CN108501841A - A kind of caravan distribution system based on solid state distribution equipment - Google Patents
A kind of caravan distribution system based on solid state distribution equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种房车配电系统，具体是一种基于固态配电设备的房车配电系统。The invention relates to a power distribution system for a caravan, in particular to a power distribution system for a caravan based on solid-state power distribution equipment.
背景技术Background technique
房车市场在国内虽尚处于起步阶段，但市场和用户在增长。随着房车朝着多功能化和智能化的方向发展，其用电设备的数量随之攀升，整车的用电功率也越来越大，这对车载配电系统的配电性能和可靠性提出了更高的要求。传统的房车配电系统多采用热保护开关等机电式器件实现对用电负载的控制，虽具有技术成熟、器件稳定的优点，但对于过流、短路的故障由于采用达到临界温度才能进行响应，因此其响应较慢，且自动化、智能化程度较低。同时，基于机电式配电系统的遥控配电方式虽然能实现对用电设备的遥控和管理，但是也需要用户较多的手动操作，进而导致配电系统的效率和可靠性也受到影响。现有市场上的房车配电系统有各种类型，但都仅限于个别的改装功能，完整的智能控制配电系统目前还未出现。Although the RV market is still in its infancy in China, the market and users are growing. With the development of RVs towards multi-functionality and intelligence, the number of power-consuming equipment is increasing, and the power consumption of the vehicle is also increasing. higher requirements. Traditional RV power distribution systems mostly use electromechanical devices such as thermal protection switches to control electrical loads. Although they have the advantages of mature technology and stable devices, they can only respond to overcurrent and short circuit faults when they reach a critical temperature. Therefore, its response is slow, and the degree of automation and intelligence is low. At the same time, although the remote control power distribution method based on the electromechanical power distribution system can realize the remote control and management of electrical equipment, it also requires more manual operations by users, which in turn affects the efficiency and reliability of the power distribution system. There are various types of RV power distribution systems on the existing market, but they are all limited to individual modification functions, and a complete intelligent control power distribution system has not yet appeared.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种基于固态配电设备的房车配电系统，负载监控系统可反馈用电设备的数据，如发生故障可及时切断电路，同时便于用户及时知晓，另外用户可远程控制房车内各个电气设备的启停及功率，同时可远程对房车的电瓶进行充电控制。Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a power distribution system for a caravan based on solid-state power distribution equipment. The load monitoring system can feed back the data of the power consumption equipment. If a fault occurs, the circuit can be cut off in time, and at the same time, it is convenient for the user to know in time. In addition, the user can remotely control the start-stop and power of various electrical equipment in the caravan, and at the same time remotely charge and control the battery of the caravan.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种基于固态配电设备的房车配电系统，包括供电控制系统、静音发电机系统、新能源充电系统、第一电瓶、第二电瓶、负载监控系统、续电器、电池电力表、发动机系统、大电流设备、小电流设备、电源转换器、用户控制端、数据传输模块、数据转换模块和CPU芯片，所述供电控制系统与静音发电机系统、新能源充电系统和第二电瓶连接，所述负载监控系统包括交流固态功率控制器组和直流固态功率控制器组，静音发电机系统通过交流固态功率控制器组与大电流设备连接，第二电瓶通过直流固态功率控制器组与电源转换器连接，电源转换器与小电流设备连接，第一电瓶与发电机系统、续电器和电池电力表连接，续电器和电池电力表均与第二电瓶连接；所述交流固态功率控制器组由多个交流固态功率控制器组成，直流固态功率控制器组由多个直流固态功率控制器组成；In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a power distribution system for a caravan based on solid-state power distribution equipment, including a power supply control system, a silent generator system, a new energy charging system, a first storage battery, a second storage battery, and a load Monitoring system, relay, battery power meter, engine system, high-current equipment, low-current equipment, power converter, user control terminal, data transmission module, data conversion module and CPU chip, the power supply control system and the silent generator system 1. The new energy charging system is connected to the second storage battery. The load monitoring system includes an AC solid-state power controller group and a DC solid-state power controller group. The silent generator system is connected to high-current equipment through the AC solid-state power controller group. The second The battery is connected to the power converter through the DC solid-state power controller group, the power converter is connected to the small current equipment, the first battery is connected to the generator system, the relay and the battery power meter, and the relay and the battery power meter are connected to the second battery connected; the AC solid-state power controller group is composed of multiple AC solid-state power controllers, and the DC solid-state power controller group is composed of multiple DC solid-state power controllers;
所述用户控制端通过数据传输模块与数据转换模块连接，数据转换模块与CPU芯片连接，CPU芯片对供电控制系统和负载监控系统控制。The user control terminal is connected to the data conversion module through the data transmission module, the data conversion module is connected to the CPU chip, and the CPU chip controls the power supply control system and the load monitoring system.
进一步，还包括无熔丝断电开关、充电器和外接交流电源插座，外接交流电源插座与充电器连接，充电器通过无熔丝断电开关与供电控制系统连接，所述外接交流电源插座固定在房车表面。Further, it also includes a no-fuse power-off switch, a charger and an external AC power socket, the external AC power socket is connected to the charger, the charger is connected to the power supply control system through the no-fuse power-off switch, and the external AC power socket is fixed on the RV surface.
进一步，所述新能源充电系统为光伏充电系统，光伏充电系统包括光伏板、整流充电器和防止逆流器，所述光伏板设置在房车顶部。Further, the new energy charging system is a photovoltaic charging system, and the photovoltaic charging system includes a photovoltaic panel, a rectifier charger and a backflow prevention device, and the photovoltaic panel is arranged on the top of the caravan.
进一步，所述数据传输模块为无线传输模块或有线传输模块。Further, the data transmission module is a wireless transmission module or a wired transmission module.
进一步，还包括电瓶盒，所述第二电瓶放置于电瓶盒内。Further, a battery box is also included, and the second battery is placed in the battery box.
与现有技术相比，本发明采用直流固态功率控制器和交流固态功率控制器相结合方式，具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the combination of DC solid-state power controller and AC solid-state power controller, which has the following advantages:
1、能够实现配电的统一管理。采用直流固态功率控制器和交流固态功率控制器的配电技术收集各用电设备工作时的用电信息，结合用户的用电意愿，并且采用外接交流电源220V、静音发电机系统与新能源充电系统三种充电方式进行选择，从而能够实现房车供电方式的智能切换与配电系统的统一管理。1. It can realize the unified management of power distribution. The power distribution technology adopts DC solid-state power controller and AC solid-state power controller to collect the power consumption information of each power-consuming equipment when it is working, combined with the user's willingness to use power, and adopts an external AC power supply of 220V, a silent generator system and new energy charging. The system can choose from three charging methods, so as to realize the intelligent switching of the power supply mode of the RV and the unified management of the power distribution system.
2、用户可通过无线网络和负载监控系统对房车内部电气设备进行实时的遥控设防和远程控制，从而满足用户需求，使用户体验更佳以及房车使用更安全。2. Users can conduct real-time remote fortification and remote control of the electrical equipment inside the RV through the wireless network and load monitoring system, so as to meet user needs, make user experience better and RV use safer.
3、能够提高配电的可靠性，负载监控系统将用电设备的数据发送给CPU芯片，CPU芯片进行判断是否为故障，如确定为故障则向用户控制端发送维护信息，从而便于用户及时知晓进行后续处理，同时向负载监控系统发送故障隔离信号，这样在用电设备发生故障时可及时切断电路，因此具有全面的保护功能。采用的固态配电方式可实现快速的零电压接通或零电流断开电路，同时内部无活动部件，故障率低，抗干扰能力强。3. It can improve the reliability of power distribution. The load monitoring system sends the data of the electrical equipment to the CPU chip, and the CPU chip judges whether it is a fault. If it is determined to be a fault, it will send maintenance information to the user control terminal, so that the user can know in time Carry out follow-up processing, and send fault isolation signals to the load monitoring system at the same time, so that the circuit can be cut off in time when the electrical equipment fails, so it has a comprehensive protection function. The solid-state power distribution method adopted can realize fast zero-voltage connection or zero-current disconnection of the circuit. At the same time, there are no moving parts inside, low failure rate, and strong anti-interference ability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明装配在房车上的外观示意图；Fig. 1 is the outward appearance schematic diagram that the present invention is assembled on the caravan;
图2是图1的俯视图；Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
图3是本发明的配电原理图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of power distribution of the present invention;
图4是本发明的控制原理图。Fig. 4 is a control principle diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below.
如图1至图4所示，本发明包括供电控制系统、静音发电机系统、新能源充电系统、第一电瓶、第二电瓶、负载监控系统、续电器、电池电力表、发动机系统、大电流设备、小电流设备、电源转换器、用户控制端、数据传输模块、数据转换模块和CPU芯片，所述供电控制系统与静音发电机系统、新能源充电系统和第二电瓶连接，所述负载监控系统包括交流固态功率控制器组和直流固态功率控制器组，静音发电机系统通过交流固态功率控制器组与大电流设备连接，第二电瓶通过直流固态功率控制器组与电源转换器连接，电源转换器与小电流设备连接，第一电瓶与发电机系统、续电器和电池电力表连接，续电器和电池电力表均与第二电瓶连接；所述交流固态功率控制器组由多个交流固态功率控制器组成，直流固态功率控制器组由多个直流固态功率控制器组成；As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention includes a power supply control system, a silent generator system, a new energy charging system, a first storage battery, a second storage battery, a load monitoring system, a relay, a battery power meter, an engine system, a large current equipment, small current equipment, power converter, user control terminal, data transmission module, data conversion module and CPU chip, the power supply control system is connected with a silent generator system, a new energy charging system and a second storage battery, and the load monitoring The system includes an AC solid-state power controller group and a DC solid-state power controller group. The silent generator system is connected to high-current equipment through the AC solid-state power controller group. The second battery is connected to the power converter through the DC solid-state power controller group. The power supply The converter is connected to the small current equipment, the first storage battery is connected to the generator system, the relay and the battery power meter, and both the relay and the battery power meter are connected to the second battery; the AC solid-state power controller group is composed of a plurality of AC solid-state Composed of power controllers, the DC solid-state power controller group is composed of multiple DC solid-state power controllers;
所述用户控制端通过数据传输模块与数据转换模块连接，数据转换模块与CPU芯片连接，CPU芯片对供电控制系统和负载监控系统控制。The user control terminal is connected to the data conversion module through the data transmission module, the data conversion module is connected to the CPU chip, and the CPU chip controls the power supply control system and the load monitoring system.
所述静音发电机系统与房车的驱动系统共用一个汽油油箱，静音发电机系统其一路输出可供应220V交流电源，通过交流固态功率控制器组为大电流设备供电，如空调、微波炉、热水器、烤箱等使用；另一路输出经过供电控制系统中的AC/DC逆变模块变为12V或24V直流电源可为所述第二电瓶充电，该静音发电机系统发电能力在2500～7000W之间。The silent generator system and the driving system of the RV share a gasoline fuel tank, and one output of the silent generator system can supply 220V AC power supply, through the AC solid-state power controller group to supply power for high-current equipment, such as air conditioners, microwave ovens, water heaters, ovens and so on; the other output is changed to 12V or 24V DC power supply through the AC/DC inverter module in the power supply control system to charge the second storage battery. The power generation capacity of the silent generator system is between 2500-7000W.
所述续电器可在房车启动前将第一电瓶与第二电瓶连通，在房车发动后引擎的发电机系统会将两个电瓶同时充电，在房车熄火后自动跳开。所述电池电力表可显示两个电瓶的电力状况。第二电瓶的电流通过直流固态功率控制器调控后，并通过电源转换器转换后为小电流设备进行供电，如笔记本、电风扇、吹风机等，功率在80～2000W之间。The relay can connect the first storage battery with the second storage battery before the RV is started, and the generator system of the engine will charge the two storage batteries at the same time after the RV is started, and it will automatically jump off after the RV is turned off. The battery power meter can display the power status of the two storage batteries. The current of the second battery is regulated by a DC solid-state power controller, and converted by a power converter to supply power for small current devices, such as notebooks, electric fans, hair dryers, etc., with a power between 80 and 2000W.
所述供电控制系统为现有设备，主要由RAM存储器，FLASH存储器，时钟模块，通信模块，采样及调理电路组成，其通过接收CPU芯片传来的控制信号，然后根据用户控制端选择的供电源，供电控制系统切换外接交流电源220V、静音发电机系统与新能源充电系统中的一种作为供电源以及进行交直流转换功能后为第二电瓶进行充电，另外其能提供一定的用电保护。Described power supply control system is existing equipment, mainly is made up of RAM memory, FLASH memory, clock module, communication module, sampling and conditioning circuit, and it transmits by receiving the control signal of CPU chip, then according to the power supply source that user control terminal selects , the power supply control system switches one of the external AC power supply 220V, the silent generator system and the new energy charging system as the power supply and performs the AC-DC conversion function to charge the second battery. In addition, it can provide certain power consumption protection.
进一步，还包括无熔丝断电开关、充电器和外接交流电源插座，外接交流电源插座与充电器连接，充电器通过无熔丝断电开关与供电控制系统连接，所述外接交流电源插座固定在房车表面。设置充电器和外接交流电源插座可通过外接交流电源插座连接外接交流电源经过供电控制系统为第二电瓶充电；设置无熔丝断电开关可在线路发生过流或短路时及时切断，从而确保用电安全。Further, it also includes a no-fuse power-off switch, a charger and an external AC power socket, the external AC power socket is connected to the charger, the charger is connected to the power supply control system through the no-fuse power-off switch, and the external AC power socket is fixed on the RV surface. The charger and the external AC power socket can be connected to the external AC power supply through the external AC power socket to charge the second battery through the power supply control system; the no-fuse power-off switch can be cut off in time when the line is over-current or short-circuited, so as to ensure the user Electric safety.
进一步，所述新能源充电系统为光伏充电系统，光伏充电系统包括光伏板、整流充电器和防止逆流器，所述光伏板设置在房车顶部。光伏充电系统作为第二电瓶的辅助充电系统，可在光照时对第二电瓶进行充电。Further, the new energy charging system is a photovoltaic charging system, and the photovoltaic charging system includes a photovoltaic panel, a rectifier charger and a backflow prevention device, and the photovoltaic panel is arranged on the top of the caravan. The photovoltaic charging system acts as an auxiliary charging system for the second storage battery, which can charge the second storage battery when there is sunlight.
进一步，所述数据传输模块为无线传输模块或有线传输模块。用户控制端可以通过无线网络或数据线进行数据传输。Further, the data transmission module is a wireless transmission module or a wired transmission module. The user control terminal can transmit data through wireless network or data line.
进一步，还包括电瓶盒，所述第二电瓶放置于电瓶盒内。电瓶盒用以避免第二电瓶污损或电线走火。Further, a battery box is also included, and the second battery is placed in the battery box. The battery box is used to prevent the second battery from being fouled or the wires from catching fire.
在房车投入工作之前，根据房车各用电设备的实际使用情况，为各个直流固态功率控制器及各个交流固态功率控制器和用电设备的连接节点进行时序分配和地址码、屏蔽码的设置；这样当负载监控系统得电工作时，其可与CPU芯片之间进行通信，各个直流固态功率控制器与各个交流固态功率控制器开始进行自检和初始化，负载监控系统将各个固态功率控制器的自检结果和初始化状态上传给CPU芯片，同时上传连接的用电设备数据(如电流、电压、短路、过流、开路、轻载、空载及模块工作温度等)，此时，所有直流与交流固态功率控制器均处于关断状态，若CPU芯片判断上报的结果存在故障，即发送维护信息给用户控制端，同时向负载监控系统发送故障隔离信号，使负载监控系统及时切断电路；另外负载监控系统会接收CPU芯片下发的指令；用户可通过用户控制端发出用电控制信号，其经过无线信号传输或数据线传输并由数据转换模块进行数据转换后发送给CPU芯片，CPU芯片根据接收到的用电控制信号，其控制供电控制系统和负载监控系统中各个直流固态功率控制器与各个交流固态功率控制器工作参数，从而可对大电流设备及小电流设备的通断电及运行功率进行控制，即可实现对包括空调、冰箱、各类灯具的控制(渐亮渐灭，根据环境亮度自动调整)、卧铺加热、电动门锁的开闭、电动车窗的开闭、电动窗帘的开闭、各类电器和功能指示灯等，最终可使用户通过用户控制端在夏季可远程开启车内空调、风扇和冰箱，在冬季可远程开启卧铺加热和空调，便于后续人员进入房车时直接使用。另外用户可通过用户控制端远程发出充电控制信号，CPU芯片根据接收到的充电控制信号中选定的供电来源，控制供电控制系统从外接交流电源220V、静音发电机系统与新能源充电系统中切换所需的供电源为第二电瓶充电，从而实现用户远程对第二电瓶充电的控制。Before the RV is put into work, according to the actual usage of each electrical equipment in the RV, perform timing assignment, address code, and mask code setting for each DC solid-state power controller and each AC solid-state power controller and the connection node of the electrical equipment; In this way, when the load monitoring system is powered on, it can communicate with the CPU chip, each DC solid-state power controller and each AC solid-state power controller start to perform self-test and initialization, and the load monitoring system will The self-test results and initialization status are uploaded to the CPU chip, and the data of the connected electrical equipment (such as current, voltage, short circuit, overcurrent, open circuit, light load, no load, and module operating temperature, etc.) are uploaded at the same time. At this time, all DC and The AC solid-state power controllers are all in the off state. If the CPU chip judges that there is a fault in the reported result, it will send maintenance information to the user control terminal, and at the same time send a fault isolation signal to the load monitoring system, so that the load monitoring system cuts off the circuit in time; The monitoring system will receive instructions issued by the CPU chip; the user can send a power consumption control signal through the user control terminal, which will be sent to the CPU chip after data conversion by the data conversion module through wireless signal transmission or data line transmission. The received power control signal controls the working parameters of each DC solid-state power controller and each AC solid-state power controller in the power supply control system and load monitoring system, so that the power on and off and the operating power of large-current equipment and small-current equipment can be controlled. Control can realize the control of air conditioners, refrigerators, various lamps (fading on and off, automatically adjusted according to the ambient brightness), sleeper heating, opening and closing of electric door locks, opening and closing of electric windows, and opening and closing of electric curtains. On/off, various electrical appliances and function indicator lights, etc., finally enable the user to remotely turn on the air conditioner, fan and refrigerator in the car through the user control terminal in summer, and turn on the sleeper heating and air conditioner remotely in winter, so that subsequent personnel can directly use. In addition, the user can remotely send a charging control signal through the user control terminal, and the CPU chip controls the power supply control system to switch from the external AC power supply 220V, the silent generator system and the new energy charging system according to the power source selected in the received charging control signal The required power supply charges the second storage battery, so that the user can remotely control the charging of the second storage battery.
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