CN108508423A - Submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method - Google Patents
Submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108508423A CN108508423A CN201810074327.1A CN201810074327A CN108508423A CN 108508423 A CN108508423 A CN 108508423A CN 201810074327 A CN201810074327 A CN 201810074327A CN 108508423 A CN108508423 A CN 108508423A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method, solve that be evenly dividing the low adding window of submatrix degree of freedom invalid, and the problem of special-shaped battle array angle measurement can not divide identical submatrix.Realize that step has：The initial position of optimization submatrix makes submatrix phase center project misaligned and approaches uniformity in azimuth dimension, and an approximate even linear array is equivalent in azimuth dimension；Array element grade receipt signal model, including signal, interference and noise；Array element grade receives data and is transformed into Subarray, and Wave beam forming is carried out in Subarray；Azimuth dimension pitching dimension angle measurement weights respectively forms two wave beams being differently directed；Azimuth dimension pitching peacekeeping difference beam；Azimuth dimension pitching peacekeeping difference compares curve；Angle measurement is carried out to target.The present invention optimizes submatrix position, increases the degree of freedom of azimuth dimension, realizes effective adding window；Meanwhile number and poor Monopulse estimation are carried out in Subarray, antenna aperature is made full use of, angle measurement accuracy is improved, is used for missile-borne platform radar angle measurement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to array signal processing technologies, relate generally to side angle of the radar to target, specifically a kind of base
Submatrix number in special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method, are used for missile-borne platform.
Background technology
With poor Monopulse estimation, it is only necessary to a radar pulse echo can obtain simultaneously the orientation of target, pitching and
Range information.With poor Monopulse estimation system due to its angular tracking accuracy height, in combination with the adaptive digital wave of array antenna
Beam forms technology, constitutes the tracking system with anti-interference ability and is widely used.Currently, surveying and leading with poor pulse
There are conventional phase and poor Monopulse estimation and conventional vibration amplitude and poor Monopulse estimation.
Tradition and poor Monopulse estimation, are two or four identical arrays by antenna array partition.At one
In angle plane, two beam of unit partly overlap, and overlapping direction is antenna axis.The echo-signal that the two units are received into
Row compares, and obtains angular error signal of the target in this plane.When target is located on antenna axis, each wave beam echo-signal
Amplitude and phase it is equal, angular error signal zero；When target deviates antenna axis, the amplitude and phase of two wave beam echo-signals
Position is unequal, generates angular error signal, can measure pitch angle and the azimuth of target.Electricity is driven using this angle error voltage
Machine makes antenna be moved to the direction for reducing error, until the direction of antenna axis alignment target.
In certain radar systems, the often massive phased array antenna of thousands of array elements composition.If system is every
After a bay plus a set of reception system, such system cannot achieve in engineering.Thousands of reception system
Huge hardware cost is brought, at the same time, the data volume of magnanimity is proposed more the storage capacity of system with processing speed
High requirement.If by the way of full battle array array signal processing, required operand and amount of storage are very big, constringency performance pole
Difference.In order to overcome problems faced in engineering, partial array signal processing is usually used.It is often necessary to first physically carry out
Dimensionality reduction is exactly Subarray partition, then carries out array signal processing again.
Pueraria lobota wear et al. paper " a kind of non-homogeneous Antenna Subarray Division of planar array " (fire control radar technology, 2012,41
(3)：Uniform Subarray partition and a kind of non-homogeneous Subarray partition 13-17) are described, wherein uniform Subarray partition is weighted in Subarray
When, degree of freedom reduces, the problem of can not carrying out effective adding window, have graing lobe and grid zero.
Once behaviour et al. was in paper " phased array Subarray and poor multi-beam angle-measuring method " (Xian Electronics Science and Technology University's journal：
Natural science edition, 2013,40 (1):Symmetrical negate 19-25) is proposed to be directed toward and poor multi-beam survey with poor multi-beam angle measurement and four
Angle.But it is that antenna array partition is passed through into 4 differences needed in 4 identical arrays formation angle measurements at 4 identical arrays
The directional diagram of beam position, aperture utilization ratio is relatively low, and such division can not be carried out for special-shaped battle array；Meanwhile it dividing
Array carry out full array beamforming, calculation amount is bigger in practical application.
In short, in Subarray digital beam froming, multiple array elements share a receiving channel, and Wave beam forming is corresponding to be added
The dimension of weight vector is less than the number of array element, and degree of freedom is less than array number.Degree of freedom is lost, and effective adding window reduction side can not be carried out
To the minor level of figure, directional diagram minor level is higher.Meanwhile traditional and poor pulse side angle divides two or four
Equal submatrix can not mark off submatrix identical in this way for special-shaped battle array.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of increase azimuth dimension degree of freedom, realization side
Effective adding window is tieed up in position, and then improves the submatrix number and difference Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array of angle measurement accuracy.
The present invention is a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method, is included the following steps：
(1) initial position of every first submatrix of row submatrix of optimization, azimuth dimension or so is handed between the submatrix adjacent rows of division
Fork arrangement so that the phase center of all submatrixs is mutually misaligned in the projection of azimuth dimension, and a special-shaped battle array is formed after optimization：
(1a) divides the original array of antenna, is divided into L submatrix, often row submatrix or individualism or multiple
Close-packed arrays are embarked on journey, and I rows are amounted to, and I is the total line number of submatrix that antenna array divides, NiFor the number of the i-th row submatrix, i is arbitrary
One line number, i=1~I；
(1b) assumes that the X-axis initial coordinate of submatrix first submatrix of each row divided is di, the first row to the first of I row
A submatrix X-axis initial coordinate is d1,…,dI；
The coordinate of each submatrix phase center in each row of (1c) optimization：The X axis coordinate of each submatrix of each row submatrix,
On the basis of first submatrix initial position of the row, to right translation, translational movement is different adjacent submatrix phase center spacing,
Different submatrix phase center spacing number sequences are 0~Ni- 1, then the X axis coordinate of each submatrix optimized：Xjm=dj+(m-
1) D, D are the spacing of adjacent submatrix phase center, j=1~I, m=1~Ni, XjmFor the seat after m-th of the submatrix optimization of jth row
Mark；
(1d) Optimality Criteria：Optimize the initial coordinate of first submatrix of each row, the two neighboring son for making projection get off as possible
Battle array spacing is equal as possible；By multi-dimensional optimization, the initial coordinate d of first submatrix of each row is searched for1,…,dISo that it does not go together every
The edge dislocation of a submatrix is misaligned, and is exactly Xjm≠Xpq, j ≠ p, p=1~I, q=1~Ni, and XjmWith its X-axis projection
The spacing of two adjacent submatrixs is equal；
The phase center of the special-shaped battle array obtained after (1e) optimization, special-shaped a period of time battle array increases in azimuth dimension projection number, freely
Degree increases, and an approximate even linear array is equivalent in azimuth dimension；
(2) array element grade receives data：On the basis of special-shaped battle array, the reception signal X (t) of antenna array elements grade includes three
Kind signal, is desired signal, orthogonal interference signal and noise signal N (t) respectively：
X (t)=AS (t)+N (t)
AS (t) includes desired signal and orthogonal interference signal；
(3) the reception data X (t) of a burst of first grade of abnormity is transformed into Subarray, receiving data to Subarray carries out number
Weighting, digital beam froming is carried out by way of special-shaped a period of time battle array：
(3a) array element grade receives data to the transition matrix of SubarrayDwFor array element grade amplitude weighting value
Corresponding diagonal matrix,For the corresponding diagonal matrix of array element grade phase weighting, T is the dividing condition for describing submatrix
Matrix；
The reception data X of (3b) abnormity battle array Subarraysub(t)=TdX(t)；
(3c) carries out digital beam froming, the output after Subarray data weighting in SubarrayWsub
It is Subarray weighted value, ()HIndicate conjugate transposition；When only desired signal, the directional diagram of aerial array It is the steering vector of array element grade desired signal, wherein θ is pitch angle,For orientation
Angle；
(3d) abnormity battle array directly uses directional diagram product theorem to calculate aerial array using the submatrix being evenly dividing
Directional diagram；
In formula,For the directional diagram of submatrix,For the directional diagram for the Thinned arrays that submatrix is constituted；
(4) when special-shaped battle array is to azimuth dimension angle measurement, phase compensation is carried out for different pitch angles, in azimuth dimension after compensation
Form two wave beams being differently directed：
(4a) ties up pitching and carries out phase compensation, and azimuth dimension two is differently directed wave beam weight vector and is θ (t) is the pitch angle of t moment,WithThe azimuth being differently directed for two, a1It is oriented to for Subarray
Vector；
(4b) carries out array received data in the projection sequence of azimuth dimension according to the phase center of each submatrix after optimization
Windowing process, two weight vectors being differently directed after adding window are respectively：
WwinCan be Taylor's window, Hamming window etc. for window function；
(4c) obtains two beam patterns being differently directed in azimuth dimension：
(5) it by two beam patterns being differently directed of azimuth dimension, is calculated and difference beam：
(5a) two beam position directional diagrams, which are added, to be formed and beam pattern：
∑ (t)=y1(t)+y2(t)
(5b) two beam position directional diagrams subtract each other to form difference beam directional diagram：
△ (t)=y1(t)-y2(t)
(6) patterns calculating of basis and difference beam and poor ratio, obtain special-shaped array antenna compares curve with difference：
(7) under certain signal-to-noise ratio, target echo signal pitching dimension phase is compensated, target bearing dimension is calculated
With poor ratio, than curve comparison, the measurement of azimuth of target is realized with difference；
(8) to the measurement at target pitch angle：Phase compensation is carried out for different azimuths, shape is tieed up in pitching after compensation
It is differently directed wave beam at two：
(8a) carries out phase compensation to azimuth dimension, and pitching ties up two and is differently directed wave beam weight vector It is the azimuth of t moment, θ1And θ2For two different pitch angles；
(8b) returns to step (4b)~step (4c), and the direction of two different beams direction is obtained in pitch orientation
Figure；
(9) step (5)~step (6) is then executed：Pitching dimension is calculated according to two beam patterns being differently directed
With poor directional diagram, obtain pitching dimension compares curve with difference；
(10) under certain signal-to-noise ratio, target echo signal azimuth dimension phase is compensated, calculates target pitch dimension
And poor ratio, than curve comparison, realize the measurement at target pitch angle with difference, completed jointly based on special-shaped battle array in conjunction with step (7)
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method.
The present invention is effectively weighted by the position of optimization submatrix, the increase of azimuth dimension degree of freedom, realization azimuth dimension in Subarray,
Reduce minor level；Angle measurement is carried out by Subarray numerical weighted, makes full use of the aperture of antenna, improves angle measurement accuracy.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
First, the present invention is carried out by way of submatrix and poor Monopulse estimation, every first submatrix of row submatrix of optimization
Initial position, azimuth dimension cross arranges between adjacent rows submatrix so that throwing of the phase center of all submatrixs in azimuth dimension
Shadow is mutually misaligned, forms a special-shaped battle array after optimization, an approximate even linear array is equivalent in azimuth dimension.After optimization
The phase center of each submatrix carries out windowing process in the projection sequence of azimuth dimension to array received data, and azimuth dimension can carry out
Effective windowing process is effectively reduced the minor level of antenna array pattern.
Second, the present invention receives data by digital form realization and poor Monopulse estimation, to Subarray and carries out digital add
Power, when forming two wave beams being differently directed.Using full array beamforming, the abundant aperture using array improves angle measurement
Precision, while avoiding special-shaped battle array and needing to be divided into the identical array of two or four using tradition and difference Monopulse estimation
Process.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is inventive antenna array structure and Subarray partition situation；
Fig. 3 is number of the invention and poor pulse block diagram；
Fig. 4 is 1 directional diagram of azimuth dimension wave beam of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is 2 directional diagram of azimuth dimension wave beam of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is azimuth dimension of the present invention and wave beam, difference beam directional diagram；
Fig. 7 is that azimuth dimension and difference of the present invention compare curve；
Fig. 8 is to carry out 1000 measurements, obtained angle estimation and detection probability to azimuth of target.
Fig. 9 is pitching dimension 1 directional diagram of wave beam of the present invention；
Figure 10 is pitching dimension 2 directional diagram of wave beam of the present invention；
Figure 11 is pitching peacekeeping wave beam of the present invention, difference beam directional diagram；
Figure 12 is that pitching peacekeeping difference of the present invention compares curve；
Figure 13 is to carry out 1000 measurements, obtained angle estimation and detection probability to target pitch angle.
Specific implementation mode：
Below in conjunction with attached drawing to the detailed description of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Digital beam forming technology is applied simultaneously few in missile-borne Connectors for Active Phased Array Radar at present, the main reason is that relatively
For the system that microwave synthesizes wave beam, the quantity for the transceiver channel that digital beam froming system needs is very big.It is especially active
Phased-array antenna, multi-channel rf amplification, frequency conversion, until AD sampling and subsequent processing, be difficult to bear in scale and cost.It passes
System and difference pulse side angle need the equal submatrix of antenna array partition two or four.For special-shaped battle array, can not divide
Go out submatrix identical in this way.Meanwhile in Subarray digital beam froming, multiple array elements share a receiving channel, right
The dimension for the weight vectors answered is less than element number of array, and degree of freedom is less than array number, and degree of freedom is smaller, and adding window is invalid, directional diagram
Minor level is higher.For this problem, the present invention expands innovation and research, proposes a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array
Method is surveyed with poor pulse, is included the following steps：
(1) initial position of every first submatrix of row submatrix of optimization, azimuth dimension or so is handed between the submatrix adjacent rows of division
Fork arrangement so that the phase center of all submatrixs is mutually misaligned in the projection of azimuth dimension, and a special-shaped battle array is formed after optimization.
(1a) divides the original array of antenna, is divided into L submatrix, often row submatrix or individualism or multiple
Close-packed arrays are embarked on journey, and I rows are amounted to, and I is the total line number of submatrix that antenna array divides, NiFor the number of the i-th row submatrix, i is arbitrary
One line number, i=1~I.
(1b) assumes that the X-axis initial coordinate of submatrix first submatrix of each row divided is di, the first row to the first of I row
A submatrix X-axis initial coordinate is d1,…,dI。
The coordinate of each submatrix phase center in each row of (1c) optimization：The X axis coordinate of each submatrix of each row submatrix,
On the basis of first submatrix initial position of the row, to right translation, translational movement is different adjacent submatrix phase center spacing,
Different submatrix phase center spacing number sequences are 0~Ni- 1, i=1~I, NiFor the number of the i-th row submatrix, then what is optimized is each
The X axis coordinate of a submatrix：Xjm=dj+ (m-1) D, D are the spacing of adjacent submatrix phase center, j=1~I, m=1~Ni, XjmFor
Coordinate after m-th of the submatrix optimization of jth row.
(1d) Optimality Criteria：Optimize the initial coordinate of first submatrix of each row, the two neighboring son for making projection get off as possible
Battle array spacing is equal as possible；By multi-dimensional optimization, the initial coordinate d of first submatrix of each row is searched for1,…,dISo that it does not go together every
The edge dislocation of a submatrix is misaligned, and is exactly Xjm≠Xpq, j ≠ p, p=1~I, q=1~Ni, and XjmWith its X-axis projection
The spacing of two adjacent submatrixs is equal.
The phase center of the special-shaped battle array obtained after (1e) optimization, special-shaped a period of time battle array increases in azimuth dimension projection number, freely
Degree increases, and an approximate even linear array is equivalent in azimuth dimension.
(2) array element grade receives data：On the basis of special-shaped battle array, the reception signal X (t) of antenna array elements grade includes three
Kind signal, is desired signal, orthogonal interference signal and noise signal N (t) respectively：
X (t)=AS (t)+N (t)
AS (t) includes desired signal and orthogonal interference signal.
(3) the reception data X (t) of a burst of first grade of abnormity is transformed into Subarray, receiving data to Subarray carries out number
Weighting, digital beam froming is carried out by way of special-shaped a period of time battle array：
(3a) array element grade receives data to the transition matrix of SubarrayDwFor array element grade amplitude weighting value
Corresponding diagonal matrix,For the corresponding diagonal matrix of array element grade phase weighting, T is the dividing condition for describing submatrix
Matrix.
The reception data X of (3b) abnormity battle array Subarraysub(t)=TdX(t)。
(3c) carries out digital beam froming, the output after Subarray data weighting in SubarrayWsub
It is Subarray weighted value, ()HIndicate conjugate transposition；When only desired signal, the directional diagram of aerial array It is the steering vector of array element grade desired signal, wherein θ is pitch angle,For side
Parallactic angle.
(3d) abnormity battle array directly uses directional diagram product theorem to calculate aerial array using the submatrix being evenly dividing
Directional diagram：
In formula,For the directional diagram of submatrix,For the directional diagram for the Thinned arrays that submatrix is constituted.
(4) traditional single pulse achievees the purpose that be formed simultaneously multi-beam by the design of pulse feed, with digital wave
Beam formation technology is increasingly mature, and on the basis of array antenna, multi-beam is formed by carrying out numerical weighted to array signal
Become very convenient, digital beam forming technology generation may be used in two needed in Monopulse estimation wave beam.
When special-shaped battle array is to azimuth dimension angle measurement, phase compensation is carried out for different pitch angles, in azimuth dimension shape after compensation
The wave beam being differently directed at two：
(4a) ties up pitching and carries out phase compensation, and azimuth dimension two is differently directed wave beam weight vector and is θ (t) is the pitch angle of t moment,WithThe azimuth being differently directed for two, a1It is oriented to for Subarray
Vector.
(4b) carries out array received data in the projection sequence of azimuth dimension according to the phase center of each submatrix after optimization
Windowing process, two weight vectors being differently directed after adding window are respectively：
WwinCan be Taylor's window, Hamming window etc. for window function.
(4c) obtains two beam patterns being differently directed in azimuth dimension：
(5) it by two beam patterns being differently directed of azimuth dimension, is calculated and difference beam：
(5a) two beam position directional diagrams, which are added, to be formed and beam pattern：
∑ (t)=y1(t)+y2(t)
(5b) two beam position directional diagrams subtract each other to form difference beam directional diagram：
△ (t)=y1(t)-y2(t)
(6) patterns calculating of basis and difference beam and poor ratio, obtain special-shaped array antenna compares curve with difference：
(7) under certain signal-to-noise ratio, target echo signal pitching dimension phase is compensated, target bearing dimension is calculated
With poor ratio, than curve comparison, the measurement of azimuth of target is realized with difference.
(8) to the measurement at target pitch angle：Phase compensation is carried out for different azimuths, shape is tieed up in pitching after compensation
It is differently directed wave beam at two：
(8a) carries out phase compensation to azimuth dimension, and pitching ties up two and is differently directed wave beam weight vector It is the azimuth of t moment, θ1And θ2For two different pitch angles.
(8b) returns to step (4b)~step (4c), and the direction of two different beams direction is obtained in pitch orientation
Figure.
(9) step (5)~step (6) is then executed：Pitching dimension is calculated according to two beam patterns being differently directed
With poor directional diagram, obtain pitching dimension compares curve with difference.
(10) under certain signal-to-noise ratio, target echo signal azimuth dimension phase is compensated, calculates target pitch dimension
And poor ratio, than curve comparison, realize the measurement at target pitch angle with difference, completed jointly based on special-shaped battle array in conjunction with step (7)
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method.
Realizing the concrete thought of the present invention is, the initial position of every first submatrix of row submatrix of optimization, submatrix adjacent rows it
Between azimuth dimension cross arrange so that the phase center of all submatrixs is mutually misaligned in the projection of azimuth dimension, in submatrix number
In the case of certain, increase the degree of freedom of azimuth dimension, obtains being laid out than preferably front.Submatrix number simple venation based on special-shaped battle array
Angle measurement is rushed, special-shaped a period of time battle array phase center increases in the projection number of azimuth dimension after optimization, can carry out effectively windowing process,
Directional diagram minor level is relatively low.Meanwhile Wave beam forming is carried out by way of full battle array, make full use of the aperture of array, angle measurement
Precision it is relatively high.
Embodiment 2
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array are the same as embodiment 1, step (3a) transition matrix
In formula：
W=[w1,…,wN] be array element grade amplitude weighting, θdFor the direction of desired signal, i.e. array element grade phase shifter needs
The direction of focusing, a1(θd)~aN(θd) it is the corresponding phase weighting of each array element grade, T is the matrix of N × L, for describing submatrix
Dividing condition, wherein Nx(x=1,2 ... L) are the array number contained by x-th of submatrix, are mettxy(x=1,
2,…,L；Y=1,2 ..., Nx) can only be 1 or 0.
The present invention carries out Wave beam forming by way of submatrix, and array element level data is transformed into submatrix level data, corresponding
Weight vector dimension reduces, and is less than the number of array element, reduces the operand of follow-up signal processing.
Embodiment 3
With embodiment 1-2, step (3d) uses directional diagram for submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array
Product theorem calculates the directional diagram of aerial array, and calculation formula is as follows：
In formula,For the directional diagram of submatrix,Directional diagram for the Thinned arrays being made of submatrix,It is
M array element exists inside submatrixThe steering vector in direction,M array element exists inside submatrixSide
To steering vector,For beam position, λ is the wavelength of signal, and M is the element number that each submatrix includes, (xl,zl),
L=1 ..., M is the coordinate for including each unit in submatrix； Thinned arrays are constituted for submatrix to existSteering vector,
It is that submatrix composition Thinned arrays existThe steering vector L in direction is the number of antenna array partition submatrix, (xk,zk), k=
1 ..., L is the coordinate of L submatrix.
The dividing condition of the submatrix of abnormity battle array of the invention is to be evenly dividing, and the element number of array inside each submatrix is identical
, the calculating of directional diagram product theorem may be used in the directional diagram of special-shaped antenna array at this time.Meanwhile referring to forming certain wave beam
The beam position of Xiang Shi, submatrix and Thinned arrays wants identical.
Embodiment 4
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array are with embodiment 1-3, in orientation after step (5) compensation
Dimension forms two wave beams being differently directed, and calculation formula is as follows：
1 directional diagram of wave beam：
2 directional diagram of wave beam：
Two are further obtained by above formula is differently directed beam pattern.
The special-shaped array that the present invention is evenly dividing calculates the directional diagram of antenna using directional diagram product theorem.Simultaneously in side
When the dimension angle measurement of position, the pitch angle at certain moment is compensated, two wave beams are formed in azimuth dimension.The angle measurement of pitching dimension, it is right
The azimuth at certain moment compensates, and ties up to form two wave beams in pitching.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 1-4, step (5) is calculated and poor for submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method
Wave beam, calculation formula are as follows：
And beam pattern：
Difference beam directional diagram：
It is further obtained by above formula and difference beam directional diagram.
In special-shaped antenna array of the present invention and poor Monopulse estimation and difference beam directional diagram, passes through directional diagram product theorem
Two wave beams being differently directed addition subtraction calculations are calculated to obtain.
Embodiment 6
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array are the same as embodiment 1-5, step (7) of the present invention and step
(10) measurement of azimuth of target and pitch angle described in, be execute following steps, only generate two be differently directed
Steering vector calculation formula is different, is the measurement process of azimuth of target below：
7.1 generate target echo data It is target direction
Steering vector, SNR are the signal-to-noise ratio of target；
Directional diagram size of 7.2 two wave beams generated in target direction：
In formula, Xtar(t) it is the echo-signal of t moment target；
7.3 generate target directions and difference beam
7.4 calculating target directions and poor ratio：
7.5 by target direction and difference than and compared than curve with difference, obtain azimuth of target.
If being tieed up to pitching and carrying out angle measurement, phase compensation is carried out for different azimuths, shape is tieed up in pitching after compensation
It is differently directed wave beam at two：Phase compensation is carried out to azimuth dimension, pitching ties up two and is differently directed wave beam weight vector It is the azimuth of t moment, θ1And θ2For two different pitch angles.
Angle measurement is carried out using the echo-signal of target in the present invention, assumes not interfering with.At a time, echo-signal
Including the echo signal and noise signal under certain signal-to-noise ratio.Numerical weighted is carried out to echo-signal and sums to obtain two wave beams to exist
The directional diagram size of target direction, calculating and difference beam directional diagram, and then calculating and poor ratio, are compared with difference than curve,
Realize the angle measurement to target.
A more detailed example is given below, the present invention is further described in conjunction with attached drawing.
Embodiment 7
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array are with embodiment 1-6, the day after optimizing as shown in Figure 2
Linear array amounts to 192 array elements, divides 24 submatrixs, and each submatrix internal arrangement is 2 × 4.Aerial array after optimization is carried out
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation, realize angle measurement process, include the following steps referring to Fig.1：
The initial position of step 1, every first submatrix of row submatrix of optimization, azimuth dimension or so between the submatrix adjacent rows of division
Cross arrangement so that the phase center of all submatrixs is mutually misaligned in the projection of azimuth dimension, and a special-shaped battle array is formed after optimization：
(1) original array of antenna is divided, is divided into L submatrix, often row submatrix or individualism or multiple tight
It is close to be arranged in rows, amount to I rows, I is the total line number of submatrix that antenna array divides, NiFor the number of the i-th row submatrix, i is any one
A line number, i=1~I.
(2) assume that the X-axis initial coordinate of submatrix first submatrix of each row divided is di, the first row to the first of I row
A submatrix X-axis initial coordinate is d1,…,dI。
(3) optimize each row in each submatrix phase center coordinate：The X axis coordinate of each submatrix of each row submatrix,
On the basis of first submatrix initial position of the row, to right translation, translational movement is different adjacent submatrix phase center spacing,
Different submatrix phase center spacing number sequences are 0~Ni- 1, i=1~I, NiFor the number of the i-th row submatrix, then what is optimized is each
The X axis coordinate of a submatrix：Xjm=dj+ (m-1) D, D are the spacing of adjacent submatrix phase center, j=1~I, m=1~Ni, XjmFor
Coordinate after m-th of the submatrix optimization of jth row.
(4) Optimality Criteria：Optimize the initial coordinate of first submatrix of each row, the two neighboring submatrix for making projection get off as possible
Spacing is equal as possible；By multi-dimensional optimization, the initial coordinate d of first submatrix of each row is searched for1,…,dISo that it does not go together each
The edge dislocation of submatrix is misaligned, and is exactly Xjm≠Xpq, j ≠ p, p=1~I, q=1~Ni, and XjmWith its X-axis projection phase
The spacing of two adjacent submatrixs is equal.
(5) phase center of the special-shaped battle array obtained after optimizing, special-shaped a period of time battle array increases in azimuth dimension projection number, degree of freedom
Increase, an approximate even linear array is equivalent in azimuth dimension.
Step 2, array element grade receive data：On the basis of special-shaped battle array, the reception signal X (t) of antenna array elements grade is wrapped
Three kinds of signals are included, are desired signal, orthogonal interference signal and noise signal N (t) respectively：
X (t)=AS (t)+N (t)
AS (t) includes desired signal and orthogonal interference signal.
Its X (t)=[x1(t),x2(t),…,xN(t)], the data matrix of signal is：S (t)=[s1(t),s2(t),…,
sK(t)], the matrix of steering vector：A (θ)=[a (θ1),a(θ2),…,a(θK)]T, K is the number of signal, and N is the number of array element, and d is the spacing of array element, and λ is the wavelength of signal, noise
Matrix is：N (t)=[n1(t),n2(t),…,nN(t)]。
The reception data X (t) of a burst of first grade of abnormity is transformed into Subarray by step 3, and data are received into line number to Subarray
Word weights, and digital beam froming is carried out by way of special-shaped a period of time battle array：
(1) transition matrix of the array element grade reception data to SubarrayDwFor array element grade amplitude weighting value
Corresponding diagonal matrix,For the corresponding diagonal matrix of array element grade phase weighting, T is the dividing condition for describing submatrix
Matrix：
W=[w1,…,wN] be array element grade amplitude weighting, θdFor the direction of desired signal, i.e. array element grade phase shifter needs
The direction of focusing, a1(θd)~aN(θd) it is the corresponding phase weighting of each array element grade, T is the matrix of N × L, for describing submatrix
Dividing condition, wherein Nx(x=1,2 ... L) are the array number contained by x-th of submatrix, are mettxy(x=1,
2,…,L；Y=1,2 ..., Nx) can only be 1 or 0.
(2) the reception data X of special-shaped battle array Subarraysub(t)=TdX(t)。
(3) digital beam froming, the output after Subarray data weighting are carried out in SubarrayWsubIt is
Subarray weighted value, ()HIndicate conjugate transposition；When only desired signal, the directional diagram of aerial array It is the steering vector of array element grade desired signal, wherein θ is pitch angle,For side
Parallactic angle.
(4) special-shaped battle array directly uses directional diagram product theorem to calculate aerial array using the submatrix being evenly dividing
Directional diagram, calculation formula are as follows：
In formula,For the directional diagram of submatrix,Directional diagram for the Thinned arrays being made of submatrix,It is
M array element exists inside submatrixThe steering vector in direction,M array element exists inside submatrixSide
To steering vector,For beam position, λ is the wavelength of signal, and M is the element number that each submatrix includes, (xl,zl),
L=1 ..., M is the coordinate for including each unit in submatrix；
Thinned arrays are constituted for submatrix to existSteering vector,It is that submatrix composition Thinned arrays existDirection
Steering vector L be antenna array partition submatrix number, (xk,zk), k=1 ..., L are the coordinates of L submatrix.
When step 4, special-shaped battle array are to azimuth dimension angle measurement, phase compensation is carried out for different pitch angles, in side after compensation
Position dimension forms two wave beams being differently directed, and is the block diagram of number of the invention and poor Monopulse estimation referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3, is shown in figure
Show and formed two beam patterns being differently directed by 24 submatrixs, and then has obtained and difference beam：
(1) pitching is tieed up and carries out phase compensation, azimuth dimension two is differently directed wave beam weight vector and is θ (t) is the pitch angle of t moment,WithThe azimuth being differently directed for two, a1It is oriented to for Subarray
Vector.
(2) projection sequence according to the phase center of each submatrix after optimization in azimuth dimension adds array received data
Window processing, two weight vectors being differently directed after adding window are respectively：
WwinCan be Taylor's window, Hamming window etc. for window function.
(3) two beam patterns being differently directed are obtained in azimuth dimension：
1 directional diagram of wave beam：
2 directional diagram of wave beam：
Show that 24 submatrixs carry out number and poor Monopulse estimation in figure, it can be with being answered according to different but implement
With environment, different submatrix numbers is selected.
Step 5, by two beam patterns being differently directed of azimuth dimension, be calculated and difference beam：
Two beam position directional diagrams, which are added, to be formed and wave beam：
∑ (t)=y1(t)+y2(t)
And beam pattern：
Two beam position directional diagrams subtract each other to form difference beam：
△ (t)=y1(t)-y2(t)
Difference beam directional diagram：
Step 6, the patterns calculating of basis and difference beam and poor ratio, obtain special-shaped array antenna compares curve with difference：
Step 7, under certain signal-to-noise ratio, to target echo signal pitching dimension phase compensate, calculate target bearing
Dimension and poor ratio, than curve comparison, the measurement of azimuth of target is realized with difference：
(1) target echo data are generatedIt is target direction
Steering vector, SNR are the signal-to-noise ratio of target.
Two wave beams generated are small big in the directional diagram of target direction：
In formula, Xtar(t) it is the echo-signal of t moment target.
(2) generate target direction and difference beam
(3) calculate target direction and poor ratio：
(4) by target direction and difference than and compared than curve with difference, obtain azimuth of target.
Step 8, the measurement to target pitch angle：Phase compensation is carried out for different azimuths, in pitching after compensation
Dimension forms two and is differently directed wave beam：
(1) phase compensation is carried out to azimuth dimension, pitching ties up two and is differently directed wave beam weight vector It is the azimuth of t moment, θ1And θ2For two different pitch angles.
(2) (2)~(3) inside (4) are returned to step, the direction of two different beams direction is obtained in pitch orientation
Figure.
Step 9 then executes step 5~step 6：The sum of pitching dimension is calculated according to two beam patterns being differently directed
Poor directional diagram, obtain pitching dimension compares curve with difference.
Step 10, under certain signal-to-noise ratio, target echo signal azimuth dimension phase is compensated, calculate target pitch
Dimension and poor ratio, than curve comparison, is realized the measurement at target pitch angle with difference, is completed jointly based on special-shaped battle array in conjunction with step 7
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method.
The present invention is carried out by way of submatrix and poor Monopulse estimation, optimizes the initial position of each submatrix, increases
In the degree of freedom of azimuth dimension, azimuth dimension can carry out effectively adding window, reduce the minor level of antenna radiation pattern aerial array；
Monopulse estimation is carried out by 24 submatrixs, antenna aperature utilization ratio is high, and the precision of angle measurement improves.
The technique effect of the present invention is explained again with reference to analogous diagram.
Embodiment 8
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array are the same as embodiment 1-7.
Simulation parameter：The signal used in emulation experiment is far field narrow band signal.
Parameter such as table 1 in experiment：
1 azimuth dimension angle measurement simulation parameter of table
Emulation experiment content：
10 ° of beam position is tieed up in pitching, and 0 ° of the beam position of azimuth dimension forms two in azimuth dimension respectively and is oriented to 2.5 °
With -2.5 ° of wave beam, and carry out Taylor weight suppressed sidelobes.It the directional diagram and difference beam directional diagram of two wave beams and obtains
As also shown in e.g. figs. 4-7 than curve with difference.To signal-to-noise ratio 20dB, the target that 0.5 ° of azimuth carries out angle measurement, 1000 Monte Carlo realities
It tests, detection probability and angle estimation such as Fig. 8.
Analysis of simulation result：
When carrying out azimuth dimension Monopulse estimation, the left and right sides 0 ° of azimuth dimension beam position center is needed to form offset
The wave beam that half beam width is directed toward is added to be formed and wave beam by the two wave beams, subtracts each other to form difference beam, referring to Fig. 4~figure
6.Fig. 4 is the directional diagram of beam position 1, and Fig. 5 is the directional diagram of beam position 2, and Fig. 6 is and difference beam directional diagram.Fig. 4~Fig. 6
In, abscissa indicates that azimuth, ordinate indicate the amplitude of antenna radiation pattern.It can see from Fig. 4~Fig. 6, it is different after optimization
Shape a period of time battle array phase center increases in the number of the projection of azimuth dimension, and degree of freedom improves, and Taylor's weighting of -35dB is effective, weighting
The secondary lobe of two wave beams and difference beam directional diagram afterwards is all below -35dB.
Fig. 7 is with difference than curve, and abscissa is azimuth, and ordinate is and poor ratio to compare curve with difference as seen from Figure 7
The linearity within the scope of beam main lobe is good, meets the requirement of Monopulse estimation.
Fig. 8 is that the target that 0.5 ° of azimuth carries out angle measurement to signal-to-noise ratio 20dB, and the detection of 1000 Monte Carlo Experiments is general
Rate and angle error.Fig. 8 (a) abscissas indicate that experiment number, ordinate indicate detection probability；Fig. 8 (b) abscissas indicate experiment
Number, ordinate indicate angle estimation；Fig. 8 (c) abscissas indicate that azimuth, ordinate indicate angle estimation.It can from Fig. 8 (a)
To find out, 1000 Monte Carlo Experiments, the detection probability to target is 0.998, be can be seen that from Fig. 8 (b) and Fig. 8 (c)
0.5 ° or so is concentrated on to the angle estimation of target, angle error is 0.20 degree, and the Realization of Simulation confirms abnormity proposed by the present invention
Battle array technical solution, in Monopulse estimation, by submatrix digital beam pulse, angle-measuring method is effective and precision is relatively high.
Embodiment 9
Submatrix number and poor Monopulse estimation method based on special-shaped battle array are the same as embodiment 1-7.
Simulation parameter：The signal used in emulation experiment is far field narrow band signal.
Parameter such as table 2 in experiment：
Angle measurement simulation parameter is tieed up in 2 pitching of table
| Parameter name | Specific value | Parameter name | Specific value |
| Array element sum | 192 | The azimuth direction of target | 10° |
| Submatrix number | 24 | Pitching beam position 1 | 2.5° |
| Submatrix internal arrangement | 2×4 | Pitching beam position 2 | -2.5° |
| The directions x array element spacing | Dx=4.8mm | The pitching angular direction of target | 0.5° |
| The directions y array element spacing | Dy=5.6mm | Signal-to-noise ratio | 20dB |
| Taylor's adding window | -35dB | Pitching scanning range | - 25 °~25 ° |
Emulation experiment content：
10 ° of azimuth dimension beam position, 0 ° of the beam position of pitching dimension, ties up to form two and be oriented to 2.5 ° in pitching respectively
With -2.5 ° of wave beam, and carry out Taylor weight suppressed sidelobes.It the directional diagram and difference beam directional diagram of two wave beams and obtains
As shown in figs. 9 to 12 than curve with difference.To signal-to-noise ratio 20dB, the target that 0.5 ° of pitch angle carries out angle measurement, 1000 Monte Carlos
Experiment, detection probability and angle estimation such as Fig. 8.
Analysis of simulation result：
When carrying out pitching dimension Monopulse estimation, the left and right sides for tieing up 0 ° of beam position center in pitching is needed to form offset
The wave beam that half beam width is directed toward is added to be formed and wave beam by the two wave beams, subtracts each other to form difference beam.Fig. 9 refers to for wave beam
To 1 directional diagram, Figure 10 is the directional diagram of beam position 2, and Figure 11 is and difference beam directional diagram.In Fig. 9~Figure 11, abscissa table
The side's of showing pitch angle, ordinate indicate the amplitude of antenna radiation pattern.Can see from Fig. 9~Figure 11, two after weighting wave beam and
The secondary lobe of difference beam directional diagram is all below -20dB.
Figure 12 is and difference is than curve, and abscissa is pitch angle, and ordinate is pitching dimension and poor ratio.As seen from Figure 12
It is better than the linearity within the scope of beam main lobe with difference, meet the requirement of Monopulse estimation.
Figure 13 is that the target that 0.5 ° of pitch angle carries out angle measurement, the detection of 1000 Monte Carlo Experiments to signal-to-noise ratio 20dB
Probability and angle error.Figure 13 (a) abscissas indicate that experiment number, ordinate indicate detection probability；Figure 13 (b) abscissas indicate
Experiment number, ordinate indicate angle estimation；Figure 13 (c) abscissas indicate that azimuth, ordinate indicate angle estimation.From Figure 13
It (a), can from Figure 13 (b) and Figure 13 (c) as can be seen that 1000 Monte Carlo Experiments, the detection probability to target are 0.999
To find out, 0.5 ° or so is concentrated on to the angle estimation of target, angle error is 0.23 degree, and the Realization of Simulation confirms that the present invention proposes
Special-shaped battle array technical solution, in Monopulse estimation, by submatrix digital beam pulse, angle-measuring method effectively and precision compare
It is high.
The present invention optimizes the initial position of often first submatrix of row submatrix first, obtains optimal front layout, is then based on
Special-shaped battle array carries out number and poor Monopulse estimation in Subarray.Specific steps include：1, the initial position 2 of optimization submatrix, array element
Grade receipt signal model 3, array element grade receive data and are transformed into Subarray, and Wave beam forming 4, weighting formation two are carried out in Subarray
Wave beam 5, formation and difference beam 6 and difference carry out angle measurement than curve 7, to target.The present invention overcomes be evenly dividing in prior art
When submatrix carries out Wave beam forming, it is higher to weight invalid minor level, is difficult that mark off two or four identical with abnormity battle array
The problem of submatrix.
In brief, the submatrix number disclosed by the invention based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method, solve
The problem of low adding window of even division submatrix degree of freedom is invalid, and special-shaped battle array angle measurement can not divide identical submatrix.Realize that step has：It is excellent
The initial position of beggar's battle array makes submatrix phase center project misaligned and approaches uniformity in azimuth dimension, and one is equivalent in azimuth dimension
A approximate even linear array；Array element grade receipt signal model, including signal, interference and noise；Array element grade receives data and is transformed into
Subarray carries out Wave beam forming in Subarray；Azimuth dimension pitching dimension angle measurement weights respectively forms two wave beams being differently directed；Side
Position dimension pitching peacekeeping difference beam；Azimuth dimension pitching peacekeeping difference compares curve；Angle measurement is carried out to target.The present invention optimizes submatrix position,
The degree of freedom for increasing azimuth dimension, realizes effective adding window；Meanwhile in Subarray number and poor Monopulse estimation, making full use of antenna
Angle measurement accuracy is improved in aperture, is used for missile-borne platform radar angle measurement.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method, which is characterized in that including having the following steps：
(1) optimize the initial position of often first submatrix of row submatrix, azimuth dimension cross is arranged between the submatrix adjacent rows of division
Row so that the phase center of all submatrixs is mutually misaligned in the projection of azimuth dimension, and a special-shaped battle array is formed after optimization：
(1a) divides the original array of antenna, is divided into L submatrix, often row submatrix or individualism or multiple close
It is arranged in rows, amounts to I rows, I is the total line number of submatrix that antenna array divides, NiFor the number of the i-th row submatrix, i is any one
Line number, i=1~I；
(1b) assumes that the X-axis initial coordinate of submatrix first submatrix of each row divided is di, first son of the first row to I row
Battle array X-axis initial coordinate is d1,…,dI；
The coordinate of each submatrix phase center in each row of (1c) optimization：The X axis coordinate of each submatrix of each row submatrix, in the row
On the basis of first submatrix initial position, to right translation, translational movement is different adjacent submatrix phase center spacing, different
Submatrix phase center spacing number sequence be 0~Ni- 1, then the X axis coordinate of each submatrix optimized：Xjm=dj+ (m-1) D, D
For the spacing of adjacent submatrix phase center, j=1~I, m=1~Ni, XjmFor the coordinate after m-th of the submatrix optimization of jth row；
(1d) Optimality Criteria：Optimize the initial coordinate of first submatrix of each row, makes as possible between the two neighboring submatrix that projection is got off
Away from equal as possible；By multi-dimensional optimization, the initial coordinate d of first submatrix of each row is searched for1,…,dISo that each son of not going together
The edge dislocation of battle array is misaligned, and is exactly Xjm≠Xpq, j ≠ p, p=1~I, q=1~Ni, and XjmIt is adjacent in the projection of X-axis with it
Two submatrixs spacing it is equal；
The phase center of the special-shaped battle array obtained after (1e) optimization, special-shaped a period of time battle array increases in azimuth dimension projection number, and degree of freedom increases
Add, an approximate even linear array is equivalent in azimuth dimension；
(2) array element grade receives data：On the basis of special-shaped battle array, the reception signal X (t) of antenna array elements grade includes three kinds of letters
Number, it is desired signal, orthogonal interference signal and noise signal N (t) respectively：
X (t)=AS (t)+N (t)
AS (t) includes desired signal and orthogonal interference signal；
(3) the reception data X (t) of a burst of first grade of abnormity is transformed into Subarray, receiving data to Subarray carries out numerical weighted,
Digital beam froming is carried out by way of special-shaped a period of time battle array：
(3a) array element grade receives data to the transition matrix of SubarrayDwIt is corresponded to for array element grade amplitude weighting value
Diagonal matrix,For the corresponding diagonal matrix of array element grade phase weighting, T is the matrix of the dividing condition for describing submatrix；
The reception data X of (3b) abnormity battle array Subarraysub(t)=TdX(t)；
(3c) carries out digital beam froming, the output after Subarray data weighting in SubarrayWsubIt is Subarray
Weighted value, ()HIndicate conjugate transposition；When only desired signal, the directional diagram of aerial array It is the steering vector of array element grade desired signal, wherein θ is pitch angle,For azimuth；
(3d) abnormity battle array directly uses directional diagram product theorem to calculate the direction of aerial array using the submatrix being evenly dividing
Figure；
In formula,For the directional diagram of submatrix,For the directional diagram for the Thinned arrays that submatrix is constituted；
(4) when special-shaped battle array is to azimuth dimension angle measurement, phase compensation is carried out for different pitch angles, is formed in azimuth dimension after compensation
Two wave beams being differently directed：
(4a) ties up pitching and carries out phase compensation, and azimuth dimension two is differently directed wave beam weight vector and is θ (t) is the pitch angle of t moment,WithThe azimuth being differently directed for two, a1It is oriented to for Subarray
Vector；
(4b) carries out adding window in the projection sequence of azimuth dimension according to the phase center of each submatrix after optimization to array received data
Processing, two weight vectors being differently directed after adding window are respectively：
WwinCan be Taylor's window, Hamming window etc. for window function；
(4c) obtains two beam patterns being differently directed in azimuth dimension：
(5) it by two beam patterns being differently directed of azimuth dimension, is calculated and difference beam：
(5a) two beam position directional diagrams, which are added, to be formed and beam pattern：
∑ (t)=y1(t)+y2(t)
(5b) two beam position directional diagrams subtract each other to form difference beam directional diagram：
△ (t)=y1(t)-y2(t)
(6) patterns calculating of basis and difference beam and poor ratio, obtain special-shaped array antenna compares curve with difference：
(7) under certain signal-to-noise ratio, target echo signal pitching dimension phase is compensated, is calculated that target bearing is tieed up and poor
Than, than curve comparison, realizing the measurement of azimuth of target with difference；
(8) to the measurement at target pitch angle：Phase compensation is carried out for different azimuths, ties up to form two in pitching after compensation
It is a to be differently directed wave beam：
(8a) carries out phase compensation to azimuth dimension, and pitching ties up two and is differently directed wave beam weight vector It is the azimuth of t moment, θ1And θ2For two different pitch angles；
(8b) returns to step (4b)~step (4c), and the directional diagram of two different beams direction is obtained in pitch orientation；
(9) step (5)~step (6) is then executed：It is calculated according to two beam patterns being differently directed pitching dimension and poor
Directional diagram, obtain pitching dimension compares curve with difference；
(10) under certain signal-to-noise ratio, target echo signal azimuth dimension phase is compensated, calculates the sum of target pitch dimension
Poor ratio, than curve comparison, realizes the measurement at target pitch angle, the son based on special-shaped battle array is completed jointly in conjunction with step (7) with difference
Battle array number and poor Monopulse estimation method.
2. a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array according to claim 1 and poor Monopulse estimation method, feature exist
In：Step (3a) the transition matrix Td=Dw ·Dθd·T：
In formula：
W=[w1,…,wN] be array element grade amplitude weighting, θdFor the direction of desired signal, i.e. array element grade phase shifter needs to focus
Direction, a1(θd)~aN(θd) it is the corresponding phase weighting of each array element grade, T is the matrix of N × L, for describing drawing for submatrix
Divide situation, wherein Nx(x=1,2 ... L) are the array number contained by x-th of submatrix, are mettxy(x=1,2 ...,
L；Y=1,2 ..., Nx) can only be 1 or 0.
3. a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array according to claim 1 and poor Monopulse estimation method, feature exist
In：Step (3d) directional diagram that aerial array is calculated using directional diagram product theorem, calculation formula are as follows：
In formula,For the directional diagram of submatrix,Directional diagram for the Thinned arrays being made of submatrix,It is
M array element exists inside submatrixThe steering vector in direction,M array element exists inside submatrixSide
To steering vector,For beam position, λ is the wavelength of signal, and M is the element number that each submatrix includes, (xl,zl),
L=1 ..., M is the coordinate for including each unit in submatrix； Thinned arrays are constituted for submatrix to existSteering vector,It is
Submatrix constitutes Thinned arrays and existsThe steering vector L in direction is the number of antenna array partition submatrix, (xk,zk), k=1 ...,
L is the coordinate of L submatrix.
4. a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array and poor Monopulse estimation method according to claim 1, special
Sign is：Two wave beams being differently directed are formed in azimuth dimension after compensation described in step (4), calculation formula is as follows：
1 directional diagram of wave beam：
2 directional diagram of wave beam：
Two are further obtained by above formula is differently directed beam pattern.
5. a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array according to claim 1 and poor Monopulse estimation method, feature exist
In：Being calculated described in step (5) and difference beam, calculation formula are as follows：
It is further obtained by above formula and difference beam directional diagram.
6. a kind of submatrix number based on special-shaped battle array according to claim 1 and poor Monopulse estimation, it is characterised in that：Step
Suddenly the measurement of the azimuth of target and pitch angle described in (7) and step (10) is to execute following steps, is only generating two
Being differently directed keeps steering vector calculation formula different, is the process of the measurement of azimuth of target below：
7.1 generate target echo data It is the guiding arrow of target direction
Amount, SNR are the signal-to-noise ratio of target；
7.2 two wave beams generated are small big in the directional diagram of target direction：
In formula, Xtar(t) it is the echo-signal of t moment target；
7.3 generate target directions and difference beam
7.4 calculating target directions and poor ratio：
7.5 by target direction and difference than and compared than curve with difference, obtain azimuth of target.
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