CN108507873A - The method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve - Google Patents
The method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve Download PDFInfo
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- CN108507873A CN108507873A CN201810184806.9A CN201810184806A CN108507873A CN 108507873 A CN108507873 A CN 108507873A CN 201810184806 A CN201810184806 A CN 201810184806A CN 108507873 A CN108507873 A CN 108507873A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve, including step：S1, fatigue testing specimen and tensile sample are chosen；S2, tensile sample carry out breaking test, obtain breaking test data；S3, fatigue testing specimen carry out fatigue test, obtain the fatigue life data of simulation test point；S4, data processing obtain fatigue life data；S5, drafting material Fatigue Property Curve.The method for drafting of the fatigue of materials performance curve of the present invention establishes a kind of simple, fast curve of fatigue assay method, substantially reduces experiment man power and material, shorten the test period, reduce test work load by using fatigue theory and mathematics statistical tool.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fatigue of materials performance detection technical fields, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of fatigues of materials
The method for drafting of energy curve.
Background technology
The load S (stress or power) that fatigue of materials performance curve is consequently exerted on sample and service life N when being destroyed to sample
Between relationship quantitative description, be the main means for the fatigue behaviour for weighing material, also known as S-N curves.When in S-N curves
When introducing survival rate P concepts, it is referred to as the S-N curves with a certain survival rate P, i.e. P-S-N curves, indicates survival rate-stress-
Correlation between service life.
The main method of current drafting material Fatigue Property Curve both at home and abroad is to obtain different stress levels using method in groups
The fatigue life of lower material.Since fatigue data usually has prodigious dispersibility, in method plan design in groups
In first have to randomness and dispersibility in view of sample fatigue life, so more sample must be used in experiment.In groups
Method passes through long-term verification experimental verification, is widely accepted, and forms ripe testing program and data statistical analysis method.This method
Although ensure that the precision of test result, since the Specimen Number that this method needs is more (according to the dispersion of experimental result
Property difference, need to test number also different), the test period is longer, and experimentation cost is higher.
Invention content
The present invention is directed at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of material
Expect the method for drafting of Fatigue Property Curve, it is therefore an objective to shorten the test period, reduce test work load.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：The method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve, packet
Include step：
S1, fatigue testing specimen and tensile sample are chosen；
S2, tensile sample carry out breaking test, obtain breaking test data；
S3, fatigue testing specimen carry out fatigue test, obtain the fatigue life data of simulation test point；
S4, data processing obtain fatigue life data；
S5, drafting material Fatigue Property Curve.
In the step S2, tensile sample carries out breaking test, the breaking test data packet of acquisition on cupping machine
Include tensile strength.
In the step S2, chooses multiple tensile samples and carries out breaking test, obtain the tensile strength of each tensile sample,
The average value for obtaining tensile strength is calculated, determines stretch breaking strength；If an A points, using stretch breaking strength as the vertical seat of A points in coordinate system
Mark, using 1/4 cycle, (fatigue fracture recycles the fatigue life lg (1/4) under preceding 1/4) of cycle as the horizontal seat of A points in coordinate system
Mark, determines the coordinate of A points.
The step S3 includes：
S31, fatigue test is carried out to n fatigue testing specimen；
S32, n actual experimental point is set up in a coordinate system, connect A points and each actual experimental point using straight line, there are
To n straight line, every straight line is simulation test point with the horizontal intersection point of each test load；
S33, using graph paper, the fatigue life of each simulation test point is obtained using graphical method in a coordinate system.
In the step S4, using formula yp=y+ μpσyCalculate fatigue life.
In the step S5, according to the fatigue life data that step S4 is obtained, with lgS (logarithm of stress) for ordinate,
LgN (logarithm service life) is abscissa, and fatigue of materials performance curve is obtained using least square fitting.
The method for drafting of the fatigue of materials performance curve of the present invention is built by using fatigue theory and mathematics statistical tool
A kind of simple, fast curve of fatigue assay method is found, experiment man power and material is substantially reduced, shortens the test period, reduce
Test work load.
Description of the drawings
This specification includes the following drawings, and shown content is respectively：
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of fatigue testing specimen；
Fig. 3 is general fatigue of materials performance curve schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Below against attached drawing, by the description of the embodiment, making to the specific implementation mode of the present invention further details of
Explanation, it is therefore an objective to those skilled in the art be helped to have more complete, accurate to the inventive concept of the present invention, technical solution and go deep into
Understanding, and contribute to its implementation.
The present invention provides a kind of method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve, including step：
S1, fatigue testing specimen and tensile sample are chosen；
S2, tensile sample carry out breaking test, obtain breaking test data；
S3, fatigue testing specimen carry out fatigue test, obtain the fatigue life data of simulation test point；
S4, data processing obtain fatigue life data；
S5, drafting material Fatigue Property Curve.
Specifically, the shortcomings that the present invention be directed to traditional methods in groups, with fatigue theory and mathematics statistical tool, right
On the basis of the fatigue properties of material make certain simplification, a kind of new curve of fatigue assay method is proposed, to shorten the test period,
Reduce test work load.
According to existing fatigue theory and experiment, the dispersibility of material fatigue life is the function of proof stress level, is answered
Power level is lower, and the dispersibility of fatigue life is bigger.Under same stress level, the fatigue life of sample can differ several times
To more than ten times or more.Therefore, P-S-N curves (the S-N curves with a certain survival rate P) and (50% survival of intermediate value S-N curves
Rate) and it is not parallel, and the bell shape opened to the right is presented, as shown in Figure 3.Come from descriptive geometry characteristic angle
It says, P-S-N will necessarily intersect with certain point of the median profile in top load area.If can determine the position of the intersection point,
Only a testing site, which need to be further added by, can determine a P-S-N curve, because any one testing site must be located at certain of parent
On one P-S-N curve, and the survival of fatigue lives of the survival rate P of the curve with the sample under its residing stress level is general
Rate is equal.It, should all be equal in the fatigue life under different survival rates according to intersection point characteristic.It is by material mechanical performance it is found that logical
Mechanics tension test is crossed, this target can be reached approximately.It is equivalent to the tired longevity according to fatigue test principle sample drawing process
1/4 cycle is ordered, load/specimen cross section product is fatigue testing specimen stretch breaking strength, this intersection point in this way is assured that, and is set as A
Point.Then a series of samples are chosen and carry out fatigue test in n load level, in coordinate, connect A points and each testing site, and
Extend to low load area, intersects with other fatigue load levels just obtain n-1 intersection point in this way, as shown in Figure 2.In the curve of fatigue
In fitting, the ordinate and abscissa and the data of actual tests point of each intersection point are put on an equal footing, wherein the abscissa of regulation point A is solid
Take 1/4 cycle, ordinate actually to break load for sample surely.It can be obtained by enough data points in this way and carry out the curve of fatigue
Fitting, obtain the curve of fatigue.
In above-mentioned steps S1,15 or so fatigue testing specimens are chosen, choose 3-5 part tensile samples, sample is chosen, processed
And size of sample and shape execute relevant criterion.
In above-mentioned steps S2, tensile sample carries out breaking test, the breaking test data of acquisition on cupping machine
Including tensile strength, the fatigue life under lg (1/4) cycle corresponds to lgSA。
In above-mentioned steps S2, chooses multiple tensile samples and carry out breaking test, show that the tension of each tensile sample is strong
Degree calculates the average value for obtaining tensile strength, determines stretch breaking strength；If an A points, using stretch breaking strength as A points in coordinate system
Ordinate, using 1/4 cycle, (fatigue fracture recycles the fatigue life lg (1/4) under preceding 1/4) of cycle as A points in coordinate system
Abscissa determines the coordinate of A points.
Above-mentioned steps S3 includes：
S31, fatigue test is carried out to n fatigue testing specimen；
S32, n actual experimental point is set up in a coordinate system, connect A points and each actual experimental point using straight line, there are
To n straight line, every straight line is simulation test point with the horizontal intersection point of each test load；
S33, using graph paper, the fatigue life of each simulation test point is obtained using graphical method in a coordinate system.
In above-mentioned steps S31,4~5 grades of load levels are selected, fatigue test is carried out from top load to low load, amounts to
Fatigue test has been carried out to n sample, has obtained fatigue data.
In above-mentioned steps S32, the abscissa of each actual experimental point be applied on fatigue testing specimen load (stress or
Power), the ordinate of each actual experimental point is service life when fatigue testing specimen destroys.
It is soft in Excel using the Excel softwares (spreadsheet software) in computer in above-mentioned steps S31 and S32
Coordinate system is established in part, A points and each actual experimental point are connected by straight line, and n straight line, every straight line and each experiment is obtained
The intersection point of load-carrying water horizontal line (test load horizontal line is parallel to the axis of abscissas of coordinate system), referred to as simulation test point.Exist in this way
Per under level-one test load level, actual experimental point and simulation test point share n, they constitute the examination of this grade of load level
Sample fatigue life data point, the actual tests data point being equivalent in method in groups under each stress level, as under the load
Fatigue life increment.
In above-mentioned steps S4, data processing is carried out according to relevant criterion, if whether test data meets normal distribution, examination
It tests whether data precision meets GB/T 24176 etc., then uses formula yp=y+ μpσyCalculate fatigue life.
In formula yp=y+ μpσyIn, ypFor the fatigue life under a certain survival rate under different stress levels, y is same
Stress level mean value of lower fatigue life, μpFor standard normal deviator, μpIt can be obtained according to survival rate by consulting related data,
σyFor sample standard deviation.
It is vertical sit with lgS (logarithm of stress) according to the fatigue life data that step S4 is obtained in above-mentioned steps S5
Mark, lgN (logarithm service life) are abscissa, and fatigue of materials performance curve is obtained using least square fitting.
Embodiment one
In the present embodiment by taking beam steel fatigue test as an example, fatigue test is carried out using traditional method in groups first,
Then the two comparison is carried out according to test method proposed by the present invention, judges the precision of test result of the present invention.
Fatigue testing specimen is processed according to relevant criterion and tensile sample, fatigue testing specimen pattern are as shown in Figure 2.Then using stretching
Testing machine carries out tensile property inspection, total to examine 3 samples, is averaged, result 636MPa.It is assured that in this way
A point coordinates (lg1/4, lg636) in Fig. 1.Fatigue test is carried out using traditional method in groups, is divided into 5 stress levels, respectively
For 410MPa, 420MPa, 440MPa, 460MPa and 480MPa.Each stress level determines examination according to the dispersibility of test data
Sample number, style number is more under low stress level, and under high stress level, sample is less, and whether specific Specimen Number is suitable
Verification can refer to relevant criterion.Fatigue test is to draw fatigue, stress ratio R=0.1.Entirely method experiment is total in groups uses 25
Root sample, test result is as shown in table 1, according to formula yp=y+ μpσyThe sample fatigue life under 90% survival rate can be calculated
As shown in table 2.
1 beam steel of table method fatigue data in groups
2 crossbeam steel curved beam of table not fatigue life under stress level and survival rate
| Load level (MPa) | 410 | 420 | 440 | 460 | 480 |
| 50% survival rate (ten thousand times) | 317 | 161 | 125 | 72 | 18 |
| 90% survival rate (ten thousand times) | 182 | 121 | 63 | 57 | 12 |
For the test accuracy of the verification present invention, random sampling procedure is now used, successively from table 1 per the number of level-one stress level
In, 3 data (480MPa grades are taken out 2, amount to 14 samples) are randomly selected, one group of original experimentation number is combined together as
According to then mapping to data by the method that uses of the present invention, (pass through simulation test point and actual experimental point using graphical method
Vertical line is done to X-axis) obtain different data point fatigue life under load levels at different levels, thus obtain the difference under each stress level
Fatigue life.As sample, data processing is carried out according to relevant criterion, and examine to test data precision, distribution
It looks into.Then according to formula yp=y+ μpσyFatigue life of the sample under different survival rates under each proof stress level is acquired, such as originally
Fatigue life under 90% survival rate of example calculation.
Test method of the present invention and the in groups error between method are calculated on the basis of corresponding tradition in groups method test data.
Sampling verification work repeats 5 times, and verification result and summarizing with the comparison of method in groups is listed in Table 3 below.It can be seen that this hair
The mean error of method and conventional method used by bright is less than 8%, worst error 9.09%.
It can be seen that the method for the present invention, which usually requires 15 or so samples, carries out fatigue test, hence it is evident that it is less than tradition method in groups, with
Compare, average relative error is generally less than 10%, can meet and simple, fast in pilot production measure fatigue of materials curve
It is required that.
3 the method for the present invention of table and traditional method comparison of test results under 90% survival rate in groups
The present invention is exemplarily described above in association with attached drawing.Obviously, present invention specific implementation is not by above-mentioned side
The limitation of formula.As long as using the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress；Or not
It is improved, the above-mentioned design of the present invention and technical solution are directly applied into other occasions, in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (6)
1. the method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve, which is characterized in that including step：
S1, fatigue testing specimen and tensile sample are chosen；
S2, tensile sample carry out breaking test, obtain breaking test data；
S3, fatigue testing specimen carry out fatigue test, obtain the fatigue life data of simulation test point；
S4, data processing obtain fatigue life data；
S5, drafting material Fatigue Property Curve.
2. the method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2,
Tensile sample carries out breaking test on cupping machine, and the breaking test data of acquisition include tensile strength.
3. the method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step S2,
It chooses multiple tensile samples and carries out breaking test, obtain the tensile strength of each tensile sample, calculate and obtain the flat of tensile strength
Mean value determines stretch breaking strength；If an A points, using stretch breaking strength as the ordinate of A points in coordinate system, with the fatigue under 1/4 cycle
Abscissas of the service life lg (1/4) as A points in coordinate system, determines the coordinate of A points.
4. the method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S3 packets
It includes：
S31, fatigue test is carried out to n fatigue testing specimen；
S32, n actual experimental point is set up in a coordinate system, connect A points and each actual experimental point using straight line, n items are obtained
Straight line, every straight line are simulation test point with the horizontal intersection point of each test load；
S33, using graph paper, the fatigue life of each simulation test point is obtained using graphical method in a coordinate system.
5. the method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid S4, using formula yp=y+ μpσyCalculate fatigue life.
6. the method for drafting of fatigue of materials performance curve according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid S5, according to the fatigue life data that step S4 is obtained, using lgS as ordinate, lgN is abscissa, utilizes least square method
Fitting obtains fatigue of materials performance curve.
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| CN109632524A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-16 | 上海诚云建设工程质量检测有限公司 | A kind of reinforcing bar safety Analysis test method |
| CN111638148A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-08 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Method for testing S-N curve of similar metal material |
| CN113742948A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-03 | 西安石油大学 | Novel model and method for P-S-N curve fitting of ultrahigh-strength sucker rod |
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Application publication date: 20180907 |