CN108505067A - A kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch - Google Patents
A kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108505067A CN108505067A CN201810623182.6A CN201810623182A CN108505067A CN 108505067 A CN108505067 A CN 108505067A CN 201810623182 A CN201810623182 A CN 201810623182A CN 108505067 A CN108505067 A CN 108505067A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- mulch
- anode
- fluoride
- covered
- aluminum electrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulches, its by percentage to the quality, by 35 40% aluminium oxide, 18 25% aluminum fluorides, the mixture of 35 47% sodium fluorides and calcirm-fluoride forms, wherein, it is 3 that granularity, which is anode-covered material mass ratioes of 10 50mm with granularity less than 10mm,:2；The anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch of the present invention can improve aluminium electrolyte conductivity, promote bonding and the solidification of fluorine-containing solid particulate matter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulches.
Background technology
Anode covering is one of important procedure in aluminium electrolysis process, the quality of the process to the stabilization of aluminium cell, efficiently
Operation is of great significance, and ensures that the quality of anode overwrite job will not only be reinforced outside in-situ production management, also to ensure anode
Following functions may be implemented in the performance of mulch, suitable anode-covered material：
（1）Upper part of the electrolytic cell heat loss is reduced, ensures electrolytic cell thermal balance, reduces electrolytic cell energy consumption；
（2）Anodic oxidation is reduced, anode consumption is reduced；
（3）Electrolyte, anode carbon block, steel pawl, guide rod proper temperature are maintained, anode drop is reduced；
（4）The fluorine-containing volatile matter of anode that collecting electrolytic process generates；
（5）The electrolyte of aluminium electrolysis process generation can also be recycled using electrolyte/alumina base mulch, ensure electrolysis
Process materials balance.
In general, it the source of anode-covered material and differs, the mulch of early stage is alumina powder, can be fresh
Aluminium oxide or fluorinated alumina.Occur after 1992, in document with the mixture of electrolyte, shell surface material and aluminium oxide
Research as mulch.In the actual production process, the characteristic that mulch is concerned includes mainly：Heat conductivility（It is common to lead
Hot coefficient quantization indicates）, thickness（Including loose stratum granulosum and condense into shell）, crust ability（Can use mechanical strength and
Hardness quantifies）, angle of repose；Meanwhile the parameter of electrolytic cell also has significant impact to crust behavior, these parameters include：Electrolytic cell
Temperature, the degree of superheat and molecular proportion etc., and when using the mixture of electrolyte, shell surface material and aluminium oxide as mulch, influence because
Element mainly has：The ingredient of mulch, the size distribution of mulch, thermal coefficient, apparent density, thickness, angle of repose etc..Currently,
Material is covered in order to recycle anode, domestic and international aluminum electrolysis industry mainly uses the covering of electrolyte/alumina substrate, this
Mulch during recycling, need operating personnel to come from the bulk of the sintering mulch in anode residue pole surface into
Row is cleared up and is crushed, to form bulk（Diameter range is generally 80 ~ 100mm）, the material that is mixed of particle and powder-material
State has the following problems in use：
（1）In actual production, the lump material in mulch（Diameter range is generally 80 ~ 100mm）, aluminium electrolysis shop can be caused
Material conveying high hopper, pot tending machine conveying system pipeline blockage so that most electrolytic aluminium enterprise
Industry mulch transport system is in semiparalysis or state of paralysis；
（2）In actual application, when due to aluminium cell single blanking, all float with fluorinated alumina material at feed opening
Phenomenon is dissipated, this can cause the fluorinated alumina for not entering aluminium cell to descend slowly and lightly the anode-covered material surface to around feed opening, into
And aluminium cell anode mulch thickness is made to incrementally increase；
Currently, the anode-covered material of each aluminium electrolysis enterprise application can make the peace of material since quality shared by lump material is bigger
It ceases angle to increase so that the material thickness for being covered in anode surface is significantly greater than the anode-covered material without lump material.
On the one hand above-mentioned two problems cause follow-up anode scrap mulch cleaning difficulty to increase, on the other hand so that capped
Anode proper heat reduction reduced capability afterwards, while the conventional maintenance of aluminium cell anode mulch is not utilized.
（3）In practice process, in the mulch that each aluminium electrolysis enterprise uses at present, alumina ration is higher（Mass ratio is super
60% is crossed, in the process also descending slowly and lightly with fluorinated alumina material,）, bar shaped alpha-aluminium oxide cenotype is formed in sintering process, causes to burn
Coating material layer hardness after knot is bigger than normal, carrys out no small difficulty to follow-up change poles, mulch cleaning and mulch crushed zone.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch, by percentage to the quality, by 35-40% aluminium oxide, 18-25% aluminum fluorides, 35-47%
The mixture of sodium fluoride and calcirm-fluoride forms, wherein granularity is the anode-covered material mass ratio that 10-50mm is less than 10mm with granularity
It is 3:2；
The anode-covered material is covered in carbon anode surface, and mulch thickness is 100mm-120mm；
In the mixture of the sodium fluoride and calcirm-fluoride, the mass ratio of sodium fluoride and calcirm-fluoride is 4:1.
The invention has the advantages that：
Alumina component plays an important role to the sintering crust of anode-covered material, and anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch covers charcoal sun
Behind the top of pole, wherein alumina component can form the bar shaped α being sintered together in 48-72h, under aluminium electroloysis high temperature action
Aluminium oxide cenotype；
On the one hand aluminum fluoride component in 500-700 DEG C of temperature range, can promote bonding and the solidification of fluorine-containing solid particulate matter,
On the other hand, after entering liquid aluminium electrolyte, the separation of breeze in aluminium electrolyte can be promoted, it is conductive to improve aluminium electrolyte
Rate；
Sodium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride blending ingredients in 500-700 DEG C of temperature range, can promote fluorine-containing solid particulate matter bonding and
Solidification；
Meanwhile aluminum fluoride, sodium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride blending ingredients, it can under certain condition, fusing generates ice crystal（Na3AlF6）
And aluminum fluoride（AlF3）, the bar shaped alpha-aluminium oxide shell surface being sintered together can be weakened.
The anode-covered material of 10-50mm granularities plays caulking joint and aggregate, specifically, anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch passes through
After pot tending machine bin blanking pipeline covers carbon anode surface, 10-50mm anode-covered materials can effectively block sun
Gap between the carbon block of pole, in anode carbon block at seam and hole ensure that anode-covered material of the granularity less than 10mm will not drain to aluminium
In electrolyte, while also ensureing that sintered anode-covered material has certain sintering strength, is unlikely to shell surface and collapses；
Anode-covered material of the granularity less than 10mm plays the role of cohesive aggregate, specifically, the anode-covered material passes through aluminium electricity
After solution Multi-function equipments bin blanking pipeline covers carbon anode surface, anode-covered material of the granularity less than 10mm is in 500-700
It at a temperature of DEG C, melts and is bonded together, and wherein by aggregate package；
During covering anode carbon block, cladding thickness is controlled in 100mm-120mm anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch, on the one hand may be used
To effectively improve sintering and the crust speed of mulch, on the other hand, although in aluminium cell operational process, the aluminium oxide that drifts
Mulch thickness can be increased, but since coating material layer intensity is suitable, the anode scrap mulch cleaning in later stage can't be influenced and be crushed.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
It is 35% aluminium oxide, 22% aluminum fluoride, 35.7% sodium fluoride, 7.3% fluorine by mass percent Step 1: by mechanical chipping
The crust anode scrap mulch for changing calcium is removed from residue pole surface, and by belt conveyor, the crust mulch block of bulk is delivered to
At two-stage impact crusher；
Step 2: bulk crust mulch enters level-one impact crusher, broken material block is sieved by maximum diameter of hole for 50mm
Net filtration.Block is expected less than 50mm, through conveying pipeline and bucket elevator, into mulch feed bin；Block is expected more than 50mm, by defeated
Expect belt, into two level impact crusher, broken material block is 50mm screen filtrations by maximum diameter of hole, is less than 50mm and expects
Block, through conveying pipeline and bucket elevator, into mulch feed bin.In the process, pass through adjustment impact crusher spinner velocity
Block material and granularity that granularity is 30mm are less than the particle of 5mm and powder-material mass ratio are controlled 3 by mode:2；
Step 3: using conveying vehicle, the mulch covered in feed bin is transported in the mulch hopper in aluminium electrolysis shop,
Mulch is promoted in high hopper by bucket elevator；
Step 4: by high hopper blanking device, mulch is delivered in the mulch feed bin of pot tending machine；
Step 5: by the scalable fixing pipe and blanking hose of the mulch feed bin of pot tending machine, covered described
Lid material is uniformly routed to the carbon anode surface newly replaced, and subsequent operating personnel carries out plastic operation to the mulch after laying, whole
Mulch thickness after shape is 100mm, and mulch investing time is about 40h, and the thick mulch hardness that crusts is moderate, Multi-function equipments
Crust breaker can complete operation of cracking in 5min.
Embodiment 2
It is 36% aluminium oxide, 23% aluminum fluoride, 33% sodium fluoride, 8% calcirm-fluoride by mass percent Step 1: by mechanical chipping
Crust anode scrap mulch removed from residue pole surface, and by belt conveyor, the crust mulch block of bulk is delivered to two-stage
At impact crusher；
Step 2: bulk crust mulch enters level-one impact crusher, broken material block is sieved by maximum diameter of hole for 50mm
Net filtration.Block is expected less than 50mm, through conveying pipeline and bucket elevator, into mulch feed bin；Block is expected more than 50mm, by defeated
Expect belt, into two level impact crusher, broken material block is 50mm screen filtrations by maximum diameter of hole, is less than 50mm and expects
Block, through conveying pipeline and bucket elevator, into mulch feed bin.In the process, pass through adjustment impact crusher spinner velocity
Block material and granularity that granularity is 40mm are less than the particle of 8mm and powder-material mass ratio are controlled 3 by mode:2；
Step 3: using conveying vehicle, the mulch covered in feed bin is transported in the mulch hopper in aluminium electrolysis shop,
Mulch is promoted in high hopper by bucket elevator；
Step 4: by high hopper blanking device, mulch is delivered in the mulch feed bin of pot tending machine；
Step 5: by the scalable fixing pipe and blanking hose of the mulch feed bin of pot tending machine, covered described
Lid material is uniformly routed to the carbon anode surface newly replaced, and subsequent operating personnel carries out plastic operation to the mulch after laying.It is whole
Mulch thickness after shape is 110mm, and mulch investing time is about 48h, and the thick mulch hardness that crusts is smaller, Multi-function equipments
Crust breaker can complete operation of cracking in 4min.
Embodiment 3
It is 38% aluminium oxide, 25% aluminum fluoride, 37.6% sodium fluoride, 9.4% fluorine by mass percent Step 1: by mechanical chipping
The crust anode scrap mulch for changing calcium is removed from residue pole surface, and by belt conveyor, the crust mulch block of bulk is delivered to
At two-stage impact crusher；
Step 2: bulk crust mulch enters level-one impact crusher, broken material block is sieved by maximum diameter of hole for 50mm
Net filtration.Block is expected less than 50mm, through conveying pipeline and bucket elevator, into mulch feed bin；Block is expected more than 50mm, by defeated
Expect belt, into two level impact crusher, broken material block is 50mm screen filtrations by maximum diameter of hole, is less than 50mm and expects
Block, through conveying pipeline and bucket elevator, into mulch feed bin.In the process, pass through adjustment impact crusher spinner velocity
Block material and granularity that granularity is 50mm are less than the particle of 10mm and powder-material mass ratio are controlled 3 by mode:2；
Step 3: using conveying vehicle, the mulch covered in feed bin is transported in the mulch hopper in aluminium electrolysis shop,
Mulch is promoted in high hopper by bucket elevator；
Step 4: by high hopper blanking device, mulch is delivered in the mulch feed bin of pot tending machine；
Step 5: by the scalable fixing pipe and blanking hose of the mulch feed bin of pot tending machine, covered described
Lid material is uniformly routed to the carbon anode surface newly replaced, and subsequent operating personnel carries out plastic operation to the mulch after laying.It is whole
Mulch thickness after shape is 120mm, and mulch investing time is about 60h, and mulch hardness is smaller after crust, Multi-function equipments
Crust breaker can complete operation of cracking in 4min.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch, it is characterised in that：By percentage to the quality, by 35-40% aluminium oxide, 18-25%
The mixture of aluminum fluoride, 35-47% sodium fluorides and calcirm-fluoride forms, wherein granularity is the sun that 10-50mm is less than 10mm with granularity
Pole mulch mass ratio is 3:2.
2. a kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anode-covered material is covered in
Carbon anode surface, mulch thickness are 100mm-120mm.
3. a kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sodium fluoride and calcirm-fluoride
In mixture, the mass ratio of sodium fluoride and calcirm-fluoride is 4:1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810623182.6A CN108505067A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | A kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810623182.6A CN108505067A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | A kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108505067A true CN108505067A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
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| CN201810623182.6A Pending CN108505067A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | A kind of anodes used in aluminum electrolysis mulch |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111041526A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-21 | 山西中铝华润有限公司 | 500KA electrolytic tank anode heat preservation covering material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113957487A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-01-21 | 河南娄科本环境科技有限公司 | Method for recovering electrolyte in carbon slag by using heat of electrolytic cell |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3556974A (en) * | 1968-10-24 | 1971-01-19 | Haskett Barry F | Electrolytic cell cover |
| CN202968711U (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-06-05 | 郑州经纬科技实业有限公司 | Anode carbon block provided with thermal insulation structure for aluminum electrolysis |
-
2018
- 2018-06-15 CN CN201810623182.6A patent/CN108505067A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3556974A (en) * | 1968-10-24 | 1971-01-19 | Haskett Barry F | Electrolytic cell cover |
| CN202968711U (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-06-05 | 郑州经纬科技实业有限公司 | Anode carbon block provided with thermal insulation structure for aluminum electrolysis |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 周云峰 等: "铝电解阳极覆盖料性能探讨", 《轻金属》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111041526A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-21 | 山西中铝华润有限公司 | 500KA electrolytic tank anode heat preservation covering material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113957487A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-01-21 | 河南娄科本环境科技有限公司 | Method for recovering electrolyte in carbon slag by using heat of electrolytic cell |
| CN113957487B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-05-06 | 河南娄科本环境科技有限公司 | Method for recovering electrolyte in carbon residue by using heat of electrolytic cell |
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Application publication date: 20180907 |
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