CN108519221B

CN108519221B - Impeller accommodation test method

Info

Publication number: CN108519221B
Application number: CN201810179663.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王振彪; 唐智; 杨虹
Original assignee: China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
Current assignee: China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
Priority date: 2018-03-05
Filing date: 2018-03-05
Publication date: 2020-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-05
Also published as: CN108519221A

Abstract

The invention provides an impeller containment test method, which comprises the following steps: 1) before testing, processing a pressing block according to a flow channel of a test piece impeller; 2) equally cutting the impeller of the test piece into uniform parts along the rotation angle, and combining the impeller and the pressing block together for dynamic balance; 3) before rotation, the rapid air cylinder is combined with the thrust disc, so that the pressing block and the impeller are not separated in the rotation process, and the thrust disc is in contact with the pressing block; 4) a shaft penetrating through the impeller and the pressing block is driven by a motor to drive the impeller to rotate; 5) when the motor drives the shaft to reach a preset speed, the rapid air cylinder is controlled to contract, so that the pressing block is separated from the impeller, and the impeller flies apart at a set rotating speed. The impeller containing test device is used for meeting the requirement of an impeller containing test, can enable a test piece to scatter at a specified rotating speed, and is small in rotating speed deviation. The test precision is improved, the test times are reduced, and the research cost is reduced.

Description

Impeller accommodation test method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromechanics, and particularly relates to an impeller containment test method.

Background

The reliability of the rotor of the rotary impeller machine is very important, and for some manned or manned aerial aircrafts, even if an impeller flying accident occurs, fragments are not allowed to fly out to hurt people or puncture key parts of the aircrafts. Therefore, when the impeller of a certain type is mechanically shaped, a large amount of containing test researches are carried out, specific conditions are manufactured, the impeller is scattered at a specified rotating speed, and the damage condition of fragments to a containing part is researched.

The general method is that the stress condition of the impeller under the extreme working condition is analyzed by a simulation means, based on the stress condition, grooving or punching is carried out on the root part of the impeller, and after repeated tests and modification of grooving or punching parameters, the flying rotating speed of a test piece finally reaches the design requirement after multiple tests.

For example, the impeller of a turbocharger compressor in the internal combustion engine industry meets the test requirement that the impeller flies apart when the rated rotating speed is 120 percent in the test, and the rotating speed deviation is less than or equal to 5 percent. However, in the test, it is often difficult to control the scattering rotational speed of the impeller, and the impeller may scatter when the rotational speed does not reach a predetermined rotational speed, or the impeller may not scatter when the rotational speed exceeds the predetermined scattering rotational speed.

The reason for this is that the theoretical calculation result is difficult to match the actual situation because many factors affect the scattering of the impeller. Researchers have classified the containment test of impellers as a more difficult test.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an impeller accommodation test method, which is used to meet the requirement of an impeller accommodation test, and can make a test piece fly away at a specified rotation speed with a small rotation speed deviation. The test precision is improved, the test times are reduced, and the research cost is reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

an impeller containment test method comprises the following steps:

1) before testing, a pressing block is processed according to a flow channel of a tested impeller, the size of the pressing block is consistent with that of a hub of the impeller, an inner cavity sleeved with an impeller blade end to be tested is arranged in the center of the pressing block, and the pressing block is used for pressing the impeller to be tested together in a combined mode;

2) equally cutting the impeller of the test piece into uniform parts along the rotation angle, and combining the impeller and the pressing block together for dynamic balance;

3) before rotation, the rapid air cylinder is combined with the thrust disc, so that the pressing block and the impeller are not separated in the rotation process, and the thrust disc is in contact with the pressing block;

4) a shaft penetrating through the impeller and the pressing block is driven by a motor to drive the impeller to rotate;

5) when the motor drives the shaft to reach a preset speed, the rapid air cylinder is controlled to contract, so that the pressing block is separated from the impeller, and the impeller flies apart at a set rotating speed.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:

the impeller containing test device is used for meeting the requirement of an impeller containing test, can enable a test piece to scatter at a specified rotating speed, and is small in rotating speed deviation. The test precision is improved, the test times are reduced, and the research cost is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram and a schematic composition diagram of an impeller accommodation test device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of an impeller accommodation testing device according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a thrust disc structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a left side view of a thrust disc structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5(a) (b) are a sectional view and a left side view of the quick cylinder block according to the embodiment of the present invention, respectively.

Fig. 6 is an installation diagram of the quick cylinder according to the embodiment of the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

the device comprises a high-speed motor 1, a rotating speed sensor 2, a flexible coupling 3, a quick air cylinder 4, a control system 5, an oil sealing cover 6, a bearing 7, a gasket 8, a sleeve 9, a shaft 10, a pin 11, a hinge joint 12, a thrust disc 13, an adjusting screw 14, a thrust bearing 15, a pressure block 16, an impeller 17, a lubricating system 18, a ground substrate 19, a shaft sealing cover 20 and a support 21.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art from the specific situation

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The impeller accommodation test method of the embodiment of the invention is specifically completed by adopting the impeller accommodation test device shown in figures 1 to 6, the impeller accommodation test device comprises a driving mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a control system,

the fixing mechanism comprises a pressing block 16, a thrust disc 13, a thrust bearing 15 and two quick cylinders 4, wherein the center of the pressing block 16 is provided with an inner cavity sleeved with the blade end of the impeller 17 to be tested, and the pressing block 16 is used for combining and pressing the impellers 17 to be tested which are cut in equal intervals along the rotating angle together to form dynamic balance; the thrust disc 13 is sleeved at the outer end of the pressing block 16 through a thrust bearing 15, the hinged joint 12 of the quick cylinders 4 is connected with the thrust disc 13 and fixed through a pin 11, and the two quick cylinders 4 are symmetrically distributed and fixed to enable the thrust bearing 15 to be stressed uniformly;

the driving mechanism comprises a high-speed motor 1, a flexible coupling 3, a shaft 10 and a sleeve 9, wherein the shaft 10 penetrates through a combined structure of an impeller 17 to be tested and a pressing block 16, the sleeve 9 is arranged at two ends of the shaft 10, and one end of the shaft 10 is connected with the high-speed motor 1 through the flexible coupling 3;

the supporting mechanism comprises a support 21 and a ground substrate 19, two ends of the shaft 10 are respectively installed on the two supports 21 through bearings 7, the bottoms of the two supports 21 are fixed on the ground substrate 19, and the structure is stable;

the control system 5 comprises a controller and a rotating speed sensor 2, the rotating speed of the output shaft of the high-speed motor 1 is acquired through the rotating speed sensor 2 and is sent to the controller, and the controller is connected with the high-speed motor 1 and the quick air cylinder 4 in a control mode.

The size of the pressing block 16 is processed according to the flow channel of the impeller 17 to be detected, and the size of the pressing block 16 is consistent with that of the hub of the impeller 17 to be detected.

A gasket 8 for adjusting the axial gap is arranged between the bearing 7 and the adjacent sleeve 9, and a gasket 8 for adjusting the axial gap is also arranged between the sleeve 9 and the impeller 17 to be measured, so as to ensure the gap between the impeller 17 to be measured and the casing.

The circumference side of the pressing block 16 close to the thrust disc 13 is provided with a groove, the adjusting screw 14 is screwed into the thrust disc 13, and the threaded end of the adjusting screw 14 can extend into the groove of the pressing block 16 for limiting control.

An oil seal cover 6 is installed at the outer end of the bearing 7 close to the flexible coupling 3, and a shaft seal cover 20 is installed at the outer end of the bearing 7 far away from the flexible coupling 3.

The test process is as follows:

before the test, the pressing block 16 is processed according to the flow channel of the impeller 17, and the size of the pressing block 16 is consistent with that of the hub of the impeller 17. Cutting the impeller 17 of the test piece into 3 parts uniformly along the rotation angle, compacting by using a pressing block 16, combining the impeller 17 and the pressing block 16 together, and performing dynamic balance. And rotating members such as an impeller 17, a sleeve 9 and a bearing 7 are installed. The adjusting shim 8 is used to adjust the axial clearance to ensure clearance of the impeller 17 from the housing.

After the test piece is installed, the thrust bearing 15 is installed, the 2 quick cylinders 4 are fixedly connected with the thrust disc 13, the quick cylinders 4 extend out, and the fixing positions of the quick cylinders 4 are adjusted to enable the thrust bearing 15 to be stressed evenly. The adjustment screw 14 is rotated so that the adjustment screw 14 extends into the recess of the pressure piece 16 but does not touch. And then a flexible coupling 3 is installed, and the axial and horizontal positions of the high-speed motor 1 are adjusted to enable all rotating pieces to be positioned on the same axis. The clearance of the impeller 17 is checked to be normal, and each fixing support is checked to be firm.

During the test, the lubricating system 18 is started, the control system 5 controls the high-speed motor 1 to slowly load according to a set control program, the rotor is driven to a set rotating speed through the flexible coupling 3, once the control system 5 detects that the rotating speed of the rotor reaches a set value, a signal is given immediately, the quick air cylinder 4 is controlled to quickly contract, and the pre-cut impeller 17 flies at a set rotating speed.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An impeller containment test method is characterized by comprising the following steps: