CN108501714A - A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system - Google Patents
A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108501714A CN108501714A CN201810443938.9A CN201810443938A CN108501714A CN 108501714 A CN108501714 A CN 108501714A CN 201810443938 A CN201810443938 A CN 201810443938A CN 108501714 A CN108501714 A CN 108501714A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- fixedly connected
- drive system
- wheel drive
- planet carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
- B60K17/346—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
- B60K17/3462—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear with means for changing distribution of torque between front and rear wheels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of between centers torque universes actively to distribute in due course four-wheel drive system, including：Power input shaft；Front axle；Rear axle；First planetary gear train comprising the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, first planet carrier and the first ring gear；Second planetary gear train comprising the second sun gear, the second planetary gear, the second planet carrier and the second ring gear；TV controls motor, is equipped with hollow output shaft, and the hollow output shaft empty set is in the rear on axis, and the hollow output shaft is connect by deceleration mechanism with second ring gear；Input sprocket is fixedly connected with the power input shaft；Realize that power transmission, the output chain gear are fixedly connected with the front axle by transmission chain between output chain gear, with the input sprocket.Between centers torque universe provided by the invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, and the function of the arbitrary distribution of torque between antero posterior axis may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 4 wheel driven automobile driving system technical field, more particularly to a kind of between centers torque universe is actively distributed suitable
When four-wheel drive system.
Background technology
In recent years, it is constantly progressive with the improvement of people ' s living standards with technology, people also put forward the quality of automobile
Gone out increasingly higher demands, automobile by initially only as the demand of walking-replacing tool be gradually transitioned into safety, comfort,
In the demands such as economy and driving pleasure, people travel multi-functional, multiple road conditions and the demand of high-performing car is also year by year
Increase, such as high-performance 4 wheel driven SUV or high-performance 4 wheel driven car.These vehicles are not only more next in internal combustion engine driving Automobile Market
It is higher, such as be equipped with Audi Q5 SUV of sports type differential mechanism, be equipped with SH-AWD four-wheel drive systems and sing the praises of TLX intermediate-size cars, i.e.,
Make to be for hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle to be also future market mainstream development trend, as Volvo XC60T8 E drive mixed move
With tesla Model S etc..
The classification of driving wheel number is pressed, the drive form of automobile mainly has two-wheel drive and 4 wheel driven driving.For four-wheel drive
It is divided into as in due course 4 wheel driven, full-time four-wheel drive, time sharing.It is divided into as centralization driving and distribution according to driveline arrangement form
Driving, the former has application in traditional combustion engine automobile and new-energy automobile, and the latter often uses wheel hub motor or wheel
Side motor driving, therefore generally used by new-energy automobile, especially electric vehicle, referred to as Electric Motor Wheel independently drives vapour
Vehicle.Distributed In-wheel motor driving can easily realize four-wheel drive, and the general direct drive of wheel of wheel hub motor, not have
Excessive transmission system, thus it is simple in structure, space hold is small, transmission efficiency, a kind of excellent driving form of can yet be regarded as.However
At this stage, face that the universal power density of wheel hub motor is high, motor working environment badly leads to poor reliability, wheel hub motor increases
Unsprung mass causes the technical bottlenecks such as automobile ride reduction to seriously affect its large-scale use, therefore is some concept cars at present
Or small lot sample car is using, most of electric vehicle is still driven using central as driving automotive-type with internal combustion engine
Form.The power source of internal combustion engine or centralized hybrid power assembly (Hybrid Powertrain) as concentration, often cloth
It sets in front-axle engine cabin, this single centralized power source (generally has hybrid power system multiple power sources, but mainstream
All it is to become one to form the hybrid power assembly of a concentration with internal combustion engine, speed changer or coupling device) biography can only be used
Power is transferred to wheel by system central transmission system.Reason as previously described, electric vehicle also generally use at present
The central drive axle form of the lower single motor matching conventional ADS driving bridge of development cost drives wheel, therefore either interior
Combustion engine automobile, hybrid vehicle, electric vehicle then need a transfer device or coupling device if necessary to four-wheel drive
Power is separated into a part and is transferred to other axle shafts.
According to different 4 wheel driven handling capacity design requirements, for three kinds of 4 wheel driven forms above-mentioned, above-mentioned three kinds of power cars
Its power transfer device of type or coupling device also and differ, such as：For in due course 4 wheel driven automobile, often use defeated in speed changer
Power is transferred to front-rear axle by two identical gears of external toothing simultaneously for shaft side, and is going to non-principal drive axle (after generally
Bridge) before increase electromagnetism multiplate clutch realization power is in time transferred to by rear axle by transmission shaft.When electromagnetic clutch knot
When conjunction, total driving torque of half generally at most can be obtained in rear axle.It is so-called that exactly not All Time combines clutch in due course
Power is transferred to rear axle afterwards, and 4 wheel driven could be generally realized when front-wheel skids or when needing 4 wheel driven to work in short-term；And for complete
When 4 wheel driven, often the transmission shaft of forward and backward bridge is connected using center differential (i.e. inter-axle differential), the torque of front-rear axle
Distribution is generally mean allocation, and also some use unequal distribution, since common open type differential has " the not poor torsion of differential "
Feature, in order to cause another bridge driving force also to decline when ensureing to avoid some bridge wheel-slip, passability reduces, therefore such is full-time
The center differential of four-wheel drive system generally selects limited-slip differential or center differential with differential lock function to realize torque
Antero posterior axis transfer；And for time sharing, it often increases center differential in speed changer or after speed changer newly, passes through switching
The engagement of center differential middle gear is transferred to non-principal drive axle (bridge before generally) with realization power is exited.Center differential
Motor torque is further amplified typically with bottom gear, meets the requirement of limit cross-country power.Although above-mentioned three kinds of 4 wheel drivens
Form realizes that power is transferred to four wheels using different mechanisms, but these mechanisms are all from original internal combustion engine 4 wheel driven automobile
It inherits, even with electric vehicle, most of single motor electric four-wheel drive automobile also all uses traditional combustion engine 4 wheel driven vapour
The transfer device or dynamic coupling device of vehicle realize 4 wheel driven, and all no the characteristics of being directed to electric vehicle and the market demand are targetedly
Electric four-wheel drive system is developed, can be sayed without any new meaning.In addition importantly, above-mentioned 4 wheel driven mechanism all exist it is such-and-such
Disadvantage, such as：In due course 4 wheel driven automobile is since most of operating mode is all uniaxial (generally front axle) driving, and front-wheel enters low attached once in a while
When or vacantly skidding, electromagnetism multiplate clutch combines rapidly another axle for making part driving torque be transferred to attachment
(generally rear axle) driving vehicle traveling, ensures vehicle dynamic quality and riding stability, can also improve passability to a certain extent
It can, it is often more important that since the most of the time is uniaxial driving therefore there is good economy.However since its kind of drive is
Gear drive powers up the mode of magnetic multiplate clutch, it is caused generally can only to be no more than the one of vehicle maximum output torque by maximum
Partly transfer is exported to non-principal driving wheel in a short time, therefore such automobile is general by performance, can only be slight cross-country, but
It is best to travel economy.Full-time four-wheel drive automobile is due to being all that four wheels drive in whole running times, additionally, due to generally all
Increase and be furnished between centers limited-slip differential or differential lock, therefore vehicle dynamic property, riding stability and passability are all by force very than in due course 4 wheel driven
It is more, but since its is complicated, of high cost, therefore middle and high end 4 wheel driven SUV or high-end 4 wheel driven cars are generally only applied to, and due to
Always four-wheel drive can not achieve the torque distribution of active up to uniaxial type of drive, therefore it is poor to travel economy.Time sharing
Generally rear wheel drive form, single shaft travel good economy performance when driving.Power is transmitted simultaneously when by manipulating center differential
After becoming four-wheel drive to front-rear axle, due to not having center differential generally, therefore it can not run at high speed in normal paved road,
Low-speed off-road can only be carried out in non-paved road.And due to body structure, car weight, axle device without differential, tire etc., in conjunction with four
Economy is travelled when drive and control stability differs greatly than other 4 wheel driven automobiles, therefore is difficult to apply to high-end 4 wheel driven car and height
Performance SUV.
In general, full-time four-wheel drive form is relatively preferable, but " differential is not poor since its open differential used has
The characteristic of torsion " may then lead to the wheel slip on low attachment side axle when the attachment of automobile antero posterior axis road surface is inconsistent,
Cause automobile is stranded can not travel.Or when automobile emergency accelerates, load by front axle, move backward by shaft rotation, it is also possible to cause front axle wheel
Reach limit of adhesion generation to trackslip and make automobile unstability.Although various between centers limited-slip differentials or shaft space difference speed lock in the prior art
The transmission shaft that front-rear axle can be connected by part locking or complete locking, to realize that torque is supreme from the transfer of low attachment axle
Adhere to axle, avoid wheel-slip, improve trafficability, but the transfer distribution of the between centers of torque be it is unidirectional, can only be from turning
A fast fast axis moves driving moment toward the slow shaft rotation of rotating speed, this can not promote mobility and drive of the vehicle under various road conditions
Dynamic performance.Center differential on orthodox car can only change the rotating speed of two axis, can not distribution of torque, though and center differential
The distribution of between centers torque so may be implemented, but cannot achieve arbitrary torque value between centers fixed direction allocation.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the above-mentioned prior art, towards four-drive electric car, four-drive hybrid electric vapour
The performance requirement of vehicle and 4 wheel driven traditional combustion engine automobile provides a kind of between centers torque universe and actively distributes in due course 4 wheel driven system
System, the power source for using a motor to be distributed as between centers torque can be such that total driving of the automobile of the in due course 4 wheel driven of holding turns
Square can be distributed actively in any proportion between antero posterior axis, and overcoming existing in due course 4 wheel driven technology can only be in certain proportion range
The technological deficiency of the interior passive total driving torque of distribution, improves the comprehensive performance of automobile.
Technical solution provided by the invention is：
A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, including：
Power input shaft；
Front axle；
Rear axle；
First planetary gear train comprising the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, first planet carrier and the first ring gear；
Wherein, first sun gear is fixedly connected with the power input shaft, first ring gear and four-wheel drive system
Shell is fixedly connected；
Second planetary gear train comprising the second sun gear, the second planetary gear, the second planet carrier and the second ring gear；
Wherein, second sun gear is fixedly connected with the rear axle, second planet carrier and the first planet carrier
It is fixedly connected；
TV controls motor, is equipped with hollow output shaft, and the hollow output shaft empty set is in the rear on axis, and described hollow
Output shaft is connect by deceleration mechanism with second ring gear；
Input sprocket is fixedly connected with the power input shaft；
Output chain gear is fixedly connected with the front axle；
Wherein, the input sprocket and the output chain gear carry out power transmission by transmission chain.
Preferably, first planetary gear train and second planetary gear train planet row characteristic parameter having the same and
Planet row type.
Preferably, the deceleration mechanism includes third planet train comprising third sun gear, the third line star-wheel,
Three planet carriers and third ring gear；
Wherein, the third sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow output shaft；The third planet carrier and described second
Ring gear is fixedly connected；The third ring gear is fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell.
Preferably, the transmission ratio of the input sprocket and the output chain gear is 1.
Preferably, the TV controls motor is cartridge type inner rotor motor.
Preferably, it is connected by bearing between the hollow output shaft and the rear axle.
Preferably, the stator of TV controls motor and shell are fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell.
Preferably, the hollow output shaft of the TV controls motor and the centre bore of the third sun gear are connected by spline
It connects.
A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, including：
Power input shaft；
Front axle；
Rear axle；
First planetary gear train comprising the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, first planet carrier and the first ring gear；
Wherein, first sun gear is equipped with hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft empty set of first sun gear is in the rear on axis,
It is connected by bearing between the hollow shaft and the rear axle of first sun gear；The first planet carrier is inputted with the power
Axis is fixedly connected, and first ring gear is fixedly connected with four-wheel drive system shell；
Second planetary gear train comprising the second sun gear, the second planetary gear, the second planet carrier and the second ring gear；
Wherein, second sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft of first sun gear, second planet carrier with
The rear axle is fixedly connected；
Wherein, first planetary gear train and second planetary gear train planet row characteristic parameter having the same and planet
Arrange type；
TV controls motor, is equipped with hollow output shaft, and the hollow output shaft empty set is in the rear on axis, and described hollow
Output shaft is connect by deceleration mechanism with second ring gear；
The deceleration mechanism includes third planet train comprising third sun gear, the third line star-wheel, third planet carrier and
Third ring gear；
Wherein, the third sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow output shaft；The third planet carrier and described second
Ring gear is fixedly connected；The third ring gear is fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell；
Input sprocket is fixedly connected with the power input shaft；
Output chain gear is fixedly connected with the front axle；
Wherein, the input sprocket and the output chain gear carry out power transmission by transmission chain.
A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, including：
Power input shaft；
Front axle；
Rear axle；
First planetary gear train comprising the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, first planet carrier and the first ring gear；
Wherein, first sun gear is fixedly connected with the power input shaft, the first planet carrier and four-wheel drive system
Shell is fixedly connected；
Second planetary gear train comprising the second sun gear, the second planetary gear, the second planet carrier and the second ring gear；
Wherein, second sun gear is fixedly connected with the rear axle, second ring gear and first ring gear
It is fixedly connected, is connected by bearing between first ring gear and second ring gear and the four-wheel drive system shell；
Wherein, first planetary gear train and second planetary gear train planet row characteristic parameter having the same and planet
Arrange type；
TV controls motor, is equipped with hollow output shaft, and the hollow output shaft empty set is in the rear on axis, and described hollow
Output shaft is connect by deceleration mechanism with second planet carrier；
The deceleration mechanism includes third planet train comprising third sun gear, the third line star-wheel, third planet carrier and
Third ring gear；
Wherein, the third sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow output shaft；The third planet carrier and described second
Planet carrier is fixedly connected；The third ring gear is fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell；
Input sprocket is fixedly connected with the power input shaft；
Output chain gear is fixedly connected with the front axle；
Wherein, the input sprocket and the output chain gear carry out power transmission by transmission chain.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, between centers torque universe provided by the invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, and existing in due course 4 wheel driven system may be implemented
The repertoire of system, generally uniaxial two-wheel drive when meeting with common drive shaft and skidding or artificially press 4 wheel driven mode switch
When, a certain range of four-wheel drive traveling may be implemented, vehicle travels good economy performance.
2, between centers torque universe provided by the invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, overcomes existing in due course four-wheel drive system
(total driving can only be usually no more than to turn in smaller range by controlling the binding force of electromagnetism multiplate clutch in 4 wheel driven pattern
The half of square) change the technological deficiency for being transferred to non-principal drive shaft (referring generally to rear axle) torque, it may be implemented in 4 wheel driven pattern
When arbitrary distribution of torque between antero posterior axis function, and respond rapid；Limiting case will be whole when single shaft has skidded
Power assembly output torque is transferred to well attached another axis, realizes uniaxial driving, can not compared to In-wheel motor driving
With gross output is reduced, ensure vehicle dynamic property.
3, between centers torque universe provided by the invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, overcomes existing in due course four-wheel drive system
Driving torque can only be unidirectionally transferred to the slow another axis of rotating speed from the fast axis of rotating speed when torque distributes in 4 wheel driven pattern
Technological deficiency, may be implemented rotating speed is fast, between slow two axis the active distribution of torque of any direction function, you can with from turning
A fast fast shaft rotation moves to the slow axis of rotating speed, and the function of the fast axis of rotating speed can be also moved to from the slow shaft rotation of rotating speed.
4, between centers torque universe provided by the invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, is independently driven compared to wheel hub motor
It is dynamic, each wheel hub motor need not individually be controlled, and only need that a motor control to can be adjusted each axis driving turn
Square, control system is simple and reliable, and control is easy to implement.
5, between centers torque universe provided by the invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, need not carry out torque orientation point
Timing when two-wheel drive (i.e. uniaxial), automobile in straight trip, motor can with remains stationary, not will produce idle running, therefore not
Induced electromotive force and leakage current are will produce, power loss is small, saves energy.
6, between centers torque universe provided by the invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, the distribution of torque universe orientation
Essential technique feature, the need for improving vehicle dynamic property, economy, turning mobility, control stability and passability can be taken into account
It asks, improves vehicle comprehensive performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes in due course one structural schematic diagram of four-wheel drive system embodiment
(for TV control motors are placed in rear axle).
Fig. 2 is that between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes in due course two structural schematic diagram of four-wheel drive system embodiment
(for TV control motors are placed in rear axle).
Fig. 3 is that between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes in due course three structural schematic diagram of four-wheel drive system embodiment
(for TV control motors are placed in rear axle).
Fig. 4 actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system between centers torque universe of the present invention and does not work in TV control motors
When torque flow to schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system when TV controls motor and works
Torque flow to schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of between centers torque universes actively to distribute in due course four-wheel drive system, mainly by double
Planet row TV coupling mechanisms 2000, TV control motor decelerating mechanisms 3000 and TV control motors 4001 are constituted.
The double planet wheel rows of mixing TV coupling mechanisms 2000 are located near power intake, include mainly two single planetary gears
System：First planetary gear train 2010 and the second planetary gear train 2020.The two single planetary gear train planet row features having the same
Parameter and planet row type, and more than 1, (the planet row characteristic parameter is that machinery field usually defines to characteristic parameter, that is, is referred to
Be ring gear and sun gear in planet row the ratio between the number of teeth).First planetary gear train 2010 includes sun gear 2011, three
Planetary gear 2012, ring gear 2013 and the planet carrier 2014 being distributed uniformly and circumferentially.Wherein, ring gear 2013 and 4 wheel driven system
Shell 5003 of uniting is connected.2011 center of sun gear is fixed together with power input shaft 4003 by spline, power input shaft
4003 be vehicle power intake, can access other rotating power sources by traditional combustion engine or including motor Lai
Power is provided.When power source is traditional combustion engine, power input shaft 4003 forms dynamic with internal combustion engine and matched speed changer
Power assembly output end is connected；When power source be motor when can directly be connected with motor output end, also can with motor and lack
The power assembly output end of speed transmission composition is connected.Second planetary gear train 2020 includes 2021, three edges of sun gear
The equally distributed planetary gear 2022 of circumferencial direction, ring gear 2023 and planet carrier 2024.Wherein, 2021 center of sun gear and rear axle
4002 are linked together by spline, and planet carrier 2024 and the planet carrier 2014 of the first planetary gear train 2010 are fixed together.
TV control motor decelerating mechanisms 3000 are mainly made of third planet train 3030.The third planet train 3030
Including 3031, three planetary gears being distributed uniformly and circumferentially 3032 of sun gear, ring gear 3033 and planet carrier 3034.Wherein
Ring gear 3033 is connected with four-wheel drive system shell 5003, and the ring gear 2023 of planet carrier 3034 and the second planetary gear train 2020 is connected
Together.It should be noted that TV controls motor decelerating mechanism 3000 using single planetary gear train in the present embodiment, select
The deceleration mechanism of other kinds of planetary gear train or multiple rows of planetary gear train composition does not constitute the new construction for being different from the present invention.
The TV controls motor 4001 is a cartridge type inner rotor motor, connects the rear axle 4002 from its of rear driving axle
Hollow inner rotor shaft centre bore, which does not contact, to be pierced by, and arranges that matched bearings plays reduction and relatively rotates between the two therebetween
When friction and mutual supporting role.Cartridge type internal rotor anterior end outer diameter is machined with spline, with third planet train
3030 3031 centre bore of sun gear is linked together by spline, and the output torque so as to which TV to be controlled to motor 4001 passes
It is delivered to third planet train 3030.The stator and its shell of the TV control motors 4001 are connected with four-wheel drive system shell 5003
Together, it is supported and fixed by four-wheel drive system shell 5003.
The input sprocket 1000 realizes input sprocket 1000 and output chain gear 5000 by using transmission chain 5002
Power transmits.Compare gear engaged transmission mode, and front axle 5001 may be implemented with rear axle 4002 not in such chain drive mode
Parallel arrangement at regular intervals under conditions of increase gear diameter.Input sprocket 1000 and 5000 number of teeth of output chain gear and diameter
It is identical.Output chain gear 5000 is connect by centre bore spline with 5001 spline of front axle, input sprocket 1000 and from its center
The power input shaft 4003 extended through to its rear is linked together by spline.
In addition, between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes all planetary gears that in due course four-wheel drive system is included
System, characteristic parameter are all higher than 1.
Between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system and passes through the total posture double planet wheel rows of mixing TV of setting
It is defeated that coupling mechanism 2000 and chain drive realize the power being connected for the power assembly of engine or motor with core component
Enter the connection of axis 4003 and front axle 5001 and rear axle 4002, power is transferred to automobile front axle by front axle 5001 again, and rear axle 4002 is again
Power is transferred to automobile axle, then vehicle realizes 4 wheel driven work.By TV control motor 4001 forward or backwards
Torque output can control the total driving torque inputted from power input shaft 4003 and arbitrarily be distributed in preceding bridge or rear axle, limiting case
Total input torque can all be distributed to a drive axle and realize single bridge driving.Above structure and connection relation realize power
Universe of the total input torque of assembly between front-rear axle is actively randomly oriented distribution.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, using the wheeled double planet wheel rows of mixing TV coupling mechanisms 2000 of the total sun, i.e. the first planet
The sun gear 2011 of train 2010 and the sun gear 2021 of the second planetary gear train 2020 are fixed together, sun gear 2011 and the sun
It is hollow hollow shaft between wheel 2021, rear axle 4002 passes through from front to back inside hollow shaft, and is arranged to therebetween
Friction and the mutual supporting role reduced when relatively rotating between the two is played to bearing.The planet carrier of first planetary gear train 2010
2014 centers are fixed together with power input shaft 4003 by spline.The planet carrier 2024 of second planetary gear train 2020 and from its
The rear axle 4002 that center is extended through to rear is linked together by spline.Structural schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 3, in the present embodiment, using total internal tooth ring type double planet wheel rows of mixing TV coupling mechanisms 2000, i.e. the first planet
The ring gear 2013 of train 2010 and the ring gear 2023 of the second planetary gear train 2020 are fixed together, can be by 4 wheel driven system
Arrangement matched bearings is supported ring gear 2013 and ring gear 2023 in system shell 5003.The row of first planetary gear train 2010
Carrier 2014 is connected with four-wheel drive system shell 5003.The planet carrier 3034 of third planet train 3030 and the second planetary gear train 2020
Planet carrier 2024 be fixed together.Structural schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3.
The between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system and relates generally to four kinds of operating modes：Straight-line travelling TV controls
Motor 4001 does not start, and turning driving TV control motors 4001 do not start, and straight-line travelling TV control motors 4001 start, Yi Jizhuan
Curved traveling TV controls motor 4001 starts.The reality of in due course four-wheel drive system is actively distributed between centers torque universe shown in FIG. 1 below
For the structural schematic diagram for applying example one, four kinds of operating modes are illustrated respectively：
(1) straight-line travelling TV controls motor 4001 and does not start.
When automobile in horizontal good road surface at the uniform velocity when driving, the attachment of antero posterior axis driving wheel and road surface is good, and axle load is not
Significant change can occur, therefore, between antero posterior axis be not necessarily to carry out the fixed direction allocation of torque, TV is controlled at this time does not have in motor 4001
Electric signal is controlled, TV control motors 4001 do not work, and the torque transfer that power assembly is inputted through power input shaft 4003 is to defeated
Enter sprocket wheel 1000, torque is all transmitted on output chain gear 5000 by input sprocket 1000 using transmission chain 5002, then into one
Step passes to front axle 5001, to make automobile front axle driving wheel obtain driving torque.Automobile is preceding bridge driving condition at this time.
In terms of rotation speed relation, as positive direction, when retroversion is for the direction of rotation of front axle and rear axle when set driving automobile advance
Negative direction.If rotating speed is n before and after automobile, i.e. the rotating speed n of the sun gear 2011 of the first planetary gear train 2010S1With the second planet
The rotating speed n of the sun gear 2021 of train 2020S2It is equal, i.e. nS1=nS2=n.Come to reduce motor free-running belt as far as possible
Inertia loses and counter electromotive force energy expenditure, and TV control motors 4001 should be avoided to dally, that is, convey the sky of TV control motors 4001
The rotating speed n of the sun gear 3031 of the connected third planet train 3030 of intracardiac rotorS3=0.Due to third planet train 3030
Ring gear 3033 is connected with four-wheel drive system shell 5003, rotating speed nR3=0, therefore the planet carrier 3034 of third planet train 3030
Rotating speed nH3=0.Since the ring gear 2023 of the second planetary gear train 2020 and the planet carrier 3034 of third planet train 3030 are connected,
The then rotating speed n of ring gear 2023R2=0.Again because of the ring gear 2013 of the first planetary gear train 2010 and four-wheel drive system shell 5003
It is connected, therefore the rotating speed n of ring gear 2013R1=0.Again due to the planet carrier 2014 and the second planetary gear train of the first planetary gear train 2010
2020 planet carrier 2024 is fixed with one, therefore the rotating speed n of planet carrier 2014H1With the rotating speed n of planet carrier 2024H2It is identical, i.e. nH1
=nH2, and due to the first planetary gear train 2010 and the second planetary gear train 2020 planet row characteristic parameter and planet row having the same
Type can then obtain the rotating speed n of the sun gear 2011 of two planetary gear trainsS1With the rotating speed n of sun gear 2021S2It is identical, i.e. nS1=nS2。
Transmission ratio additionally, due to input sprocket 1000 and output chain gear 5000 is 1, so when automobile before and after rotating speed it is identical.This
The identical conclusion of front and back rotating speed is coincide when with the automobile straight-line travelling derived above, so when can ensure that TV controls motor
4001 not will produce idle running, save energy.
In terms of torque relationship, if the torque that power assembly is inputted through power input shaft 4003 at this time is T0(T0For positive value), then
The torque for passing to input sprocket 1000 is T0, torque is all transmitted to output by input sprocket 1000 using transmission chain 5002
On sprocket wheel 5000, front axle 5001 is further passed to, then the input torque T that axle is obtainedBefore、TAfterwardsRespectively TBefore=T0,
TAfterwards=0, it is seen that between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system and is now in two drive states, and preceding bridge is
Drive axle.The distribution flow direction of torque at this time is as shown in Figure 4.
(2) turning driving TV controls motor 4001 and does not start.
Under this operating mode, when due to automobile turning before and after automobile driving wheel apart from the instantaneous distance, that is, front-rear axle of automobile turning
Average turning radius and differ, the mean speed of two wheels of preceding bridge is slightly above the mean speed of two wheels of rear axle, this
Speed discrepancy can also be slightly had by leading to connect the front and back rotating speed in the present invention of front-rear axle.The speed discrepancy is by double planet wheel rows of mixing TV coupling machines
Structure 2000 realizes auto―adaptive test to realize not change under the premise of front and back shaft torque distributes, that is, connects the first row of front axle 5001
Both the sun gear 2011 of star wheel series 2010 and the sun gear 2021 of the second planetary gear train 2020 of connection rear axle 4002 rotating speed have
Certain speed discrepancy, i.e. nS1≠nS2.Because the first planetary gear train 2010 it is identical with 2020 characteristic parameter of the second planetary gear train and
Two planet carriers 2014 and 2024 are fixed with one, i.e. the two rotating speed nH1=nH2, then according to single planetary row rotating speed formula, can obtain
Both ring gears 2023 of the ring gear 2013 of first planetary gear train 2010 and the second planetary gear train 2020 rotating speed has certain rotating speed
Difference, i.e. nR1≠nR2, because the ring gear 2013 of the first planetary gear train 2010 is connected with four-wheel drive system shell 5003, therefore nR1=0,
The rotating speed n of the ring gear 2023 of the second planetary gear train 2020 can then be obtainedR2≠0.Due to the planet carrier of third planet train 3030
3034 and second the ring gear 2023 of planetary gear train 2020 be connected, then the rotating speed n of the planet carrier 3034 of third planet train 3030H3
=nR2≠ 0, at this time since the ring gear 3033 of third planet train 3030 and four-wheel drive system shell 5003 are connected, therefore third planet
The rotating speed n of the sun gear 3031 of train 3030S3≠ 0, i.e., the TV being connect with 3031 spline of sun gear controls the hollow of motor 4001
Internal rotor will produce slight idle running.But because idler revolutions are minimum, therefore its energy consumption generated is also minimum, can ignore substantially,
And generally turning process compare the straight-line travelling operating mode frequency of occurrences and the time it is relatively fewer, therefore after the turning process,
Front and back rotating speed becomes identical, and TV control 4001 rotating speeds of motor can revert to rapidly 0, no longer generate idle running, therefore, have no effect on
The economy of vehicle.
When turning driving TV control motors 4001 do not start, although the rotating speed of antero posterior axis is with the presence of certain speed discrepancy, institute
The between centers torque universe stated actively distributes the torque relations of distribution of in due course four-wheel drive system, not with straight-line travelling TV controls motor 4001
The operating mode of startup is identical, i.e. TBefore=T0, TAfterwards=0, automobile drives state still in two at this time, and preceding bridge is drive axle.At this time
Torque distribution flow direction it is as shown in Figure 4.
(3) straight-line travelling TV controls motor 4001 and starts.
Automobile in the process of moving, if moved after the axle load of automobile or front axle driving wheel and the attachment coefficient on ground it is smaller,
Then it is likely to occur that front axle driving wheel trackslips since torque is excessive, rear axle driving wheel is unable to give full play since torque is insufficient
The phenomenon that adhewsive action between ground.At this time in order to improve the dynamic property and passability of automobile, need ensureing total driving
In the case that torque is constant, increase the driving torque of rear axle 4002, reduces the driving torque of front axle 5001, i.e., pass through power assembly
Input sprocket 1000 distributes to the driving torque part orientation of automobile front axle 5001 and is transferred to automobile hind axle 4002.
Under any state, the torque that power input shaft 4003 inputs is fully allocated to front axle 5001, i.e. T alwaysBefore=T0,
TAfterwards=0.If necessary to realize the fixed direction allocation of front and back between centers torque by above-mentioned working condition requirement, just need to motor be controlled by TV at this time
4001 complete.Now with moved after automobile axle load or front axle driving wheel and the smaller duty requirements of the attachment coefficient on ground for into
Row analysis, to illustrate that between centers torque universe of the present invention actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system antero posterior axis in automobile straight-line travelling
Between torque fixed direction allocation operation principle.
It is moved after automobile axle load or front axle driving wheel and when the smaller attachment coefficient on ground, it should be by automobile front axle 5001
Part driving torque fixed direction allocation is to automobile hind axle 4002.The TV control motors 4001 of electric signal control at this time export negative sense torque-T (T
For positive value), then the sun gear 3031 for the third planet train 3030 being connect with the hollow internal rotor spline of TV control motors 4001
Torque TS3=-T obtains the torque T of the planet carrier 3034 of third planet train 3030 according to single planetary row torque formulaH3=(k3+1)T
(wherein k3For the planet row characteristic parameter of third planet train 3030), then the output of planet carrier 3034 of third planet train 3030 is given
The torque of the ring gear 2023 of second planetary gear train 2020 is TR2=-(k3+1)T.If the first planetary gear train 2010 and the second planetary gear
The planet row characteristic parameter for being 2020 is k, i.e. k1=k2=k obtains the second planetary gear train then according to single planetary row torque formula
The torque of 2020 sun gear 2021 and planet carrier 2024 is respectivelySo
In second planetary gear train 2020 sun gear 2021 export torque beThe torque increment for being then input to rear axle 4002 isPlanet carrier 2024 export torque beThen planet carrier in the first planetary gear train 2010
2014 input torque isAccording to single planetary row torque formula, the first planetary gear train 2010 is obtained
The torque of sun gear 2011Then sun gear 2011 export torque beThen it is input to input sprocket
1000 torque increment isTherefore, the torque increment for being transmitted to front axle 5001 isThus may be used
See, TV control motor 4001 through TV control motor decelerating mechanism 3000 and double planet wheel rows of mixing TV coupling mechanisms 2000 be input to front axle and
Big reversed (the sign TV control motors 4001 as shown in Figure 5 of its torque increment to front and back shaft torque such as torque increment of rear axle
Shown in positive and negative number marked on distribution stream), i.e. TBefore'=- TAfterwards′.Above-mentioned torque increment distributes to turning for antero posterior axis with power assembly
After square synthesis, can obtain the driving torque of front axle 5001 at this time becomesThe driving torque of rear axle 4002 becomesIt can be seen that TV control 4001 off positions of motor that compare, 5001 driving torque of front axle decline at this time,
4002 driving torque of rear axle increases, that is, realizes under conditions of not changing total driving torque, torque is from front axle 5001 to rear axle
4002 orientation transfer distribution.Torque distribution flow direction at this time is as shown in Figure 5.Under limiting case, control TV controls motor 4001
Output torqueThe torque that may be implemented to distribute to power assembly through input sprocket 1000 front axle 5001 is complete
Portion is transferred to rear axle 4002, to realize rear bridge driven.
A bit need to be remarked additionally, if when automobile axle load Forward or rear axle driving wheel and the smaller attachment coefficient on ground,
Because automobile is originally at forerunner's pattern, therefore without carrying out torque fixed direction allocation between axle, TV controls motor at this time
4001 do not work.Under this operating mode, the between centers torque universe actively distributes rotation speed relation and the torque of in due course four-wheel drive system
The relations of distribution, it is identical as the operating mode that straight-line travelling TV control motors 4001 do not start, it no longer repeats herein.Torque distribution at this time
Flow direction is as shown in Figure 4.
(4) turning driving TV controls motor 4001 and starts.
Under this operating mode, the between centers torque universe actively distributes the rotation speed relation and power assembly of in due course four-wheel drive system
Whole torques are distributed to the torque relations of distribution of front axle 5001, the operating mode phase not started with turning driving TV control motors 4001
Together, it no longer repeats herein.The output torque that TV controls motor 4001 waits big opposite torque increment for front and back shaft torque
It is identical with the operating mode that straight-line travelling TV control motors 4001 start, it also no longer repeats herein.Torque distribution flow direction at this time
As shown in Figure 5.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that including：
Power input shaft；
Front axle；
Rear axle；
First planetary gear train comprising the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, first planet carrier and the first ring gear；
Wherein, first sun gear is fixedly connected with the power input shaft, first ring gear and four-wheel drive system shell
It is fixedly connected；
Second planetary gear train comprising the second sun gear, the second planetary gear, the second planet carrier and the second ring gear；
Wherein, second sun gear is fixedly connected with the rear axle, and second planet carrier is fixed with the first planet carrier
Connection；
Wherein, first planetary gear train and second planetary gear train planet row characteristic parameter having the same and planet row class
Type；
TV controls motor, is equipped with hollow output shaft, and the hollow output shaft empty set is in the rear on axis, and the hollow output
Axis is connect by deceleration mechanism with second ring gear；
The deceleration mechanism includes third planet train comprising third sun gear, the third line star-wheel, third planet carrier and third
Ring gear；
Wherein, the third sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow output shaft；The third planet carrier and second internal tooth
Circle is fixedly connected；The third ring gear is fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell；
Input sprocket is fixedly connected with the power input shaft；
Output chain gear is fixedly connected with the front axle；
Wherein, the input sprocket and the output chain gear carry out power transmission by transmission chain.
2. between centers torque universe according to claim 1 actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that the input
The transmission ratio of sprocket wheel and the output chain gear is 1.
3. between centers torque universe according to claim 1 actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that the TV controls
Motor processed is cartridge type inner rotor motor.
4. between centers torque universe according to claim 3 actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that described hollow
It is connected by bearing between output shaft and the rear axle.
5. between centers torque universe according to claim 4 actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that the TV
The stator and shell for controlling motor are fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell.
6. between centers torque universe according to claim 5 actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that the TV controls
The hollow output shaft of motor processed is connect with the centre bore of the third sun gear by spline.
7. a kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that including：
Power input shaft；
Front axle；
Rear axle；
First planetary gear train comprising the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, first planet carrier and the first ring gear；
Wherein, first sun gear is equipped with hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft empty set of first sun gear is described in the rear on axis
It is connected by bearing between the hollow shaft of first sun gear and the rear axle；The first planet carrier is solid with the power input shaft
Fixed connection, first ring gear are fixedly connected with four-wheel drive system shell；
Second planetary gear train comprising the second sun gear, the second planetary gear, the second planet carrier and the second ring gear；
Wherein, second sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft of first sun gear, second planet carrier with it is described
Rear axle is fixedly connected；
Wherein, first planetary gear train and second planetary gear train planet row characteristic parameter having the same and planet row class
Type；
TV controls motor, is equipped with hollow output shaft, and the hollow output shaft empty set is in the rear on axis, and the hollow output
Axis is connect by deceleration mechanism with second ring gear；
The deceleration mechanism includes third planet train comprising third sun gear, the third line star-wheel, third planet carrier and third
Ring gear；
Wherein, the third sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow output shaft；The third planet carrier and second internal tooth
Circle is fixedly connected；The third ring gear is fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell；
Input sprocket is fixedly connected with the power input shaft；
Output chain gear is fixedly connected with the front axle；
Wherein, the input sprocket and the output chain gear carry out power transmission by transmission chain.
8. a kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system, which is characterized in that including：
Power input shaft；
Front axle；
Rear axle；
First planetary gear train comprising the first sun gear, the first planetary gear, first planet carrier and the first ring gear；
Wherein, first sun gear is fixedly connected with the power input shaft, the first planet carrier and four-wheel drive system shell
It is fixedly connected；
Second planetary gear train comprising the second sun gear, the second planetary gear, the second planet carrier and the second ring gear；
Wherein, second sun gear is fixedly connected with the rear axle, and second ring gear is fixed with first ring gear
Connection, is connected between first ring gear and second ring gear and the four-wheel drive system shell by bearing；
Wherein, first planetary gear train and second planetary gear train planet row characteristic parameter having the same and planet row class
Type；
TV controls motor, is equipped with hollow output shaft, and the hollow output shaft empty set is in the rear on axis, and the hollow output
Axis is connect by deceleration mechanism with second planet carrier；
The deceleration mechanism includes third planet train comprising third sun gear, the third line star-wheel, third planet carrier and third
Ring gear；
Wherein, the third sun gear is fixedly connected with the hollow output shaft；The third planet carrier and second planet
Frame is fixedly connected；The third ring gear is fixedly connected with the four-wheel drive system shell；
Input sprocket is fixedly connected with the power input shaft；
Output chain gear is fixedly connected with the front axle；
Wherein, the input sprocket and the output chain gear carry out power transmission by transmission chain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810443938.9A CN108501714A (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-05-10 | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810443938.9A CN108501714A (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-05-10 | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108501714A true CN108501714A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
Family
ID=63400560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810443938.9A Pending CN108501714A (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-05-10 | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108501714A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4914979A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1990-04-10 | Gkn Axles Limited | Axle drive unit |
| CN104675951A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Electric differential with double-row planetary gear torque directional distribution mechanism |
| CN104747679A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 陕西汉德车桥有限公司 | Inter-axle differential with NGW planet gears |
| CN107061675A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-18 | 吉林大学 | A kind of electric differential mechanism with torque fixed direction allocation function |
| CN208164757U (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林大学 | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system |
-
2018
- 2018-05-10 CN CN201810443938.9A patent/CN108501714A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4914979A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1990-04-10 | Gkn Axles Limited | Axle drive unit |
| CN104747679A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 陕西汉德车桥有限公司 | Inter-axle differential with NGW planet gears |
| CN104675951A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Electric differential with double-row planetary gear torque directional distribution mechanism |
| CN107061675A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-18 | 吉林大学 | A kind of electric differential mechanism with torque fixed direction allocation function |
| CN208164757U (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林大学 | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108266512B (en) | Centralized full-time electric four-wheel drive system | |
| CN106965659B (en) | Dual-motor coupling drive axle with torque directional distribution function | |
| CN113415107B (en) | Dual-mode electric drive axle capable of carrying out torque parallel connection and torque directional distribution | |
| CN113400864B (en) | Multi-mode torque vectoring electric drive axle using one-way clutch | |
| CN208180782U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system | |
| CN108297620B (en) | Torque directional distribution electric drive axle based on double-rotor motor | |
| CN208164754U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN108394274A (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN108297619A (en) | A kind of duplex planet train torque fixed direction allocation electric drive axle | |
| CN208164757U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180783U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208164759U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208164758U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180784U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes in due course four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180780U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180781U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208164755U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180775U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208149072U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180776U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180777U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208277853U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180778U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN208180779U (en) | A kind of between centers torque universe actively distributes full-time four-wheel drive system | |
| CN207916462U (en) | A kind of duplex planet train torque fixed direction allocation electric drive axle |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |