent rod is provided with a guide hole, and the inner end of the child rod is provided with a guide rod; and a limit sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the guide hole, and a limit stop block corresponding to the limit sliding groove is arranged on the guide rod.
4. A damage-free U-shaped strain gauge according to claim 3, wherein the length of the limit chute matches the span of the elastic strain cell.
5. A damage-free U-shaped strain gauge according to claim 3, wherein the cross section of the guide hole is circular, and the limit stop is detachably and fixedly connected with the guide rod through threads.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810403260.1A CN108534663B (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | Damage-free U-shaped strain gauge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810403260.1A CN108534663B (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | Damage-free U-shaped strain gauge |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108534663A CN108534663A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
| CN108534663B true CN108534663B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810403260.1A Active CN108534663B (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | Damage-free U-shaped strain gauge |
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| CN (1) | CN108534663B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111879231B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-02-01 | 三峡大学 | High-output-sensitivity concrete surface strain sensor and manufacturing and measuring method thereof |
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| US4019377A (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-04-26 | Rohr Industries, Inc. | Elastomer strain gage |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108534663A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
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