CN108531844B - Preparation method of rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection - Google Patents

Preparation method of rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection Download PDF

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CN108531844B
CN108531844B CN201810447892.8A CN201810447892A CN108531844B CN 108531844 B CN108531844 B CN 108531844B CN 201810447892 A CN201810447892 A CN 201810447892A CN 108531844 B CN108531844 B CN 108531844B
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steel
temperature oxidation
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rare earth
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CN108531844A (en
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曾德长
罗政
邱兆国
张友生
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Gent Materials Surface Technology Guangdong Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for protecting the surface of H13 steel and a preparation method thereof, the method adopts an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology (AC-HVAF) to spray powder on a substrate (H13 steel) to form a composite coating, the powder comprises Cr3C2-NiCr powder and CeO nanoparticles2Powder, nano CeO2The content of powder doping is 2-8 wt%; the balance being Cr3C2-NiCr powder. The coating prepared by the method has compact tissue, uniform distribution and a flattened structure, and the coating is tightly combined with the boundary. In addition, nano CeO is doped2The structure density of the powder coating is further improved, the porosity is reduced, the defects of fewer unmelted objects, microcracks and the like are overcome, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the wear resistance are better, so that the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the wear resistance of the H13 steel in the using process are improved.

Description

Preparation method of rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-performance metal ceramic composite coatings, in particular to a preparation method of a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection
Background
With the continuous expansion of industrial production scale and the rapid development of technology in the 20 th century, the requirements for long-term effective and stable operation of mechanical parts and equipment under various severe working conditions such as high temperature and high pressure are gradually increased. However, it has been difficult to achieve higher requirements by a simple heat treatment. Data show that the loss caused by equipment failure caused by the failure of key basic parts accounts for 3-5% of GDP in China. Wherein, the failure modes such as surface local wear corrosion account for more than 80 percent, in particular to shaft workpieces, cam connecting rods, chain gears, high-strength bolts and the like which run for a long time under alternating load. Therefore, necessary surface strengthening measures are carried out on the parts, the wear resistance of the parts is improved, the service life and the reliability of the parts are guaranteed, the production quality can be guaranteed, the production cost is reduced, and good economic benefits are obtained.
The overall service life of the die in China is obviously shorter than that of developed countries, and particularly, H13 steel is in service in severe environments of high temperature, high abrasion and high stress, so that the surface of the die is oxidized, abraded, corroded, fatigue cracked and the like, and the service life of the die is greatly shortened. Since H13 steel fails mostly due to surface, surface treatment of the mold is critical to improve its life. The prior H13 steel surface treatment technologies comprise nitriding, hard chrome plating, PVD (physical vapor deposition), CVD (chemical vapor deposition) and the like, which improve the surface performance of the die to a certain extent and prolong the service life of the die. However, these methods also have certain limitations: nitriding and CVD processes need to be carried out at higher temperature, so that deformation of a die is easily caused; the mould with larger size can not be processed by PVD technique due to the limitation of the size of the hearth; cr6+ generated by electroplating hard chromium seriously pollutes the environment. The thermal spraying technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, no pollution, no limitation of the size of a part, small influence of the heating of a substrate and the like, and is more and more widely applied to the surface treatment and repair of the die in recent years.
Rare Earth (RE) elements and their compounds have been widely used in many fields such as optics, electronics, metallurgy and material engineering due to their special physical and chemical properties. The rare earth elements can obviously improve a diffusion mechanism, reduce the growth rate of the oxide film and refine the grain size of the oxide film; on the other hand, the addition of the rare earth element can improve the density of the oxide film, thereby effectively preventing oxygen from entering the coating. Nano CeO2Is the rare earth oxide with the highest activity in the rare earth materials, thereby being opposite to Cr3C2The NiCr coating adopts nano CeO2Doping is expected to be an effective way for improving the high-temperature performance of the alloy.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening and a preparation method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
for H13The rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating for protecting the steel surface is characterized in that the spraying powder of the coating is nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder.
Preferably, the spraying powder comprises 92-98 wt% of Cr by mass percentage3C2-NiCr composite powder and 2-8 wt% of nano CeO2And (3) powder.
Preferably, said Cr3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises, by mass, 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of Cr, and the balance of O; the Cr3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m.
Preferably, the nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
A preparation method of a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for protecting the surface of H13 steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out oil removal and coarsening treatment on the surface of H13 steel;
(2) adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 1-3 h, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 1-3 h;
(3) preheating the spraying powder and H13 steel;
(4) the spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating.
Preferably, the degreasing and roughening treatment of the surface of the H13 steel in the step (1) comprises the following specific steps: the surface of H13 steel is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, and then sandblasted and coarsened by 24-80 # white corundum until the surface roughness is Ra 3-5 mu m.
Preferably, the ball milling in the step (2) is carried out at the rotating speed of 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls have the diameters of 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1.
Preferably, in the step (2), 2% of absolute ethyl alcohol can be added as a process control agent during ball milling.
Preferably, in the step (3), the preheating treatment of the spray powder comprises the following specific steps: drying the spraying powder at 80-120 ℃ for 1-3 hours; the preheating treatment of the H13 steel comprises the following specific steps: preheating H13 steel to 100-150 ℃.
Preferably, the process parameters of the active combustion high-speed gas spraying in the step (3) are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 97-117 Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 102-108 Psi, the air pressure is 105-108 Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 70-80L/min, the powder feeding rate is 10-30%, the spraying distance is 280-360 mm, and the spraying angle is 80-90 degrees.
The invention adopts nano CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder as H13 steel surface protective coating material, wherein the component is Cr3C2The hard phase can keep good red hardness below 900 ℃, and plays a role in high temperature wear resistance in the coating; on one hand, the NiCr phase is used as a bonding phase in the coating to improve the bonding strength and toughness of the coating, on the other hand, the NiCr phase has better high-temperature performance and provides good high-temperature oxidation resistance and thermal fatigue resistance for the coating, and Ni and Cr elements can generate compact oxides at high temperature so as to prevent oxygen elements from further entering the coating; CeO (CeO)2Can be used as heterogeneous nucleation medium to increase nucleation rate and refine crystal grains and structure, and CeO2Can increase Cr at high temperature2O3And NiCr2O4And (4) the density of the oxide.
In order to avoid the oxidation of the composite powder particles during ball milling, the powder preparation needs to be carried out in a glove box; in order to avoid the welding of the powder and the ball milling tank during ball milling, 2 percent of absolute ethyl alcohol can be added as a process control agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the metal ceramic composite coating which is well combined with a matrix and has the performances of high-temperature wear resistance, thermal fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance can be prepared by the method, so that the service life of the H13 steel is obviously prolonged.
(2) Nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2The NiCr composite powder coating has excellent high-temperature wear resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, and can provide good protection for the surface of H13 steel.
(3) Compared with the traditional supersonic flame and plasma spraying, the composite coating prepared by adopting the active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology has lower flame temperature and higher flame flow speed, so that Cr can be effectively prevented3C2Oxidizing and decarbonizing to prepare the coating with high wear resistance, high bonding strength and low porosity.
(4) When the coating is prepared by the active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology, compressed air is adopted to replace oxygen as combustion-supporting gas, so that the production cost can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 4 wt% nano-CeO prepared in example 22The cross-sectional morphology of the doping.
FIG. 2 coatings prepared in examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 and without addition of nano CeO2Graph of friction factor versus time at 800 ℃.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening, and the coating is prepared from nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder. The composite powder is composed of 98 wt% of Cr3C2-NiCr and 2 wt% of nano CeO2Prepared by high-energy ball milling, wherein Cr is3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of Cr and the balance of O. Cr (chromium) component3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m. Nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) the surface of H13 steel is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave, then is blasted by No. 24 white corundum for coarsening, and the surface roughness after blasting is Ra3.6 mu m.
(2) Adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 1h, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 2 h; the ball milling speed is 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls have the diameters of 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1.
(3) Before spraying, nanometer CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr powder was subjected to a baking treatment at 120 ℃ for 2 hours and H13 steel was preheated to 150 ℃.
(4) The spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 117Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 108Psi, the air pressure is 108Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 75L/min, the powder feeding rate is 20%, the spraying distance is 320mm, and the spraying angle is 90 degrees.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening, and the coating is prepared from nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder. The composite powder is composed of 96 wt% of Cr3C2-NiCr and 4 wt% of nano CeO2Prepared by high-energy ball milling, wherein Cr is3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of Cr and the balance of O. Cr (chromium) component3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m. Nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) the surface of H13 steel is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave, then is blasted by No. 24 white corundum for coarsening, and the surface roughness after blasting is Ra3.6 mu m.
(2) Adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 3 hours, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 1 hour; the ball milling speed is 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls have the diameters of 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1.
(3) Before spraying, nanometer CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr powder was subjected to a baking treatment at 120 ℃ for 2 hours and H13 steel was preheated to 150 ℃.
(4) The spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 107Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 105Psi, the air pressure is 105Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 75L/min, the powder feeding rate is 30%, the spraying distance is 280mm, and the spraying angle is 85 degrees.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening, and the coating is prepared from nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder. The composite powder consists of 94 wt% Cr3C2-NiCr and 6 wt% of nano CeO2Prepared by high-energy ball milling, wherein Cr is3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of C and the balance of O. Cr (chromium) component3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m. Nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) the surface of H13 steel is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave, then is blasted by No. 24 white corundum for coarsening, and the surface roughness after blasting is Ra3.6 mu m.
(2) Adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 2 hours, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 3 hours; the ball milling speed is 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls have the diameters of 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1.
(3) Before spraying, nanometer CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr powder was subjected to a baking treatment at 120 ℃ for 2 hours and H13 steel was preheated to 150 ℃.
(4) The spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 117Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 108Psi, the air pressure is 108Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 75L/min, the powder feeding rate is 20%, the spraying distance is 360mm, and the spraying angle is 85 degrees.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening, and the coating is prepared from Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder doped with nano CeO2 powder. The composite powder consists of 92 wt%
The Cr3C2-NiCr and 8 wt% of nano CeO2 are prepared by high-energy ball milling, wherein the Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder comprises 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of C and the balance of O3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m. Nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) the surface of H13 steel is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave, then is blasted by No. 24 white corundum for coarsening, and the surface roughness after blasting is Ra3.6 mu m.
(2) Adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 1h, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 3 h; the ball milling speed is 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls have the diameters of 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1.
(3) Before spraying, nanometer CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr powder was subjected to a baking treatment at 120 ℃ for 2 hours and H13 steel was preheated to 150 ℃.
(4) The spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 117Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 108Psi, the air pressure is 108Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 75L/min, the powder feeding rate is 10%, the spraying distance is 320mm, and the spraying angle is 80 degrees.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening, and the coating is prepared from nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder. The composite powder is composed of 98 wt% of Cr3C2-NiCr and 2 wt% of nano CeO2Prepared by high-energy ball milling, wherein Cr is3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of Cr and the balance of O. Cr (chromium) component3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m. Nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) the surface of H13 steel is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave, and then is coarsened by blasting with 35# white corundum, and the surface roughness after blasting is Ra3 mu m.
(2) Adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 1h, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 2 h; the ball milling speed is 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls are 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm in diameter and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1; 2% absolute ethanol was added as a process control agent.
(3) Before spraying, nanometer CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr powder was subjected to a baking treatment at 80 ℃ for 3 hours and H13 steel was preheated to 150 ℃.
(4) The spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 97Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 102Psi, the air pressure is 106Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 70L/min, the powder feeding rate is 20%, the spraying distance is 320mm, and the spraying angle is 90 degrees.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening, and the coating is prepared from nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder. The composite powder is composed of 96 wt% of Cr3C2-NiCr and 4 wt% of nano CeO2Prepared by high-energy ball milling, wherein Cr is3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of Cr and the balance of O. Cr (chromium) component3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m. Nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) the surface of H13 steel is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave, and then is coarsened by blasting with 55# white corundum, and the surface roughness after blasting is Ra4 mu m.
(2) Adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 3 hours, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 1 hour; the ball milling speed is 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls have the diameters of 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1.
(3) Before spraying, nanometer CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr powder was subjected to a drying treatment at 110 ℃ for 1 hour and H13 steel was preheated to 100 ℃.
(4) The spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 107Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 105Psi, the air pressure is 105Psi, the powder feeding flow rate of nitrogen is 80L/min, the powder feeding rate is 30%, the spraying distance is 280mm, and the spraying angle is 85 degrees.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface strengthening, and the coating is prepared from nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder. The composite powder consists of 94 wt% Cr3C2-NiCr and 6 wt% of nano CeO2Prepared by high-energy ball milling, wherein Cr is3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of C and the balance of O. Cr (chromium) component3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m. Nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) the surface of H13 steel is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave, and then is coarsened by blasting with 80# white corundum, and the surface roughness after blasting is Ra5 mu m.
(2) Adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 2 hours, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 3 hours; the ball milling speed is 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls are 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm in diameter and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1; 2% absolute ethanol was added as a process control agent.
(3) Before spraying, nanometer CeO2Doped Cr3C2-NiCr powder was subjected to a drying treatment at 100 ℃ for 1 hour and H13 steel was preheated to 130 ℃.
(4) The spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 117Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 108Psi, the air pressure is 108Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 75L/min, the powder feeding rate is 20%, the spraying distance is 360mm, and the spraying angle is 85 degrees.
The performance test method of the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps:
and (3) testing the frictional wear performance: friction and abrasion are carried out on a HT-1000 high-temperature friction and abrasion testerDamage test, using a friction pair of 6mm diameter Si3N4The ceramic ball has a test load of 10N, a rotation speed of 400rpm, a temperature of 800 ℃ and a wear time of 30 min.
And (3) testing high-temperature oxidation resistance: the test refers to HB 5258-. The test before and after oxidation was weighed with an analytical balance with a sensitivity of 0.1mg and the oxidative weight gain per unit area of the sample was calculated.
TABLE 1 nanometer CeO2The doping content corresponds to the examples and comparative examples.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001657688330000071
Table 2 shows the results of the performance tests of the coatings of the examples and comparative examples.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001657688330000072
As can be seen from the data in the table, the nano CeO is sprayed2Doped Cr3C2The performances of the-NiCr composite powder and the H13 steel are greatly improved, which shows that the composite coating plays a good role in protecting the H13 steel.
Further observation of the cross-sectional morphology of the cermet composite coating (as shown in FIG. 1) revealed that the cermet composite coating prepared according to the present invention bonded well to the substrate with uniform and dense texture and no significant microcracks and large pores, and in FIG. 2, "- ■ -" shows the change in friction factor at 800 ℃ over time for the coating prepared in comparative example, "- ▲ -" -shows the change in friction factor at 800 ℃ over time for the coating prepared in example 1, "-" shows the change in friction factor at 800 ℃ over time for the coating prepared in example 2, "- ◆ -" -shows the change in friction factor at 800 ℃ over time for the coating prepared in example 3, "- ● -" -shows the change in friction factor at 800 ℃ for the coating prepared in example 4Time-dependent curve. The nano CeO is given in figure 22Doped Cr3C2-NiCr composite coating and undoped nano CeO2Can be seen in the friction factor graph of (a): doped with nano CeO2Of Cr (C)3C2The friction factor of the-NiCr composite coating is obviously smaller than that of the undoped CeO2The friction factor curve of the original coating is smoother, which shows that the nano CeO is doped2The friction coefficient of the coating at high temperature is reduced, and the high-temperature wear resistance is improved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for protecting the surface of H13 steel is characterized in that the spraying powder of the coating is nano CeO2Powder doped Cr3C2-a composite powder of NiCr,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the spraying powder comprises 92-98 wt% of Cr3C2-NiCr composite powder and 2-8 wt% of nano CeO2Powder;
the Cr3C2The NiCr composite powder comprises, by mass, 19-21 wt% of Ni, 9.1-10.1 wt% of C, 68.9-71.9 wt% of Cr, and the balance of O; the Cr3C2The particle size of the-NiCr composite powder is 15-45 mu m;
the nano CeO2The purity of the powder is 99.99%, and the particle size is 5-20 nm.
2. A preparation method of a rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for protecting the surface of H13 steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out oil removal and coarsening treatment on the surface of H13 steel;
(2) adding the prepared powder into a high-efficiency mixer for premixing for 1-3 h, and then adding the uniformly mixed material into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 1-3 h;
(3) preheating the spraying powder and H13 steel;
(4) the spraying powder is sprayed on the surface of H13 steel by adopting an active combustion high-speed gas spraying technology to obtain the rare earth oxide doped high-temperature oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating.
3. The method for preparing the rare earth oxide doped high temperature oxidation and wear resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection according to claim 2, wherein the step (1) of degreasing and roughening the H13 steel surface comprises the following steps: the surface of H13 steel is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, and then sandblasted and coarsened by 24-80 # white corundum until the surface roughness is Ra 3-5 mu m.
4. The method for preparing the rare earth oxide doped high temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection according to claim 2, wherein the ball milling in the step (2) is performed at a rotation speed of 50 r/min; stopping the ball milling process for 5min every 30min in the ball milling process; the grinding balls have the diameters of 15mm, 10mm, 6mm and 5mm and are matched according to the mass ratio of 1:4:2: 1.
5. The method for preparing the rare earth oxide doped high temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), 2% of absolute ethyl alcohol can be added as a process control agent during ball milling.
6. The preparation method of the rare earth oxide doped high temperature oxidation and wear resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preheating treatment of the spray powder in step (3) comprises the following specific steps: drying the spraying powder at 80-120 ℃ for 1-3 hours; the preheating treatment of the H13 steel comprises the following specific steps: preheating H13 steel to 100-150 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the rare earth oxide doped high temperature oxidation and wear-resistant coating for H13 steel surface protection according to claim 2, wherein the process parameters of the active combustion high-speed gas spraying in the step (3) are as follows: the fuel type is propane, the pressure of the fuel I is 97-117 Psi, the pressure of the fuel II is 102-108 Psi, the air pressure is 105-108 Psi, the powder feeding flow of nitrogen is 70-80L/min, the powder feeding rate is 10-30%, the spraying distance is 280-360 mm, and the spraying angle is 80-90 degrees.
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