CN108503327A - A kind of low cost aeroge thermal insulation material, preparation method and applications - Google Patents
A kind of low cost aeroge thermal insulation material, preparation method and applications Download PDFInfo
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- CN108503327A CN108503327A CN201810335410.XA CN201810335410A CN108503327A CN 108503327 A CN108503327 A CN 108503327A CN 201810335410 A CN201810335410 A CN 201810335410A CN 108503327 A CN108503327 A CN 108503327A
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- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- rubber powder
- thermal insulation
- insulation material
- chopped strand
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical group COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPPQGYCZBNURDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propionyl-6-dimethylaminonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=C(N(C)C)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)CC)=CC=C21 MPPQGYCZBNURDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEPBFCOIJRULGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,2,3-benzodioxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NOOC2=C1 PEPBFCOIJRULGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000707 boryl group Chemical group B* 0.000 description 1
- 229940043232 butyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(=O)(=O)C(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M isovalerate Chemical compound CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940117013 triethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
- C04B14/064—Silica aerogel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of inexpensive aeroge thermal insulation material, preparation method and applications.The preparation method includes the following steps：(1) batch mixing：Airsetting rubber powder, chopped strand and organic solvent are mixed, blend composition is obtained, it is preferred that airsetting rubber powder, chopped strand and organic solvent are put into the mixing equipment with stirring and/or rotation function and mixed；(2) it is molded：By the blend composition compression moulding, just base is obtained, it is preferred that the blend composition is positioned in mold, then with press device compression moulding；(3) dry：The just base is dried, aeroge thermal insulation material is obtained.This method cannot obtain the low thermal insulation material of thermal conductivity, also reduce the cost of aerogel material, expand aerogel material building field and pipe insulation field application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of composite materials more particularly to a kind of inexpensive aeroge thermal insulation material, preparation methods
And its application.
Background technology
With the high speed development of social economy, global energy consumption steeply rises, and the in short supply of the energy has become the world
The significant problem of range.Building energy conservation is the important component of energy-saving and emission-reduction.Construction industry is that energy demand increases faster
Field.2004, building total energy consumption was 517,300,000 tons of standard coals, accounts for about the 25.45% of Chinese society total energy consumption.To 2008
Year, this data rises to 27.5%.The significance level of building energy conservation has some idea of.
Currently, widely used thermal insulation material is organic insulation material, such as expansion polyphenyl plate, extruded polystyrene in the market
Plate, polyurethane foam, phenol formaldehyde foam etc..This kind of thermal insulation material is with light-weight, machinability is good, compactness is high, insulation
The advantages that effect is good, but the shortcomings that also can not be ignored：It is not ageing-resistant, deformation coefficient is big, eco-environmental prote is poor, stability
Difference, safety is poor, easy firing.Especially in recent years, the fire that building is caused by large area using polyphenyl plate heat preserving material
Calamity Frequent Accidents cause huge economic loss and personal injury.Therefore the raising of construction wall thermal insulation material fire-protection rating is to build
The development trend of industry certainty is built, development and the A grade fire-proof heat-insulating materials for promoting low thermal conductivity are industry vital tasks.
Aerogel material is found in the 1930s, be a kind of superior A grades of fire-proof heat-insulating material of heat-insulating property, is led
Hot coefficient is generally at 0.013-0.03W/ (mK), far below the existing nothing for building thermal-insulation energy-saving field currently on the market
Machine class thermal insulation material, such as rock cotton board, foamed cement board, foam glass have prodigious performance advantage.Aerogel material has
Preferable thermal and insulating performance and fire protecting performance, are Conventional insulation ideal substitutes, have applications well foreground.
But aeroge bulk strength is poor, using being restricted.It is universal at present to do in order to improve the intensity of aerogel material
Method is by aeroge and fiber composite into composite material, and fiber therein can increase the intensity of composite material as reinforced phase.
But, this method also brings adverse effect therewith.First, the addition of fiber makes composite material heat-proof quality decline, heat conduction system
It is several litres high.Second is that the dispersibility of fiber is poor, it is easy absorption and reunites, preparation process is more demanding to dispersibility.
It is limited to above-mentioned factor, the fiber content in the composite material reported at present is less, and the dosage of fiber does not exceed
The dosage of aeroge.The higher field of certain performance requirements is also needed to improve the performance of composite material in some reports
Some additives are used, such as adhesive (such as any in organic polymeric emulsions, phenolic resin adhesive, epoxy resin
Kind is a variety of) or curing agent (such as one kind in phthalic acid anhydride curing agents, Pyromellitic Acid anhydride curing agents, prodan
Or a variety of).City's price of this kind of additive is not low, or even the price for the compound having is per ton more than 20,000 yuan, leads to its market
Force difference is competed, it is difficult to which widespread adoption is in building heat preservation field.Some reports are improved multiple by the means of blended metal oxide
The performance of condensation material, but there are preparation method complexity, problem of high cost, is a kind of excellent laboratory manufacturing method, but not
Suitable for large-scale industrial production.Traditional aerosil is not used in some reports, more using material property
Good aerogel material (such as charcoal-aero gel).But the commercial applications of this kind of novel aeroge because its preparation process is complicated, at
The reasons such as this height, period length, large-scale production difficulty are subject to certain restrictions.
For the dispersion problem of fiber, some reports solve the problems, such as this by the way that fibrofelt is made in fiber.But increase
After strong phase becomes fibrofelt by fiber, it is a problem that how aeroge is evenly distributed in the inside of fibrofelt.Notification number is
The patent application document of CN104478394 A is by the way that by fibrofelt infiltration to airsetting sol solution, it is compound to reach fiber, aeroge
Purpose.But since the density of fibrofelt is larger, airsetting sol solution is not easy infiltration wherein, so also needing to by ultrasonic disperse
Make in aerogel powder infiltrated fiber felt, technology difficulty increases, and cost also increases.Notification number is the patent Shen of CN103755302A
Please file aeroge is prepared by sol-gel method, fibrofelt is impregnated in precursor solution, carry out sol gel reaction, then
By ageing, solvent displacement, surface silylated processing, normal pressure or supercritical drying, the period is long, of high cost.Have
Report increase the dispersion performance of fiber by using dispersant.For example, notification number be CN103466998A,
The patent application document of CN104446334A.This kind of dispersant is mostly that (commercially available price is general for the higher organic compound of city's price
At 1~40,000 yuan/ton), such as Disodium sulfosuccinate, triethanolamine oleate, coconut oil diethanol amide, detergent alkylate be poly-
Ethylene oxide ether, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether etc., undoubtedly also increase production cost.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
For preparation process existing for existing aeroge thermal insulation material is complicated, the period is long, it is of high cost, using fiber as increasing
High heat conductance and low cost can not be taken into account when strong phase, to limit application of the aerogel material in building thermal insulation material this
Problem, the present invention will provide a kind of preparation method of inexpensive aeroge thermal insulation material, overcome the above problem, obtain simultaneous
Have excellent heat-proof quality and mechanical performance, low-cost aeroge thermal insulation material, be highly suitable for building heat preservation field with
And pipe insulation field.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical solutions：
A kind of preparation method of low cost aeroge thermal insulation material, the preparation method include the following steps：
(1) batch mixing：Airsetting rubber powder, chopped strand and organic solvent are mixed, obtain blend composition, it is preferred that by airsetting
Rubber powder, chopped strand and organic solvent are put into the mixing equipment with stirring and/or rotation function and are mixed；
(2) it is molded：By the blend composition compression moulding, just base is obtained, it is preferred that the blend composition is positioned over mold
In, then with press device compression moulding；With
(3) dry：The just base is dried, aeroge thermal insulation material is obtained.
Preferably, in step (1), the grain size of the airsetting rubber powder is 2-50nm；
The specific surface area of the airsetting rubber powder is 300-800m2/g；
The length of the chopped strand is 5-10mm；And/or
A diameter of 3-12 μm of the chopped strand.
Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of the airsetting rubber powder and the chopped strand is 1: (3-6)；And/or
The quality of the organic solvent and the ratio of the gross mass of the airsetting rubber powder and the chopped strand are (3-5):
1。
Preferably, in step (1), the airsetting rubber powder is inorganic aerogel particles, preferably by silica airsetting
What rubber powder, alundum (Al2O3) airsetting rubber powder, titania aerogel powder, ZrO_2 aerogel powder and boron nitride aeroge formed
Group.
Preferably, in step (1), the chopped strand be inorfil, preferably by glass fibre, quartz fibre and
The group of mullite fiber composition.
Preferably, in step (1), the organic solvent is selected from by ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butanol, acetone, ether, methyl phenyl ethers anisole
The group of composition.
Preferably, the condition of molding that the forming step uses for：Briquetting pressure is 0.2-1MPa, dwell time 10-
30min, and the compacting is carried out at 30-50 DEG C.
Preferably, the drying condition that the drying steps use for：Drying temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and drying time is that 2-4 is small
When.
A kind of aeroge thermal insulation material, is prepared using above-mentioned preparation method.
Application of the above-mentioned aeroge thermal insulation material in heat insulating inner wall, exterior-wall heat insulation or pipe insulation.
(3) advantageous effect
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the following advantages that：
Compared with prior art, the present invention obtained aeroge thermal insulation material thermal conductivity is low, airsetting glue material is also reduced
The cost of material, expand aerogel material building field application range.
Aerogel material produced by the present invention also overcomes fiber in the prior art and is not easy dispersion or in order to improve fiber
Dispersibility and so that preparation process is complicated, the production cycle is long, problem of high cost, obtain the heat-proof quality at each position of material
The uniform aerogel material with mechanical performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of preparation method provided by the invention.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, to this hair
Bright technical solution is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and
The embodiment being not all of.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work
Under the premise of the every other embodiment that is obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of inexpensive aeroge thermal insulation material, as shown in Figure 1, the system
Preparation Method includes the following steps：
(1) batch mixing
Airsetting rubber powder, chopped strand and organic solvent are mixed, blend composition is obtained.Preferably, by airsetting rubber powder, be chopped
Fiber and organic solvent are put into the mixing equipment (such as batch mixer) with stirring and/or rotation function and are mixed, and be chopped fibre
Peacekeeping airsetting rubber powder realizes finely dispersed purpose under the action of organic solvent.There is stirring and/or rotational work using above-mentioned
When the mixing equipment of energy carries out batch mixing, the mixing speed that equipment can be arranged is 200~1500rpm and/or the rotation that equipment is arranged
Speed is 500~2000rpm.
Airsetting rubber powder used may be used the following two kinds method and be made：First, commercially available aeroge is mechanically cut
It cuts, stir into nano-scale particle, second is that using aeroge preparation method in the prior art (for example, by using TEOS, acetone, anhydrous
Second alcohol and water is as raw material, including sol-gel, aging, solvent displacement, dry preparation method) aeroge is made, then again
It mechanically shears, stir into nano-scale particle.
In the present invention, the grain size of airsetting rubber powder used is preferably 2-50nm, can be the subrange in above range,
Such as 3-20nm, 3-30nm, 15-30nm or 30-50nm, can also be 2nm, 5nm, 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 25nm, 30nm,
35nm, 40nm, 45nm or 50nm.The specific surface area of airsetting rubber powder used is preferably 300-800m2/ g can be above range
Interior subrange, such as 300-500m2/g、400-600m2/ g or 500-800m2/ g can also be 300m2/g、350m2/g、
400m2/g、450m2/g、500m2/g、550m2/g、600m2/g、650m2/g、700m2/g、750m2/ g or 800m2/g.Using upper
The airsetting rubber powder for stating grain size and specific surface area is not only able to form the uniform blend composition of structure with fiber, it is ensured that each portion of composite material
Position heat-proof quality and mechanical strength it is uniform, it is even more important that may insure be added fiber reinforcement phase when, composite material every
Hot property will not decline the composite material for much obtaining taking into account high heat-proof quality and high mechanical properties.
Airsetting rubber powder is preferably inorganic aerogel particles, more preferably by aerosil powder, alundum (Al2O3) gas
The group of gel powder, titania aerogel powder, ZrO_2 aerogel powder and boron nitride airsetting rubber powder composition.It may be noted that
It refers to any one selected from described group " selected from by ... the group formed " herein to be unless otherwise stated, term
Kind or described group in arbitrary two or more (including two kinds) arbitrary combination.Not only preparation process is more for inorganic aerogels powder
For ripe, cost is relatively low, and it is preferably for building thermal insulation material.In addition to the above-mentioned several inorganic aerogels powder kinds enumerated
Class can also use hybrid inorganic airsetting rubber powder, such as doped with metal or the aerosil powder of metal oxide, multiple
The heat insulation and intensity of condensation material are more preferable.Either, organic aerogel powder, such as RF airsettings rubber powder or MF airsetting rubber powders, also
Hybrid inorganic-organic airsetting rubber powder (also referred to as inorganic-organic hybridization airsetting rubber powder, organic and inorganic aeroge can be used
Powder or inorganic-organic airsetting rubber powder).Hybrid inorganic airsetting rubber powder, organic aerogel powder or organic and inorganic mentioned above
Commercially available aeroge can mechanically be sheared, stir into nano-scale particle and obtain by hybrid aerogel powder, can also use
Aeroge is made in aeroge preparation method in the prior art, then mechanically shears again, stirs into nano-scale particle
And it obtains.The dosage of hybrid inorganic airsetting rubber powder mentioned above, organic aerogel powder or hybrid inorganic-organic airsetting rubber powder can be with
It is identical with the dosage of inorganic aerogels powder, it can also be different.
In some embodiments, the length of chopped strand used is preferably 5-10mm, can be selected in above range
Subrange, such as 5-5.5mm, 6-10mm or 6-8mm.It is also an option that 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm or 10mm.Used is short
Cut fiber directly preferably 3-12 μm, can select the subrange in above range, such as 3-6 μm, 5-10 μm or 9-12 μm,
It is also an option that 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm or 12 μm.Chopped strand used may be used
Commercially available chopped strand can also use commercially available long fibre, then the chopped strand for mechanically cutting into the long fibre.
The dispersibility of chopped strand is poor, but the preparation method used in the present invention is not difficult to mix.Inventor speculates, used in the present invention
Although chopped strand longer fibers easily adsorb reunion, but then, it is also more easy by wet with solvent.So at this
Under the action of invention organic solvent used, preferred mixing method, overcomes the defect that chopped strand is not easy to disperse in addition.
Obtain scattered, each section heat-proof quality and the uniform composite material of mechanical strength.
Chopped strand used is preferably inorfil, and chance fire is nonflammable, safer, is highly suitable for building heat preservation material
Material, such as heat insulating inner wall material or external-wall heat-insulation material.More preferably it is made of glass fibre, quartz fibre and mullite fiber
Group.In addition to above-mentioned inorfil, some novel high-performance inorganic chopped strands can also be used, such as alumina silicate fibre, oxidation
Aluminum fiber, silicon dioxide fibre, boryl fiber (such as boron fibre, boron carbide fibre or boron nitride fiber), silicon based fiber are (as being carbonized
Silica fibre or silicon nitride fiber), the heat-proof quality of composite material is more preferable, is suitable for the more harsh thermal insulation material of insulation requirement.It removes
Inorfil can also use organic chopped strand, such as pet fiber, polypropylene fibre, poly- third
Alkene nitrile fiber, aromatic polyamide fibre, polyimide fiber, polyhenylene pyrido diimidazole fiber, PBI fibre,
Ju is more suitable for penylene benzo-dioxazole (PBO) fiber or high strength PE fiber using composite material made from organic fiber
Pipe insulation.The dosage of high-performance inorganic chopped strand and organic chopped strand mentioned above can with it is short used in the present invention
The dosage for cutting fiber is identical, can also be different.
Organic solvent used preferably is selected from the group being made of ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butanol, acetone, ether, methyl phenyl ethers anisole, not only makes
It obtains chopped strand to be easier to disperse, and is easier to remove in the drying process.It, can be in addition to the organic solvent of mentioned kind
Select methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl ether or three fourth first
The group of base ether composition.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of airsetting rubber powder and chopped strand is preferably 1: (3-6), the quality of organic solvent
Ratio with the gross mass of airsetting rubber powder and chopped strand is preferably (3-5): 1.
(2) it is molded
By the blend composition compression moulding, it is preferred that the blend composition is positioned in mold, then with press device pressure
Type is made, obtains just base.Condition of molding can select following condition：Briquetting pressure is 0.2-1MPa, dwell time 10-
30min, and the compacting is carried out at 30-50 DEG C, convenient for removal organic solvent.
(3) dry
The just base is dried, aeroge thermal insulation material is obtained.Drying condition can select following condition：Drying temperature is
60-80 DEG C, drying time is 2-4 hours.
The second, it the present invention provides a kind of aeroge thermal insulation material, is prepared using above-mentioned preparation method.
The application of third, above-mentioned aeroge thermal insulation material in heat insulating inner wall, exterior-wall heat insulation or pipe insulation.
It is several embodiments that the present invention enumerates below.
Embodiment 1
Use nanoparticle size for 17nm, specific surface area 500m2/ g silica aerogel powders and fibre length
For 8mm, a diameter of 10 μm of short glass fiber, acetone is as solvent, according to aeroge part: fiber: solvent quality ratio is=1
: 4: 15 proportioning is mixed.After mixing, it is positioned in mold, molds.Mold is placed on press, using pressure
0.2MPa, pressurize 10min, the condition that temperature is 40 DEG C, carry out just base molding.Finally the first base of acquisition is demoulded, is placed on supporting plate
On, it is placed in baking oven and is dried, drying condition is 60 DEG C, 2h, obtains final exemplar.
Embodiment 2
Use nanoparticle size for 20nm, specific surface area 480m2/ g silica aerogel powders and fibre length
For 8mm, a diameter of 5 μm of chopped quartz fibre, acetone is as solvent, according to aeroge part: fiber: solvent quality ratio is=1:
4: 15 proportioning is mixed, and after mixing, is positioned in mold, molding.Mold is placed on press, using pressure
0.2MPa, pressurize 10min, the condition that temperature is 40 DEG C, carry out just base molding.Finally the first base of acquisition is demoulded, is placed on supporting plate
On, it is placed in baking oven and is dried, drying condition is 60 DEG C, 2h, obtains final exemplar.
Embodiment 3
Use nanoparticle size for 17nm, specific surface area 500m2/ g silica aerogel powders and fibre length
For 8mm, a diameter of 10 μm of short glass fiber, acetone is as solvent, according to aeroge part: fiber: solvent quality ratio is=1
: 3: 12 proportioning is mixed, and after mixing, is positioned in mold, molding.Mold is placed on press, using pressure
0.2MPa, pressurize 10min, the condition that temperature is 40 DEG C, carry out just base molding.Finally the first base of acquisition is demoulded, is placed on supporting plate
On, it is placed in baking oven and is dried, drying condition is 60 DEG C, 2h, obtains final exemplar.
The method of embodiment 4 to embodiment 6 and embodiment 1 is substantially the same, and difference is shown in Table 1.
The thermal conductivity of exemplar made from above-mentioned each embodiment is detected, and records the cost of each embodiment, the results are shown in Table
1.Can be seen that composite material produced by the present invention from the data in table 1 not only has excellent heat-proof quality, also has cheap
Cost.The thermal conductivity of composite material different parts is detected, almost the same testing result is obtained.In addition, to above-mentioned
The mechanical performance (including compression strength, tensile strength and shear strength) of exemplar made from each embodiment is detected, and is resisted
Compressive Strength is 21-33MPa, tensile strength 1.2-2.4MPa, shear strength 1.7-2.2MPa.To composite material different parts
Mechanical performance be detected, obtain almost the same testing result.
In addition to above-described embodiment, the present invention has also listed following several comparative examples.
Comparative example 1：It is essentially identical with the preparation method of embodiment 1, the difference is that：Using a diameter of 80 μm, length
For the glass fiber of 50mm, using water as mixed solvent.The thermal conductivity of exemplar obtained is 0.046W/mK, per square meter
Cost be 135 yuan.The thermal conductivity of exemplar different parts is detected, it is found that the thermal conductivity at each position of exemplar is inconsistent,
It differs greatly.
Comparative example 2：Using existing report (glass fibre toughening SiO2The preparation of aerogel composite and heat-proof quality
The east Shi little Jing, Zhang Ruifang, He Song, Li Zhi, Cao Wei, Cheng Xu silicate journals, 2016,44 (1)：Preparation side in 129-135)
Method prepares composite material.The thermal conductivity of exemplar obtained is 0.023W/mK, and the cost per square meter is up to 220 yuan, and cost is very
Height is not suitable as building thermal insulation material use.The thermal conductivity of exemplar different parts is detected, almost the same inspection is obtained
Survey result.
The result for comparing each embodiment can be seen that preparation method provided by the invention compared to existing method, can be with
Obtain heat-proof quality more preferably, the lower thermal insulation material of cost, so as to expand aeroge building field application range.And
And using thermal insulation material made from preparation method provided by the invention because of the good dispersion of fiber, so that composite material is each
The heat-proof quality and mechanical performance at a position are uniform.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still may be used
With technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of low cost aeroge thermal insulation material, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes the following steps：
(1) batch mixing：By airsetting rubber powder, chopped strand and organic solvent mix, obtain blend composition, it is preferred that by airsetting rubber powder,
Chopped strand and organic solvent are put into the mixing equipment with stirring and/or rotation function and are mixed；
(2) it is molded：By the blend composition compression moulding, just base is obtained, it is preferred that the blend composition is positioned in mold,
Press device compression moulding is used again；With
(3) dry：The just base is dried, the aeroge thermal insulation material is obtained.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the grain size of the airsetting rubber powder is
2-50nm；
The specific surface area of the airsetting rubber powder is 300-800m2/g；
The length of the chopped strand is 5-10mm；And/or
A diameter of 3-12 μm of the chopped strand.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the airsetting rubber powder and described short
The mass ratio for cutting fiber is 1：(3-6)；And/or
The ratio of the quality of the organic solvent and the gross mass of the airsetting rubber powder and the chopped strand is (3-5)：1.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), the airsetting rubber powder is nothing
Machine aerogel particle, preferably by aerosil powder, alundum (Al2O3) airsetting rubber powder, titania aerogel powder, two
The group of zirconia aerogels powder and boron nitride aeroge composition.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), the chopped strand is nothing
Machine fiber, the group being preferably made of glass fibre, quartz fibre and mullite fiber.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), the organic solvent is selected from
The group being made of ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butanol, acetone, ether, methyl phenyl ethers anisole.
7. preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the molding that the forming step uses
Condition is：Briquetting pressure is 0.2-1MPa, dwell time 10-30min, and the compacting is carried out at 30-50 DEG C.
8. preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the drying that the drying steps use
Condition is：Drying temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and drying time is 2-4 hours.
9. aeroge thermal insulation material, which is characterized in that be prepared using claim 1 to 8 any one of them preparation method.
10. application of the aeroge thermal insulation material in heat insulating inner wall, exterior-wall heat insulation or pipe insulation described in claim 9.
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