CN108518473A - A kind of vehicle primary actuator and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle primary actuator and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108518473A CN108518473A CN201810383512.9A CN201810383512A CN108518473A CN 108518473 A CN108518473 A CN 108518473A CN 201810383512 A CN201810383512 A CN 201810383512A CN 108518473 A CN108518473 A CN 108518473A
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- engaging tooth
- differential
- axle shaft
- tooth
- differential mechanism
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001416181 Axis axis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009699 differential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
Abstract
It includes shell and the main gearbox assembly in shell and both sides commutator assembly that the present invention, which discloses a kind of vehicle primary actuator and its control method, vehicle primary actuator,；Both sides commutator assembly respectively includes the second differential mechanism, locating snap ring and lock ring；Lock ring includes the second engaging tooth that output axle shaft can be achieved and link or detach with the second differential casing, and locating snap ring includes the 4th engaging tooth that can limit the rotation of the second differential casing；The present invention controls the rotation of the second differential casing, and its linkage between output axle shaft by lock ring and locating snap ring, realizes the autonomous differential function of the both sides output shaft in normal vehicle operation operating mode, ensures that vehicle has good driving performance；And when both sides output shaft has reversed demand, in the case where drive bevel gear does not change direction of rotation, can the output shaft positive and negative rotation of convenient realization both sides, while keeping differential function, compact overall structure of the present invention, mechanism operating is convenient, applied widely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission of vehicle, especially a kind of vehicle that can realize vehicle pivot stud
Primary actuator and its control method.
Background technology
In Car design field, reduce the turning radius of vehicle as far as possible, be an importance for promoting vehicle performance,
After the effort after several generations, some special mechanisms are had developed at present, maneuverability pattern makes vehicle realize original place
Turning function, the structure for greatly improving the driving performance of vehicle, but having excessively complexity can not be promoted, and some structures are still deposited
In prodigious performance boost space.
Fig. 1 show left and right semiaxis disclosed in patent CN101559714A can counter-rotational vehicle primary actuator each other,
A kind of vehicle primary actuator that left and right semiaxis can invert each other is provided, mainly by driving gear, driven gear, differential mechanism, difference
The compositions such as fast device case, primary actuator shell, tooth-like set clutch, left and right semiaxis and executing agency, the planetary gear in differential mechanism can
It realizes that left and right semiaxis passes to left and right sidesing driving wheel in such a way that angular speed is identical but direction is opposite, realizes the approximation or complete of vehicle
Pivot stud.If driving gear rotation direction does not change in the program, the pivot stud in one direction of vehicle, negative side can only be realized
To pivot stud need artificial operating mechanism to change driving gear direction of rotation, maneuverability pattern is inconvenient, is easy to happen and accidentally grasps
Make situation.
Fig. 2 show a kind of vehicle primary actuator that can realize vehicle pivot stud disclosed in patent CN204055355U,
The patent is the improvement design done on the basis of patent CN101559714A, and the mechanical mechanism of Fig. 1 schemes is replaced with two sets
Electromagnetic clutch, realizes the switching of driving mode, but Fig. 1 patents there are the problem of still do not solve, driving gear rotation direction is not
When change, the pivot stud in one direction of vehicle can only be realized.
A kind of straight trip locking type disclosed in patent CN104787116B or so reversion endless-track vehicle is illustrated in figure 3 to drive
Bridge includes mainly speed changer, driving axle housing, left and right side brake, left and right sidesing driving wheel, positive and negative rotation differential mechanism and straight trip locking shaft etc.
Component.The differential steering of left and right vehicle wheel crawler belt and left and right crawler belt may be implemented just by manipulating left braking shiifter or right braking shiifter
Reversion turns to, and differential mechanism forced locking when normal operation does not have differential function, is suitable for the vehicle of crawler body, is not suitable for
In the road vehicle run at high speed.
To sum up, there is also following defects for existing vehicle primary actuator：
(1) reverse rotation of unilateral output shaft can only be realized when drive bevel gear direction of rotation is constant, i.e. vehicle can only be real
The pivot stud of the pivot stud in an existing direction, negative direction needs to change drive bevel gear direction of rotation to realize, manipulation side
Formula is inconvenient, is easy to happen maloperation, and driver does not have differential function when pivot stud.
(2) do not have differential function, be only applicable to the transmission system of crawler body, be not applied for the road run at high speed
Vehicle.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle primary actuator and its control methods, can in normal vehicle operation operating mode
Realize the autonomous differential function of both sides output shaft, and when both sides output shaft has reversed demand, can convenient realization both sides output shaft just
Reversion.
The technical solution that the present invention takes is：A kind of vehicle primary actuator, including shell and the master in shell subtract
Fast device assembly and both sides commutator assembly；
Main gearbox assembly includes drive bevel gear, driven wheel of differential and the first differential mechanism；The rotation of drive bevel gear can
The rotation of driven wheel of differential is driven, the rotation of driven wheel of differential can drive left half axle and right axle shaft in the first differential mechanism, in nothing
It is rotate in same direction at the same speed in the state of other external force；
Commutator assembly includes left commutator assembly and right commutator assembly, and the two is in mirror image about drive bevel gear axis
It is arranged symmetrically；
Commutator assembly includes the second differential mechanism, locating snap ring and lock ring；The left and right semiaxis of first differential mechanism and second poor
The left and right semiaxis of fast device be coaxial arrangement, and in left/right commutator assembly the second differential mechanism half axis connection main reducing gear of right/left
In the first differential mechanism left/right semiaxis；The second differential mechanism is primary actuator away from the semiaxis of the first differential mechanism in commutator assembly
Output axle shaft；
Lock ring is sheathed on output axle shaft periphery, and can slide axially along output axle shaft；Output axle shaft circumference and second
The shell peripheral part of differential mechanism is respectively equipped with the first engaging tooth, lock ring circumference be equipped with can individually with the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft
Engagement, and can simultaneously with output axle shaft and intermeshing second engaging tooth of the first engaging tooth of differential casing；Lock ring also wraps
It includes for changing the disengaging yoke of meshing state between the first engaging tooth of the second engaging tooth of lock ring and differential casing, separation is dialled
Fork outer end is located at outside primary actuator shell；
Locating snap ring is installed between shell and the second differential casing, and can be slid axially along output axle shaft；Shell inner circumferential
The shell peripheral part of portion and the second differential mechanism is respectively equipped with third engaging tooth, and locating snap ring is equipped with and can both be engaged with shell third
Tooth individually often engages, and can engage the 4th engaging tooth of tooth engagement with shell and differential casing third in real time；Locating snap ring also wraps
It includes for changing the stop shift fork of meshing state between the 4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring and differential casing third engaging tooth, stop is dialled
The outer end of fork is located at outside primary actuator shell.
The present invention realizes each in use, by carrying out the Bit andits control in output shaft axial direction to locating snap ring and lock ring
Meshing relation between engaging tooth and differential casing engaging tooth, so that the second differential mechanism is in normal vehicle operation,
It is rotated simultaneously with output axle shaft, is equal to an axis, the power for realizing main reducing gear output shaft to primary actuator output axle shaft passes
It is defeated；When vehicle needs pivot stud, then locating snap ring limits the rotation of the second differential casing, lock ring and the second differential carrier
Body detaches, and achievees the purpose that the second differential mechanism output axle shaft rotation direction is opposite with main reducing gear output axle shaft rotation direction.
In the present invention, the first differential mechanism and the second differential mechanism are all existing planetary differential structure, existing differential mechanism packet
Include differential casing, planet axis, planetary gear, axle shaft gear and left and right semiaxis.
Preferably, the shell of connected first differential mechanism of driven wheel of differential, and the gear shaft of driven wheel of differential and the first differential
The left half axle and right axle shaft of device are coaxial arrangement；The planet axis of first differential mechanism is equipped with 2 planetary gears, and the first differential mechanism is logical
Crossing two planetary gears drives the axle shaft gear positioned at planet axis both sides to rotate.
Preferably, in the first differential mechanism and the second differential mechanism, axle shaft gear is driven by involute spline and half shaft end
Connection.
Preferably, the left half axle of the right axle shaft of the second differential mechanism and the first differential mechanism is same axis in left commutator assembly；
The right axle shaft of the left half axle of the second differential mechanism and the first differential mechanism is same axis in right commutator assembly.
Preferably, the first engaging tooth of the shell peripheral part of output axle shaft circumference and the second differential mechanism is annular external tooth,
Second engaging tooth of lock ring circumference is annular internal tooth, and structure setting is more compact.External tooth, that is, the crown is oriented away from defeated
Go out semiaxis axle center, internal tooth, that is, crown is towards output axle shaft axle center.
Preferably, the second engaging tooth of lock ring is intermeshed with the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft always；Locating snap ring
4th engaging tooth is intermeshed with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell always.
Further, the first engaging tooth of the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft and the second differential casing, along output half
When axis axis projection, the edge of the two projection overlaps.Then the second engaging tooth on lock ring is using common engaging tooth
Can, need to only lengthen the length of tooth in an axial direction, by disengaging yoke control the flank of tooth output axle shaft axial translation can be realized with it is defeated
Engaged while going out the first engaging tooth of semiaxis and second the first engaging tooth of differential casing, or with the second differential casing first
Engaging tooth detaches.
Preferably, the 4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring includes external tooth and internal tooth, wherein external tooth and primary actuator shell inner peripheral portion
Third engaging tooth often engage, internal tooth can be in the state that external tooth be meshed with shell third engaging tooth, with the second reducing gearbox
The third engaging tooth of body is meshed.I.e. described 4th engaging tooth is practical for engagement tooth assembly.
Preferably, in the 4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring, external tooth and internal tooth are all annular engaging tooth.
Preferably, disengaging yoke is parallel to output axle shaft setting, and stop shift fork is arranged perpendicular to output axle shaft.Then work as needs
To lock ring and locating snap ring slide axially control when, respectively only need to be along being parallel to output axle shaft axially direction force i.e.
It can.
When in order to realize locating snap ring axial movement, between the 4th engaging tooth and the second differential casing third engaging tooth
Engagement or separation, the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell and the third engaging tooth of the second differential casing, the vertical side of the two
To projection positioned at the different location of output axle shaft axial direction.
Invention additionally discloses the control methods of above-mentioned vehicle primary actuator, including：
Define first state position and the second mode bit of lock ring：Lock ring first state position be the second engaging tooth only with it is defeated
Go out the state that the first engaging tooth of semiaxis is meshed, when the second mode bit is the second drive side of tooth with output axle shaft and the second differential mechanism
The state that first engaging tooth of shell is meshed；
Define first state position and the second mode bit of locating snap ring：Locating snap ring first state position is, when four drive side of tooth
The state being meshed with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell and the second differential casing, the second mode bit are the 4th engaging tooth
The state being only meshed with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell；
When normal vehicle operation, controls lock ring and locating snap ring keeps the second mode bit so that when drive bevel gear rotates,
Main reducing gear output axle shaft is driven to be rotated simultaneously with the second differential mechanism and primary actuator output axle shaft；
When vehicle needs pivot stud, drive bevel gear is controlled first and is stopped operating, is then required according to direction to be turned, control
The lock ring and locating snap ring for making direction side to be turned switch to first state position so that the second differential carrier of direction side to be turned
Body and primary actuator shell locking, then control drive bevel gear and rotate again so that the output axle shaft gear band of the second differential mechanism
Dynamic primary actuator output axle shaft, rotates towards the direction opposite with main reducing gear output axle shaft rotation direction.
Preferably, when vehicle needs pivot stud, after control drive bevel gear stops operating, direction one to be turned is controlled first
The lock ring of side switches to first state position, and the locating snap ring for then controlling direction side to be turned switches to first state position, then
Recovery actively chases after the rotation of bevel gear.This control method can be reduced under effect of inertia, be made to the second differential mechanism and output axle shaft
At stress damage.
The present invention realizes the control that slides axially of locating snap ring and lock ring by stop shift fork and disengaging yoke respectively, controls
Existing controller can be used in device processed, and the execution of control command can be realized by existing execution and transmission mechanism.
Advantageous effect
The vehicle primary actuator of the present invention, it can be achieved that the autonomous differential work(of both sides output shaft under normal vehicle operation operating mode
Can, ensure that vehicle has good driving performance；Need carry out pivot stud when, then can convenient realization both sides output shaft it is positive and negative
Turn, realize the pivot stud of left and right vehicle wheel both direction, when pivot stud operating mode, the differential mechanism of main reducing gear still functions as differential
Effect.And compact overall structure of the present invention, mechanism operating is convenient, applied widely, can be widely applied to fire fighting truck, military vehicle
, the fields such as engineering machinery, agricultural machinery.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show left and right semiaxis disclosed in patent CN101559714A can counter-rotational vehicle primary actuator knot each other
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 show a kind of vehicle primary actuator knot that can realize vehicle pivot stud disclosed in patent CN204055355U
Structure schematic diagram；
A kind of straight trip locking type disclosed in patent CN104787116B or so reversion endless-track vehicle is illustrated in figure 3 to drive
Bridge structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 show vehicle primary actuator structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
It is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to figure 4, vehicle primary actuator of the invention, including shell 4 and the main gearbox assembly 1 in shell 4
With both sides commutator assembly 2/3；
Main gearbox assembly 1 includes drive bevel gear 101, driven wheel of differential 102 and the first differential mechanism；Drive bevel gear
Rotation can drive the rotation of driven wheel of differential, the rotation of driven wheel of differential that can drive left half axle 110 and the right side in the first differential mechanism
Semiaxis 107 rotates in same direction at the same speed in the state of without other external force；
Commutator assembly includes left commutator assembly 2 and right commutator assembly 3, and the two is about 101 axis of drive bevel gear
It is arranged in mirror symmetry；
Commutator assembly includes the second differential mechanism, locating snap ring 204/304 and lock ring 217/317；A left side for first differential mechanism
The left and right semiaxis of right axle shaft 110/107 and the second differential mechanism is is coaxially disposed, and the second differential mechanism in left/right commutator assembly
The left/right semiaxis of first differential mechanism in half axis connection main reducing gear of right/left；The second differential mechanism is poor away from first in commutator assembly
The semiaxis of fast device is the output axle shaft 218/318 of primary actuator；
Lock ring 217/317 is sheathed on 218/318 periphery of output axle shaft, and can slide axially along output axle shaft；Output half
207/307 peripheral part of shell of axis circumference and the second differential mechanism is respectively equipped with the first engaging tooth, and lock ring circumference is equipped with can be single
Solely engaged with the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft 213/313, and can simultaneously with the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft and differential casing
212/312 intermeshing second engaging tooth 214/314；Lock ring further includes for changing the second engaging tooth of lock ring and differential
The disengaging yoke 215/315 of meshing state between the first engaging tooth of device shell, disengaging yoke outer end are located at primary actuator shell 4
Outside；
Locating snap ring 204/304 is installed between shell 4 and the second differential casing 207/307, and can be along output axle shaft axis
To sliding；207/307 peripheral part of shell of 4 inner peripheral portion of shell and the second differential mechanism is respectively equipped with third engaging tooth, locating snap ring
Being equipped with individually often to engage with shell third engaging tooth 202/302, and can be engaged simultaneously with shell and differential casing third
206/306 intermeshing 4th engaging tooth of tooth；Locating snap ring further includes for changing the 4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring and differential carrier
The outer end of the stop shift fork 201/301 of meshing state between body third engaging tooth, stop shift fork is located at outside primary actuator shell 4.
The present invention realizes each in use, by carrying out the Bit andits control in output shaft axial direction to locating snap ring and lock ring
Meshing relation between engaging tooth and differential casing engaging tooth, so that the second differential mechanism is in normal vehicle operation,
It is rotated simultaneously with output axle shaft, is equal to an axis, the power for realizing main reducing gear output shaft to primary actuator output axle shaft passes
It is defeated；When vehicle needs pivot stud, then locating snap ring limits the rotation of the second differential casing, lock ring and the second differential carrier
Body detaches, and achievees the purpose that the second differential mechanism output axle shaft rotation direction is opposite with main reducing gear output axle shaft rotation direction.
In the present invention, the first differential mechanism and the second differential mechanism are all existing planetary differential structure, existing differential mechanism packet
Include differential casing, planet axis, planetary gear, axle shaft gear and left and right semiaxis.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the shell 105 of connected first differential mechanism of driven wheel of differential 102, and the gear shaft of driven wheel of differential
Left half axle and right axle shaft with the first differential mechanism are coaxial arrangement；The planet axis 103 of first differential mechanism is equipped with 2 planetary gears
104/108, the first differential mechanism drives the axle shaft gear positioned at planet axis both sides to rotate by two planetary gears.Planetary number
Mesh can also require to be arranged to 4 according to transmission, be the prior art.
In first differential mechanism and the second differential mechanism, axle shaft gear 109/106/210/209/309/310 is spent by involute
Key is sequentially connected with corresponding half shaft end.
The left half axle of the right axle shaft of second differential mechanism and the first differential mechanism is same axis 110 in left commutator assembly 2；The right side is changed
Into device assembly, the right axle shaft of the left half axle of the second differential mechanism and the first differential mechanism is same axis 107.
First engaging tooth of the shell peripheral part of output axle shaft circumference and the second differential mechanism is annular external tooth, lock ring week
Second engaging tooth in portion is annular internal tooth, and structure setting is more compact.External tooth, that is, the crown is oriented away from output axle shaft axis
The heart, internal tooth, that is, crown is towards output axle shaft axle center.
Second engaging tooth of lock ring is intermeshed with the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft always；4th engagement of locating snap ring
Tooth is intermeshed with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell always.
Further, the first engaging tooth of the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft and the second differential casing, along output half
When axis axis projection, the edge of the two projection overlaps.Then the second engaging tooth on lock ring is using common engaging tooth
Can, need to only lengthen the length of tooth in an axial direction, by disengaging yoke control the flank of tooth output axle shaft axial translation can be realized with it is defeated
Engaged while going out the first engaging tooth of semiaxis and second the first engaging tooth of differential casing, or with the second differential casing first
Engaging tooth detaches.
4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring includes external tooth 203/303 and internal tooth 205/305, wherein external tooth can with outside primary actuator
The third engaging tooth 202/302 of shell inner peripheral portion often engages, internal tooth can in the state that external tooth is meshed with shell third engaging tooth,
It is meshed with the third engaging tooth 206/306 of the second reducer shell.I.e. described 4th engaging tooth is practical for engagement tooth assembly.
In 4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring, external tooth and internal tooth are all annular engaging tooth.
Disengaging yoke is parallel to output axle shaft setting, and stop shift fork is arranged perpendicular to output axle shaft.Then when needing to locking
Ring and locating snap ring slide axially control when, respectively only need to be along being parallel to output axle shaft axially direction force.
When in order to realize locating snap ring axial movement, between the 4th engaging tooth and the second differential casing third engaging tooth
Engagement or separation, the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell and the third engaging tooth of the second differential casing, the vertical side of the two
To projection positioned at the different location of output axle shaft axial direction.
The control method of vehicle primary actuator includes in above-described embodiment：
Define first state position and the second mode bit of lock ring：Lock ring first state position be the second engaging tooth only with it is defeated
Go out the state that the first engaging tooth of semiaxis is meshed, when the second mode bit is the second drive side of tooth with output axle shaft and the second differential mechanism
The state that first engaging tooth of shell is meshed；
Define first state position and the second mode bit of locating snap ring：Locating snap ring first state position is, when four drive side of tooth
The state being meshed with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell and the second differential casing, the second mode bit are the 4th engaging tooth
The state being only meshed with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell；
When normal vehicle operation, controls lock ring and locating snap ring keeps the second mode bit so that when drive bevel gear rotates,
Main reducing gear output axle shaft is driven to be rotated simultaneously with the second differential mechanism and primary actuator output axle shaft；
When vehicle needs pivot stud, drive bevel gear is controlled first and is stopped operating, is then required according to direction to be turned, control
The lock ring and locating snap ring for making direction side to be turned switch to first state position so that the second differential carrier of direction side to be turned
Body and primary actuator shell locking, then control drive bevel gear and rotate again so that the output axle shaft gear band of the second differential mechanism
Dynamic primary actuator output axle shaft, rotates towards the direction opposite with main reducing gear output axle shaft rotation direction.
The present invention realizes the control that slides axially of locating snap ring and lock ring by stop shift fork and disengaging yoke respectively, controls
Existing controller can be used in device processed, and the execution of control command can be realized by existing execution and transmission mechanism.
In order to reduce under effect of inertia, the stress damage caused by the second differential mechanism and output axle shaft, vehicle needs original place
When steering, after control drive bevel gear stops operating, the lock ring for controlling direction side to be turned first switches to first state position,
Then the locating snap ring for controlling direction side to be turned switches to first state position, then restores the rotation for actively chasing after bevel gear.
Embodiment 2
With reference to embodiment shown in Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, main gearbox assembly 1 is conventional main reducing gear structure, driven
Bevel gear 102 is fixedly connected with the first differential casing 105；Planetary gear 104 and 108 is arranged in planet axis 103, with semiaxis
Gear 106 and 109 engages, and the first differential pinion gear can require to be arranged to two (104 and 108 in such as Fig. 4) according to transmission
Or four；Left half axle 110 and 107 both ends of right axle shaft are arranged with involute spline, the opposite one end of the two respectively with semiaxis
Involute spline cooperation on gear 109 and 106.
Driven wheel of differential 102 rotates the planet axis 103 for promoting to be fixedly connected with the first differential casing 105 and drives planet tooth
The synchronized rotation in the same direction of left half axle 110 and right axle shaft 107, left half axle 110 and right axle shaft are not realized in 104 and 108 rotation of wheel when differential
107 realize the differential function of left and right semiaxis when having speed difference demand.
Left commutator assembly 2 is mirrored into about 101 axis of drive bevel gear with right commutator assembly 3 and is arranged symmetrically；Commutation
The main body of device is also a set of planetary differential, and involute spline is disposed on axle shaft gear 209 (309), (right with left half axle 110
Semiaxis 107) on external splines cooperation；Planetary gear 208 and 216 (308 and 316) are arranged in planet axis 211 (311), with half
Shaft gear 209 and 210 (309 and 310) engagement；Planet axis 211 (311) is fixed with commutation (second) differential casing 207 (307)
It connects, external tooth 206 (306) and 212 (312) is disposed on commutation differential casing 207 (307)；Cloth on locating snap ring 204 (304)
It is equipped with external tooth 203 (303) and internal tooth 205 (305), locating snap ring 204 (304) can in an axial direction be slided by stop shift fork 201 (301)
Dynamic, external tooth 203 (303) is in normal meshing state with the stop tooth 202 (302) being integrated on shell 4, and locating snap ring 204 (304) is no
Energy pivoting, the internal tooth when length (i.e. axial width) of external tooth 203 (303) allows locating snap ring 204 (304) to slide thereon
205 (305) are engaged with the external tooth 206 (306) on commutation differential casing 207 (307), realize commutation differential casing 207
(307) stop；It is disposed with involute spline on axle shaft gear 210 (310), with the external splines arranged on output axle shaft 218 (318)
Coordinate, external tooth 213 (313) is disposed on output axle shaft 218 (318)；Internal tooth 214 (314) is disposed on lock ring 217 (317),
Lock ring 217 (317) can be slid axially by disengaging yoke 215 (315), and internal tooth 214 (314) is in external tooth 213 (313)
Normal meshing state, lock ring 217 (317) are rotated together with output axle shaft 218 (318), and the length of internal tooth 214 (314) allows to lock
Only ring 217 (317) is realized internal tooth 214 (314) and the engagement of external tooth 212 (312) when sliding axially and is detached；Left side stop shift fork
201 can realize that linkage, right side stop shift fork 301 can also pass through control with disengaging yoke 315 with disengaging yoke 215 by control mechanism
Mechanism processed realizes linkage.
When normally travel operating mode, stop shift fork 201 (301) is in free state, the internal tooth 205 on locating snap ring 204 (304)
(305) it is detached with external tooth 206 (306)；Disengaging yoke 215 (315) is in free state, the internal tooth on lock ring 217 (317)
214 (314) and the external tooth 212 on the external tooth 213 (313) and commutation differential casing 207 (307) on output axle shaft 218 (318)
(312) it engages simultaneously, output axle shaft 218 (318) and commutation differential casing 207 (307) are fixed as by lock ring 217 (317)
One entirety causes commutate differential casing 207 (307), axle shaft gear 209 and 210 (309 and 310), 208 and of planetary gear
Relative motion, at this time left commutation is not present in 216 (308 and 316), output axle shaft 218 (318), left half axle 110 (right axle shaft 107)
Device assembly 2 is equivalent to two axises with right commutator assembly 3, realizes the power transmission of main gearbox assembly 1.
When pivot stud operating mode, pivot stud requires the wheel of both sides to rotate in a reverse direction, i.e. 218 He of output axle shaft
Output axle shaft 318 rotates in a reverse direction, the switching of steering situation need in the state that differential bevel wheel 101 is static into
Row when normal advance operating mode, is looked forward main transmission using 101 input terminal of differential bevel wheel as front of the car from rear vehicle end
Bevel gear 101 rotates counterclockwise.When needing left side output axle shaft 218 reversed, switch left pivot stud pattern, disengaging yoke
215 act first, and lock ring 217 slides to the left, and internal tooth 214 is made to be disengaged with external tooth 212, and output axle shaft 218 can be poor with commutation
Fast device shell 207 relatively rotates, and stop shift fork 201 acts later, and locating snap ring 204 slides to the right, and internal tooth 205 is nibbled with external tooth 206
It closes, commutation differential casing 207 and 4 locking of device housing.Drive bevel gear 101 rotates, and right side commutator 3 presses normally travel
Synchronized rotation, left half axle 110 drive axle shaft gear 209 to rotate to pattern in the same direction with right axle shaft 107, because of the differential casing 207 that commutates
Stop, planetary gear 208 and 216 quickly rotate under the drive of left half axle 110 and axle shaft gear 209, around planet axis 211,
Driving axle shaft gear 210 and output axle shaft 218, constant speed reversely rotates together.When needing right side output axle shaft 318 reversed, switching
Right pivot stud pattern, disengaging yoke 315 act first, and lock ring 317 slides to the right, and internal tooth 314 is made to be disengaged with external tooth 312,
Output axle shaft 318 can be relatively rotated with commutation differential casing 307, and stop shift fork 301 acts later, and locating snap ring 304 is to the left
Sliding, internal tooth 305 are engaged with external tooth 306, commutation differential casing 307 and 4 locking of device housing.Drive bevel gear 101 is revolved
Turn, by normal running mode, synchronized rotation, right axle shaft 107 drive axle shaft gear 309 to left side commutator 2 in the same direction with left half axle 110
Rotation, because of 307 stop of differential casing that commutates, planetary gear 308 and 316 is quickly rotated around planet axis 311, drives axle shaft gear
310 and output axle shaft 318 together constant speed reversely rotate.When the pivot stud pattern switching of left and right, it is only necessary to temporarily disconnected initiative taper
The power of gear 101 inputs, and makes its remains stationary, haves no need to change its steering, and only passes through in the commutator assembly of left and right points
From the switching that the coordinated signals of shift fork and locking shift fork realize left and right pivot stud pattern, pattern switching is convenient flexibly.
To sum up, vehicle primary actuator of the invention and its control method control the second differential by lock ring and locating snap ring
The rotation of device shell, and its linkage between output axle shaft, realize in normal vehicle operation operating mode both sides output shaft from
Main differential function ensures that vehicle has good driving performance；And when both sides output shaft has reversed demand, in drive bevel gear
In the case of not changing direction of rotation, can the output shaft positive and negative rotation of convenient realization both sides, while keeping differential function, the present invention is whole
Compact-sized, mechanism operating is convenient, applied widely.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vehicle primary actuator, characterized in that main gearbox assembly and both sides including shell and in shell change
To device assembly；
Main gearbox assembly includes drive bevel gear, driven wheel of differential and the first differential mechanism；The rotation of drive bevel gear can drive
The rotation of the rotation of driven wheel of differential, driven wheel of differential can drive left half axle and right axle shaft in the first differential mechanism, without other
It is rotate in same direction at the same speed in the state of external force；
Commutator assembly includes left commutator assembly and right commutator assembly, and the two is in mirror symmetry about drive bevel gear axis
Arrangement；
Commutator assembly includes the second differential mechanism, locating snap ring and lock ring；The left and right semiaxis and the second differential mechanism of first differential mechanism
Left and right semiaxis be coaxial arrangement, and in left/right commutator assembly the in the half axis connection main reducing gear of right/left of the second differential mechanism
The left/right semiaxis of one differential mechanism；The second differential mechanism is the defeated of primary actuator away from the semiaxis of the first differential mechanism in commutator assembly
Go out semiaxis；
Lock ring is sheathed on output axle shaft periphery, and can slide axially along output axle shaft；Output axle shaft circumference and the second differential
The shell peripheral part of device is respectively equipped with the first engaging tooth, and lock ring circumference is equipped with and can individually be nibbled with the first engaging tooth of output axle shaft
Close, and can simultaneously with output axle shaft and intermeshing second engaging tooth of the first engaging tooth of differential casing；Lock ring further includes
For changing the disengaging yoke of meshing state between the first engaging tooth of the second engaging tooth of lock ring and differential casing, disengaging yoke
Outer end is located at outside primary actuator shell；
Locating snap ring is installed between shell and the second differential casing, and can be slid axially along output axle shaft；Shell inner peripheral portion with
And second the shell peripheral part of differential mechanism be respectively equipped with third engaging tooth, locating snap ring is equipped with both can be with shell third engaging tooth list
Solely often engagement, and the 4th engaging tooth of tooth engagement can be engaged with shell and differential casing third in real time；Locating snap ring further includes using
The stop shift fork of meshing state between change the 4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring and differential casing third engaging tooth, stop shift fork
Outer end is located at outside primary actuator shell.
2. vehicle primary actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell of connected first differential mechanism of driven wheel of differential
Body, and the left half axle and right axle shaft of the gear shaft of driven wheel of differential and the first differential mechanism are coaxial arrangement；The row of first differential mechanism
Star axis is equipped with 2 planetary gears, and the first differential mechanism drives the half axle gear positioned at planet axis both sides to rotate by two planetary gears
It is dynamic.
3. vehicle primary actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first differential mechanism and the second differential mechanism, semiaxis
Gear is sequentially connected by involute spline and half shaft end.
4. vehicle primary actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that right the half of the second differential mechanism in left commutator assembly
The left half axle of axis and the first differential mechanism is same axis；The left half axle of second differential mechanism and the first differential mechanism in right commutator assembly
Right axle shaft is same axis.
5. vehicle primary actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell of output axle shaft circumference and the second differential mechanism
First engaging tooth of outer circumferential portion is annular external tooth, and the second engaging tooth of lock ring circumference is annular internal tooth.
6. vehicle primary actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the second engaging tooth of lock ring always with output half
First engaging tooth of axis is intermeshed；4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring is mutually nibbled with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell always
It closes.
7. vehicle primary actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that the first engaging tooth and the second differential of output axle shaft
First engaging tooth of device shell, when along output axle shaft axis projection, the edge of the two projection overlaps.
8. vehicle primary actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the 4th engaging tooth of locating snap ring includes external tooth and interior
Tooth, wherein external tooth are often engaged with the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell inner peripheral portion, and internal tooth can be engaged in external tooth with shell third
In the state that tooth is meshed, it is meshed with the third engaging tooth of the second reducer shell.
9. the control method based on any one of the claim 1-8 vehicle primary actuators, characterized in that including：
Define first state position and the second mode bit of lock ring：Lock ring first state position be the second engaging tooth only with output half
The state that the first engaging tooth of axis is meshed, the second mode bit be the second drive side of tooth when with output axle shaft and the second differential casing
The state that is meshed of the first engaging tooth；
Define first state position and the second mode bit of locating snap ring：Locating snap ring first state position is, when four drive side of tooth and master
The state that the third engaging tooth of gear housing and the second differential casing is meshed, the second mode bit be the 4th engaging tooth only with
The state that the third engaging tooth of primary actuator shell is meshed；
When normal vehicle operation, controls lock ring and locating snap ring keeps the second mode bit so that when drive bevel gear rotates, drive
Main reducing gear output axle shaft rotates simultaneously with the second differential mechanism and primary actuator output axle shaft；
When vehicle needs pivot stud, drive bevel gear is controlled first and is stopped operating, is then required according to direction to be turned, control waits for
Turn the lock ring of direction side and locating snap ring switch to first state position so that the second differential casing of direction side to be turned with
Primary actuator shell locking, then control drive bevel gear and rotate again so that the output axle shaft gear of the second differential mechanism drives master
Driver output axle shaft is rotated towards the direction opposite with main reducing gear output axle shaft rotation direction.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, when vehicle needs pivot stud, control drive bevel gear stop
After rotation, the lock ring for controlling direction side to be turned first switches to first state position, then controls stopping for direction side to be turned
Rotating ring switches to first state position, then restores the rotation for actively chasing after bevel gear.
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| CN201810383512.9A CN108518473B (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Main driver of vehicle and control method thereof |
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| CN112049915A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-shaft differential device |
| CN112429078A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-02 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Control method and control system for engineering vehicle |
| CN113459803A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-10-01 | 李重生 | Automobile capable of rotating in situ and application method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109458440A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 新乡北方车辆仪表有限公司 | A kind of double fluid gearbox |
| CN112049915A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-shaft differential device |
| CN112049915B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2022-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-shaft differential device |
| CN110562035A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-13 | 陈云云 | Walking and arbitrary steering chassis of crawler vehicle and control method thereof |
| CN112429078A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-02 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Control method and control system for engineering vehicle |
| CN113459803A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-10-01 | 李重生 | Automobile capable of rotating in situ and application method thereof |
| CN113459803B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2022-06-14 | 李重生 | Automobile capable of rotating in situ and application method thereof |
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