CN108508270A - A kind of resistance measuring circuit - Google Patents
A kind of resistance measuring circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108508270A CN108508270A CN201810305021.2A CN201810305021A CN108508270A CN 108508270 A CN108508270 A CN 108508270A CN 201810305021 A CN201810305021 A CN 201810305021A CN 108508270 A CN108508270 A CN 108508270A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of resistance measuring circuit, the output end of the circuit Counter and the input terminal of D/A converter connect；The output end of D/A converter is connect with the inverting input of the first operational amplifier, and feedback resistance terminals are connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier；The in-phase input end of first operational amplifier is grounded, and the first end of output end and measured resistance connects；The first end of measuring resistance is connected to reference voltage source, and the tie point of the second end of measured resistance and the second end of measuring resistance is connect with clock control module；The input end of clock of clock control module and counter connects；When the voltage signal of tie point is more than 0, clock control module exports clock signal so that counter is counted；When the voltage signal is less than 0, clock control module exports low level, and control counter stops counting, and obtains measurement result.Resistance measuring circuit using the present invention can effectively improve the measurement accuracy and speed of resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic component parameter measurement, in particular to a resistance measurement circuit.
Background
The resistance is one of the most frequently used electronic components in electronic circuits, and is widely applied to the technical field of sensor measurement, wherein many sensors for measuring physical quantities convert measured physical quantities into changes of resistance values, for example, a resistance strain gauge for pressure detection converts changes of measured pressure physical quantities into changes of resistance values. For control systems such as aerospace, aviation, navigation, radar orientation, navigation, gun control, machine tool control and the like, the resistance measurement result is an important parameter for high-precision detection, control and operation of the control system, so that the realization of high-precision measurement of the resistance is of great importance.
At present, the resistance measurement mainly adopts a voltammetry method, a bridge method, a large pulse current measurement method, a direct current constant current source method, a constant voltage test method and the like. The voltammetry and bridge methods adopt two-wire measurement, and the measurement precision is influenced by conversion errors of the resistance of a test connecting wire, the contact resistance and the reading of a gauge head; in the large pulse current measurement method, the pulse current flowing through the measured resistor in the measurement circuit is too large, which may cause the resistance value of the measured resistor to change, and the measurement accuracy is still not high; the direct current constant current source method adopts a four-wire system for measurement, although the influence of the resistance of a test connecting wire and the contact resistance on a measurement result can be eliminated, when the resistance value of the measured resistor is larger, the stability of the constant current source is easily influenced by the environment due to the small current of the required constant current source, and further the measurement precision of the measured resistor is low; when the constant voltage test method is used for measuring the small resistor, the resistance value is changed because the current flowing through the measured resistor is easy to be heated due to overlarge current. It is obvious that the existing resistance measurement basically adopts an open-loop comparison measurement system, so that the measurement accuracy is easily reduced due to the influence of the environment, the automatic tracking measurement cannot be realized, the digital output of the measurement result cannot be directly realized, and the measurement speed and the measurement accuracy are relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the resistance measuring circuit is a closed-loop comparison measuring circuit, so that the influence of the environment on resistance measurement can be effectively avoided, and the precision of the resistance measurement is improved; in addition, the resistance measuring circuit can automatically track and measure, improve the speed of resistance measurement and realize the digital output of the measuring result.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a resistance measurement circuit, which includes a counter, a D/a converter, a first operational amplifier, a standard resistor, a clock control module, and a measured resistor; wherein,
the digital output end of the counter is connected with the digital input end of the D/A converter in sequence according to the weight level; the reset end of the counter is used for inputting a reset signal;
the reference voltage input end of the D/A converter is connected to a reference voltage, the output end of the D/A converter is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the terminal of the feedback resistor is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier;
the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the first end of the resistor to be tested;
the first end of the standard resistor is connected to a reference voltage, and the connection point of the second end of the measured resistor and the second end of the standard resistor is connected to the input end of the clock control module;
the output end of the clock control module is connected with the clock input end of the counter;
resetting a counter during measurement, and outputting a clock signal by the clock control module when the voltage signal of the connection point is greater than 0 after resetting so that the counter starts to count; and when the voltage signal of the connection point is less than 0, the clock control module outputs a low level to control the counter to stop counting, so that a measurement result is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the resistance measuring circuit adopts the counter, the D/A converter, the first operational amplifier, the standard resistor, the clock control module and the measured resistor to form a closed-loop resistance measuring circuit, so that the influence of the environment on the measurement is avoided, and the resistance measuring precision is improved; in addition, the resistance measuring circuit can start automatic tracking measurement when resetting the counter, thereby greatly improving the measuring speed of the resistance, and the counter can directly carry out digital output on the measuring result, thereby further improving the measuring precision.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the clock control module comprises a voltage zero-crossing comparator and a logic and gate; wherein,
the first input end of the voltage zero crossing comparator is connected with the connection point, the second input end of the voltage zero crossing comparator is grounded, and the output end of the voltage zero crossing comparator is connected with the first input end of the logic AND gate;
and the second input end of the logic AND gate is used for inputting a clock signal, and the output end of the logic AND gate is connected with the clock input end of the counter.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the connection point is connected with the voltage zero-crossing comparator through a second operational amplifier; the voltage zero-crossing comparator consists of a voltage comparator; wherein,
the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected to the connection point, the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output end, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the non-inverting end of the voltage comparator;
and the inverting input end of the voltage comparator is grounded, and the output end of the voltage comparator is connected to the first input end of the logic AND gate.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the clock control module comprises a controller and a clock generator; wherein,
the input end of the controller is connected with the connection point, the output end of the controller is connected with the input end of the clock generator, and the output end of the clock generator is connected with the clock input end of the counter;
when the voltage signal of the connection point is less than 0, the controller controls the clock generator to output a low level; when the voltage signal of the connection point is larger than 0, the controller controls the clock generator to output a clock signal.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the counter includes an up counter.
As an improvement of the scheme, the counter is an N-bit binary-decimal plus counter, and N is used for indicating that the resistance measurement precision N is a positive integer.
As an improvement of the scheme, the D/A converter is an N-bit binary-decimal D/A converter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, the circuit includes a counter 1, a D/a converter 2, and a first operational amplifier a1Standard resistance RBClock control module 3 and resistor R to be testedX(ii) a The N-bit digital output end of the counter 1 is sequentially connected with the N-bit digital input end of the D/A converter 2 according to the weight level, and the reset end Cr of the counter 1 is used for inputting a reset signal; a reference voltage input terminal Ur of the D/A converter 2 is connected to a reference voltage, an output terminal OUT of the D/A converter 2 and the first operational amplifier A1Is connected to the inverting input terminal of the D/A converter 2, and a feedback resistor terminal R of the D/A converterFBIs connected to the first operational amplifier A1An output terminal of (a); first operational amplifier A1Is grounded, a first operational amplifier A1The output end of the resistor is connected with the first end of the resistor Rx to be detected; standard resistance RBIs connected to a reference voltage UrefThe measured resistance RXSecond terminal and a standard resistor RBThe connection point of the second end of the clock control module 3 is connected to the input end of the clock control module; the output end of the clock control module 3 is connected with the clock input end of the counter 1. To the measured resistance RXWhen measuring, the counter is reset by inputting a reset signal to the reset end Cr of the counter 1, and the measured resistor R is used as the measured resistor R after the resetXAnd a standard resistance RBWhen the voltage signal of the connection point of the counter 1 is greater than 0, the clock control module 3 outputs a clock signal to enable the counter to start counting; when the measured resistance R isXAnd a standard resistance RBWhen the voltage signal of the connection point is less than 0, the clock control module 3 outputs low level, and controls the counter 1 to stop counting, so as to obtain the measurement result.
In the present invention, the resistance R is measured according toXAnd the size range and the precision requirement thereof determine the standard resistance RBSize and accuracy, etcStage, again according to the resistance R to be measuredXThe accuracy requirement determines the level of accuracy of the reference voltage.
In embodiment 1, the reference voltage input terminal Ur of the D/a converter 2 is connected to the reference voltage UrefThe output terminal OUT of the D/A converter 2 is connected to a first operational amplifier A1An output terminal OUT of the D/A converter 2 outputs a current signal, a feedback resistor R in the D/A converter 2FBA feedback resistor is integrated between the terminal and the output terminal OUT of the D/A converter 2, when the feedback resistor R of the D/A converter 2FBTerminal and first operational amplifier A1Is connected to the first operational amplifier a, the feedback resistor integrated in the D/a converter 2 is connected to1And an inverting terminal, thus through a feedback resistor and a first operational amplifier a integrated in the D/a converter 21Realize inverted current/voltage conversion so that the first operational amplifier A1Voltage U output from output terminalO1＝—DUrefWhere D is the decimal value generated by the counter 1. In addition, the resistance R is measuredXFirst terminal of (1) and first operational amplifier A1Is connected to a standard resistor RBFirst terminal of and reference voltage UrefThe connection is realized, and the input impedance of the clock control module 3 is infinite, so that the tested resistor R can be calculated by adopting the superposition principleXSecond terminal and a standard resistor RBTo the ground voltage U of the connection point of the second terminalTIs composed of
To the measured resistance RXDuring the measurement, the counter 1 can be cleared by applying a reset signal to the reset terminal CP of the counter 1, where D is 0,the clock control module 3 outputs a clock signal to enable the counter 1 to start counting; during the counting process of the counter 1, the value D generated by the counter 1 is gradually increased, so that the first operation is amplifiedDevice A1Voltage U output from output terminalO1＝—DUrefGradually decrease, the measured resistance RXAnd a standard resistance RBTo ground voltage U of the connection point ofTGradually become smaller untilWhen the clock control module 3 outputs low level, the counter 1 is controlled to stop counting, and at this time, DU is obtainedrefRB＞UrefRXThus when DUrefRB＝UrefRXWhile, the measured resistance RXHaving a linear relationship with the value D generated by the counter 1, i.e. RX＝DRBWherein R isBIs a known standard resistor, so that the measured resistor R can be obtained by the value D obtained when the counter 1 stops countingXThe resistance value of (2).
Example 2
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Except that the resistance measurement circuit of embodiment 2 of the present invention includes all the components in embodiment 1, the clock control module 3 specifically includes a voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 and a logic and gate 312; wherein, the first input terminal of the voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 is connected to the resistor R to be testedXSecond terminal and a standard resistor RBA second input terminal of the voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 is grounded, and an output terminal of the voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 is connected with a first input terminal a of the logic and gate 312; a second input B of the logic and gate 312 is used for inputting a clock signal, and an output Y of the logic and gate 312 is connected to a clock input CP of the counter 1.
In embodiment 2, the reset terminal Cr of the counter 1 is used to input a reset signal; in measuring the measured resistance RXWhen in use, the counter 1 is reset firstly, and then the resistance R to be measured is obtained after the resetXSecond terminal and a standard resistor RBSecond end of (2)To ground voltage U of the connection point ofT>At time 0, since the second input terminal of the voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 is grounded, the output terminal of the voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 outputs a high level, the first input terminal a of the logic and gate 312 inputs the high level, the output terminal Y of the logic and gate 312 outputs a clock signal, the clock signal is added to the counter 1, and the counter 1 starts counting; when the measured resistance R isXSecond terminal and a standard resistor RBTo the ground voltage U of the connection point of the second terminalT<At time 0, since the inverting input terminal of the voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 is grounded, the output terminal of the voltage zero-crossing comparator 311 outputs a low level, the first input terminal a of the logic and gate 312 inputs the low level, and the output terminal Y of the logic and gate 312 outputs a low level, that is, Y is "0", the counter 1 is controlled to stop counting, and the measurement result is obtained.
Example 3
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In order to improve the measurement accuracy of the resistance measurement circuit, the resistance measurement circuit in embodiment 3 of the present invention includes, in addition to all the components in embodiment 2, a counter 1 which is specifically an N-bit binary-decimal plus counter 11, a D/a converter 2 which is specifically an N-bit binary-decimal D/a converter 21, N being used to represent the measurement accuracy of the resistance, and N being a positive integer; its measured resistance RXSecond terminal and standard resistor RBIs passed through a second operational amplifier A2Connected with a voltage over-zero comparator 311, the voltage over-zero comparator 311 is composed of a voltage comparator A3Composition is carried out; wherein, the measured resistance RXSecond terminal and standard resistor RBThe connection point of the AND and the second operational amplifier A2Is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier A2Is connected to its output, a second operational amplifier A2And the output terminal of the voltage comparator A3Is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator A3The inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator A is grounded3Is connected to a first input a of the logical and-gate 312, a second input B of the logical and-gate 312 is used for inputting a clock signal, an output Y of the logical and-gate 312 is connected to a clock input CP of the N-bit binary-decimal plus counter 11, and a digital output of the N-bit binary-decimal plus counter 11 is connected to a digital input of the N-bit binary-decimal D/a converter 21 in order of the significance.
In this embodiment, the second operational amplifier A2A voltage follower is formed, the amplification factor of which is 1, and the voltage signal of the connection point is isolated, so that the second operational amplifier A2Voltage U output from output terminalO2＝UTCan increase the measured resistance RXThe measurement accuracy of (2). When the second operational amplifier A2Voltage U output from output terminalO2>At 0, voltage comparator A3Voltage U output from the output terminal ofO3Is at a high level; when the second operational amplifier A2Voltage U output from output terminalO2<At 0, voltage comparator A3Voltage U output from the output terminal ofO3Is low.
In the present invention, the resistance R is measured according toXThe counter and the D/A converter with different digits can be selected according to the requirement of measurement accuracy, wherein the higher the digit of the D/A converter is, the higher the measured resistance R isXThe higher the measurement accuracy of (1), in order to increase the measured resistance RXThe invention can select the two-decimal D/A converter with more than eleven digits, seventeen digits, twenty digits and the like, and further determine the digit of the counter according to the selected digit number of the D/A converter.
Taking 13-bit counter and the value D generated by the counter as decimal number as an example, randomly selecting 6 points to explain that when the counter stops counting, the counter outputs 13-bit binary-decimal code, the corresponding decimal number D and the measured resistor RXThe relationship between them is shown in the following table.
Again taking the twelve-bit counter as an example, because of the measured resistance RXAnd a standard resistance RBTo ground voltage U of the connection point ofTSlave UT0 to UT<0, possible plus or minus 1 counting error, namely D has plus or minus 1 reading error, the reading error is within plus or minus 0.001, when the digit of the counter and the D/A converter is larger, the smaller the reading error of D is, the smaller the measuring error of the measured resistance is, therefore, the resistance measuring circuit of the invention can effectively improve the measuring precision of the resistance.
Example 4
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance measurement circuit according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The resistance measuring circuit of embodiment 4 of the present invention includes all the components in embodiment 1, and the clock control module 3 is specifically a controller 321 and a clock generator 322; the input end of the controller 321 is connected to the connection point, the output end of the controller 321 is connected to the input end of the clock generator 322, and the output end of the clock generator 322 is connected to the clock input end of the counter 1; when the voltage signal of the connection point is less than 0, the controller 321 controls the clock generator 322 to output a low level; when the voltage signal of the connection point is greater than 0, the controller 321 controls the clock generator 322 to output the clock signal.
Compared with the prior art, the resistance measuring circuit has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the resistance measuring circuit adopts the counter, the D/A converter, the first operational amplifier, the standard resistor, the clock control module and the measured resistor to form a closed-loop resistance measuring circuit, thereby avoiding the influence of the environment on the measurement and improving the measurement precision of the resistor;
(2) when the resistance measuring circuit resets the counter, automatic tracking measurement can be started, so that the measuring speed of the resistance is greatly improved; the counter can directly carry out digital output on the measurement result, so that the measurement precision can be further improved;
(3) the resistance measuring circuit controls the measuring range of the resistance through the digit of the D/A converter and the counter, so that the measuring range of the measured resistance is large and the measuring precision is high;
(4) the resistance measuring circuit of the invention is composed of a D/A converter, an operational amplifier, a resistor, a counter and a logic AND gate, has simple and reliable circuit structure and strong digital compatibility, and can be suitable for main logic circuits such as TTL, COMS and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention will still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A resistance measurement circuit is characterized by comprising a counter, a D/A converter, a first operational amplifier, a standard resistor, a clock control module and a measured resistor; wherein,
the digital output end of the counter is connected with the digital input end of the D/A converter in sequence according to the weight level; the reset end of the counter is used for inputting a reset signal;
the reference voltage input end of the D/A converter is connected to a reference voltage, the output end of the D/A converter is connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the terminal of the feedback resistor is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier;
the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the first end of the resistor to be tested;
the first end of the standard resistor is connected to a reference voltage, and the connection point of the second end of the measured resistor and the second end of the standard resistor is connected to the input end of the clock control module;
the output end of the clock control module is connected with the clock input end of the counter;
resetting a counter during measurement, and outputting a clock signal by the clock control module when the voltage signal of the connection point is greater than 0 after resetting so that the counter starts to count; and when the voltage signal of the connection point is less than 0, the clock control module outputs a low level to control the counter to stop counting, so that a measurement result is obtained.
2. The resistance measurement circuit of claim 1, wherein the clock control module comprises a voltage zero crossing comparator and a logic and gate; wherein,
the first input end of the voltage zero crossing comparator is connected with the connection point, the second input end of the voltage zero crossing comparator is grounded, and the output end of the voltage zero crossing comparator is connected with the first input end of the logic AND gate;
and the second input end of the logic AND gate is used for inputting a clock signal, and the output end of the logic AND gate is connected with the clock input end of the counter.
3. The resistance measurement circuit of claim 2, wherein the connection point is connected to the voltage zero crossing comparator through a second operational amplifier; the voltage zero-crossing comparator consists of a voltage comparator; wherein,
the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected to the connection point, the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output end, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the non-inverting end of the voltage comparator;
and the inverting input end of the voltage comparator is grounded, and the output end of the voltage comparator is connected to the first input end of the logic AND gate.
4. The resistance measurement circuit of claim 1, wherein the clock control module comprises a controller and a clock generator; wherein,
the input end of the controller is connected with the connection point, the output end of the controller is connected with the input end of the clock generator, and the output end of the clock generator is connected with the clock input end of the counter;
when the voltage signal of the connection point is less than 0, the controller controls the clock generator to output a low level; when the voltage signal of the connection point is larger than 0, the controller controls the clock generator to output a clock signal.
5. The resistance measurement circuit of any of claims 1-4, wherein the counter comprises an up counter.
6. The resistance measurement circuit of claim 5, wherein the counter is an N-bit binary-decimal plus counter, N being used to indicate resistance measurement accuracy, N being a positive integer.
7. The resistance measurement circuit of claim 6, wherein the D/a converter is an N-bit binary-decimal D/a converter.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109142876A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-04 | 于创宇 | Resistance measuring circuit and resistivity-measuring devices |
| CN110954730A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-03 | 崔建国 | Linear scale ohmmeter based on constant current source and manufacturing method |
| CN111077360A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-28 | 湖南一二三智能科技有限公司 | Target resistance live line measurement method and device and related components |
| CN111257641A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-09 | 东风电子科技股份有限公司 | Wide resistance range signal acquisition circuit and corresponding acquisition method |
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