CN108533211A - A kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator - Google Patents
A kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108533211A CN108533211A CN201810443378.7A CN201810443378A CN108533211A CN 108533211 A CN108533211 A CN 108533211A CN 201810443378 A CN201810443378 A CN 201810443378A CN 108533211 A CN108533211 A CN 108533211A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 86
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulators, are related to oil and gas industry technical field of test equipment.The present invention includes leakage blockage simulation cylinder, the leakage blockage simulation cylinder is used to encapsulate the leakage blockage simulation unit of various combination, the leakage blockage simulation unit includes solution cavity analogue unit, results of fracture simulation unit and hole permeability analogue unit, the leakage blockage simulation unit of the various combination refers to one or more leakage blockage simulation unit arbitrarily combined in solution cavity analogue unit, results of fracture simulation unit and hole permeability analogue unit；Different leakage blockage simulation units is subjected to arbitrary combination, and is positioned in leakage blockage simulation cylinder, realizes the simulation to bad ground leakage channel.The simulator of the present invention can simulate permeability, Fractured, hole leakage, while can also carry out more seams, slit, fractured simulation combination, effective simulation to different leakage stratum be realized, to preferably carry out plugging effect evaluation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and gas industry technical field of test equipment, more specifically to a kind of bad ground
Leakage channel simulator realizes plugging effect evaluation for simulating Underwell leakage channel.
Technical field
Leakage is a kind of phenomenon of generally existing during oil, natural gas exploration and development, and the generation of leakage not only causes
The increase of working solution cost, while easily causing the undergrounds complex accidents such as blowout, bit freezing, well slough, part well section can be caused when serious
Or full well section is scrapped, and great economic loss is caused.Leakage generation must have two primary conditions：First, existing in stratum
Leakage channel（Such as hole, crack or solution cavity）；Second is that presence can be such that working solution occurs in leakage channel between pit shaft and stratum
The positive differential pressure of flowing.According to the difference of leakage channel, leakage can be divided into porous leakage, fractured leakage, hole-Fractured
Leakage, hole-fractured leakage, cave leakage etc..After leakage occurs, not due to formation leakage mechanism, leakage channel
Together, the plugging material of use is also not quite similar, and how timely and effectively to block drop ply is a very important job.Therefore,
For the implementation result that the scene of improving blocks, needs to simulate underground situation by experimental rig, verifies the plugging effect of plugging material,
The experimental basis of science is provided for the improvement and optimization of waterproofing.
Foreign countries have been developed that leak stopping evaluation experimental rig early in earlier 1960s, arrive twentieth century 80 years
Dai Mo, the plugging test equipment for having numerous types and different functions are used for theoretical research and plugging operations effect assessment.China
Since middle 1980s, also develops in succession or improve a collection of leak stopping evaluation experiment dress with reference to external experience
It sets, and achieves corresponding achievement.But since plugging material adaptivity is not strong, the leak-proof leak-stopping for lacking more science is commented
Valence experimental technique, circulation problems still without being well solved, especially for how to simulate complicated leakage stratum and to its into
Row leakage blockage simulation assessment is most important.
Indoor widely used plugging test device is mainly API static state leaking stoppage experiment instrument at present, which can be to difference
The fractured leakage stratum of slit width carries out leak stopping evaluation, and the shut-off capacity under different permeability or pore formation also can be evaluated.
However, its maximum disadvantage is to stitch plate than relatively thin（Only 6.4mm）Or sealing agent does not enter crack or passes through crack, difficult
To form effective wall in crack；Secondly, seam harden structure is single, cannot meet Simulated imaging of complex strata evaluation and require.
Invention content
Defect present in for the above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, this application provides a kind of bad ground leakage channel moulds
The simulator of quasi- device, the application can simulate permeability, Fractured, hole leakage, while can also carry out more seams, hole-
Seam, seam-hole simulation combination, realize effective simulation to different leakage stratum, to preferably carry out plugging effect evaluation.
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the application is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator, it is characterised in that：Including leakage blockage simulation cylinder, the leakage blockage simulation cylinder is used for
The leakage blockage simulation unit of various combination is encapsulated, the leakage blockage simulation unit includes solution cavity analogue unit, results of fracture simulation unit and hole
The leakage blockage simulation unit of gap-permeability analogue unit, the various combination refers to, solution cavity analogue unit, results of fracture simulation unit and
One or more leakage blockage simulation unit arbitrarily combined in hole-permeability analogue unit；By different leakage blockage simulation units
Arbitrary combination is carried out, and is positioned in leakage blockage simulation cylinder, realizes the simulation to bad ground leakage channel.
The leakage blockage simulation cylinder includes agent structure, hollow fixed plug and diversion elbow, and the agent structure is a circle
Cylinder sleeve, is internally provided with leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body, and the leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body is used to encapsulate the leak stopping mould of various combination
Quasi-simple member；Described leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body one end is provided with step, and the other end is connect with hollow fixed plug, the diversion elbow
It is connect with hollow fixed plug.
It is connected on the leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body and is provided with sealing fixed ring in one end of hollow fixed plug, it is described hollow
Fixed plug is pressed against sealing fixed ring.
It is provided with " O " type groove in the sealing fixed ring, " O " type rubber ring is placed in " O " type groove.
It uses and is threadedly coupled between the hollow fixed plug and the agent structure of leakage blockage simulation cylinder.
Symmetrical circular hole there are four being set before and after above and below the hollow fixed plug.
The agent structure upper end is provided with concave groove.
Solution cavity analogue unit in the leakage blockage simulation unit is divided into non-reducing solution cavity analogue unit, the simulation of reducing solution cavity
Unit and non-reducing-reducing combine solution cavity analogue unit.
Solution cavity analogue unit ontology is divided into two parts by the solution cavity analogue unit by cut-off rule, i.e. solution cavity simulation is single
First lower half circle and solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle；Intermediate hollow part is solution cavity structure；The solution cavity analogue unit ontology is opened
There is the perforative screw hole of certain amount, is connected solution cavity analogue unit lower half circle with solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle by pan head screw
For an entirety.
The solution cavity diameter of the non-reducing solution cavity analogue unit is fixed, the upper and lower surface of solution cavity analogue unit ontology
Solution cavity diameter it is identical, there are two symmetrical screw threads for the setting of the lower surface of the solution cavity analogue unit ontology of non-reducing solution cavity analogue unit
Hole.
The solution cavity diameter of the upper and lower surface of the solution cavity analogue unit ontology of the reducing solution cavity analogue unit is different,
The upper and lower surface of the solution cavity analogue unit ontology of reducing solution cavity analogue unit is respectively provided with there are two symmetrical threaded hole.
Results of fracture simulation unit in the leakage blockage simulation unit is made of crack fixes sleeve and joint set unit, institute
The shape for stating crack fixes sleeve is cylinder, and the joint set unit is divided into reducing joint set, non-reducing joint set
With the non-reducing combination of reducing-.
The inside of the crack fixes sleeve is cuboid hollow structure, and the upper surface of crack fixes sleeve sets that there are two right
The perforation of title, there are four symmetrical threaded holes for the lower surface setting of crack fixes sleeve.
The crack of the joint set unit is spliced by gasket and partition board；Gasket is divided into plate gasket and six faces
Build gasket, partition board are divided into plate partition board and hexahedron type partition board；Two or more holes are provided on gasket and partition board,
Cover board is equipped with the threaded hole of identical quantity with bottom plate in its corresponding position, and cover board, gasket, partition board, bottom are realized by sunk screw
Fixation between plate.
Different slit widths, the non-reducing results of fracture simulation of different seam numbers can arbitrarily be combined with plate partition board using plate gasket
Unit.
Different slit widths, change can be realized using plate gasket, hexahedron type gasket, plate partition board, hexahedron type partition board
Diameter, reducing are combined with non-reducing, difference stitches the joint set of number.
Hole-permeability analogue unit is filled in a cylinder using packing material in the leakage blockage simulation unit,
According to the filter that the selection of the particle size of packing material is suitable, it is threadedly attached in cylinder upper and lower port position, simulation is oozed
Permeability, porous leakage stratum.
The packing material is one or more combinations in steel ball, sandstone and cobblestone.
Compared with prior art, technique effect beneficial caused by the application is shown：
1, existing plugging test device is only capable of carrying out Simulation evaluation to single drop ply, cannot to stitching more, hole-seam, the complexity such as seam-hole
Leakage stratum carries out simulation combination.The present invention is made of from different drop ply analogue units, it can be achieved that single leakage blockage simulation cylinder
Permeable formation, pore formation, fractured reservoir, the simulation of hole stratum, while by the combination of different analogue units, it is real
Existing various sizes of single seam combination, more seam combinations, fracture hole combination, slit combination etc., for simulating different bad grounds, to
Preferably simulated formation misses situation, realizes effective plugging effect evaluation.
2, present applicant proposes a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator, the device can simulate permeability, Fractured,
Hole is missed, while can also carry out more seams, hole-seam, seam-hole simulation combination, realizes effective simulation to different leakage stratum,
To preferably carry out plugging effect evaluation.Different drop ply analogue units is subjected to arbitrary combination, and is positioned over leakage blockage simulation
In cylinder, the simulation to bad ground leakage channel is realized.
3, in this application, the leakage blockage simulation cylinder is a cylindrical sleeve, and for encapsulating leakage blockage simulation unit, simulation is multiple
Miscellaneous leakage stratum.Leakage blockage simulation cylinder is made of agent structure, sealing fixed ring, hollow fixed plug, diversion elbow.Main body knot
Threaded connector in structure, realization are connect with the blockage testing device arbitrarily to match, and use " O " type seal with elastometic washer；It is built-in
Step, the different leakage blockage simulation units being used to support in fixed leakage blockage simulation cylinder, while can be in built-in step and leakage blockage simulation list
Red copper gasket seal is used between member；Concave groove, convenient for installing and dismounting leakage blockage simulation cylinder in experimentation；Leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body,
For encapsulating different types of leakage blockage simulation unit combination, the simulation of bad ground leakage channel is realized.Sealing fixed ring is positioned over
In leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body, after being placed in leakage blockage simulation unit；It seals fixed ring and is equipped with " O " type groove, for placing " O " type rubber
Circle realizes the sealing between sealing fixed ring and leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body.By hickey, by hollow fixed plug and leak stopping
The connection of cylinder agent structure is simulated, by hollow fixed plug to the squeezing action of sealing fixed ring, is realized to leakage blockage simulation unit
Fixed function；Hollow fixed plug is front and back up and down to be set there are four symmetrical circular hole, hollow solid convenient for installing and dismounting in experimentation
Determine plug.By screw thread, bent sub can be connect with hollow fixed plug, plays guide functions.
4, solution cavity analogue unit in this application can be divided into non-reducing, reducing, the combination of non-reducing, reducing combination, non-change
The solution cavity analogue unit that diameter is combined with reducing.Non- reducing solution cavity analogue unit is divided solution cavity analogue unit by " Z " type cut-off rule
It is segmented into two parts, i.e. solution cavity analogue unit lower half circle and solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle；Intermediate hollow part is non-reducing solution cavity；
Solution cavity analogue unit is provided with the perforative threaded hole of certain amount, and it is whole that two parts are connected as one by Cross Recess Head Screw
Body；Non- reducing solution cavity analogue unit lower surface is set there are two symmetrical threaded hole, after experiment, using corresponding threaded rod by its
It is taken out from leakage blockage simulation cylinder.Solution cavity analogue unit is divided into two parts by reducing solution cavity analogue unit by " Z " type cut-off rule,
That is solution cavity analogue unit lower half circle and solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle；Intermediate hollow part is reducing solution cavity structure；Solution cavity is simulated
Unit is provided with the perforative threaded hole of certain amount, is integral two parts connection by Cross Recess Head Screw；Reducing is molten
Analogue unit upper and lower surface in hole is all provided with there are two symmetrical threaded hole, after experiment, using corresponding threaded rod by it from leak stopping
It is taken out in simulation cylinder.By changing the hollow space in solution cavity analogue unit, using the combination of non-reducing solution cavity, reducing solution cavity group
It closes, the structure that non-reducing is combined with reducing solution cavity, corresponding combination solution cavity analogue unit can be formed.
5, the results of fracture simulation unit of the application is made of crack fixes sleeve and joint set unit.Crack fixing sleeve
Its shape of cylinder is cylinder, and inside is cuboid hollow structure；Cylinder upper surface is set there are two symmetrical non-threaded holes, cylinder
Body lower surface is set there are four symmetrical threaded hole.When two different results of fracture simulation units are combined, hold-down bars spiral shell can be passed through
Line connector is connected with two symmetrical threaded holes in first results of fracture simulation unit lower surface, the non-threaded portion in hold-down bars other end
Divide the non-threaded holes that can be inserted directly into second results of fracture simulation unit upper surface, the mutually fixed effect both to realize；It splits
Stitch remaining two threaded holes in analogue unit lower surface, convenient for after experiment using corresponding threaded rod by it from leakage blockage simulation cylinder
Middle taking-up.Joint set unit can be divided into non-reducing joint set, reducing joint set, reducing and non-reducing joint set shape
Formula.Joint set is characterized in that：Crack is spliced by gasket and partition board；Gasket is divided into plate pad and hexahedron type pad
Piece, partition board are divided into plate partition board and hexahedron type partition board；Be provided with two or more holes on gasket and partition board, cover board with
Bottom plate is equipped with the threaded hole of identical quantity in its corresponding position, is realized between cover board, gasket, partition board, bottom plate by sunk screw
It is fixed；Different slit widths, the different non-reducing results of fracture simulation lists for stitching number can arbitrarily be combined with plate partition board using plate gasket
Member；Different slit widths, reducing, change can be realized using plate gasket, hexahedron type gasket, plate partition board, hexahedron type partition board
Diameter is combined with non-reducing, difference stitches the joint set of number.It is different coarse by being arranged in baffle surface in joint set unit
Degree can simulate smooth and coarse fracture faces.
6, the hole of the application-permeability analogue unit, it is characterised in that：It is filled in using steel ball, sandstone, cobblestone etc.
In cylinder, according to the filter that the selection of filler size is suitable, it is threadedly attached in cylinder upper and lower port position, simulation is oozed
Permeability, porous leakage stratum.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the application leakage blockage simulation cylinder；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the non-reducing solution cavity analogue unit of the application；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the application reducing solution cavity analogue unit；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of crack fixes sleeve in the application results of fracture simulation unit；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the non-reducing results of fracture simulation unit of the application；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the application reducing results of fracture simulation unit；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of two kinds of gaskets in the application results of fracture simulation unit；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of two kinds of partition boards in the application results of fracture simulation unit；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the application hole-permeability analogue unit；
Reference numeral：100, leakage blockage simulation cylinder, 1, agent structure, 2, threaded connector, 3, step, 4, concave groove, 5, leak stopping mould
Quasi- barrel chamber body, 6, internal thread interface, 7. sealing fixed rings, 8, " O " type groove, 9, hollow fixed plug, 10, external screw joint, 11,
Circular hole, 12, internal thread, 13, external screw thread, 14, diversion elbow；15, threaded hole, 16, cut-off rule, 17, solution cavity analogue unit lower half
Circle, 18, solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle, 19, solution cavity structure, 20, pan head screw, 21, crack fixes sleeve, 22, in cuboid
Hollow structure, 23, the upper surface of crack fixes sleeve, 24, perforation, 25, the lower surface of crack fixes sleeve, 26, plate gasket,
27, hexahedron type gasket, 28, plate partition board, 29, hexahedron type partition board, 30, cover board, 31, bottom plate, 32, sunk screw, 33,
Cylinder, 34, filter.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
As the application another embodiment, present embodiment discloses a kind of devices on simulation fracture-porous leakage stratum：
Fracture-Pore misses stratum simulation and results of fracture simulation unit and hole-combined pattern of permeability analogue unit can be selected.Root
Need according to the experiment, as shown in Fig. 4,5,6,7,8, by selecting different gasket and partition to combine, simulate specific fracture width,
The joint set unit of reducing or non-reducing, single seam or more seam combinations, and the joint set unit is put into crack fixes sleeve
In 21, to obtain the results of fracture simulation unit of specific needs；The steel ball for selecting specific dimensions, is filled in cylinder 33,
And 33 upper and lower port position of cylinder is threadedly attached in using the filter 34 to match, meet requirement of experiment to obtain
Specific pore analogue unit.Red copper gasket is placed on the built-in step 3 of leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100, and is sequentially placed into crack mould
Quasi-simple member, hole-permeability analogue unit, wherein crack fixes sleeve upper surface 23 are contacted with red copper gasket.It is solid to be put into sealing
Determine ring 7, and is contacted with porosity analogue unit.Hollow fixed plug 9 is connected with leakage blockage simulation cylinder agent structure 1, and is revolved
Tightly, for fixing the leakage blockage simulation unit in leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100, it is avoided to move during the experiment.It will finally lead
Stream bend pipe 14 is connected with hollow fixed plug 9, plays guide functions during the experiment.It is big according to leakage channel simulator size
It is small, multiple leakage blockage simulation units can be placed in leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body 5, effectively simulated.
Embodiment 2
As the application another embodiment, present embodiment discloses the devices that a kind of simulation fracture misses stratum：Crack
Property leakage stratum simulation can be selected different results of fracture simulation units be combined simulation.According to experiment needs, such as Fig. 4,5,6,7,8
It is shown, by selecting different gaskets and partition to combine, simulate specific fracture width, reducing or non-reducing, single seam or more seams
The joint set unit of combination, and the joint set unit is put into crack fixes sleeve 21, to obtain specific needs
Different results of fracture simulation units.Red copper gasket is placed on the built-in step 3 of leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100, first results of fracture simulation is put into
Unit, wherein 21 upper surface of crack fixes sleeve are contacted with red copper gasket, the symmetrical threaded hole in 25 liang of crack fixes sleeve lower surface
It is connected and fixed stick.Then, it is put into second results of fracture simulation unit, two perforation 24 of crack fixes sleeve upper surface 23 and the
The hold-down bars that the crack fixes sleeve lower surface 25 of one results of fracture simulation unit connects is connected to each other.It is put into and seals fixed ring 7, and with
Second results of fracture simulation unit contact.Hollow fixed plug 9 is connected with 100 agent structure 1 of leakage blockage simulation cylinder, and is screwed,
For fixing the leakage blockage simulation unit in leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100, it is avoided to be moved in experimentation.Finally by diversion elbow
14 are connected with hollow fixed plug 9, play guide functions during the experiment.It, can according to leakage channel simulator size
Multiple analogue units are placed in leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body 5, are effectively simulated.
Embodiment 3
As the application another embodiment, present embodiment discloses the devices that a kind of simulation vug-fracture misses stratum：
Vug-fracture misses stratum simulation and solution cavity analogue unit and the combined pattern of results of fracture simulation unit can be selected.According to experiment
It needs, by selecting different gaskets and partition to combine, simulates specific fracture width, reducing or non-reducing, single seam or more seams
The joint set unit of combination, and the joint set unit is put into crack fixes sleeve 21, to obtain specific needs
Results of fracture simulation unit；According to experiment needs, certain types of solution cavity analogue unit is selected.Red copper gasket is placed in leakage blockage simulation cylinder
On 100 built-in step 3, and it is sequentially placed into solution cavity analogue unit, results of fracture simulation unit, wherein solution cavity analogue unit upper surface
（There are the analogue units of reducing solution cavity, and lower surface may be selected as needed）It is contacted with red copper gasket.It is put into sealing fixed ring 7,
And it is contacted with results of fracture simulation unit.Hollow fixed plug 9 is connected with 100 agent structure 1 of leakage blockage simulation cylinder, and is screwed, is used
In fixed leakage blockage simulation cylinder（Fig. 1）Interior leakage blockage simulation unit, avoids it from being moved in experimentation.Finally by diversion elbow
14 are connected with hollow fixed plug 9, play guide functions during the experiment.It, can according to leakage channel simulator size
Multiple analogue units are placed in leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body 5, are effectively simulated.
Embodiment 4
As the application another embodiment, with reference to Figure of description 1-9, present embodiment discloses：
A kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator, including leakage blockage simulation cylinder, the leakage blockage simulation cylinder is for encapsulating different groups
The leakage blockage simulation unit of conjunction, the leakage blockage simulation unit include solution cavity analogue unit, results of fracture simulation unit and hole-permeability mould
The leakage blockage simulation unit of quasi-simple member, the various combination refers to solution cavity analogue unit, results of fracture simulation unit and hole-permeability
One or more leakage blockage simulation unit arbitrarily combined in analogue unit；Different leakage blockage simulation units is carried out arbitrary group
It closes, and is positioned in leakage blockage simulation cylinder, realize the simulation to bad ground leakage channel.
In the present embodiment, leakage blockage simulation unit can be placed on leakage blockage simulation by one or more solution cavity analogue units
Simulation solution cavity misses stratum in cylinder, can also be that being placed on simulation in leakage blockage simulation cylinder by one or more results of fracture simulation units splits
Seam leakage stratum, can also be there are one or multiple holes-permeability analogue unit be placed in leakage blockage simulation cylinder and simulate hole
Permeable formation can also be by combination, results of fracture simulation unit and the hole-infiltration of solution cavity analogue unit and results of fracture simulation unit
Property the combination of analogue unit, hole-permeability analogue unit and the combination of solution cavity analogue unit, solution cavity analogue unit, crack mould
Vug-fracture leakage stratum is simulated in the combination of quasi-simple member and hole-permeability analogue unit respectively, Fracture-Pore misses stratum,
Hole-solution cavity leakage stratum, vug-fracture-hole leakage stratum etc., realizes the simulation to bad ground leakage channel.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, the leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100 is a cylindrical sleeve, for encapsulating leak stopping mould
Quasi-simple member simulates complicated leakage stratum.Leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100 be by agent structure 1, sealing fixed ring 7, hollow fixed plug 9,
Diversion elbow 14 forms.Threaded connector 2 in agent structure 1, realization is connect with the blockage testing device arbitrarily to match, and is adopted
With " O " type seal with elastometic washer；Built-in step 3, the different leakage blockage simulation units being used to support in fixed leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100, together
When red copper gasket seal can be used between built-in step 3 and leakage blockage simulation unit；Concave groove 4 is torn open convenient for installation in experimentation
Unload leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100；Leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body 5 is realized intricately for encapsulating different types of leakage blockage simulation unit combination
Layer leakage channel simulation.Sealing fixed ring 7 is positioned in leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body, after being placed in leakage blockage simulation unit；Sealing is fixed
Ring 7 is equipped with " O " type groove 8, for placing " O " type rubber ring, realizes between sealing fixed ring 7 and leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body 5
Sealing.By internal thread interface 6 and external screw joint 10, hollow fixed plug 9 is connect with leakage blockage simulation cylinder agent structure 1,
By hollow fixed plug 9 to the squeezing action of sealing fixed ring 7, the fixed function to leakage blockage simulation unit is realized；It is hollow solid
Determine that about 9 plug is front and back to be set there are four symmetrical circular hole 11, convenient for the hollow fixed plug of installing and dismounting in experimentation 9.By interior
Diversion elbow 14 can be connect by screw thread 12 and external screw thread 13 with hollow fixed plug 9, play guide functions.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, solution cavity analogue unit in the present embodiment, can be divided into non-reducing, reducing, non-reducing combination,
The solution cavity analogue unit that reducing combination, non-reducing are combined with reducing.Non- reducing solution cavity analogue unit will by " Z " type cut-off rule 16
Solution cavity analogue unit is divided into two parts, i.e. solution cavity analogue unit lower half circle 17 and solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle 18；In centre
Empty part is non-reducing solution cavity structure 19；Solution cavity analogue unit is provided with the perforative screw hole of certain amount, passes through cross recess coiled hair
Two parts connection is integral by screw 20；Non- reducing solution cavity analogue unit lower surface is set there are two symmetrical threaded hole 15, is convenient for
After experiment, it is taken out from leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100 using corresponding threaded rod.Reducing solution cavity analogue unit passes through " Z " type point
Solution cavity analogue unit is divided into two parts, i.e. solution cavity analogue unit lower half circle 17 and solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle by secant 16
18；Intermediate hollow part is reducing solution cavity structure 19；Solution cavity analogue unit is provided with the perforative screw hole of certain amount, passes through cross
Two parts connection is integral by slot pan head screw 20；The upper and lower surface of reducing solution cavity analogue unit is all provided with there are two symmetrical screw thread
It is taken out from leakage blockage simulation cylinder 100 using corresponding threaded rod after experiment in hole 15.It is single by changing solution cavity simulation
Hollow space in member, the structure combined with reducing solution cavity using the combination of non-reducing solution cavity, the combination of reducing solution cavity, non-reducing, can
Form corresponding combination solution cavity analogue unit.
As shown in Figure 4-8, the results of fracture simulation unit of the present embodiment is by crack fixes sleeve 21 and joint set unit structure
At.Its shape of crack fixes sleeve 21 is cylinder, and inside is cuboid hollow structure 22；The upper surface 23 of crack fixes sleeve
If there are two symmetrical perforation 24, the lower surface 25 of crack fixes sleeve sets that there are four symmetrical threaded holes.When two different
When results of fracture simulation unit is combined, two in hold-down bars threaded connector and first results of fracture simulation unit lower surface can be passed through
Symmetrical threaded hole is connected, and hold-down bars other end unthreaded sections can be inserted directly into wearing in second results of fracture simulation unit upper surface
Hole 24, the mutually fixed effect both to realize；Remaining two threaded holes in results of fracture simulation unit lower surface, after experiment
It is taken out from leakage blockage simulation cylinder using corresponding threaded rod.Joint set unit can be divided into non-reducing joint set, reducing
Joint set, reducing and non-reducing joint set form.The crack of joint set is spliced by gasket and partition board；Gasket point
For plate pad 26 and hexahedron type gasket 27, partition board is divided into plate partition board 28 and hexahedron type partition board 29；Gasket and partition board
On be provided with two or more holes, cover board 30 is equipped with the threaded hole of identical quantity with bottom plate 31 in its corresponding position, passes through
Sunk screw 32 realizes the fixation between cover board 30, gasket, partition board, bottom plate 31；Using plate gasket 26 and plate partition board 28
Different slit widths, the different non-reducing results of fracture simulation units for stitching number can arbitrarily be combined；Using plate gasket 26, hexahedron type gasket
27, plate partition board 28, hexahedron type partition board 29 can realize that different slit widths, reducing, reducing are combined with non-reducing, difference stitches number
Joint set.In joint set unit, by the way that different roughness is arranged in baffle surface, smooth and coarse crack table can be simulated
Face.
As shown in figure 9, the hole of the application-permeability analogue unit, circle is filled in using steel ball, sandstone, cobblestone etc.
In cylinder 33, according to the filter 34 that the selection of filler size is suitable, it is threadedly attached in 33 upper and lower port position of cylinder, mould
Quasi- permeability, porous leakage stratum.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator, it is characterised in that：Including leakage blockage simulation cylinder（100）, the leak stopping mould
Quasi- cylinder（100）Leakage blockage simulation unit for encapsulating various combination, the leakage blockage simulation unit include solution cavity analogue unit, crack
Analogue unit and hole-permeability analogue unit, the leakage blockage simulation unit of the various combination refer to that solution cavity analogue unit is split
Stitch the leakage blockage simulation unit arbitrarily combined one or more in analogue unit and hole-permeability analogue unit；It will be different
Leakage blockage simulation unit carries out arbitrary combination, and is positioned over leakage blockage simulation cylinder（100）In, realize the mould to bad ground leakage channel
It is quasi-.
2. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The leakage blockage simulation cylinder
（100）Including agent structure（1）, hollow fixed plug（9）And diversion elbow（14）, the agent structure（1）For a cylinder
Sleeve is internally provided with leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body（5）, the leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body（5）Leak stopping for encapsulating various combination
Analogue unit；The leakage blockage simulation barrel chamber body（5）One end is provided with step（3）, the other end and hollow fixed plug（9）Connection,
The diversion elbow（14）With hollow fixed plug（9）Connection.
3. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The leakage blockage simulation cylinder
Cavity（5）The upper hollow fixed plug of connection（9）One end in be provided with sealing fixed ring（7）, the hollow fixed plug（9）It squeezes
Push down sealing fixed ring（7）.
4. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The leakage blockage simulation list
It is molten to be divided into non-reducing solution cavity analogue unit, reducing solution cavity analogue unit and non-reducing-reducing combination for solution cavity analogue unit in member
Hole analogue unit.
5. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The solution cavity simulation is single
Member passes through cut-off rule（16）Solution cavity analogue unit ontology is divided into two parts, i.e. solution cavity analogue unit lower half circle（17）And solution cavity
Analogue unit upper semi-circle（18）；Intermediate hollow part is solution cavity structure（19）；The solution cavity analogue unit ontology is provided with centainly
The perforative screw hole of quantity, passes through pan head screw（20）By solution cavity analogue unit lower half circle（17）With solution cavity analogue unit upper semi-circle
（18）It is connected as an entirety.
6. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The leakage blockage simulation list
Results of fracture simulation unit in member is by crack fixes sleeve（21）It is constituted with joint set unit, the crack fixes sleeve（21）
Shape be cylinder, the joint set unit is divided into reducing joint set, non-reducing joint set and the non-reducing group of reducing-
It closes.
7. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The crack fixing sleeve
Cylinder（21）Inside be cuboid hollow structure（22）, the upper surface of crack fixes sleeve（23）If there are two symmetrical perforation
（24）, the lower surface of crack fixes sleeve（25）There are four symmetrical threaded holes for setting.
8. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：The crack group
The crack for closing unit is spliced by gasket and partition board；Gasket is divided into plate gasket（26）With hexahedron type gasket（27）,
Partition board is divided into plate partition board（28）With hexahedron type partition board（29）；Two or more holes are provided on gasket and partition board,
Cover board（30）With bottom plate（31）It is equipped with the threaded hole of identical quantity in its corresponding position, passes through sunk screw（32）Realize cover board
（30）, gasket, partition board, bottom plate（31）Between fixation.
9. a kind of bad ground leakage channel simulator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The leakage blockage simulation list
Hole-permeability analogue unit is to be filled in a cylinder using packing material in member（33）In, according to the grain size of packing material
The suitable filter of size selection（34）, it is threadedly attached in cylinder（33）Upper and lower port position, simulation permeability, porosity
Miss stratum.
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| CN111119873B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-pressure simulation experiment device and method for fracture-cavity rock stratum |
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| CN112414915A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-26 | 山东大学 | Test system and method for simulating tunnel excavation seepage change under complex geological conditions |
| CN112414915B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-07-29 | 山东大学 | Test system and method for simulating tunnel excavation seepage change under complex geological conditions |
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