CN108525166A - It is a kind of to utilize the foam production method of liquid nitrogen and its application and extinguishing method - Google Patents
It is a kind of to utilize the foam production method of liquid nitrogen and its application and extinguishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108525166A CN108525166A CN201710645950.3A CN201710645950A CN108525166A CN 108525166 A CN108525166 A CN 108525166A CN 201710645950 A CN201710645950 A CN 201710645950A CN 108525166 A CN108525166 A CN 108525166A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
- A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
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- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses foam production method and its application in fire extinguishing and extinguishing method.The foam production method includes mixing liquid nitrogen with foaming substance foaming substance is made to generate foam.Foam production method provided by the invention, for the first time in such a way that the gas generated in situ by liquid nitrogen is mixed with foaming substance, since the volume ratio of the gas volume and the liquid nitrogen of liquid nitrogen generation is higher, so as to substantially reduce the volume of a container of storage liquid nitrogen, the storage facilities of small size can replace huge air compressor or air compressor unit.Meanwhile the present invention participates in frostproof froth n using liquid nitrogen, and nitrogen can be released after lather collapse, nitrogen can also play the role of inhibiting burning on combustible substance surface, help speed up putting out for fire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to foam production method and its application in fire extinguishing and extinguishing method.
Background technology
Existing compressed air foam fire extinguishing is mainly mixed using high pressure gas with foam mixing liquid by the way of generation foam
It puts out a fire.Specific foam fire-fighting mode mainly has the fire extinguishing of type voltage regulation compressed air foam and two kinds of sides of air storing type foam fire-fighting
Formula.Wherein, the mode of compressed air foam fire extinguishing generally use gas compressor, high pressure gas pipe network or compressed gas cylinder into
Row gas supply, and gas compressor and compressed gas cylinder air demand are limited, cannot be satisfied big flow, high pressure, supply for a long time
Requirement, and most place does not have high pressure gas pipe network.And if need to realize that big flow, high pressure, long-time supply, and need
Be arranged multiple compressors or compressed gas cylinder (such as by taking the foam truck of a flow 150L/S as an example, the supply stream of gas
Amount is at least 1050L/s, and gas supply is needed by more large-scale air compressor machine supply), occupied space is big, in oil depot tank field, device
Area does not often have the space of arrangement, is unfavorable for site layout project.
Another air storing type foam fire-fighting usually stores compressed gas in foamite container, when big flow is sprayed, pressure
Contracting gas will be consumed largely, at this time to ensure the high-pressure injection of extinguishing chemical, then need to supplement compressed gas into foamite container in time
Body, and under big flow spray regime, only lean on air compressor machine and compressed gas cylinder that can not ensure enough benefits of compressed gas at all
It fills, leads to not effectively realize high-pressure injection requirement, carried out as injection is lasting, the pressure in container significantly reduces, spumescence
It can gradually be deteriorated, influence extinguishing effect.When carrying out fire disaster fire extinguishing, then need to produce big flow high-foaming fire-extinquishing, this
When foams mix flow quantity improve, the air demand of compressed gas also needs to increase therewith, and existing gas supply mode can not be real
The supply of existing big-flow high-pressure compressed gas, the maximum foam mixing flow quantity only 15 of current compression gas bubble fire fighting truck~
20L/s is mainly used in the fire attack of general scale, such as building fire, ground small range trickling fire at present, can not
Application in large-scale storage tank fire or large-scale ground spill fire.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to overcome defect existing for existing high pressure gas supply technology, a kind of new generation is provided
The method of foam, this method can obtain larger amount of foam by smaller equipment, and by this method for when putting out a fire,
With higher fire-fighting efficiency.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of foam production method, this method include by liquid nitrogen with
Foaming substance mixes.
Second aspect of the present invention provides application of the above method in a variety of places are put out a fire.
Third aspect present invention additionally provides a kind of extinguishing method, and this method generates bubble using above-mentioned foam production method
Then foam puts out a fire foam output.
Foam production method provided by the invention is mixed using the gas generated in situ by liquid nitrogen with foaming substance for the first time
Mode, since the volume ratio of the gas volume and the liquid nitrogen of liquid nitrogen generation is higher, so as to substantially reduce storage liquid nitrogen
Volume of a container, the storage facilities of small size can replace huge air compressor or air compressor unit.
By the method for the above-mentioned generation foam of the present invention for when putting out a fire, fire-fighting equipment fast response time can be in the short time
It inside responds rapidly to generate bulk gas, the gas supply sides such as traditional air compressor machine, compressed gas cylinder, high pressure gas pipe network can be replaced
Formula, and disclosure satisfy that the demand for generating big-flow high-pressure gas supply needed for big flow high expansion foam, it puts out a fire for compressed air foam
The injection of the big flow of system and air storing type froth fire extinguishing system provides enough tolerance, realizes effective in fire disaster fire extinguishing
Using；And it since service life is long, strong without exterior power, capacity of working on one's own, avoids when big flow sprays demand
It need to be equipped with the big situation of multiple air compressors, compressed gas cylinder occupied space, occupy little space, be arranged flexibly, convenient for scene
The development of arrangement and fire-fighting work.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram according to foams mix device used in a kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the flow spoiler of pyramidal structure；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the flow spoiler of hemispherical dome structure；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the flow spoiler of platform structure.
Specific implementation mode
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
In the present invention, foam is generated by mixing liquid nitrogen with foaming substance.That is, the present invention is by using liquid nitrogen
Conventional compressed air is replaced as gas source to reduce the volume of required gas device when needing big flow foam.Due to
Liquid nitrogen can generate rapidly gas and the gas of generation can advantageously mix generation bubble, and the expansion of liquid nitrogen with foaming substance
Than being usually the liquid nitrogen of 700 or so namely 1 volume the nitrogen of about 700 volumes can be usually provided, the gas generated by liquid nitrogen
Volume greatly increases compared with liquid nitrogen itself, and the compression ratio of conventional compressed air is no more than 20, it is possible thereby to identical obtaining
Greatly reduce the volume of gas source in the case of the gas of amount, therefore directly liquid nitrogen can be used as gas source and foaming substance
It mixes to generate foam, without the nitrogen first in foam device outer grip liquid nitrogen gasification, then that gasification is obtained as the prior art
Pneumatic transmission, which enters, to be mixed with foaming substance in foam device, and the volume of device is thus greatly reduced, improve the flexibility of device with
Application places are widened.
In the present invention, ratio, that is, expansion ratio of the volume of the gas generated by liquid nitrogen and the volume of liquid nitrogen itself is up to 500
More than, the volume of gas source can be substantially reduced thereby using the liquid nitrogen compressed air conventional as gas source replacement, to subtract
The volume of small mixing arrangement.And the compression ratio for being currently used for the compressed air of compressed air foam system is typically less than 20.
Since i.e. gasification is gas to liquid nitrogen under common room temperature environment, there is no need to operation bidirectionals can be obtained gas.
By taking 10 ten thousand stere storage tank gross area fire of putting out a fire to save life and property as an example, come comparative analysis suction type foam (air suction type foam),
By the compressed air foam of liquid nitrogen gas supply and the configuring condition of the compressed air foam by compressor set gas supply.
(1) for suction type froth fire extinguishing system, based on external fire extinguishing case and《Japanese fire service law》、API、
The recommendation of the internal authorities such as LASTFIRE standard criterion and storage tank fire research tissue, for 10 ten thousand stere storage tank gross areas
Fire is puted out a fire to save life and property, and the supply intensity of foam mixing liquid at least needs 9L/min.m2, foams mix flow quantity at least needs 45216L/
Min, attack time at least needs 60min, and in terms of minimum value, the consumption of foam mixing liquid is 2712m3。
(2) for compressor gas supplied compressed air foam fire extinguishing system, it is considered that compressed air foam fire extinguishing system
Required foam supply capacity is the 1/4 of suction type froth fire extinguishing system, but going out due to 10 ten thousand stere storage tank gross area fire
Fiery area is larger, the large scale food tray fire fighting test data of inventor according to the present invention, and foam supply capacity is appropriate
For 5.4L/min.m2, foams mix flow quantity is 27130L/min.It is target with coefficient of foaming 7, air demand should be at least
190m3/ min, in addition loss amount, air demand is not less than 200m3/min.According to current large air compressor unit gas supply capacity (20-
28m3/ min), then it needs to configure 7-10 platform large size air compressor machine parallel connections and is supplied, the floor space about 5-6m of every air compressor machine2,
Then total floor space of air-compressor set is 35-70m2.Attack time is 60min, and the consumption of foam mixing liquid is 1627m3.Its
Described in large scale food tray fire fighting test refer to lighting diesel oil in the oil sump of diameter 21m, formed gross area fire, then
Using fixed froth installation into food tray spray foam, carry out fire extinguishing test.
(3) for the compressed air foam fire extinguishing system of liquid nitrogen gas supply, foam supply capacity is also 5.4L/min.m2, bubble
Foam mixing flow quantity is 27130L/min.It is target with coefficient of foaming 7, air demand should be at least 190m3/ min, in addition loss
Amount, air demand are not less than 200m3/min.Air demand is 12000m in 60min3, volume is 710 times after liquid nitrogen gasification, so required
Amount of liquid nitrogen is 17m3.Practical attack time is 60min, and the consumption of foam mixing liquid is 1627m3.The volume of one liquid nitrogen tank car
Usually 25m3, floor space is approximately 10 ㎡.After the liquid nitrogen tank car is fully loaded with liquid nitrogen, the sustainable supply time is 88min.Specific comparison
Such as the following table 1.
Table 1
It can be seen that the field that can be greatly reduced using liquid nitrogen plenum system of the present invention needed for air feed equipment from above-mentioned comparison
Ground area reduces gas supply difficulty so that large area fire extinguishing is possibly realized.
It, should although partial gasification can also occur in the transmission process before being mixed with foaming substance for liquid nitrogen generates gas
Portion gas amount is fewer, most of gas be in foaming substance contact process generate and be mixed into immediately with foaming substance
Row foaming, and the portion gas can also participate in foaming, therefore still in the range of " instant " generation gas of the invention.
According to the present invention, reduce foam device volume in order to realize, gas is generated with the existing pre- external world that first passes through, then
The mode that gas is mixed with foaming substance is mutually distinguished, it is clear that as long as having used aforesaid way that the purpose can be realized.For example, can
By a part of gas using providing in a manner of existing, another part gas using it is of the present invention generate immediately by the way of provide,
Therefore the present invention both can have portion gas to be generated outside foam device in advance, then gas is mixed with foaming substance, can also
All gas is generated by the mode generated immediately.Namely gas of the present invention for foaming both can be a part of by existing side
Formula provides, and by liquid nitrogen, gasification provides another part in situ, can also all be provided by the gasification of liquid nitrogen original position.In order to greatest extent
The advantage for reducing gas storage device volume is played, the more preferable 100 volume %'s of at least 20 volume % preferably at least 60 volume %
The gas is generated immediately by liquid nitrogen gasification.That is, in the present invention, at least partly refer at least 20 volume % such as 25 volume %,
30 volume %, 35 volume %, 40 volume %, 45 volume %, 50 volume %, 55 volume %, 60 volume %, 65 volume %, 70 bodies
Product %, 75 volume %, 80 volume %, 85 volume %, 90 volume %, 95 volume %, 100 volume %.
That is, in the present invention, by liquid nitrogen and foaming substance hybrid mode can be it is direct with the foaming substance respectively with
Liquid flow form contact mode, can also be by the liquid nitrogen carry out partly or entirely gasify after with the foaming substance respectively
In such a way that fluid stream form contacts.Preferably, 20 are more preferably after the liquid nitrogen gasification within 10 minutes within preferably 60 seconds
Still more preferably it is to be mixed with foaming substance within 10 seconds within second.
Mixed condition is not particularly limited, common environment temperature.Preferably, the condition of the mixing includes
Mixing temperature is -10 DEG C to 60 DEG C.That is, the liquid nitrogen and the foaming substance can be in -10 DEG C to 60 DEG C of conditions
Lower mixing.Foam is formed due to being mixed with foaming substance after liquid nitrogen gasification, the mixed time is without being particularly limited to.
Preferably, liquid nitrogen is mixed with 1MPa or more, the preferably pressure of 1-2MPa with foam mixing liquid；Foam mixing liquid with
0.8MPa or more, the preferably pressure of 0.8-1.5MPa are mixed with liquefied medium.
According to experimental results, the volume ratio of foaming substance and liquid nitrogen is in 80-160:Quality can be obtained in 1 range more
Good compressed air foam.Preferably, the volume ratio of foaming substance and liquid nitrogen is 90-130:1.The quality of compressed air foam is more
Refer to that foam duration is longer, more difficult rupture well, to which extinguishing effect is more preferable.
It was found by the inventors of the present invention that the foaming substance is foam mixing liquid, the flow of liquid nitrogen and foaming substance meets
Good compressed air foam can be realized when following relationships：L=mV/nf.Wherein, L is the volume flow of liquid nitrogen, and m is setting
Coefficient of foaming, for value generally within the scope of the preferred 5-20 of 5-200 more preferably within the scope of 6-8, V is the volume flow of foaming substance
Amount, n are the volume expansion ratio of liquid nitrogen, and f is line loss, and value is within the scope of 1-1.4.The wherein volume flow V of foaming substance
According to fire area by《Froth fire extinguishing system design specification》(GB50151-2010) it determines.The volume expansion ratio n of liquid nitrogen refers to
The ratio of nitrogen volume and the liquid nitrogen volume before expansion after expansion.
When using liquid nitrogen be gas source, foam mixing liquid is foaming substance, foam mixing liquid is main room temperature fluid, with
After liquid nitrogen mixing, foam mixing liquid can fully exchange heat with liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen Quick-gasifying in foam mixing liquid fluid, and join immediately
With foaming.After liquid nitrogen gasification, because flow is very big, fluid temperature reduces seldom foam mixing liquid, completely negligible, does not influence foam
Quality.Even if liquid nitrogen is with foam mixing liquid first contacts, foam mixing liquid may will produce a small amount of ice quarrel, but in subsequent flowing
In, ice quarrel can melt quickly, not influence foaming and foam jet completely.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, the foaming substance are foam dope, and the mode of the mixing includes
The liquid nitrogen, foaming substance and water are respectively contacted in the form of the liquid stream.Preferably, the body of the liquid nitrogen and foaming substance and water
Product is than being 1：1-10：50-300, preferably 1：3-7：80-160.
Wherein foam dope is protein foam concentrate, fluoro-protein foam concentrate, aqueous foam-forming solution, water base foam liquid, resists molten fluorine
Protein foam concentrate, anti-molten aqueous foam-forming solution etc., typically contain the additives such as a variety of surfactants, stabilizer.
In the present invention, the mixing can it is various can realize mix and make in the devices of foaming substance frothing function into
Row, it is preferable that for the mixing arrangement as shown in Figure 1, the mixing arrangement can be mixing arrangement, which includes having
The foam producer 1 of mixing chamber, the mixing chamber have for inputting the foaming substance entrance 11 of foaming substance, for inputting liquid
The liquid nitrogen entrance 12 of nitrogen and foam outlet 13 for foam output；Wherein, in the mixing chamber, liquid nitrogen and foaming substance
It mixes and gasifies, with the foam from the output of the foam outlet 13 for fire extinguishing.
Flowmeter, pressure gauge and control valve can be arranged at each mouthful to control foaming substance entrance 11 and liquid nitrogen to enter
The flow proportional of mouth 12.
As shown in Figure 1, foam producer 1 is tubular structure, one end of the tubular structure is provided at least one foamed
The other end of matter entrance 11, tubular structure is provided at least one foam outlet 13, liquid nitrogen entrance 12 and foaming substance entrance 11
Angled setting so that two kinds of liquid also have certain cross flow one, can generate rapids while inputting mixing chamber
The mixed effect for flowing and having had.
Preferably, there are one the settings of foaming substance entrance 11, liquid nitrogen entrance 12 is provided with one around foaming substance entrance 11
A or multiple, the angle between the direction of each liquid nitrogen entrance 12 and the direction of the foaming substance entrance 11 is 0 ° -90 °, more
Preferably 30 ° -60 °.In embodiment as shown in Figure 1, there are one the settings of liquid nitrogen entrance 12；In other embodiment, liquid nitrogen enters
Mouth 12 can be provided with multiple around foaming substance entrance 11.
In the case where foaming substance entrance 11, liquid nitrogen entrance 12 and foam outlet 13 are each provided with one, the tubular knot
Relationship between the diameter D1 of structure and the diameter D2 of foaming substance entrance 11 is：D1/D2=1.1-4, preferably D1/D2=1.4~
2.0；Relationship between the diameter D2 and the diameter D3 of the liquid nitrogen entrance (12) of the foaming substance entrance (11) is：D2/D3
=4-10；Relationship between the diameter D1 and the diameter D4 of the foam outlet (13) of the tubular structure is：D1/D4=0.8-
2, preferably D1/D4=0.8~1.2.Diameter by controlling each opening meets above-mentioned relation, is not necessarily to additional control device
Aforementioned flow relationship is realized, so that foaming is more abundant, to the foam quality higher obtained.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that foaming substance entrance 11, liquid nitrogen entrance 12 and foam outlet 13 are not
It is limited to be arranged as described above, it, can be to foaming substance entrance 11, liquid nitrogen entrance 12 and foam to reach better mixed effect
Various changes or deformation are made in the setting of outlet 13.
For example, in other embodiment, foaming substance entrance 11 can be arranged one, and liquid nitrogen entrance 12 surrounds foamed
Matter entrance 11 is provided with multiple, and the direction of multiple liquid nitrogen entrances 12 deviates from radial direction successively in the horizontal so that liquid nitrogen
The liquid stream that entrance 12 enters being capable of rotational flow.Wherein, direction of the tubular structure of foam producer 1 from one end to the other end is
It is longitudinal, it is the transverse direction with longitudinally perpendicular direction.
In addition, foam outlet 13 may also set up multiple, for being separately connected injection line, generated to pass through foam
Device 1 is sprayed to multiple directions.
Preferably to control the flow direction of the liquid nitrogen entered from liquid nitrogen entrance 12, liquid nitrogen entrance 12, which can be arranged, stretches to the mixing chamber
Interior input pipe 16 (as shown in Figure 1).
In addition, in present embodiment, it is provided in the mixing chamber of foam producer 1 for disturbing at least one of liquid stream
Flow spoiler 14.
Wherein, flow spoiler 14 is formed as pyramidal structure (such as Fig. 2), hemispherical dome structure (such as Fig. 3), platform structure (as schemed
Or the structure of other irregular shapes 4).The taper top of the pyramidal structure, the dome or described of the hemispherical dome structure
The deck roof of platform structure is facing towards foaming substance entrance 11.
Preferably, the cross section of flow spoiler 14 is circular configuration, diameter D7 and the foaming substance entrance 11 of flow spoiler 14
Relationship between diameter D2 is：D7/D2=1-4, preferably D7/D2=1.0~1.6.The top of flow spoiler 14 is with liquid nitrogen in liquid nitrogen
The distance between outflux at entrance 12 L is 0-100mm.Under the preferred embodiment, mixed material can form turbulent flow, to
Keep gas-liquid mixed more abundant, obtains the higher foam of quality.
Mounting portion 141 for being fixed in mixing chamber can be set on flow spoiler 14.Such as the taper flow spoiler shown in Fig. 1
14, which is installed as taper top towards foaming substance entrance 11, and the liquid stream for being mixed with the foaming substance of liquid nitrogen is rushed at and disturbed
Device 14 is flowed, liquid stream can be smashed so that flow disturbance, to which liquid nitrogen and foaming substance are sufficiently mixed, to obtain uniform in foaming, performance
Good foam.
Certainly, 14 set-up mode of flow spoiler is also not necessarily limited to, as described above, for example, multiple flow spoilers can be arranged, be distributed in mixed
Close the different location of intracavitary, and any type of flow spoiler that can play the role of flow-disturbing to liquid stream.
In present embodiment, at least one spaced orifice plate or silk are additionally provided in the mixing chamber of foam producer 1
The porous structures 15 such as net are provided with multiple holes on each porous structure 15；The hole of porous structure 15 towards foaming substance entrance 11,
And the top of the flow spoiler 14 relatively of porous structure 15 is far from foaming substance entrance 11.The liquid stream smashed by flow spoiler 14, from flow-disturbing
Porous structure 15 is rushed at around device 14, further liquid stream can be disturbed by porous structure 15, it is made further to mix.
In specific application, foaming substance entrance 11 can connect the container for holding foaming substance to the mixing arrangement, or
Person's connection is for mix-froth stoste and water to obtain the stoste mixer 2 of foaming substance；Liquid nitrogen entrance 12 can connect (for example)
Liquid nitrogen container or liquid nitrogen tank car.
Foam producer 1 foam outlet 13 can connection length be more than 40m pipeline, liquid nitrogen and foaming substance are in foam
In generator 1 after mixing, it is made by length to be more than the pipeline of 40m to jet port, when being flowed in this pipeline, liquid nitrogen
Also progress is fully mixed repeatedly with foaming substance, before ejection, stable foam of good performance will be formed.
Above-mentioned mixing arrangement may be provided on fire-extinguishing apparatus, for example, on fire extinguisher, fire-fighting foams vehicle or high-jetting vehicle.It is described
Fire-extinguishing apparatus generates foam by the mixing arrangement, can generate big flow foam, and occupy little space.
The foam production method of the present invention can be adapted for the various occasions for needing to generate foam, such as puts out a fire, is heat-insulated anti-
Shield, food production, acoustic material production etc..Specific fire extinguishing can be that the fire extinguishing of the production facilities such as chemical enterprise, oil depot, refinery disappears
Runway protection etc. of the anti-and aircraft when airfield runway force-lands.
A kind of specific implementation mode according to the present invention, when which is used to put out a fire, foam pattern such as Fig. 1
Shown, foaming substance entrance 11 connects stoste mixer 2, and stoste mixer 2 has the stoste entrance for inputting foam dope
21 and the water inlet 22 for inputting water, foam dope and water enter stoste mixing from stoste entrance 21 and water inlet 22 respectively
It is mixed in device 2 and can get foaming substance, then foaming substance is entered from foaming substance entrance 11 in foam producer 1.To obtain
The foam mixing liquid for obtaining suitable concentration, need to control the feed flow of foam dope and water to stoste mixer 2, this can also be in original
The controls such as flowmeter and control valve are arranged in liquid entrance 21 and water inlet 22.
In present embodiment, it is preferable that the diameter D6 of the water inlet 22 of the stoste mixer 2 and diameter D5 of stoste entrance 21
Between relationship be：D6/D5=8-14；Relationship between the diameter D6 of water inlet 22 and the diameter D2 of foaming substance entrance 11
For：D6/D2=1.0-1.4.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.In following embodiment, fire-fighting efficiency and foam quality
Using《Fire foam standard》(GB15308-2006) method recorded is evaluated.
In following embodiment, unless otherwise indicated, each raw material is commercially available product.
Embodiment 1
Mixing is carried out using mixing arrangement shown in FIG. 1 and generates foam, wherein mixing arrangement has for making liquid nitrogen and bubble
The wall surface of the mixing chamber of foam mixed liquor mixing, the mixing chamber is equipped with 1 foam dope import, 1 liquid nitrogen import and 1 foam
Outlet, foam outlet and foam mixing liquid import are located at the both ends of tubular structure.The diameter D2 of foam mixing liquid import with
Relationship between the diameter D3 of gas feed is：D2/D3=8, the diameter D1 of tubular structure and the diameter D2 of foam dope import
Between relationship be：D1/D2=1.4, the relationship between the diameter D1 of tubular structure and the diameter D4 of foam outlet are：D1/D4
=1.2, flow spoiler is provided in mixing chamber, and the flow spoiler is formed as conical structure shown in Fig. 2, the conical structure
Taper top towards the foaming substance import, the cross section of the flow spoiler is circular configuration, the diameter D7 of the flow spoiler
Relationship between the diameter D2 of the foaming substance import is：D7/D2=1.2, the top of flow spoiler and liquid nitrogen are in inlet
The distance between outflux L be 10mm.Liquid nitrogen storage tank and foams mix flow container connect each by pipeline and Liqiud-gas mixing device
Logical, the angle between the direction and the direction of foam mixing liquid entrance of the liquid nitrogen pipes entrance is 10 °.
With 2m31.5m is stored in foams mix liquid storage tank3Foam mixing liquid (is purchased from 3% type MJPZ of Jiangsu Jiang Ya companies
Foam liquid product) for, woven hose caliber is DN25, operating pressure 1.2MPa in foam mixing liquid Tank, work in liquid nitrogen container
It is 2MPa to make pressure.
For 4.52m3GB standard food tray fire, according to《Froth fire extinguishing system design specification》(GB50151-2010),
The foams mix flow quantity V=11.4L/min of required offer.The flow of liquid nitrogen is determined according to formula L=mV/nf, wherein setting
Coefficient of foaming m=7, n=710, f=1.01 thereby determine that the flow of liquid nitrogen is 0.11L/min, by liquid nitrogen and foam mixing liquid
It is sent into mixing arrangement shown in Fig. 2 with above-mentioned flow and carries out mixing generation foam, foam is sprayed from the foam outlet of mixing arrangement
It projects and is delivered to fire extinguishing region and put out a fire, as a result successfully put out 4.52m3GB standard food tray fire, attack time only needs
100s is far above same foam, is sprayed using liquid nitrogen instead of realizing the big flow of compressed air foam fire-extinguishing apparatus after air compressor machine
It penetrates.Using《Fire foam standard》(GB15308-2006) it is 7.1 that the method recorded, which measures actual frostproof froth n multiple,
25% drainage time is 3min.
Embodiment 2
Mixing is carried out using mixing arrangement shown in FIG. 1 and generates foam, wherein mixing arrangement has for making liquid nitrogen and bubble
The wall surface of the mixing chamber of foam mixed liquor mixing, the mixing chamber is equipped with 1 foam mixing liquid import, 1 liquid nitrogen import and 1 bubble
Foam outlet, foam outlet and foam mixing liquid import are located at the both ends of tubular structure.The diameter D2 of foam mixing liquid import
Relationship between the diameter D3 of gas feed is：D2/D3=10, the diameter of the diameter D1 and foam dope import of tubular structure
Relationship between D2 is：D1/D2=2, the relationship between the diameter D1 of tubular structure and the diameter D4 of foam outlet are：D1/D4
=1.2, flow spoiler is provided in mixing chamber, and the flow spoiler is formed as hemispherical dome structure shown in Fig. 3, the hemispherical dome structure
Dome towards the foaming substance import, the cross section of the flow spoiler is circular configuration, the diameter D7 of the flow spoiler
Relationship between the diameter D2 of the foaming substance import is：D7/D2=1.6, the top of flow spoiler and liquid nitrogen are in inlet
The distance between outflux L be 30mm.Liquid nitrogen storage tank and foams mix flow container connect each by pipeline and Liqiud-gas mixing device
Logical, the angle between the direction and the direction of foam mixing liquid entrance of the liquid nitrogen pipes entrance is 30 °.
With 20m315m is stored in foams mix liquid storage tank3For foam mixing liquid (same as Example 1), woven hose caliber
For DN150, the operating pressure 0.8MPa in foams mix liquid storage tank, the operating pressure in liquid nitrogen container is 1.5MPa.
For 450m25000 cubic metres of tank fires, according to《Froth fire extinguishing system design specification》(GB50151-
2010), the foams mix flow quantity V=3000L/min of required offer.The flow of liquid nitrogen is determined according to formula L=mV/nf,
Middle setting coefficient of foaming m=8, n=710, f=1.17 thereby determine that the flow of liquid nitrogen is 28.9L/min, by liquid nitrogen and foam
Mixed liquor, which is sent into above-mentioned flow in mixing arrangement shown in Fig. 2, carries out mixing generation foam, foam of the foam from mixing arrangement
Outlet is delivered to fire extinguishing region by foam output device after ejecting and puts out a fire, and as a result successfully puts out 450m2It is 5000 vertical
Square rice tank fire only needs 25s, realizes the big flow injection of compressed air foam fire-extinguishing apparatus, and attack time disappears more than existing
The attack time of anti-equipment is short.It determines that frostproof froth n multiple is 7.2 using method same as Example 1, measures 25% analysis liquid
Time is 3min.
Embodiment 3
It carries out generating foam and fire extinguishing according to the method for embodiment 2, unlike, the flow of liquid nitrogen is 22L/min.As a result
Attack time is extended for 55s.
Embodiment 4
Carry out generating foam and fire extinguishing according to the method for embodiment 2, unlike, the diameter D2 of foam mixing liquid import with
Relationship between the diameter D3 of gas feed is：D2/D3=3.As a result attack time is extended for 95s.Using same as Example 1
Method to measure practical foam coefficient of foaming be 4.2,25% drainage time is 1.5min.
Embodiment 5
It carries out generating foam and fire extinguishing according to the method for embodiment 2, unlike, top and the liquid nitrogen of flow spoiler 14 are entering
The distance between outflux at mouth 12 L is 150mm.As a result attack time is extended for 75s.Using side same as Example 1
It is 4.9 that method, which measures actual frostproof froth n multiple, and 25% drainage time is 2.0min.
Embodiment 6
Fire fighting truck includes a 25m3Liquid nitrogen storage tank vehicle and a high-jetting vehicle, high-jetting vehicle configured with mixing arrangement (with reality
It is identical to apply example 1) and the foam transport vehicle of foam dope (resist molten aqueous foam-forming solution AFFF/AR-3%), the spray of high-jetting vehicle be provided
It penetrates pipe caliber and takes DN150, configure the fire pump of a 150L/s (1.0MPa).It is supplied to fire fighting truck by fixed fire water pipe network
Water.
By liquid nitrogen, foam dope and water respectively with 189L/min, 270L/min and 8730L/min be sent into mixing arrangement in into
Row mixing generates foam, and foam is ejected from the foam outlet of mixing arrangement, the flow 9000L/min of foam, jet length
40m elevates height 30m.It is 3min to measure 25% drainage time using method same as Example 1.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In the skill of the present invention
In art conception range, technical scheme of the present invention can be carried out a variety of simple variants, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, belongs to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of foam production method, this method includes mixing liquid nitrogen with foaming substance to generate foam.
2. foam production method according to claim 1, wherein the foaming substance is foam mixing liquid, the mixing
Mode include that the liquid nitrogen is directly respectively contacted with the foaming substance in the form of the liquid stream or carries out the liquid nitrogen
Partly or entirely respectively contacted in the form of fluid stream with the foaming substance after gasification.
3. foam production method according to claim 2, wherein after the liquid nitrogen gasification within 10 minutes preferably 60 seconds with
Interior is still more preferably to be mixed with foaming substance within 10 seconds more preferably within 20 seconds.
4. foam production method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the flow of liquid nitrogen and foam mixing liquid meets following
Relationship：L=mV/nf,
Wherein, L is the volume flow of liquid nitrogen, and m is the coefficient of foaming of setting, and value is within the scope of 5-200 within the scope of preferred 5-20
Within the scope of more preferable 6-8, V is the volume flow of foam mixing liquid, and n is the volume expansion ratio of liquid nitrogen, and f is line loss, value
Within the scope of 1-1.4.
5. the foam production method according to any one of claim 1-4, wherein the liquid nitrogen and the foaming substance
It is mixed by mixing arrangement, the mixing arrangement includes the foam producer (1) for having mixing chamber, and the mixing chamber, which has, to be used for
Input the foaming substance entrance (11) of the foaming substance, the liquid nitrogen entrance (12) for inputting the liquid nitrogen and for exporting
The foam outlet (13) of foam；Wherein, in the mixing chamber, the liquid nitrogen and the foaming substance mixing gasifying simultaneously foam,
With the foam from the foam outlet (13) output for fire extinguishing；Preferably, the foam producer (1) is tubular structure, institute
The one end for stating tubular structure is provided at least one foaming substance entrance (11), and the other end of the tubular structure is provided with
At least one foam outlet (13), the direction of the direction of the liquid nitrogen entrance (12) and the foaming substance entrance (11) it
Between be arranged at 0-90 ° of angle.
6. foam production method according to claim 5, wherein the foaming substance entrance (11), the liquid nitrogen entrance
(12) and the foam outlet (13) is each provided with one；Wherein, the diameter D1 of the tubular structure enters with the foaming substance
Relationship between the diameter D2 of mouthful (11) is：D1/D2=1.1-4；The diameter D2 of the foaming substance entrance (11) and the liquid
Relationship between the diameter D3 of nitrogen entrance (12) is：D2/D3=4-10；The diameter D1 of the tubular structure and the foam outlet
(13) the relationship between diameter D4 is：D1/D4=0.8-2.
7. the foam production method according to any one of claim 5-6, wherein be provided with and be used in the mixing chamber
Disturb at least one flow spoiler (14) of liquid stream.
8. foam production method according to claim 7, wherein flow spoiler (14) shape is pyramidal structure, hemisphere
Shape structure or platform structure.
9. foam production method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the cross section of the flow spoiler (14) is round ties
Structure, the relationship between the diameter D7 and the diameter D2 of the foaming substance entrance (11) of the flow spoiler (14) are：D7/D2=1-
4；And/or
The distance between the top of the flow spoiler (14) and outflux of the liquid nitrogen at the liquid nitrogen entrance (12) L are 0-
100mm。
10. according to the foam production method described in claim 7 or 8 or 9, wherein be provided in the mixing chamber at least one
Spaced porous structure (15)；It is provided with multiple holes on each porous structure (15)；The porous structure (15)
Hole is towards the foaming substance entrance (11), and the top of the relatively described flow spoiler (14) of the porous structure (15) is far from described
Foaming substance entrance (11).
11. foam production method according to claim 1, wherein the foaming substance is foam dope, the mixing
Mode includes respectively contacting the liquid nitrogen, the foam dope and water in the form of the liquid stream；Preferably, the liquid nitrogen with it is described
The volume ratio of foam dope and water is 1：1-10：50-300, preferably 1：3-7：80-160.
12. the foam production method according to any one of claim 1-11, wherein the condition of the mixing includes mixed
It is -30 DEG C to 60 DEG C to close temperature, and the pressure of liquid nitrogen is 1-2MPa, and the pressure of foaming substance is 0.8-1.5MPa.
13. application of the foam production method in fire extinguishing described in any one of claim 1-12.
14. a kind of extinguishing method, this method generates bubble using the foam production method described in any one of claim 1-12
Then foam puts out a fire foam output.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18761411.0A EP3590580B1 (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2018-02-26 | Foam production method, fire extinguishing method, and foam extinguishing appliance |
| AU2018226928A AU2018226928B2 (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2018-02-26 | Foam production method, fire extinguishing method, and foam extinguishing appliance |
| US16/490,728 US11559711B2 (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2018-02-26 | Foam producing method, fire extinguishing method, and appliance for foam extinguishing |
| PCT/CN2018/077196 WO2018157770A1 (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2018-02-26 | Foam production method, fire extinguishing method, and foam extinguishing appliance |
| US18/156,435 US11980785B2 (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2023-01-19 | Foam producing method, fire extinguishing method, and appliance for foam extinguishing |
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| CN2017101177074 | 2017-03-01 | ||
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| CN201710119860 | 2017-03-01 |
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| CN201710645548.5A Active CN108525162B (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam generating method and application thereof and fire extinguishing and fighting method |
| CN201710645441.0A Pending CN108525160A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201720948804.3U Active CN207785707U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of foam-generating device using liquefied medium |
| CN201710645358.3A Pending CN108525159A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of big flow foam-generating device and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201710645620.4A Pending CN108525163A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and fire extinguisher |
| CN201720950354.1U Active CN207186962U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and fire extinguisher |
| CN201720950419.2U Active CN207186963U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201720948770.8U Active CN207822315U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam generation module and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201710645701.4A Pending CN108525164A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of foam-generating device using liquefied medium |
| CN201720948766.1U Active CN207822314U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of big flow foam-generating device and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201710645950.3A Active CN108525166B (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam generating method using liquid nitrogen, application thereof and fire extinguishing method |
| CN201710645486.8A Pending CN108525161A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam generation module and foam fire-fighting equipment |
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| CN201710645441.0A Pending CN108525160A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201720948804.3U Active CN207785707U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of foam-generating device using liquefied medium |
| CN201710645358.3A Pending CN108525159A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of big flow foam-generating device and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201710645620.4A Pending CN108525163A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and fire extinguisher |
| CN201720950354.1U Active CN207186962U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and fire extinguisher |
| CN201720950419.2U Active CN207186963U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam-generating device and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201720948770.8U Active CN207822315U (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | Foam generation module and foam fire-fighting equipment |
| CN201710645701.4A Pending CN108525164A (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of foam-generating device using liquefied medium |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108525161A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
| CN207822315U (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| CN207822314U (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| CN108525166B (en) | 2021-04-23 |
| CN207186962U (en) | 2018-04-06 |
| CN108525162B (en) | 2021-10-15 |
| CN207785707U (en) | 2018-08-31 |
| CN207186963U (en) | 2018-04-06 |
| CN108525159A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
| CN108525160A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
| CN108525163A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
| CN108525162A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
| CN108525164A (en) | 2018-09-14 |
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