CN108503338B - 一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108503338B
CN108503338B CN201810378144.9A CN201810378144A CN108503338B CN 108503338 B CN108503338 B CN 108503338B CN 201810378144 A CN201810378144 A CN 201810378144A CN 108503338 B CN108503338 B CN 108503338B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
fly ash
raw materials
preparing
foamed ceramic
ceramic material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201810378144.9A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN108503338A (zh
Inventor
杨合
韩建鑫
薛向欣
马明龙
班邵璞
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northeastern University China
Original Assignee
Northeastern University China
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northeastern University China filed Critical Northeastern University China
Priority to CN201810378144.9A priority Critical patent/CN108503338B/zh
Publication of CN108503338A publication Critical patent/CN108503338A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108503338B publication Critical patent/CN108503338B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
    • C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate, hypophosphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5427—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77—Density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Abstract

一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法，按以下步骤进行：(1)准备粉煤灰和粘土作为原料，准备氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸钙和偏磷酸钠作为添加剂；(2)将全部原料和添加剂用球磨机湿磨制成料浆；(3)进行喷雾造粒；(4)填充到模具内进行焙烧发泡造孔；(5)随炉冷却至常温。本发明的方法制备工艺简洁，实现了粉煤灰的资源化利用，得到的产品价值高，产品强度高、隔热性好、防火、体积密度较低，性能优异。

Description

一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料技术领域，特别涉及一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法。
背景技术
发泡陶瓷是一种多孔陶瓷材料，气孔率高达50％以上，具有轻质、隔热、防火、吸音等优良性能；发泡陶瓷材料因为其原料在烧制过程中界面诱导析晶和一些金属氧化物作为晶核剂引发析晶，导致材料中主要物相以矿物晶体形式存在，从而区别于泡沫玻璃材料，相较于泡沫玻璃材料，发泡陶瓷拥有较高的强度和更好的隔热性和稳定性；高温发泡陶瓷的制备主要是在原料中加入适量的高温发泡剂、稳泡剂、助熔剂等助剂，混匀后物料在高温下熔融，形成具有适宜粘度的熔体，发泡剂在高温下发生分解反应，产生挥发气体，此时高粘度的熔体使气体无法逸散，封闭在材料内部，引起材料发泡膨胀，而随着温度降低，熔体逐渐冷却凝固，封闭在熔体中的气体在材料内部形成闭合气孔，得到发泡陶瓷材料。
近年来，发泡陶瓷材料，因其具备轻质、强度高、耐高温、耐化学腐蚀、防火隔热、隔音等优良特性，在建筑节能材料、热交换材料、催化剂载体、污水处理等领域得到广泛应用；其制备工艺对原料的要求并不十分苛刻，使用工业固体废弃物制备发泡陶瓷材料不仅符合国家所倡导的节能减排政策，还能够对废渣进行资源化利用，得到高附加值得材料产品，因此利用工业废渣制备发泡陶瓷材料成为了当下研究的热门。
粉煤灰是燃煤经过高温燃烧后，其中的无机组分在高温环境下发生熔融、聚合等不同程度的物理和化学反应后形成的微细粉煤灰粒子，经过炉尾的除尘设备分离和收集得到的固体废弃物。粉煤灰中主要由硅铝玻璃、微晶矿物颗粒和未燃尽的残炭微粒组成，我国燃煤电厂的粉煤灰的主要氧化物组成为SiO2，Al2O3，Fe2O3，CaO，TiO2，K2O，其中SiO2含量超过40％，且含有的Fe2O3，TiO2能够在发泡过程引发析晶生成晶相矿物。当前，我国的电力供应主要通过燃煤产生，有估计我国2015年粉煤灰产量达到了5.4亿吨，粉煤灰的大量堆存会侵占大量土地，造成土地资源的浪费，破坏生态环境，粉煤灰颗粒微细，扬灰会污染大气，威胁人体健康。当前粉煤灰的综合利用主要用作建筑材料、混凝土掺料、水泥配料和生产粉煤灰砖，产品的附加值较低，利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷有希望成为一种对粉煤灰的高附加值资源化利用的技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法，采用粉煤灰和粘土作为原料，添加氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸钙和偏磷酸钠等添加剂，在中温炉中一次焙烧，发泡成型，实现普通粉煤灰的高价值资源化利用的同时，制得性能优良的发泡陶瓷材料。
本发明的方法按以下步骤进行：
1、准备粉煤灰和粘土作为原料，准备氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸钙和偏磷酸钠作为添加剂；原料中按质量百分比粉煤灰占67～76％，粘土占24～33％，添加剂中氧化镁为全部原料总质量的3～6％，碳酸钠为全部原料总质量的1～5％，碳酸钙为全部原料总质量的1～5％，偏磷酸钠为全部原料总质量的3～6％；
2、将全部原料和添加剂混合形成混合物料，然后用球磨机进行湿磨，混合均匀并制成料浆；料浆中水的质量百分比为30～40％；
3、将料浆注入喷雾造粒器中进行喷雾造粒，制成粉体颗粒；粉体颗粒的粒径≤0.5mm；
4、将粉体颗粒填充到模具内，然后置于加热炉中，进行焙烧发泡造孔；焙烧发泡造孔过程中的温度制度为：炉温从室温以7～10℃/min的速率升到700～850℃，保温至少15min，然后以2～5℃/min的升温速率升到1000～1150℃，保温50～80min；
5、焙烧发泡造孔完成后，随炉冷却至常温，获得高强度发泡陶瓷材料。
上述的粉煤灰按质量百分比含SiO2 53～55％，Al2O3 26～27％，Fe2O3 4～5％，CaO4～5％，Na2O 0.7～0.8％，TiO2 1～1.5％，MgO 0.7～0.8％，K2O 2～2.5％，其余为烧失量。
上述的高强度发泡陶瓷材料的体积密度为0.45～0.95g/cm3，抗压强度为10～30MPa，导热系数为0.2～0.3W/(m·K)。
上述方法中，湿磨时水、混合物料和磨球的质量比为0.5:1:4。
上述方法中，为保证料浆成分均匀，将料浆搅拌均匀化至少40min，再进行喷雾造粒。
本发明的方法具有以下优点：1)制备工艺简洁，没有复杂的操作过程；2)所用原料粉煤灰为工业固体废弃物，实现了粉煤灰的资源化利用，得到的产品价值高，为粉煤灰的利用提供行思路；3)制备得到的发泡陶瓷材料强度高、隔热性好、防火、体积密度较低，性能优异。
通过实验验证，产品的主要物相为晶体矿物，使得材料的强度高，且防火隔热，达到国家A级防火材料标准；本发明提供的方法便于实现工业化，且得到的发泡陶瓷材料强度高，使用固体废弃物为原料，符合国家节能减排的发展要求，可在隧道窑中实现大面积一次烧成，按照要求任意切割，能够在保温隔热材料，防火材料，建筑材料和模块化建筑领域得到广泛应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式对本发明的内容进一步说明和补充。
本发明实施例中采用的粉煤灰的粒径<0.124mm。
本发明实施例中采用的粘土的粒径<0.074mm。
本发明实施例中采用的粉煤灰按质量百分比含SiO2 54.00％，Al2O3 26.79％，Fe2O3 4.39％，CaO 4.14％，Na2O 0.760％，TiO2 1.07％，MgO 0.741％，K2O 2.24％，其余为烧失量。
本发明实施例中采用的氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸钙和偏磷酸钠为市购产品。
本发明实施例中的料浆中水的质量百分比为30～40％；
本发明实施例中的模具为拼装式耐火砖窑具。
本发明实施例中采用的加热炉为中温炉。
本发明实施例中的粉体颗粒的粒径≤0.5mm。
实施例1
准备粉煤灰和粘土作为原料，准备氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸钙和偏磷酸钠作为添加剂；原料中按质量百分比粉煤灰占70％，粘土占30％，添加剂中氧化镁为全部原料总质量的5％，碳酸钠为全部原料总质量的4％，碳酸钙为全部原料总质量的4％，偏磷酸钠为全部原料总质量的5％；
将全部原料和添加剂混合形成混合物料，然后用球磨机进行湿磨，混合均匀并制成料浆；湿磨时水、混合物料和磨球的质量比为0.5:1:4；
将料浆注入喷雾造粒器中进行喷雾造粒，制成粉体颗粒；
将粉体颗粒填充到模具内，然后置于加热炉中，进行焙烧发泡造孔；焙烧发泡造孔过程中的温度制度为：炉温从室温以7.5℃/min的速率升到720℃，保温20min，然后以4℃/min的升温速率升到1050℃，保温60min；
焙烧发泡造孔完成后，随炉冷却至常温，获得高强度发泡陶瓷材料；高强度发泡陶瓷材料的体积密度为0.54g/cm3，抗压强度为12.6MPa，导热系数为0.21W/(m·K)。
实施例2
方法同实施例1，不同点在于：
(1)原料中按质量百分比粉煤灰占67％，粘土占33％，添加剂中氧化镁为全部原料总质量的3％，碳酸钠为全部原料总质量的5％，碳酸钙为全部原料总质量的1％，偏磷酸钠为全部原料总质量的6％；
(2)焙烧发泡造孔过程中的温度制度为：炉温从室温以7℃/min的速率升到700℃，保温25min，然后以2℃/min的升温速率升到1000℃，保温80min；
(3)高强度发泡陶瓷材料的体积密度为0.923g/cm3，抗压强度为27.45MPa，导热系数为0.29W/(m·K)。
实施例3
方法同实施例1，不同点在于：
(1)原料中按质量百分比粉煤灰占76％，粘土占24％，添加剂中氧化镁为全部原料总质量的6％，碳酸钠为全部原料总质量的1％，碳酸钙为全部原料总质量的5％，偏磷酸钠为全部原料总质量的3％；
(2)焙烧发泡造孔过程中的温度制度为：炉温从室温以10℃/min的速率升到850℃，保温15min，然后以5℃/min的升温速率升到1150℃，保温50min；
(3)高强度发泡陶瓷材料的体积密度为0.715g/cm3，抗压强度为18.92MPa，导热系数为0.24W/(m·K)。
实施例4
方法同实施例1，不同点在于：
(1)原料中按质量百分比粉煤灰占72％，粘土占28％，添加剂中氧化镁为全部原料总质量的4％，碳酸钠为全部原料总质量的2％，碳酸钙为全部原料总质量的3％，偏磷酸钠为全部原料总质量的4％；
(2)将料浆用磁力搅拌器搅拌均匀化40min，再进行喷雾造粒；
(3)焙烧发泡造孔过程中的温度制度为：炉温从室温以9℃/min的速率升到800℃，保温20min，然后以3℃/min的升温速率升到1100℃，保温70min；
(4)高强度发泡陶瓷材料的体积密度为0.48g/cm3，抗压强度为10.87MPa，导热系数为0.2W/(m·K)。

Claims (2)

1.一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法，其特征在于按以下步骤进行：
（1）准备粉煤灰和粘土作为原料，准备氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸钙和偏磷酸钠作为添加剂；原料中按质量百分比粉煤灰占67~76%，粘土占24~33%，添加剂中氧化镁为全部原料总质量的3~6%，碳酸钠为全部原料总质量的1~5%，碳酸钙为全部原料总质量的1~5%，偏磷酸钠为全部原料总质量的3~6%；所述的粉煤灰按质量百分比含SiO2 53~55%，Al2O3 26~27%，Fe2O3 4~5%，CaO 4~5%，Na2O 0.7~0.8%，TiO2 1~1.5%，MgO 0.7~0.8%，K2O 2~2.5%，其余为烧失量；
（2）将全部原料和添加剂混合形成混合物料，然后用球磨机进行湿磨，混合均匀并制成料浆；料浆中水的质量百分比为30~40%；
（3）将料浆注入喷雾造粒器中进行喷雾造粒，制成粉体颗粒；粉体颗粒的粒径≤0.5mm；
（4）将粉体颗粒填充到模具内，然后置于加热炉中，进行焙烧发泡造孔；焙烧发泡造孔过程中的温度制度为：炉温从室温以7~10℃/min的速率升到700~850℃，保温至少15min，然后以2~5℃/min的升温速率升到1000~1150℃，保温50~80min；
（5）焙烧发泡造孔完成后，随炉冷却至常温，获得高强度发泡陶瓷材料，其体积密度为0.45~0.95g/cm3，抗压强度为10~30MPa，导热系数为0.2~0.3W/(m·K)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法，其特征在于步骤（2）中湿磨时水、混合物料和磨球的质量比为0.5:1:4。
CN201810378144.9A 2018-04-25 2018-04-25 一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法 Active CN108503338B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810378144.9A CN108503338B (zh) 2018-04-25 2018-04-25 一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810378144.9A CN108503338B (zh) 2018-04-25 2018-04-25 一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108503338A CN108503338A (zh) 2018-09-07
CN108503338B true CN108503338B (zh) 2020-12-15

Family

ID=63383249

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810378144.9A Active CN108503338B (zh) 2018-04-25 2018-04-25 一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108503338B (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109354238A (zh) * 2018-10-12 2019-02-19 天津大学 多步联合去除水中硬度的方法及其处理装置
CN110183242A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-30 昌鑫生态科技(陕西)有限公司 工业固废加工高性能泡沫陶瓷材料生产技术
CN112723905B (zh) * 2021-02-02 2021-09-14 波尔玛(辛集)保温材料有限公司 一种建筑节能保温材料及其制备方法
CN115745653A (zh) * 2022-11-16 2023-03-07 秦皇岛易成模塑有限公司 一种台球桌面板及其制作方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1098393A (zh) * 1993-08-05 1995-02-08 吴英华 粉煤灰发泡轻质绝热材料及其制作方法
CN102515828A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-06-27 武汉理工大学 利用铁矿围岩和铁尾矿制备的多孔保温材料及其制备方法
CN103342578A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-10-09 武汉理工大学 利用铁尾矿制备的多孔保温装饰材料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1098393A (zh) * 1993-08-05 1995-02-08 吴英华 粉煤灰发泡轻质绝热材料及其制作方法
CN102515828A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-06-27 武汉理工大学 利用铁矿围岩和铁尾矿制备的多孔保温材料及其制备方法
CN103342578A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-10-09 武汉理工大学 利用铁尾矿制备的多孔保温装饰材料及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POROUS CERAMICS FROM COAL FLY ASH AND CLAY;BILJANA ANGJUSHEVA et al.;《QUALITY OF LIFE》;20161231;第7卷;第53页材料和方法部分，摘要 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108503338A (zh) 2018-09-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108503338B (zh) 一种利用粉煤灰制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法
CN108503371B (zh) 一种利用高炉渣和高铝粉煤灰制备发泡陶瓷材料的方法
CN102838283B (zh) 一种利用复合工业废渣生产泡沫微晶玻璃的方法及产品
CN104072193B (zh) 基于含硅铝固废的发泡陶瓷材料及制备防火保温板的方法
CN103288420B (zh) 一种利用粉煤灰制备页岩气专用压裂支撑剂的方法
CN110526681A (zh) 一种高耐火极限发泡陶瓷及其制备方法
CN104230170B (zh) 一种烧结法发泡微晶材料制品的制作方法
CN104529518B (zh) 一种铅锌矿尾矿-赤泥-粉煤灰基泡沫陶瓷及其制备方法
CN113896563B (zh) 一种利用硼泥制备高强度发泡陶瓷材料的方法及发泡陶瓷材料
CN105948512A (zh) 利用选钛尾矿制备的微晶泡沫玻璃及制备方法
CN110105083B (zh) 赤泥基保温材料及其制备方法和应用
CN110526584B (zh) 一种晶硅切割废料协同煤矸石制备多孔微晶材料的方法及用途
CN102515828B (zh) 利用铁矿围岩和铁尾矿制备的多孔保温材料及其制备方法
CN106938895B (zh) 一种红土镍矿酸浸废渣生产建筑陶粒的方法
CN105669163A (zh) 一种镍渣粉烧制的轻质高强陶粒及其制备工艺
CN108424120B (zh) 一种利用页岩废渣制备发泡陶瓷墙体材料的方法
CN103922786A (zh) 一种建筑外墙保温泡沫陶瓷材料
CN106747620A (zh) 一种低能耗烧结渗水砖及其制造方法
CN108546086B (zh) 一种利用赤泥制备高强度多孔陶瓷材料的方法
CN111548189A (zh) 一种用陶瓷抛磨废料和高炉矿渣制备发泡陶瓷材料的方法
CN104140233A (zh) 一种工业炉用的1200℃级低铁隔热浇注料及制备方法
CN102557717B (zh) 一种多孔堇青石—莫来石复合陶瓷材料及其制备方法
CN114907136A (zh) 高温电炉-微波联合两步法制备赤泥基烧胀陶粒的工艺
CN100494106C (zh) 超轻低导保温材料及其生产方法
CN108516689B (zh) 一种高硅铁尾矿和高炉渣制备微晶泡沫玻璃的方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant