CN108503757B - Low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for VPI (vacuum pressure impregnation) process and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for VPI (vacuum pressure impregnation) process and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/01—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to unsaturated polyesters
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/52—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G63/668—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/676—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
- C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for a VPI (vacuum pressure impregnation) process, which comprises the following raw materials: 30-40 parts of polybasic acid; 20-30 parts of chain-shaped polyol; 5-15 parts of cyclic polyol; 10-30 parts of a diluent; 0.01-0.5 part of a stabilizer; the number of carbon atoms of the chain-like polyol is 2-5; the cyclic polyol is at least one selected from the group consisting of tricyclodecanemethanol, spiroglycol, cyclohexanediol and cyclohexanedimethanol; the molar mass of the cyclic polyol is 10-25% of the molar mass of the chain polyol. The VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator obtained by mixing the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin with the epoxy resin, the curing agent, the curing accelerator, the crosslinking agent and the like has the advantages of small volatile matter, low dielectric loss, high bonding strength and impact strength and excellent storage stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insulating resin, in particular to low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for a VPI (vacuum pressure impregnation) process and application thereof.
Background
Environmental protection, low carbon, energy conservation and consumption reduction are two important subjects of the current social and economic development. The wind energy has the characteristics of cleanness, environmental protection, reproducibility, huge accumulation, wide distribution and the like, and is developed and utilized more and more. In recent years, under the strong support of national relevant policies, the wind power industry of China is rapidly developed. In 2016, the installed capacity of the newly added wind power is 54.6GW, the total installed capacity reaches 486.8GW, and China becomes the first large market of the wind power generation in the world.
Environmental protection, low dielectric loss, good heat resistance, high bonding force, storage stability and good manufacturability are the general requirements of the VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator. Through the development of the last two decades of insulating impregnating varnish for the wind driven generator, two major systems of a modified unsaturated polyester resin + reactive diluent system and a high-purity epoxy + liquid anhydride system are gradually formed. The unsaturated polyester has high heat resistance and good mechanical property, but has large curing shrinkage and poor toughness; epoxy resin has high rigidity and tensile strength, but has high viscosity, limited temperature resistance and long curing time. The following research and development directions can be summarized according to the development and application experiences of the insulating impregnating varnish in China: (1) the base resin will also be based on unsaturated polyesters and epoxies. (2) The unsaturated polyester is modified to improve the comprehensive thermal and mechanical properties. (3) The application of the novel cross-linking agent can reduce environmental pollution. The invention mainly modifies unsaturated polyester, and develops an environment-friendly unsaturated polyester resin which has low viscosity and high strength and is suitable for wind driven generators.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin which has lower viscosity and volatile content and excellent heat resistance; the VPI impregnating resin for wind power generation prepared by taking the VPI impregnating resin as a base material has the characteristics of high heat resistance level and high bonding strength, and is excellent in toughness and greatly improved in impact strength.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for a VPI impregnation process comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the number of carbon atoms of the chain-like polyol is 2-5;
the cyclic polyol is selected from the group consisting of tricyclodecanedimethanol (formula C)12H20O2) Spiro diol (molecular formula is C)15H28O6) Cyclohexanediol (molecular formula is C)6H12O2) Cyclohexanedimethanol (molecular formula C)8H16O2) At least one of;
the molar mass of the cyclic polyol is 10-25% of the molar mass of the chain polyol.
The viscosity of the modified low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin prepared from the raw materials is 400-500 seconds/23 ℃ (No. 4 viscosity cup), and the acid value is 20-25 mgKOH/g.
According to the invention, the chain polyol with the specific carbon number and the cyclic polyol with the specific structure are compounded and used in a specific proportion range, so that the flowability, the heat resistance and the mechanical property of the prepared unsaturated polyester can be improved simultaneously, and the unsaturated polyester resin with low viscosity, high heat resistance, high strength and high toughness can be obtained.
Preferably, the chain polyol is at least one selected from the group consisting of neopentyl glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, methylpropanediol, and butylene glycol; more preferably, at least one of neopentyl glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the cyclic polyol is at least one selected from the group consisting of tricyclodecanemethanol, spiroglycol, cyclohexanediol, and cyclohexanedimethanol.
Preferably, the polybasic acid is selected from at least one of isophthalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, phthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methylnadic anhydride; more preferably at least one of isophthalic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and fumaric acid.
The diluent adopted by the invention contains unsaturated double bonds, has good solubility to unsaturated resin, participates in crosslinking curing reaction, and generates little VOC during high-temperature curing. Preferably, the diluent is at least one selected from the group consisting of lauryl methacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1, 4-butanediol diacrylate, and phthalic acid diacrylate.
Further preferably, the diluent is at least one selected from the group consisting of tripropylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate and neopentyl glycol diacrylate.
Preferably, the stabilizer is at least one selected from the group consisting of p-benzoquinone, hydroquinone, p-tert-butylcatechol, p-hydroxyanisole, and 2-tert-butylhydroquinone.
The low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
further preferably, the raw materials comprise, by weight:
more preferably, the molar mass of the cyclic polyol is 12-20% of that of the chain polyol; further application tests show that the VPI impregnating resin prepared by using the unsaturated polyester prepared by the preferable formula as the base material has better fluidity, bonding strength, impact strength and storage stability and lower solid volatile content.
The preparation of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin adopts a conventional production process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing all monomers, gradually heating to 170-200 ℃ for reaction, vacuumizing until the acid value is 20-25 mgKOH/g, wherein the pressure is-0.095 MPa, and the vacuumizing time is 20-30 min, and removing small molecular substances; and cooling to 160-180 ℃, then adding a stabilizer, uniformly mixing, naturally cooling to 90-120 ℃, finally adding the stabilizer and a crosslinking agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin.
The invention also discloses VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator, which adopts the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin.
Preferably, the VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the unsaturated polyester resin prepared by the invention has low viscosity and good permeability at normal temperature, can greatly shorten the pressure impregnation time and improve the production efficiency; excellent storage stability, slow viscosity increase, long storage period and long service life.
(2) The low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin prepared by the invention does not contain styrene, vinyl toluene and other reactive diluents, is clean and environment-friendly, has the volatile content of less than or equal to 1 percent, and is superior to common unsaturated resin impregnated products.
(3) The low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin prepared by the invention is fast in high-temperature curing, the mass loss in the curing process is less, and the mechanical strength of the cured product is high.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin comprises the following raw materials: 250g (1.69mol) phthalic anhydride, 150g (1.41mol) diethylene glycol, 250g (3.29mol) propylene glycol, 180g (0.59mol) spiroglycol, 350g (3.02mol) fumaric acid, 0.5g hydroquinone and 350g trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
The preparation method of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly mixing 250g of phthalic anhydride, 150g of diethylene glycol, 250g of propylene glycol, 180g of spiroglycol and 350g of fumaric acid, gradually heating to 170-200 ℃ for reaction until the acid value is 20-25 mgKOH/g; after the reaction is finished, vacuumizing to-0.095 MPa, wherein the vacuumizing treatment time is 20 min. Then cooling to 170 ℃, adding 0.5g of hydroquinone as a stabilizer, uniformly mixing, naturally cooling to 90 ℃, finally adding 350g of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin suitable for the VPI impregnation process.
60g of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester prepared in the embodiment is mixed with 42g of novolac epoxy, 4g of tung oil anhydride, 1.5g of dicumyl peroxide, 1.5g of cobalt naphthenate and 35g of trimethylolpropane triacrylate to prepare the VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator.
When the resin is used, the resin is firstly cured for 4-5 hours at 140-150 ℃, and then cured for 7-8 hours at 170-180 ℃ to form a film.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, the amount of cyclic polyol added was adjusted to 50% of the molar mass of the chain polyol, and the raw materials included: 250g (1.69mol) phthalic anhydride, 120g (1.13mol) diethylene glycol, 180g (2.37mol) propylene glycol, 538g (1.77mol) spiroglycol, 350g (3.02mol) fumaric acid, 0.5g hydroquinone and 350g trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
The preparation method of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin of the comparative example comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly mixing 250g of phthalic anhydride, 120g of diethylene glycol, 180g of propylene glycol, 538g of spiroglycol and 350g of fumaric acid, gradually heating to 170-200 ℃ for reaction until the acid value is 20-25 mgKOH/g; after the reaction is finished, vacuumizing to-0.095 MPa, wherein the vacuumizing treatment time is 20 min. Then cooling to 170 ℃, adding 0.5g of hydroquinone as a stabilizer, uniformly mixing, naturally cooling to 90 ℃, finally adding 350g of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin suitable for the VPI impregnation process.
60g of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester prepared in the comparative example was mixed with 42g of novolac epoxy, 4g of tung oil anhydride, 1.5g of dicumyl peroxide, 1.5g of cobalt naphthenate and 35g of trimethylolpropane triacrylate to prepare a VPI impregnating resin for a wind turbine.
When the resin is used, the resin is firstly cured for 4-6 hours at 140-150 ℃, and then cured for 7-8 hours at 170-180 ℃ to form a film.
Comparative example 2
In the comparative example, benzene ring polyhydric alcohol phenylpropanediol is used for replacing spiroglycol, and the raw materials comprise: 250g (1.69mol) phthalic anhydride, 150g (1.41mol) diethylene glycol, 250g (3.29mol) propylene glycol, 90g (0.59mol) styrene-acrylic glycol, 350g (3.02mol) fumaric acid, 0.5g hydroquinone and 350g trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
The preparation method of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin of the comparative example comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly mixing 250g of phthalic anhydride, 150g of diethylene glycol, 250g of propylene glycol, 90g of styrene-acrylic glycol and 350g of fumaric acid, gradually heating to 170-200 ℃ for reaction until the acid value is 20-25 mgKOH/g; after the reaction is finished, vacuumizing to-0.095 MPa, wherein the vacuumizing treatment time is 20 min. Then cooling to 170 ℃, adding 0.5g of hydroquinone as a stabilizer, uniformly mixing, naturally cooling to 90 ℃, finally adding 350g of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin suitable for the VPI impregnation process.
60g of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester prepared in the comparative example was mixed with 42g of novolac epoxy, 4g of tung oil anhydride, 1.5g of dicumyl peroxide, 1.5g of cobalt naphthenate and 35g of trimethylolpropane triacrylate to prepare a VPI impregnating resin for a wind turbine.
When the resin is used, the resin is firstly cured for 4-6 hours at 140-150 ℃, and then cured for 7-8 hours at 170-180 ℃ to form a film.
Example 2
The low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin comprises the following raw materials: 250g (1.69mol) phthalic anhydride, 120g (1.15mol) neopentyl glycol, 200g (2.63mol) propylene glycol, 150g (0.76mol) tricyclodecanedicarballyl alcohol, 250g (2.40mol) maleic anhydride, 0.5g p-benzoquinone and 350g neopentyl glycol diacrylate.
The preparation method of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly mixing 250g of phthalic anhydride, 120g of neopentyl glycol, 200g of propylene glycol, 150g of cyclododecanemethanol and 250g of maleic anhydride, gradually heating to 170-200 ℃ for reaction until the acid value is 20-25 mgKOH/g; after the reaction is finished, vacuumizing to-0.095 MPa, wherein the vacuumizing treatment time is 20 min. Then cooling to 170 ℃, adding 0.5g of stabilizer p-benzoquinone, uniformly mixing, naturally cooling to 90 ℃, finally adding 350g of neopentyl glycol diacrylate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin suitable for the VPI impregnation process.
60g of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester prepared in the embodiment is mixed with 42g of novolac epoxy, 4g of tung oil anhydride, 1.5g of dicumyl peroxide, 1.5g of cobalt naphthenate and 35g of neopentyl glycol diacrylate to prepare the VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator.
When the resin is used, the resin is firstly cured for 4-5 hours at 140-150 ℃, and then cured for 7-8 hours at 170-180 ℃ to form a film.
Example 3
The low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin comprises the following raw materials: 250g (1.69mol) phthalic anhydride, 150g (1.41mol) diethylene glycol, 150g (2.42mol) ethylene glycol, 90g (0.77mol) cyclohexanediol, 250g (2.55mol) maleic anhydride, 0.5g hydroquinone and 350g tripropylene glycol diacrylate.
The preparation method of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly mixing 250g of phthalic anhydride, 150g of diethylene glycol, 150g of ethylene glycol, 90g of cyclohexanediol and 250g of maleic anhydride, and gradually heating to 170-200 ℃ for reaction until the acid value is 20-25 mgKOH/g; after the reaction is finished, vacuumizing to-0.095 MPa, wherein the vacuumizing treatment time is 20 min. Then cooling to 170 ℃, adding 0.5g of hydroquinone as a stabilizer, uniformly mixing, naturally cooling to 90 ℃, finally adding 350g of tripropylene glycol diacrylate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin suitable for the VPI impregnation process.
60g of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester prepared in the embodiment, 42g of novolac epoxy, 4g of tung oil anhydride, 1.5g of dicumyl peroxide, 1.5g of cobalt naphthenate and 35g of tripropylene glycol diacrylate are mixed to prepare the VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator.
When the resin is used, the resin is firstly cured for 4-5 hours at 140-150 ℃, and then cured for 7-8 hours at 170-180 ℃ to form a film.
To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin of the present invention, the VPI impregnating resins for wind driven generators prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were respectively subjected to performance tests according to the corresponding national standards of insulating paint, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the VPI impregnating resin for the wind driven generator prepared by the invention has the characteristics of less than or equal to 1% of volatile matter, cleanness, environmental protection, high thermal state bonding strength, good heat resistance, high impact strength and the like. After the special low-resin mica tape or the medium-resin mica tape is used for curing in a matching way, the insulation structure is uniform, no air gap exists inside, the whole structure is compact, the electrical performance is good, and the dielectric loss is low.
Claims (9)
1. A low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for a VPI impregnation process is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
30-40 parts of polybasic acid;
20-30 parts of chain-shaped polyol;
5-15 parts of cyclic polyol;
10-30 parts of a diluent;
0.01-0.5 part of a stabilizer;
the number of carbon atoms of the chain-like polyol is 2-5;
the cyclic polyol is at least one selected from tricyclodecane dimethanol, spiro diol and cyclohexanediol;
the molar mass of the cyclic polyol is 10-25% of the molar mass of the chain polyol.
2. The VPI impregnation process of claim 1 with a low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin, wherein the polyacid is selected from one or more of isophthalic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, phthalic anhydride, methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl nadic anhydride;
the chain polyol is at least one selected from neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, methyl propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and butanediol.
3. A low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for VPI impregnation process according to claim 1, wherein the diluent is selected from at least one of lauryl methacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1, 4-butanediol diacrylate, phthalic acid diacrylate.
4. A low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for VPI impregnation process according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is selected from at least one of p-benzoquinone, hydroquinone, p-tert-butylcatechol, p-hydroxyanisole, 2-tert-butylhydroquinone.
5. A low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for VPI impregnation process according to claim 4 wherein the raw material composition of the low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin comprises, in parts by mass:
34-40 parts of a polybasic acid;
22-28 parts of chain-shaped polyol;
10-15 parts of cyclic polyol;
20-28 parts of a diluent;
0.01-0.5 part of stabilizer.
6. A low viscosity unsaturated polyester resin for VPI impregnation process according to claim 5 wherein the molar mass of the cyclic polyol is 12 to 20% of the molar mass of the chain polyol.
7. A VPI impregnating resin for wind generators, characterized by using the low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The VPI impregnating resin for wind generators according to claim 7, wherein the raw material composition comprises, in weight percent:
40-50% of low-viscosity unsaturated polyester resin;
25-40% of epoxy resin;
10-30% of a cross-linking agent;
2.0-4.0% of a curing agent;
0.5-2.0% of an initiator;
0.5 to 2.0 percent of accelerant.
9. The VPI impregnation resin for wind generators according to claim 8, characterized in that:
the epoxy resin is selected from at least one of bisphenol A epoxy, novolac epoxy and hydantoin epoxy;
the cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1, 4-butanediol diacrylate and phthalic acid diacrylate;
the curing agent is selected from tung oil anhydride and/or phenyl imidazole;
the initiator is selected from benzoyl peroxide and/or dicumyl peroxide;
the promoter is selected from cobalt naphthenate and/or aluminum acetylacetonate.
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| KR102256280B1 (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2021-06-03 | 해성건설(주) | Unsaturated polyester resin composition for repairing underground pipes by non-digging, reducing VOC emission level, and enhancing the work environment |
| CN110760057A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-02-07 | 南通华如绝缘材料有限公司 | Low-dielectric-loss high-pressure-resistant moisture-proof unsaturated polyester resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN111116879B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-03-09 | 广东盈骅新材料科技有限公司 | Unsaturated polyester resin and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111440518B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-08-17 | 山西博拉哲绝缘技术有限公司 | High-heat-resistance environment-friendly refrigerant-resistant insulating impregnating resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN111647148B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江博菲电气股份有限公司 | Alicyclic structure ester polymer and compound, preparation method and application |
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| CN108503757A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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