CN108509288B - Method, system and equipment for reading and writing data and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
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- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
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- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
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Abstract
The application provides a method, a system, equipment and a computer readable storage medium for reading and writing data, which comprises the steps of pre-establishing a mapping relation between an identifier of memcg and an identifier of blkcg; in the process of data write-back, acquiring the identification of memcg according to the index node of the dirty page; creating a write-back structure according to the identification of the memcg; acquiring blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relation; and carrying out IO operation on data write back according to the blkcg speed limit information. By the method, different processes have better fairness in IO use, the mutual influence among the processes is reduced, particularly, better resource control capability is achieved for IO intensive application and a slow disk, the method is easy to realize, a corresponding speed limit strategy can be set without modifying any application layer interface, the application limit of CGroups is eliminated, and the IO application speed limit of the CGroups is widened.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, a device, and a computer-readable storage medium for reading and writing data.
Background
In computers such as Linux systems, IO operations, i.e., read operations and/or write operations, for files and the like are often involved, wherein a buffered IO (buffered IO) mode is adopted in which data is written into a memory (Page Cache) for caching and then written back to a disk and the like to improve IO performance. Because most application programs are read-write operations, when the same storage device is shared by a plurality of processes, mutual influence can be caused, and even a certain process generates a large amount of IO (input/output) to cause other processes to be blocked for a long time. For this problem, IO speed limit operation is generally performed.
The existing IO speed limiting method is that CGroups V2(Control Groups) is adopted to limit the speed of writeback, and this function can identify the generation process of internal dirty data, so that blkcg information (speed limiting information) is transmitted to a block device layer during writeback to achieve the purpose of limiting the speed, however, CGroups V2 has a necessary premise that memcg and blkcg must use the same hierarchy structure, otherwise, blkcg information cannot be obtained according to the identification of memcg, and the background process management and most application programs of the currently widely applied Linux system are multi-hierarchy CGrous user interfaces, which is difficult to meet at present, so that the IO speed limiting application is very limited, and the resource Control capability is unbalanced.
Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problems is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The method can achieve better resource control capability, can set a corresponding speed limit strategy without modifying any application layer interface, and eliminates the application limit of the CGroups, thereby widening the IO speed limit application of the CGroups. Another object of the present application is to provide a system, an apparatus and a computer-readable storage medium for reading and writing data, all of which have the above advantages.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a data reading and writing method, which is applied to CGroups, and includes:
a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg is created in advance;
in the process of data write-back, acquiring the identification of the memcg according to the index node of the dirty page;
creating a write-back structure according to the identification of the memcg;
acquiring blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relation;
and carrying out IO operation on data write back according to the blkcg speed limit information.
Preferably, the process of acquiring blkcg speed limit information specifically includes:
IO throughput information is obtained.
Preferably, the process of acquiring blkcg speed limit information specifically includes:
and acquiring IOPS information of the number of IO operations per second.
Preferably, the process of creating the mapping relationship between the identifier of the memcg and the identifier of the blkcg in advance specifically includes:
a first mapping relation between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg _ css is created in advance;
and creating a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg according to the first mapping relation, the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the memcg and the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the blkcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application further provides a data reading and writing system, which is applied to CGroups, and includes:
a first creating unit, configured to create a mapping relationship between an identifier of the memcg and an identifier of the blkcg in advance;
the first obtaining unit is used for obtaining the identification of the memcg according to the index node of the dirty page in the process of data write back;
the second creating unit is used for creating a write-back structure according to the identification of the memcg;
the second obtaining unit is used for obtaining blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relation;
and the write-back unit is used for carrying out IO operation on data write-back according to the blkcg speed limit information.
Preferably, the second obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain IOPS information of the number of times of IO operations per second.
Preferably, the second obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain IO throughput information.
Preferably, the first creating unit is specifically configured to create a first mapping relationship between an identifier of memcg _ css and an identifier of blkcg _ css; and creating a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg according to the first mapping relation, the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the memcg and the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the blkcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application further provides a data reading and writing device, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of a method for reading and writing data as described above when executing the computer program.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for reading and writing data as described in any one of the above.
The application provides a data reading and writing method, which is applied to CGroups, a mapping relation between an identifier of memcg and an identifier of blkcg is pre-established in the application, the mapping relation is equivalent to a pointer between the two, when data is written back, because a write-back structure is established according to the identifier of memcg, the identifier of memcg can be obtained firstly when data is written back, and then the identifier of blkcg can be found according to the mapping relation between the identifier and the pre-established identifier of memcg and the identifier of blkcg, so that speed limit information of blkcg can be obtained, and IO operation of a current process can be limited after speed limit information of blkcg exists. By the method, better resource control capability can be achieved, different processes have better fairness in IO use, the mutual influence among the processes is reduced, particularly IO intensive application and a slow disk, IO speed limit is easy to realize, a corresponding speed limit strategy can be set without modifying an interface of any application layer, application limit of CGroups is eliminated, and therefore IO speed limit application of the CGroups is widened.
The application also provides a system, equipment and a computer readable storage medium for reading and writing data, and the system, the equipment and the computer readable storage medium have the same beneficial effects as the method for reading and writing data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the prior art and the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a data reading and writing method provided in the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data reading and writing system provided in the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data reading and writing device provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
The core of the application is to provide a data reading and writing method, the application can achieve better resource control capability, corresponding speed limit strategies can be set without modifying interfaces of any application layer, application limits of the CGroups are eliminated, and IO speed limit application of the CGroups is widened. Another core of the present application is to provide a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for reading and writing data, all having the above beneficial effects.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a data reading and writing method provided in the present application, where the method includes:
step S11: a mapping relationship between the identification of memcg and the identification of blkcg is created in advance.
Specifically, in order to solve the problem proposed by the background art, that is, when the memcg and the blkcg are not in the same hierarchical structure, the memcg and the blkcg may separately create respective directories, and add the identifier (PID) of the corresponding process to the required directory for memory limitation and IO speed limitation, when data is written back, the identifier of the memcg may be easily obtained.
It should be noted that memcg describes memory limitation, blkcg describes IO speed limitation, and memory limitation is relatively easy to implement.
Step S12: and in the process of data write-back, acquiring the identification of the memcg according to the index node of the dirty page.
Specifically, when a process is added to a directory of the memcg, the process is controlled by the memory of the memcg, and when data is written to the memory for caching, an index node of a dirty page generated by the process is an identifier of the memcg, that is, an ID of the memcg, and the identifier of the memcg is easy to obtain, and the identifier of the blkcg can be further obtained according to the identifier of the memcg.
Step S13: a write back structure is created based on the memcg's identification.
Specifically, the write-back structure, i.e. the write-back linked list, creates different write-back structures through the identification of memcg, and the memory limitations of different processes may be different, at this time, the memory limitation information of the current process may be known according to the information of the write-back structure, for example, the memory limitation of the process a is 100M.
Step S14: and acquiring blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relation.
Specifically, the write-back structure is created according to the memcg identifier, that is, the memcg identifier and the memcg identifier correspond to each other one by one, so that the memcg identifier can be known through the write-back structure, and then the corresponding blkcg identifier can be obtained according to the mapping relationship between the memcg identifier and the blkcg identifier, so as to find the blkcg speed limit information.
Step S15: and carrying out IO operation on data write back according to the blkcg speed limit information.
Specifically, after the blkcg speed limit information exists, when data is written into the block device from the memory, the speed limit of the IO data transmission can be performed according to the number of the device, for example, the maximum IOPS (Input/output operations Per Second) of a certain process on the block device is limited to 16000, and the general writing is as follows: device number 16000.
The application provides a data reading and writing method, which is applied to CGroups, a mapping relation between an identifier of memcg and an identifier of blkcg is pre-established in the application, the mapping relation is equivalent to a pointer between the two, when data is written back, because a write-back structure is established according to the identifier of memcg, the identifier of memcg can be obtained firstly when data is written back, and then the identifier of blkcg can be found according to the mapping relation between the identifier and the pre-established identifier of memcg and the identifier of blkcg, so that speed limit information of blkcg can be obtained, and IO operation of a current process can be limited after speed limit information of blkcg exists. By the method, better resource control capability can be achieved, different processes have better fairness in IO use, the mutual influence among the processes is reduced, particularly IO intensive application and a slow disk, IO speed limit is easy to realize, a corresponding speed limit strategy can be set without modifying an interface of any application layer, application limit of CGroups is eliminated, and therefore IO speed limit application of the CGroups is widened.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment:
as a preferred embodiment, the process of acquiring blkcg speed limit information specifically includes:
IO throughput information is obtained.
Specifically, IO throughput may be set as blkcg speed limit information, where IO throughput refers to the amount of data that can be successfully transmitted by the memory and the block device in unit time. For a large number of read-write applications, IO speed limit is more reliable by setting IO throughput. In practical application, because a corresponding relation exists between the IO throughput and the consumed resources, the consumed resource values corresponding to different IO throughputs can be obtained according to the corresponding relation, so that the amount of the consumed resources for executing IO operation can be determined by means of the IO throughput, and the IO speed limit is more reliable and accurate.
As a preferred embodiment, the process of acquiring blkcg speed limit information specifically includes:
and acquiring IOPS information of the number of IO operations per second.
Specifically, in practical application, the IOPS may also be set as blkcg speed limit information, that is, the number of IO operations of the memory and the block device in unit time, where the number of IO operations in unit time may be the number of IO operations in each minute, the number of IO operations in each second, and the like. Of course, the blkcg speed limit information may be other, and may be determined specifically according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein.
As a preferred embodiment, the process of creating in advance the mapping relationship between the memcg identifier and the blkcg identifier specifically includes:
a first mapping relation between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg _ css is created in advance;
and creating a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg through the first mapping relation, the one-to-one correspondence relation between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the memcg and the one-to-one correspondence relation between the identification of the blkcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg.
Specifically, in consideration of the fact that in practical application, memcg and blkcg are not directly associated to a process, but are associated with the process through memcg _ css and blkcg _ css, it is difficult to directly establish the mapping relationship between the identification of memcg and the identification of blkcg, and the mapping relationship between the identification of memcg _ css and the identification of blkcg _ css is simple, so the mapping relationship between the identification of memcg and the identification of blkcg is established through the mapping relationship between the identification of memcg _ css and the identification of blkcg _ css. The specific method comprises the following steps: adding a pair _ blkcg _ ID field in the memcg _ css, and setting the field as the Identification (ID) of the blkcg _ css, thereby establishing the mapping relationship between the memcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg _ css, wherein the identification of the blkcg _ css is easy to obtain, the ID of the blkcg _ css of the kernel can be exported to the user space through the sys file system, and the identification of the memcg _ css can be obtained in the same way. The identification of the blkcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg have a one-to-one correspondence, and the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the memcg have a one-to-one correspondence, so that when data is written back, the identification of the memcg is obtained firstly according to a dirty page index node, the identification of the memcg _ css is further obtained, the identification of the blkcg _ css is obtained according to a pair _ blkcg _ id field, the identification of the blkcg is further found, corresponding blkcg speed limit information is obtained, and then the blkcg speed limit information is transmitted to a block device layer through a file system to realize the speed limit function.
Of course, besides the above method, the mapping relationship between the memcg identifier and the blkcg identifier may be established by other methods, and the application is not particularly limited herein.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data reading and writing system provided in the present application, the system including:
a first creating unit 1, configured to create a mapping relationship between an identifier of memcg and an identifier of blkcg in advance;
the first obtaining unit 2 is configured to obtain an identifier of the memcg according to an index node of the dirty page in a data write-back process;
a second creating unit 3, configured to create a write-back structure according to the identifier of the memcg;
the second obtaining unit 4 is configured to obtain blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relationship;
and the write-back unit 5 is used for performing IO operation on data write-back according to the blkcg speed limit information.
As a preferred embodiment, the second obtaining unit 4 is specifically configured to obtain IOPS information of the number of IO operations performed per second.
As a preferred embodiment, the second obtaining unit 4 is specifically configured to obtain IO throughput information.
As a preferred embodiment, the first creating unit 1 is specifically configured to create a first mapping relationship between an identifier of memcg _ css and an identifier of blkcg _ css; and creating a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg through the first mapping relation, the one-to-one correspondence relation between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the memcg and the one-to-one correspondence relation between the identification of the blkcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg.
For introduction of a data reading and writing system provided by the present application, please refer to the above method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
To solve the above problem, please refer to fig. 3, where fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data reading and writing device provided in the present application, the device includes:
a memory 101 for storing a computer program;
the processor 102 is configured to implement the steps of the data reading and writing method described in any of the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
For the introduction of the device provided in the present application, please refer to the above method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
To solve the above problem, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program can implement the following steps:
a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg is created in advance;
in the process of data write-back, acquiring the identification of memcg according to the index node of the dirty page;
creating a write-back structure according to the identification of the memcg;
acquiring blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relation;
and carrying out IO operation on data write back according to the blkcg speed limit information.
The computer-readable storage medium may include: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
For the introduction of the computer-readable storage medium provided in the present application, please refer to the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The system, the device and the computer readable storage medium for reading and writing the data have the same beneficial effects as the method for reading and writing the data.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reading and writing data is applied to CGroups, and comprises the following steps:
a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg is created in advance;
in the process of data write-back, acquiring the identification of the memcg according to the index node of the dirty page;
creating a write-back structure according to the identification of the memcg;
acquiring blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relation;
and carrying out IO operation on data write back according to the blkcg speed limit information.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the process of acquiring blkcg speed limit information specifically comprises:
IO throughput information is obtained.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the process of acquiring blkcg speed limit information specifically comprises:
and acquiring IOPS information of the number of IO operations per second.
4. The method for reading and writing data according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the process of creating in advance the mapping relationship between the memcg identifier and the blkcg identifier specifically includes:
a first mapping relation between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg _ css is created in advance;
and creating a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg according to the first mapping relation, the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the memcg and the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the blkcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg.
5. A system for reading and writing data is applied to CGroups, and comprises:
a first creating unit, configured to create a mapping relationship between an identifier of the memcg and an identifier of the blkcg in advance;
the first obtaining unit is used for obtaining the identification of the memcg according to the index node of the dirty page in the process of data write back;
the second creating unit is used for creating a write-back structure according to the identification of the memcg;
the second obtaining unit is used for obtaining blkcg speed limit information according to the write-back structure and the mapping relation;
and the write-back unit is used for carrying out IO operation on data write-back according to the blkcg speed limit information.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the second obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain IOPS information about the number of IO operations performed per second.
7. The system according to claim 5, wherein the second obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain IO throughput information.
8. The system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the first creating unit is specifically configured to create a first mapping relationship between an identifier of memcg _ css and an identifier of blkcg _ css; and creating a mapping relation between the identification of the memcg and the identification of the blkcg according to the first mapping relation, the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the memcg _ css and the identification of the memcg and the one-to-one correspondence between the identification of the blkcg _ css and the identification of the blkcg.
9. A data read-write apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
processor for implementing the steps of a method for reading and writing data according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing said computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for reading and writing data according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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