CN108503899B - Prostate gland imitation and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Prostate gland imitation and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108503899B CN108503899B CN201810525450.0A CN201810525450A CN108503899B CN 108503899 B CN108503899 B CN 108503899B CN 201810525450 A CN201810525450 A CN 201810525450A CN 108503899 B CN108503899 B CN 108503899B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- prostate
- mimic
- composition
- treatment
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/02—Dosimeters
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composition for forming a prostate mimic, a prostate mimic and a preparation method and application thereof. The composition comprises the following components: 0.65-0.712% w/w agarose, 22-22.5 mu mol/kg gadolinium chloride, 2.5-3.5% w/w carrageenan, 0.1-0.3% w/w sodium chloride, and 0.025-0.035% w/w sodium azide. The prostate mimic is formed by molding the composition. The composition forms a prostate mimic with the same properties as real human prostate tissue. The preparation method of the prostate imitation has the advantages of easily controlled process conditions and good repeatability, improves the qualification rate and the production efficiency of the prostate imitation, and can be applied to positioning of radioactive particles, evaluation of radiation dose and prostate examination models.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical bionic materials, and particularly relates to a composition for forming a prostate mimic, the prostate mimic, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in the male genital system, with incidence increasing with age, and it has been reported that the mortality rate of prostate cancer in men is second only to lung cancer, the second to mortality rate of cancer in men. Currently, prostate particle implantation therapy is a safe and effective method for treating prostate cancer, and in radiation particle implantation, the display and positioning of the radiation particles and the evaluation of the postoperative radiation dose are particularly important. However, using conventional MR imaging techniques, the implanted radioactive seeds and their neighbourhood exhibit a large black hole image, i.e. negative contrast. This contrast can easily lead to confusion of the interventional device with low intensity tissue and cavities/cavities in the image, and may not allow for accurate positioning and evaluation of the device. Therefore, how to check and evaluate the location of the radioactive particles and the radiation dose is a technical problem that is constantly being addressed in the art.
In the current medical clinic, a prostate phantom also appears, but the bionic effect of the prostate phantom is not ideal, and the bionic effect is different from the characteristics of real prostate tissues to a certain extent, so that the application effect of the current prostate phantom in the application such as a prostate examination model or a prostate particle implantation treatment technology is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a composition for forming a prostate mimic, so as to solve the technical problem that the application effect of the existing prostate mimic is not ideal due to certain difference between the characteristics of the existing prostate mimic and the characteristics of real prostate tissues.
The invention also aims to provide a prostate gland mimic, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the application effect of the existing prostate gland mimic is not ideal due to a certain difference between the characteristics of the prostate gland mimic and the characteristics of real prostate tissues.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition for forming a prostatic mimic. The composition for forming the prostate imitator comprises a solvent and also comprises the following components:
in another aspect of the invention, a prostate phantom is provided. The prostate mimic is formed by molding the composition of the present invention.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the prostate mimic. The preparation method of the prostate gland mimic comprises the following steps:
the composition of the invention is heated and then cooled and formed to obtain the prostate imitation.
In yet another aspect of the invention, a method of using the prostate phantom of the invention is provided. The application method of the prostate mimic is the application of the prostate mimic in positioning of radioactive particles, evaluation of radiation dose and prostate examination models.
Compared with the prior art, the composition for forming the prostate imitator has the advantages that the components are selected and the content ratio of the components is controlled, so that the components are in synergistic action, and the prostate imitator formed by the composition has the same characteristics with real human prostate tissues.
The prostate mimic of the invention is formed by adopting the composition for forming the prostate mimic, so that the prostate mimic of the invention has the same characteristics with real human prostate tissues, thereby improving the application effect of the prostate mimic in medical clinic.
The preparation method of the prostate imitation body is to directly heat the composition for forming the prostate imitation body to form sol, and then cool and shape the sol, so that on one hand, the preparation method can ensure that the prepared prostate imitation body has the same characteristics with real human prostate tissues, and the prepared prostate imitation body has stable performance; on the other hand, the preparation method has the advantages of easily controlled process conditions and good repeatability, and improves the qualification rate and the production efficiency of the prostate imitations.
The prostate mimic has the same characteristics with real human prostate tissues, so that the application effect of the prostate mimic in medical clinic is improved, particularly when the prostate mimic is applied to a prostate particle implantation treatment technology, the positioning of radioactive particles and the evaluation of radiation dose are effectively improved, and the phenomenon that the existing implanted radioactive particles and the neighborhood of the prostate show black hole images is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing a composition for forming a prostate mimic according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the signal of a prostate phantom according to an embodiment of the present invention as a function of the IR value in the measurement of the T1 value;
figure 3 is a graph of the signal of a prostate phantom as a function of echo time in measuring the T2 value in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The weight of the related components mentioned in the description of the embodiments of the present invention may not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship of the weight among the components, and therefore, the content of the related components is scaled up or down within the scope disclosed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention as long as it is in accordance with the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, the weight described in the description of the embodiment of the present invention may be a unit of mass known in the chemical industry field, such as μ g, mg, g, and kg.
In one aspect, embodiments of the invention provide a composition for forming a prostatic mimic. The composition comprises a solvent and also comprises the following components:
the agarose and the carrageenan contained in the composition form a composite gel base material, and in addition, the agarose component and the content thereof determine and influence the magnetic resonance T2 attenuation value of the prostate phantom. In one embodiment, the agarose may be present in an amount of 0.65% w/w, 0.66% w/w, 0.67% w/w, 0.68% w/w, 0.70% w/w, 0.71% w/w, etc., preferably 0.71% w/w; the carrageenan may be present in an amount of 2.5% w/w, 2.7% w/w, 2.8% w/w, 3.0% w/w, 3.2% w/w, 3.3% w/w, 3.5% w/w, preferably 3% w/w. The gel base material is selected and the content of the gel base material is controlled, so that the gel base material and the gel base material exert a synergistic effect, and the formed prostate mimic and human prostate tissues have basically the same tissue characteristics.
The gadolinium chloride component contained in the composition and the content thereof determine and influence the magnetic resonance T1 recovery value of the prostate phantom. In one embodiment, the gadolinium chloride may be present in an amount of 22. mu. mol/kg, 22.1. mu. mol/kg, 22.2. mu. mol/kg, 22.3. mu. mol/kg, 22.4. mu. mol/kg, 22.5. mu. mol/kg, preferably 22.2. mu. mol/kg.
The sodium chloride component and its content of the composition determine and influence the conductivity of the prostatic mimic. In one embodiment, the sodium chloride may be present in an amount of 0.1% w/w, 0.2% w/w, 0.3% w/w, preferably 0.2% w/w.
The composition contains sodium azide which inhibits the growth of mold or other microorganisms. In one embodiment, the sodium azide may be present in an amount of 0.025% w/w, 0.028% w/w, 0.03% w/w, 0.032% w/w, 0.035% w/w, and preferably 0.03% w/w.
In addition, the solvent in the compositions of the above embodiments may be, but not limited to, water, and specifically may be purified water.
Thus, based on the foregoing examples, in particular examples, the composition for forming a prostate mimic may contain agarose, gadolinium chloride, carrageenan, sodium chloride, and sodium azide in the following amounts:
in addition, the compositions for forming a prostate mimic of the above examples can be formulated according to the process steps as shown in fig. 1:
s01, weighing the components according to the formula of the composition for forming the prostate imitations;
s02, adding the measured gadolinium chloride powder into the measured partial solvent to prepare gadolinium chloride solution;
s03, diluting the gadolinium chloride solution with the measured residual solvent;
and S04, adding the weighed rest components such as agarose, carrageenan, sodium chloride and sodium azide into the diluted gadolinium chloride solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composition for forming the prostate mimic.
Therefore, in the embodiments, the prostate mimic uses agarose and carrageenan as a composite gel matrix material, and controls and adjusts the types and contents of other components, so that the components have synergistic effect, and the prostate mimic formed by the composition has the same tissue characteristics as real human prostate tissue.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a prostate mimic based on the composition for forming a prostate mimic described above. The prostate mimic is formed from the composition described above for forming a prostate mimic. Therefore, the prostate imitation body has the same tissue characteristics with real human prostate tissue, so that the application effect of the prostate imitation body in medical clinic is improved.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the prostate mimic. The technological process of the preparation method of the prostate phantom is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
the composition for forming a prostatic mimic as described above is subjected to a heat treatment and then to a cooling molding treatment to obtain a prostatic mimic.
Through the mixing treatment, the components can be uniformly dispersed in the solvent, and the components capable of being dissolved are dissolved to form a mixture solution with a uniform dispersion system.
In the step S03, during the heat treatment of the mixture solution, components such as agarose, carrageenan, etc. dispersed in the mixture solution are dissolved, thereby forming a sol having a certain viscosity. In an embodiment, the temperature of the heating treatment is 90 to 95 ℃ for 5 to 7 minutes, and in a specific embodiment, the temperature of the heating treatment may be 90 ℃ for 5 minutes. The components of the mixture solution are fully dissolved by the conditions of the heat treatment such as temperature and time, and a sol which is uniformly dispersed and stable in a dispersion system is formed. In addition, in order to sufficiently dissolve and disperse the components in the mixture solution or to accelerate the dissolution and dispersion of the components in the mixture solution, in one embodiment, the heating treatment is accompanied by stirring treatment. The stirring treatment may be a conventional stirring method such as a stirrer or a microwave method. In addition, the heating treatment may be carried out by a conventional heating method such as water bath heating.
After the heating treatment is completed and before the subsequent cooling and forming treatment, keeping the temperature of the heating treatment unchanged, and performing standing treatment, such as standing treatment for 20 minutes. Thus, through the heat-insulating thermal standing treatment, bubbles generated in the heating treatment process automatically overflow, and the bubbles are removed.
And after the heating treatment is finished, carrying out shaping, cooling and forming treatment on the formed thermosol so as to obtain the prostate phantom model which can be fitted with the real prostate tissue of the human body, namely the prostate phantom.
The preparation method of the prostate imitation body comprises the steps of controlling the formula components of the composition for forming the prostate imitation body according to certain process steps and conditions to form the prostate imitation body, so that the prepared prostate imitation body has the same characteristics with real human prostate tissues, and the prepared prostate imitation body is ensured to have stable performance; meanwhile, the conditions are easy to control, the repeatability is good, and the production efficiency of the prostate phantom is improved.
Based on the prostate phantom and the preparation method thereof, the prostate phantom has the same characteristics with real human prostate tissues, so that the prostate phantom can be widely applied to medical teaching specimen models and has application effects in medical clinic. In one embodiment, the prostate phantom can be used for localization of the radiation particles and for evaluation of the radiation dose and for prostate examination models. In a specific embodiment, when the prostate phantom is used for positioning and evaluating radiation dose of radioactive particles, the alignment of the fast spin echo can be checked for positioning and visualization of radioactive particles and evaluation of postoperative radiation dose compared with a magnetic resonance imaging technology, so that the phenomenon that the existing implanted radioactive particles and the neighborhood of the prostate show black hole images is avoided. The T1 and T2 values of the prostanoid were determined to match the T1 and T2 values of human prostate tissue.
The prostate phantom and the method for preparing the same will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
1. Composition examples for Forming prostate mimetics
Example 11
This example provides a composition for forming a prostatic mimic. The composition for forming the prostate imitator comprises the following components:
the composition of this example was formulated as follows:
the components were measured according to the formulation of the composition of this example;
adding the measured gadolinium chloride powder into a measured part of solvent to prepare gadolinium chloride solution;
diluting the gadolinium chloride solution by using the measured residual solvent;
and adding the weighed rest components such as agarose, carrageenan, sodium chloride and sodium azide into the diluted gadolinium chloride solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composition.
Example 12
This example provides a composition for forming a prostatic mimic. The composition for forming the prostate imitator comprises the following components:
the composition of this example was formulated according to the method steps of example 11.
Example 13
This example provides a composition for forming a prostatic mimic. The composition for forming the prostate imitator comprises the following components:
example 14
This example provides a composition for forming a prostatic mimic. The composition for forming the prostate imitator comprises the following components:
2. examples of the preparation method of the prostate phantom
Example 21
This example provides a prostate mimic and a method for preparing the same. The prostate imitation is prepared and molded according to the following method:
the composition of example 11 was heated in a water bath to 90 ℃ and stirred for 5 minutes with heating, then stirred, heated for an additional 10 minutes, and cooled to room temperature to form a prostanoid.
Example 22
This example provides a prostate mimic and a method for preparing the same. The prostate imitation is prepared and molded according to the following method:
the composition of example 12 was heated in a water bath to 95 ℃ and stirred for 2 minutes with heating, then stirred, heated for an additional 3 minutes, and cooled to room temperature to form a prostanoid.
Example 23
This example provides a prostate mimic and a method for preparing the same. The prostate imitation is prepared and molded according to the following method:
the composition of example 13 was heated in a water bath to 95 ℃ and stirred for 2 minutes with heating, then stirred, heated for an additional 3 minutes, and cooled to room temperature to form a prostanoid.
Example 24
This example provides a prostate mimic and a method for preparing the same. The prostate imitation is prepared and molded according to the following method:
the composition of example 14 was heated in a water bath to 95 ℃ and stirred for 2 minutes with heating, then stirred, heated for an additional 3 minutes, and cooled to room temperature to form a prostanoid.
Testing of corresponding Properties
The prostamimetics and human prostate tissue provided in examples 21-24 above were subjected to the determination of T1 and T2 values, respectively. The test methods and results are as follows:
1) measurement of T1 value
The prostate mimetics provided in the examples were each data acquired using an IR sequence to be recovered (Inversion recovery: IR), and a 2-fold accelerated acquisition of GRAPPA was performed. Under the same parameter settings: 8 different TI time parameters, and thus 8 different magnetic resonance IR images, the scan parameters are shown in the table one below. To determine the T1 time constant, a region of interest was selected for the same slice of each IR image, the mean signal of the region was solved, and a signal profile was obtained as a function of IR value (TI value), wherein the results of the prostate phantom test of example 21 are shown in fig. 2 (TI time on the abscissa and signal value on the ordinate). According to the magnetic resonance signal formula, the IR value IR when the signal value is 0nullT1ln2, whereby T1 is IRnull/ln 2. By calculation, the obtained prostate phantom has a T1 value of 1491ms and a T1 value of 1597ms for real prostate tissue, and the measured value is close to the real value. Other embodiments provide a prostate phantom test result similar to that of figure 2.
Table one: IR sequence imaging parameters for measuring T1 values
2) Measurement of T2 value
The data acquisition is carried out by using a multi-echo spin echo sequence, multiple images (here, 8 echoes) of the same slice and different echo moments can be obtained in one TR cycle, and the scanning parameters are as shown in the table three below. To measure the T2 value, we obtained the mean signal value of the same region in 8 images, followed by a signal plot over echo time, where the results of the prostate phantom test of example 21 are shown in fig. 3 (typically, the data for the first echo is discarded and the abscissa is TE time and the ordinate is signal value). According to the formula of the magnetic resonance signal, Mxy(t)＝M0e-t/T2By data fitting, T2 values of the prostate phantom can be obtained, T2 ═ 74ms, which is consistent with T2 values of real prostate tissue (T2 ═ 74). Other embodiments provide a prostate phantom test result similar to that of figure 3.
Table two: multi-echo spin echo sequence imaging parameters for measuring T12 values
The T1 and T2 values of normal prostate tissues of a human body are 74ms and 1597ms respectively, and experiments prove that the prostate mimic prepared by the human body closely conforms to the T1 and T2 values of the normal prostate mimic of the human body. Therefore, the method lays a good foundation for the next step of implanting radioactive seeds, and the positioning of the radioactive seeds and the test evaluation of the radiation dose.
The principle and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific embodiments, the description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the method and the core concept of the present invention, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A composition for forming a prostate mimic, comprising a solvent, wherein the solvent is water, and further comprising the following components:
2. the composition of claim 1, wherein the agarose, gadolinium chloride, carrageenan, gadolinium chloride and sodium azide are present in the following amounts:
3. a prostate mimic formed from the composition of any one of claims 1-2 by molding.
4. A preparation method of a prostate mimic comprises the following steps:
a prostatic mimic obtained by subjecting the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2 to heat treatment and then to cooling molding treatment.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 90 to 95 ℃ for 5 to 7 minutes.
6. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 90 ℃ for 5 minutes.
7. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the heating treatment is accompanied by stirring treatment.
8. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein after the heat treatment and before the cooling molding treatment, a standing treatment is performed for 20 minutes while keeping the temperature of the heat treatment constant.
9. Use of the prostate phantom according to claim 3 in the localization of radioactive particles and the evaluation of radiation dose and prostate examination models.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810525450.0A CN108503899B (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Prostate gland imitation and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810525450.0A CN108503899B (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Prostate gland imitation and preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108503899A CN108503899A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| CN108503899B true CN108503899B (en) | 2020-05-22 |
Family
ID=63401703
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810525450.0A Active CN108503899B (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2018-05-28 | Prostate gland imitation and preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108503899B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101759996A (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-06-30 | 苏州市医学教学模型制造有限公司 | Prostate examination model |
| CN102093668A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-15 | 天津大学 | Preparation method of solid simulation body for optical breast imaging |
| CN103101136A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-15 | 张家港市南丰助剂有限公司 | Preparation method of emulational human prostate and prostate lesion model |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1680109A4 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2009-05-06 | Renovis Inc | Amide derivatives as ion-channel ligands and pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using the same |
-
2018
- 2018-05-28 CN CN201810525450.0A patent/CN108503899B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101759996A (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-06-30 | 苏州市医学教学模型制造有限公司 | Prostate examination model |
| CN102093668A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-15 | 天津大学 | Preparation method of solid simulation body for optical breast imaging |
| CN103101136A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-15 | 张家港市南丰助剂有限公司 | Preparation method of emulational human prostate and prostate lesion model |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108503899A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6635486B2 (en) | Multi-imaging modality tissue mimicking materials for imaging phantoms | |
| Surry et al. | Poly (vinyl alcohol) cryogel phantoms for use in ultrasound and MR imaging | |
| Hellerbach et al. | MRI phantoms–are there alternatives to agar? | |
| Christoffersson et al. | Nickel-doped agarose gel phantoms in MR imaging | |
| Kron et al. | Investigation of the tissue equivalence of gells used for NMR dosimetry | |
| CN111437394B (en) | Bionic excrement and preparation method and application thereof | |
| JP2012189322A (en) | Liquid-state biological phantom and manufacturing method of liquid-state biological phantom | |
| CN108503899B (en) | Prostate gland imitation and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN108523917A (en) | A kind of preparation method and its body mould suitable for a variety of image mode body moulds | |
| Al-Jarrah et al. | Effect of inorganic salts and glucose additives on dose–response, melting point and mass density of genipin gel dosimeters | |
| Ohno et al. | Production of a human-tissue-equivalent MRI phantom: optimization of material heating | |
| Mobini et al. | A hybrid (iron–fat–water) phantom for liver iron overload quantification in the presence of contaminating fat using magnetic resonance imaging | |
| Ahmad et al. | Agarose and wax tissue-mimicking phantom for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the liver | |
| Motovilova et al. | Silicone‐based materials with tailored MR relaxation characteristics for use in reduced coil visibility and in tissue‐mimicking phantom design | |
| Takahashi et al. | Visualization of spatial distribution of spermatogenesis in mouse testes using creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging | |
| CN108618798A (en) | A kind of preparation method and its body mould of CT body mould | |
| Chandramohan et al. | Bone material analogues for PET/MRI phantoms | |
| Dou et al. | Visualization of calcium phosphate cement in teeth by zero echo time 1H MRI at high field | |
| WO2020215853A1 (en) | Phantom material suitable for ct standard value detection, preparation method and application | |
| Tofts | QA: quality assurance, accuracy, precision and phantoms | |
| Elter et al. | PAGAT gel dosimetry for everyone: Gel production, measurement and evaluation | |
| US20200330619A1 (en) | Imaging phantom | |
| Rahn et al. | Calibration standard of body tissue with magnetic nanocomposites for MRI and X-ray imaging | |
| Goharpey et al. | A Novel Ultrasonic Gel Phantom Dosimetry for Evaluation of the Dose Response | |
| Er et al. | Signal-to-noise ratio uniformity and stability of agar gel phantom with iron (III) oxide as relaxation modifier |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Shi Caiyun Inventor after: Xie Guoxi Inventor after: Jiang Chunxiang Inventor after: Wang Haifeng Inventor after: Liang Dong Inventor after: Liu Xin Inventor after: Zheng Hairong Inventor before: Shi Caiyun Inventor before: Xie Guoxi Inventor before: Ji Xiuquan Inventor before: Jiang Chunxiang Inventor before: Wang Haifeng Inventor before: Liang Dong Inventor before: Liu Xin Inventor before: Zheng Hairong |
|
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |